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Ljungberg, Anders
Publications (10 of 17) Show all publications
Jansson, J. O., Holmgren, J. & Ljungberg, A. (2015). Pricing public transport services. In: Chris Nash (Ed.), Handbook of research methods and applications in transport economics and policy: (pp. 260-308). Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Pricing public transport services
2015 (English)In: Handbook of research methods and applications in transport economics and policy / [ed] Chris Nash, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015, p. 260-308Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This chapter aims at outlining pricing policy for public transport that maximizes the social surplus, that is, the sum of the producer surplus and the consumer surplus, while internalizing possible system-external costs. It starts by presenting the door-to-door transport cost as a key concept in price theory for public transport, and then first principles of optimal pricing valid for all modes of public transport are laid down. These principles are applied to urban (short-distance) public transport in sections 13.2–13.5 and to inter-urban (long-distance) public transport in section 13.6. Section 13.7 summarizes the methodological conclusions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015
Keywords
economics and finance, transport, environment, research methods in the environment, transport, research methods, research methods in economics, research methods in the environment, urban and regional studies, research methods in urban and regional studies, transport, Kollektivtrafik
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-125188 (URN)10.4337/9780857937933.00022 (DOI)9780857937926 (ISBN)9780857937933 (ISBN)
Available from: 2016-02-15 Created: 2016-02-15 Last updated: 2016-04-13Bibliographically approved
Ljungberg, A. (2009). Staggered school hours to spread peak demand for public transport. Benefits and costs. International Journal of Transport Economics, 36(1), 141-160
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Staggered school hours to spread peak demand for public transport. Benefits and costs
2009 (English)In: International Journal of Transport Economics, ISSN 0303-5247, E-ISSN 1724-2185, Vol. 36, no 1, p. 141-160Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Pisa/Rome, Italy: Fabrizio Serra Editore, 2009
National Category
Social Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17702 (URN)10.1400/109331 (DOI)
Available from: 2009-04-16 Created: 2009-04-14 Last updated: 2017-12-13
Holmgren, J., Jansson, J. O. & Ljungberg, A. (2008). Public transport in towns: Inevitably on the decline?. Research in Transportation Economics, 23(1), 65-74
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Public transport in towns: Inevitably on the decline?
2008 (English)In: Research in Transportation Economics, ISSN 0739-8859, E-ISSN 1875-7979, Vol. 23, no 1, p. 65-74Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this article the post war development of public transport demand in the town of Linköping is explained using time series analysis. It is found that the dramatic increase in public transport demand between 1946 and 1983, at least in part, can be explained by the rapid increase in female labour force participation and the expansion of the city’s outer areas. After that, female labour force participation decreased slightly and the town expansion has stopped. Without these positive forces to counterbalance the rising levels of car ownership public transport demand has fallen by 71%. The effects of a policy change, including peak-load pricing, straighter bus routes, smaller bus size and staggered school hours, is analysed. It is found that the proposed package would increase public transport travel by 42 % compared to present policy.

Keywords
Public transport, Elasticity, Price, Service, Policy
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15625 (URN)10.1016/j.retrec.2008.10.011 (DOI)
Available from: 2008-11-21 Created: 2008-11-21 Last updated: 2017-12-14Bibliographically approved
Ljungberg, A. (2008). Utjämnade trafiktoppar med utspridd skolstart. In: Transportforum,2008.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Utjämnade trafiktoppar med utspridd skolstart
2008 (Swedish)In: Transportforum,2008, 2008Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

  

