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Karlsson, Beatrice
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Carlsson, B. (2012). Human Caliciviruses: a study of viral evolution, host genetics and disease susceptibility. (Doctoral dissertation). Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Human Caliciviruses: a study of viral evolution, host genetics and disease susceptibility
2012 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

The viruses described in this thesis are the norovirus and sapoviruses, which belong to the family of human caliciviruses and are known to cause gastroenteritis in humans. Gastroenteritis has emerged as a global health problem and is based on the large number of infected considered as one of the most common diseases today. According to estimates of the World Health Organization (WHO), gastroenteritis causes over five times more pediatric deaths compared to pediatric deaths caused by HIV/AIDS worldwide. Norovirus, the cause of the famous “winter vomiting disease”, is alone responsible for more than 200 000 deaths each year in children less than 5 years of age.

The mechanism for emergence and evolution of new human calicivirus strains, as well as protective immunity in the human population is poorly understood. The main focus for this thesis was to elucidate the possible correlation between human calicivirus evolution, host genetics and disease susceptibility. One of the main findings presented in this thesis is the documentation of in vivo capsid gene evolution and quasispecies dynamics during chronic NoV GI.3 infection (Paper 1). In paper II, we reported that the G428A nonsense mutation in the FUT2 gene provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 NoV infection. In my last two papers (Paper III and IV), we were the first to investigate host genetic susceptibility factors during authentic SaV infection.

To summarize, the results presented in this thesis show that the success of human calicivirus infection probably is determined by a delicate interplay between virus evolution and susceptibility of the host, both genetically and immunologically.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2012. s. 77
Serie
Linköping University Medical Dissertations, ISSN 0345-0082 ; 1303
Nationell ämneskategori
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-76036 (URN)978-91-7519-922-1 (ISBN)
Disputation
2012-04-12, Eken, Hälsouniversitetet, Campus US, Linköpings univeristet, Linköping, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2012-03-23 Skapad: 2012-03-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2019-12-10Bibliografiskt granskad
Bucardo, F., Carlsson, B., Nordgren, J., Larson, G., Blandon, P., Vilchez, S. & Svensson, L. (2012). Susceptibility of Children to Sapovirus Infections, Nicaragua, 2005–2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 18(11), 1875-1878
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Susceptibility of Children to Sapovirus Infections, Nicaragua, 2005–2006
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2012 (Engelska)Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases, ISSN 1080-6040, E-ISSN 1080-6059, Vol. 18, nr 11, s. 1875-1878Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

We describe the genetic diversity of sapovirus (SaV) in children in Nicaragua and investigate the role of host genetic factors and susceptibility to SaV infections. Our results indicate that neither ABO blood group, Lewis phenotype, nor secretor status affects susceptibility to SaV infection in Nicaragua.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Atlanta, GA, USA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services * Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012
Nationell ämneskategori
Infektionsmedicin
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-76034 (URN)10.3201/eid1811.111581 (DOI)000328172600023 ()23092588 (PubMedID)
Anmärkning

On the day of the defence day the status of this article was

Manuscript

Tillgänglig från: 2012-03-23 Skapad: 2012-03-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-03-01Bibliografiskt granskad
Karlsson, B., Michael Lindberg, A., Rodriguez-Diaz, J., Hedlund, K.-O., Persson, B. & Svensson , L. (2009). Quasispecies dynamics and molecular evolution of human norovirus capsid P region during chronic infection. Journal of General Virology, 90, 432-441
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Quasispecies dynamics and molecular evolution of human norovirus capsid P region during chronic infection
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2009 (Engelska)Ingår i: Journal of General Virology, ISSN 0022-1317, E-ISSN 1465-2099, Vol. 90, s. 432-441Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

