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Rudner, Mary
Publications (10 of 287) Show all publications
Rudner, M., Heimann, M. & Holmer, E. (2022). Ease of Language Undestanding in deaf and hard of hearing children: Sign language and reading (1ed.). In: Ana Belén, Domínguez Gutiérrez-Mariana Valmaseda & Carmela Velasco Alonso (Ed.), Tendencias actuales en la investigación en lenguaje escrito y sordera: (pp. 87-101). Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ease of Language Undestanding in deaf and hard of hearing children: Sign language and reading
2022 (English)In: Tendencias actuales en la investigación en lenguaje escrito y sordera / [ed] Ana Belén, Domínguez Gutiérrez-Mariana Valmaseda & Carmela Velasco Alonso, Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca , 2022, 1, p. 87-101Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This is an empirical study, preceded by a corresponding review of the state of the art, to demonstrate that, as suggested by the notion of multimodal language processing in the ELU model, an intervention basedon training the connection between sign language and reading can be a very useful method to improve word reading among children who are def or hard of hearing who know sign language.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2022 Edition: 1
National Category
Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-193951 (URN)978-84-1311-760-7 (ISBN)
Available from: 2023-05-21 Created: 2023-05-21 Last updated: 2023-05-21
Rönnberg, J., Holmer, E. & Rudner, M. (2022). The Ease of Language Understanding Model. In: The Cambridge Handbook of Working Memory and Language: (pp. 197-218). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The Ease of Language Understanding Model
2022 (English)In: The Cambridge Handbook of Working Memory and Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022, p. 197-218Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

To conceptualize the communicative role of working memory (WM), the Ease-of-Language Understanding (ELU) model was proposed (e.g., Rönnberg, 2003; Rönnberg et al., 2008, 2013, 2019, 2020). The model states that ease of language understanding is determined by the speed and accuracy with which the signal is matched to existing multimodal language representations. When matching is fast and complete, language understanding is effortless; this process may be facilitated by predictions based on the contents of WM. However, when the contents of the language signal mismatches with existing representations, WM is triggered to access knowledge in semantic long-term memory (SLTM) and personal experience from episodic long-term memory (ELTM) – promoting inference-making and postdictions in WM. The interplay between WM and LTM is fundamental to language understanding; its efficiency becomes apparent in adverse conditions and its breakdown may explain cognitive decline and dementia. Empirical support, limitations, and future studies will be discussed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022
Series
Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics
National Category
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-188116 (URN)10.1017/9781108955638.013 (DOI)9781108955638 (ISBN)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-06092
Available from: 2022-09-05 Created: 2022-09-05 Last updated: 2022-10-24Bibliographically approved
Lyxell, B. & Rudner, M. (2021). Arbetsminne. In: Lisa Kilman, Josefine Andin, Håkan Hua, Jerker Rönnberg (Ed.), Leva som andra: Ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv på funktionsnedsättning och funktionshinder (pp. 257-274). Studentlitteratur AB
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Arbetsminne
2021 (Swedish)In: Leva som andra: Ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv på funktionsnedsättning och funktionshinder / [ed] Lisa Kilman, Josefine Andin, Håkan Hua, Jerker Rönnberg, Studentlitteratur AB, 2021, p. 257-274Chapter in book (Refereed)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Studentlitteratur AB, 2021
National Category
Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-188058 (URN)9789144121437 (ISBN)
Available from: 2022-09-02 Created: 2022-09-02 Last updated: 2023-02-16Bibliographically approved
Rönnberg, J., Holmer, E. & Rudner, M. (2021). Cognitive Hearing Science: Three Memory Systems, Two Approaches, and the Ease of Language Understanding Model. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64(2), 359-370
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Cognitive Hearing Science: Three Memory Systems, Two Approaches, and the Ease of Language Understanding Model
2021 (English)In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, ISSN 1558-9102, Vol. 64, no 2, p. 359-370Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to conceptualize the subtle balancing act between language input and prediction (cognitive priming of future input) to achieve understanding of communicated content. When understanding fails, reconstructive postdiction is initiated. Three memory systems play important roles: working memory (WM), episodic long-term memory (ELTM), and semantic long-term memory (SLTM). The axiom of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model is that explicit WM resources are invoked by a mismatch between language input—in the form of rapid automatic multimodal binding of phonology—and multimodal phonological and lexical representations in SLTM. However, if there is a match between rapid automatic multimodal binding of phonology output and SLTM/ELTM representations, language processing continues rapidly and implicitly.

Method and Results

In our first ELU approach, we focused on experimental manipulations of signal processing in hearing aids and background noise to cause a mismatch with LTM representations; both resulted in increased dependence on WM. Our second—and main approach relevant for this review article—focuses on the relative effects of age-related hearing loss on the three memory systems. According to the ELU, WM is predicted to be frequently occupied with reconstruction of what was actually heard, resulting in a relative disuse of phonological/lexical representations in the ELTM and SLTM systems. The prediction and results do not depend on test modality per se but rather on the particular memory system. This will be further discussed.