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-41875 (URN)59280 (Local ID)59280 (Archive number)59280 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10
Ljungberg, A. (2007). Kohandel minskar välfärden. Östgöta Correspondenten, 2007-01-09
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kohandel minskar välfärden
2007 (Swedish)In: Östgöta Correspondenten, ISSN 1104-0394, Vol. 2007-01-09Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-41873 (URN)59278 (Local ID)59278 (Archive number)59278 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10 Last updated: 2011-01-11
Jansson, J. O. & Ljungberg, A. (2007). Level and structure of optimal bus fares (1ed.). In: Rosário Macário, José Manuel Viegas, David A. Hensher (Ed.), Competition and Ownership in Land Passanger Transport: (pp. 373-392). Elsevier
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Level and structure of optimal bus fares
2007 (English)In: Competition and Ownership in Land Passanger Transport / [ed] Rosário Macário, José Manuel Viegas, David A. Hensher, Elsevier , 2007, 1, p. 373-392Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

   In one volume, this book brings together a selection of the best papers presented at the 9th International Conference series on Competition and Ownership of Land Passenger Transport (known as the Thredbo Series). Thredbo is a premier international event that brings together academics, government policy makers, politicians, consultants and public transport operators to review the international developments in the theme area. As the most important international conference in this field of expertise, the series has more than 120 papers of well known authors and practitioners of Land Transport. Best papers from previous conferences were published in "T& F journal" and "Transport Reviews". Papers are reviewed and revised appropriately to ensure high quality. This book takes a practical approach by focusing on real world examples

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2007 Edition: 1
Keywords
Optimal bus fares, Peak load pricing, Public transport, Transit
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-37141 (URN)33786 (Local ID)978-0-08-045095-7 (ISBN)0-080-45-095-4 (ISBN)33786 (Archive number)33786 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10 Last updated: 2013-08-15Bibliographically approved
Ljungberg, A. (2007). Lokal kollektivtrafik på samhällsekonomisk grundval. (Doctoral dissertation). Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Lokal kollektivtrafik på samhällsekonomisk grundval
2007 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Local public transport on the basis of social economic criteria
Abstract [sv]

Förutom i Stockholm uppvisar den lokala kollektivtrafiken en nedåtgående trend i trafikutvecklingen, trots en årlig subvention om 10 miljarder kronor. Drift av lokal kollektivtrafik i mindre och medelstora städer baserat på samhällsekonomiska kriterier skulle bl a medföra en prispolitik som kräver en subvention om drygt 50%. Att detta ungefär motsvarar rådande subventioneringsgrad är dock inte ett tecken på att kollektivtrafiken bedrivs på samhällsekonomisk grundval, eftersom det visar sig att prisstrukturen är grovt suboptimal. Vad gäller investeringspolitik framgår det dessutom av en enkätundersökning att trafikhuvudmännen inte använder samhällsekonomisk kalkyl (CBA) vid planering och drift av lokal kollektivtrafik, så syftet med avhandlingen är att visa på de möjligheter till förbättringar av den lokala kollektivtrafiken som skulle uppstå om den bedrevs på samhällsekonomisk grundval.

Operationaliseringen av teorin kräver först att några grundfrågor för en tillämpning av allmän välfärdsekonomisk teori på bedrivande av lokal kollektivtrafik benas upp. Det är väsentligt att göra en åtskillnad av utbudet av kollektiva transporttjänster mellan ett grundläggande utbud som är att betrakta som ”merit goods” och övrigt utbud där nyttan på normalt sätt mäts genom konsumenternas betalningsvilja.

I en omfattande fallstudie av den lokala kollektivtrafiken i Linköping exemplifieras vad effekten blir, dels av vissa utbudsförändringar, som har sållats fram i strävan mot systemoptimum, dels av ändamålsenlig efterfrågestyrning, och med CBA beräknas vad nettoresultatet kan tänkas bli. Om förbättringar som ger lika stor nettonytta som i Linköping kan göras hos flertalet andra trafikhuvudmän med en samhällsekonomisk ansats, skulle den totala nettonyttan aggregerad över hela Sverige vara betydligt större än vad vissa av de omskrivna jätteprojekten inom kollektivtrafiksektorn kan prestera.