In this novel study, we have for the first time identified evolutionarily conserved capsid residues in an individual chronically infected with norovirus (GGII.3). From 2000 to 2003, a total of 147 P1-1 and P2 capsid sequences were sequenced and investigated for evolutionarily conserved and functionally important residues by the evolutionary trace (ET) algorithm. The ET algorithm revealed more absolutely conserved residues (ACR) in the P1-1 domain (47/53, 88 %) as compared with the P2 domain (86/133, 64 %). The capsid P1-1 and P2 domains evolved in time-dependent manner, with a distinct break point observed between autumn/winter of year 2000 (isolates P1, P3 and P5) and spring to autumn of year 2001 (isolates P11, P13 and P15), which presumably coincided with a change of clinical symptoms. Furthermore, the ET analysis revealed a similar receptor-binding pattern as reported for Norwalk and VA387 strains, with the CS-4 and CS-5 patch (Norwalk strain) including residues 329 and 377 and residues 306 and 310, respectively, all being ACR in all partitions. Most interesting was that residues 343, 344, 345, 374, 390 and 391 of the proposed receptor A and B trisaccharide binding site (VA387 strain) within the P2 domain remained ACR in all partitions, presumably because there was no selective advantage to alter the histo blood group antigens (HBGA) receptor binding specificity. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights to the evolutionary process of norovirus during chronic infection.

Nationell ämneskategori
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16852 (URN)10.1099/vir.0.005082-0 (DOI)
Tillgänglig från: 2009-02-21 Skapad: 2009-02-20 Senast uppdaterad: 2017-12-13
Carlsson, B., Kindberg, E., Buesa, J., Rydell, G. E., Lidón, M. F., Montava, R., . . . Svensson, L. (2009). The G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2 provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 Norovirus infection.. PLOS ONE, 4(5), e5593
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>The G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2 provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 Norovirus infection.
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2009 (Engelska)Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 4, nr 5, s. e5593-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

In November 2004, 116 individuals in an elderly nursing home in El Grao de Castellón, Spain were symptomatically infected with genogroup II.4 (GII.4) norovirus. The global attack rate was 54.2%. Genotyping of 34 symptomatic individuals regarding the FUT2 gene revealed that one patient was, surprisingly, a non-secretor, hence indicating secretor-independent infection. Lewis genotyping revealed that Lewis-positive and negative individuals were susceptible to symptomatic norovirus infection indicating that Lewis status did not predict susceptibility. Saliva based ELISA assays were used to determine binding of the outbreak virus to saliva samples. Saliva from a secretor-negative individual bound the authentic outbreak GII.4 Valencia/2004/Es virus, but did not in contrast to secretor-positive saliva bind VLP of other strains including the GII.4 Dijon strain. Amino acid comparison of antigenic A and B sites located on the external loops of the P2 domain revealed distinct differences between the Valencia/2004/Es and Dijon strains. All three aa in each antigenic site as well as 10/11 recently identified evolutionary hot spots, were unique in the Valencia/2004/Es strain compared to the Dijon strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of symptomatic GII.4 norovirus infection of a Le(a+b-) individual homozygous for the G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the host genetic susceptibility to norovirus infections and evolution of the globally dominating GII.4 viruses.

Nationell ämneskategori
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18974 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0005593 (DOI)19440360 (PubMedID)
Anmärkning
Original Publication: Beatrice Carlsson, Elin Kindberg, Javier Buesa, Gustaf E Rydell, Marta Fos Lidón, Rebeca Montava, Reem Abu Mallouh, Ammi Grahn, Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz, Juan Bellido, Alberto Arnedo, Göran Larson and Lennart Svensson, The G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2 provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 Norovirus infection., 2009, PLoS ONE, (4), 5, e5593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005593 Licensed under Creative CommonsTillgänglig från: 2009-06-10 Skapad: 2009-06-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-06-14Bibliografiskt granskad
Hederos (Håkansson), S., Karlsson, B., Tegler, L. & Kerstin S., B. (2005). Ligand-Directed Labeling of a Single Lysine Residue in hGST A1-1 Mutants. Bioconjugate chemistry, 16(4), 1009-1018
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Ligand-Directed Labeling of a Single Lysine Residue in hGST A1-1 Mutants
2005 (Engelska)Ingår i: Bioconjugate chemistry, ISSN 1043-1802, Vol. 16, nr 4, s. 1009-1018Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Previously, we discovered that human glutathione transferase (hGST) A1-1 could be site-specifically acylated on a tyrosine residue (Y9) to form ester products using thiolesters of glutathione (GS-thiolesters) as acylating reagents. Out of a total of 20 GS-thiolester reagents tested, 15 (75%) are accepted by hGST A1-1 and thus this is a very versatile reaction. The present investigation was aimed at obtaining a more stable product, an amide bond, between the acyl group and the protein, in order to further increase the value of the reaction. Three lysine mutants (Y9K, A216K, and Y9F/A216K) were therefore prepared and screened against a panel of 18 GS-thiolesters. The Y9K mutant did not react with any of the reagents. The double mutant Y9F/A216K reacted with only one reagent, but in contrast, the A216K mutant could be acylated at the introduced lysine 216 with eight (44%) of the GS-thiolesters. The reaction can take place in the presence of glutathione and even in a crude cell lysate for five (28%) of the reagents. Through the screening process we obtained some basic rules relating to reagent requirements. We have thus produced a mutant (A216K) that can be rapidly and site-specifically modified at a lysine residue to form a stable amide linkage with a range of acyl groups. One of the successful reagents is a fluorophore that potentially can be used in downstream protein purification and protein fusion applications.