Conclusions

Related to the literature on ELTM decline as precursors of dementia and the fact that the risk for Alzheimer's disease increases substantially over time due to hearing loss, there is a possibility that lowered ELTM due to hearing loss and disuse may be part of the causal chain linking hearing loss and dementia. Future ELU research will focus on this possibility.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2021
National Category
Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173827 (URN)10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00007 (DOI)000671810000007 ()33439747 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-06092Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare
Note

Funding: Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2017-06092]; Linnaeus Centre HEAD - Swedish Research Council; FORTE: Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare

Available from: 2021-03-09 Created: 2021-03-09 Last updated: 2021-12-28
Carlie, J., Sahlén, B., Nirme, J., Andersson, K., Rudner, M., Johansson, R., . . . Brännström, K. J. (2021). Development of an Auditory Passage Comprehension Task for Swedish Primary School Children of Cultural and Linguistic Diversity. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 64(10), 3883-3893
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Development of an Auditory Passage Comprehension Task for Swedish Primary School Children of Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, ISSN 1092-4388, E-ISSN 1558-9102, Vol. 64, no 10, p. 3883-3893Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose This study reports on the development of an auditory passage comprehension task for Swedish primary school children of cultural and linguistic diversity. It also reports on their performance on the task in quiet and in noise. Method Eighty-eight children aged 7-9 years and showing normal hearing participated. The children were divided into three groups based on presumed language exposure: 13 children were categorized as Swedish-speaking monolinguals, 19 children were categorized as simultaneous bilinguals, and 56 children were categorized as sequential bilinguals. No significant difference in working memory capacity was seen between the three language groups. Two passages and associated multiple-choice questions were developed. During development of the passage comprehension task, steps were taken to reduce the impact of culture-specific prior experience and knowledge on performance. This was achieved by using the story grammar principles, universal topics and plots, and simple language that avoided complex or unusual grammatical structures and words. Results The findings indicate no significant difference between the two passages and similar response distributions. Passage comprehension performance was significantly better in quiet than in noise, regardless of language exposure group. The monolinguals outperformed both simultaneous and sequential bilinguals in both listening conditions. Conclusions Because the task was designed to minimize the effect of cultural knowledge on auditory passage comprehension, this suggests that compared with monolinguals, both simultaneous and sequential bilinguals have a disadvantage in auditory passage comprehension. As expected, the findings demonstrate that noise has a negative effect on auditory passage comprehension. The magnitude of this effect does not relate to language exposure. The developed auditory passage comprehension task seems suitable for assessing auditory passage comprehension in primary school children of linguistic and cultural diversity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2021
National Category
General Language Studies and Linguistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-185162 (URN)10.1044/2021_JSLHR-20-00611 (DOI)34491816 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85116817655 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2022-05-18 Created: 2022-05-18 Last updated: 2022-05-18Bibliographically approved
Rudner, M., Nilsson, K., Andin, J., Schönström, K. & Holmer, E. (2021). Teckenspråk och kognition. In: Håkan Hua, Lisa Kilman, Josefine Andin, Jerker Rönnberg (Ed.), Leva som andra: Ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv på funktionsnedsättning och funktionshinder (pp. 289-308). Lund: Studentlitteratur AB
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Teckenspråk och kognition
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2021 (Swedish)In: Leva som andra: Ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv på funktionsnedsättning och funktionshinder / [ed] Håkan Hua, Lisa Kilman, Josefine Andin, Jerker Rönnberg, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2021, p. 289-308Chapter in book (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2021
National Category
Social Sciences Interdisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178826 (URN)9789144121437 (ISBN)
Available from: 2021-08-31 Created: 2021-08-31 Last updated: 2023-12-28Bibliographically approved
Andin, J., Holmer, E., Krister, S. & Rudner, M. (2021). Working Memory for Signs with Poor Visual Resolution: fMRI Evidence of Reorganizationof Auditory Cortex in Deaf Signers. Cerebral Cortex, 31(7), 3165-3176
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Working Memory for Signs with Poor Visual Resolution: fMRI Evidence of Reorganizationof Auditory Cortex in Deaf Signers
2021 (English)In: Cerebral Cortex, ISSN 1047-3211, E-ISSN 1460-2199, Vol. 31, no 7, p. 3165-3176Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Stimulus degradation adds to working memory load during speech processing.We investigated whether this applies to signprocessing and, if so, whether the mechanism implicates secondary auditory cortex.We conducted an fMRI experimentwhere 16 deaf early signers (DES) and 22 hearing non-signers performed a sign-based n-back task with three load levels andstimuli presented at high and low resolution.We found decreased behavioral performance with increasing load anddecreasing visual resolution, but the neurobiological mechanisms involved differed between the two manipulations and didso for both groups. Importantly, while the load manipulation was, as predicted, accompanied by activation in thefrontoparietal working memory network, the resolution manipulation resulted in temporal and occipital activation.Furthermore, we found evidence of cross-modal reorganization in the secondary auditory cortex: DES had strongeractivation and stronger connectivity between this and several other regions.We conclude that load and stimulus resolutionhave different neural underpinnings in the visual–verbal domain, which has consequences for current working memorymodels, and that for DES the secondary auditory cortex is involved in the binding of representations when task demandsare low.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2021
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173699 (URN)10.1093/cercor/bhaa400 (DOI)000670805500001 ()33625498 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2015-00929
Note