Abstract [en]

Except in Stockholm, local public transport shows a declining trend in spite of an annual total subsidy from the County councils of 10 billion SEK. This is fair enough. Running local bus services in small and medium sized towns in accordance with welfare economic criteria implies among other things a pricing policy which requires subsidization just above 50%, which happens to be the same as the present degree of tax-financing. However, this is just a coincidence, and not a mark of optimality, because it is found that the structure of fares is clearly suboptimal. As regards investment policy it is furthermore confirmed by a questionnaire survey that neither the principals (the County councils) nor their agents (bus companies) use cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for the design of local public transport systems, so the purpose of the thesis is to demonstrate the potential improvements of public transport in small and medium sized towns run on the basis of welfare economics.

The operationalization of the welfare economic foundations requires some theoretical reorientation in the particular case of local public transport. A fundamental division of the supply is made between the “merit goods” part of total supply and the “normal goods” part, where benefit is measured by the individual willingness-to-pay.

In a case study of the bus transport system of Linköping a number of generally applicable minor improvements are found by the welfare economic approach, which aggregated to the national level would imply a total net benefit which more spectacular projects in the public transport sector rarely can present.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2007. p. 170 + bilagor 1-13
Series
Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences, ISSN 0282-9800 ; 411
Keywords
Local public transport, Cost-benefit analysis, Straighter bus-routes, Staggered school hours, Peak-load pricing, Zero fare, Lokal kollektivtrafik, Samhällsekonomisk kalkyl, Varierad skolstart, Optimal prissättning, Nolltaxa
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10095 (URN)978-91-85895-52-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2007-11-26, Case-salen, Hus A, Campus Valla, Linköpings universitet, Linköping, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2007-10-24 Created: 2007-10-24 Last updated: 2020-03-24Bibliographically approved
Ljungberg, A. (2007). Optimal bus transport financing - a cost-benefit analysis of zero fares policies in urban bus transport. In: Rosário Macário, José Manuel Viegas, David A. Hensher (Ed.), Competition and ownership in land passenger transport: (pp. 393-419). Elsevier
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Optimal bus transport financing - a cost-benefit analysis of zero fares policies in urban bus transport
2007 (English)In: Competition and ownership in land passenger transport / [ed] Rosário Macário, José Manuel Viegas, David A. Hensher, Elsevier , 2007, p. 393-419Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

  In one volume, this book brings together a selection of the best papers presented at the 9th International Conference series on Competition and Ownership of Land Passenger Transport (known as the Thredbo Series). Thredbo is a premier international event that brings together academics, government policy makers, politicians, consultants and public transport operators to review the international developments in the theme area. As the most important international conference in this field of expertise, the series has more than 120 papers of well known authors and practitioners of Land Transport. Best papers from previous conferences were published in "T& F journal" and "Transport Reviews". Papers are reviewed and revised appropriately to ensure high quality. This book takes a practical approach by focusing on real world examples.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2007
Keywords
CBA, Zero fare, Public transport, Bus.
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-37137 (URN)33778 (Local ID)978-0-08-045095-7 (ISBN)0-080-45-095-4 (ISBN)33778 (Archive number)33778 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10 Last updated: 2013-08-14Bibliographically approved
Ljungberg, A. (2007). Se på alternativ till Ostlänken?. Östgöta Correspondenten, 2007-02-21
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Se på alternativ till Ostlänken?
2007 (Swedish)In: Östgöta Correspondenten, ISSN 1104-0394, Vol. 2007-02-21Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Abstract [sv]

  

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-41871 (URN)59275 (Local ID)59275 (Archive number)59275 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10 Last updated: 2011-01-11
Ljungberg, A. (2007). Staggered School Hours to Spread Peak Demand - Benefits and Costs. In: Thredbo 10 Conference,2007.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Staggered School Hours to Spread Peak Demand - Benefits and Costs
2007 (English)In: Thredbo 10 Conference,2007, 2007Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-41849 (URN)59188 (Local ID)59188 (Archive number)59188 (OAI)
Available from: 2009-10-10 Created: 2009-10-10
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