Nyckelord
human GST A1-1, site-specific covalent modification, tyrosine 9, alanine 216, lysine mutant, pre-programmed, ligand-directed protein modification, intramolecular acyl-transfer reaction
Nationell ämneskategori
Naturvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-13367 (URN)10.1021/bc050111t (DOI)
Tillgänglig från: 2005-09-23 Skapad: 2005-09-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2017-10-27
Karlsson, B., Järrhed, J.-O. & Wide, P. (2002). A fusion toolbox for sensor data fusion in industrial recycling. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 51(1), 144-149
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>A fusion toolbox for sensor data fusion in industrial recycling
2002 (Engelska)Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, ISSN 0018-9456, E-ISSN 1557-9662, Vol. 51, nr 1, s. 144-149Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Information from different sensors can be fused in various ways. It is often difficult to choose the most suitable method for solving a fusion problem. In a measurement situation, the measured signal is often corrupted by disturbances (noise, etc.). It is, therefore, meaningless to compare crisp values without the corresponding uncertainty intervals. This paper describes a toolbox including nine different fusing methods. All methods are applied on training data, and the most suitable method is then used for solving the real fusion problem. In the example, fusion is performed on data for classification in an industrial recycling operation. The data is from different vision systems and an eddy current system. The fusion methods included in the toolbox are fuzzy logic with triangular and Gaussian shaped membership functions, fuzzy measures with triangular and Gaussian shapes, Bayes' statistics, artificial neural networks, multivariate analysis (PCA), a knowledge-based system, and a neuro-fuzzy system.

Nyckelord
AC motors, DC motors, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy neural networks, Neural networks, Robot vision systems
Nationell ämneskategori
Teknik och teknologier
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-47112 (URN)10.1109/19.989918 (DOI)
Tillgänglig från: 2009-10-11 Skapad: 2009-10-11 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-16
Carlsson, B., Larson, G., Böttiger, B. & Svensson, L. Susceptibility to symptomatic sapovirus infection in Denmark is not associated with secretor or Lewis status.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Susceptibility to symptomatic sapovirus infection in Denmark is not associated with secretor or Lewis status
(Engelska)Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Background. Sapovirus (SaV) infections are increasing globally but there is no information available regarding factors determining susceptibility to SaV infections in the Caucasian population.

Methods. Saliva samples were collected from 64 individuals with sapovirus gastroenteritis in Denmark between October 2008 and November 2010. These were genotyped for the FUT2 G428A nonsense mutation (secretor status) and phenotyped for ABO and Lewis histo-blood groups.

Results. We found that neither secretor status nor Lewis phenotype, were associated with susceptibility to symptomatic infection with SaV. However, individuals of histo-blood groups B and AB had significantly lower risk to be infected (OR 0.18, p≤0.01 and OR 0.10, p<0.05, respectively). For 39 of the 64 SaV positive samples viral strains were genotyped and 41%, (16/39) belonged to genotype GI.2, 10% was GI.1 (4/39), 2.5% was GI.5 (1/39), 8% was GII.1 (3/39), 5% was GII.4 (2/39), 18% was GIV (7/39) and 15.5% was GV (6/39).

Conclusion. This is the first report investigating the role of host genetic factors in SaV susceptibility in the Caucasian population. We found a reduced risk of infection in individuals with blood group B (and AB), but no association to the FUT2 G428A nonsense mutation determining secretor status nor to the Lewis status.

Nyckelord
Sapovirus, disease susceptibility, fucosyltransferase II, histo-blood group
Nationell ämneskategori
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-76035 (URN)
Tillgänglig från: 2012-03-23 Skapad: 2012-03-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2012-03-23Bibliografiskt granskad
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