Funding; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2015-00929]

Available from: 2021-03-02 Created: 2021-03-02 Last updated: 2023-12-28Bibliographically approved
Koch, F.-S., Sundqvist, A. (., Birberg Thornberg, U., Ullman, M. T., Barr, R., Rudner, M. & Heimann, M. (2020). Data and analysis script for infant and adult eye movement in an adapted ocular-motor serial reaction time task assessing procedural memory. Data in Brief, 29, Article ID 105108.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Data and analysis script for infant and adult eye movement in an adapted ocular-motor serial reaction time task assessing procedural memory
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2020 (English)In: Data in Brief, E-ISSN 2352-3409, Vol. 29, article id 105108Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article provides a description of eye movement data collected during an ocular-motor serial reaction time task. Raw gaze data files for 63 infants and 24 adults along with the data processing and analysis script for extracting saccade latencies, summarizing participants performance, and testing statistical differences, are hosted on Open Science Framework (OSF). Files (in Matlab format) available for download allow for replication of the results reported in "Procedural memory in infancy: Evidence from implicit sequence learning in an eye-tracking paradigm" [1]. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ELSEVIER, 2020
Keywords
Procedural memory; Infancy; Memory development; Sequence learning; Serial reaction time task; Eye-tracking; Saccade latency extraction
National Category
Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173999 (URN)10.1016/j.dib.2020.105108 (DOI)000529376400019 ()31993467 (PubMedID)
Note

Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet)Swedish Research Council [2016-01033]

Available from: 2021-03-16 Created: 2021-03-16 Last updated: 2021-12-29
Holmer, E. & Rudner, M. (2020). Developmental ease of language understanding model and literacy acquisition: evidence from deaf and hard-of-hearing signing children. In: Qiuying Y. Wang and Jean F. Andrews (Ed.), Literacy and deaf education: toward a global understanding (pp. 153-173). Washington D.C: Gallaudet University Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Developmental ease of language understanding model and literacy acquisition: evidence from deaf and hard-of-hearing signing children
2020 (English)In: Literacy and deaf education: toward a global understanding / [ed] Qiuying Y. Wang and Jean F. Andrews, Washington D.C: Gallaudet University Press, 2020, p. 153-173Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [sv]

In our research on deaf signing children, most of the work is conducted in a swedish context, where we adopt a bio-psychological approach. From a medical point of view, it might be easier to determine the level of hearing loss following an established nomenclature: for example, mild, moderate, moderate severe, severe, and profound. Based on a medical definition of disabling hearing loss, estimated that almost 2% of all the children in the world, corresponding to more than 30 million individuals, are affected.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Washington D.C: Gallaudet University Press, 2020
Keywords
Barn med hörselskada
National Category
Learning
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178823 (URN)1944838678 (ISBN)9781944838676 (ISBN)
Available from: 2021-08-31 Created: 2021-08-31 Last updated: 2021-12-14Bibliographically approved
Holmer, E., Rudner, M. & Andin, J. (2020). Evidence of an Effect of Gaming Experience on Visuospatial Attention in Deaf but Not in Hearing Individuals. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article ID 534741.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Evidence of an Effect of Gaming Experience on Visuospatial Attention in Deaf but Not in Hearing Individuals
2020 (English)In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 11, article id 534741Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Auditory cortex in congenitally deaf early sign language users reorganizes to support cognitive processing in the visual domain. However, evidence suggests that the potential benefits of this reorganization are largely unrealized. At the same time, there is growing evidence that experience of playing computer and console games improves visual cognition, in particular visuospatial attentional processes. In the present study, we investigated in a group of deaf early signers whether those who reported recently playing computer or console games (deaf gamers) had better visuospatial attentional control than those who reported not playing such games (deaf non-gamers), and whether any such effect was related to cognitive processing in the visual domain. Using a classic test of attentional control, the Eriksen Flanker task, we found that deaf gamers performed on a par with hearing controls, while the performance of deaf non-gamers was poorer. Among hearing controls there was no effect of gaming. This suggests that deaf gamers may have better visuospatial attentional control than deaf non-gamers, probably because they are less susceptible to parafoveal distractions. Future work should examine the robustness of this potential gaming benefit and whether it is associated with neural plasticity in early deaf signers, as well as whether gaming intervention can improve visuospatial cognition in deaf people.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lausanne: Frontiers Media S.A., 2020
Keywords
deafness, sign language, visuospatial attention, executive function, gaming
National Category
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170772 (URN)10.3389/fpsyg.2020.534741 (DOI)000583854800001 ()33192776 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2015-00929
Available from: 2020-10-21 Created: 2020-10-21 Last updated: 2023-12-28Bibliographically approved
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