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Bertills, K. & Björk, M. (2024). Can a student using an electric wheelchair get an A in a regular PE-class?. In: : . Paper presented at International Association for Physical Education in Higher Education AIESEP, 2024, Jyväskylä.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Can a student using an electric wheelchair get an A in a regular PE-class?
2024 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Background

Norms of ableism and values of a physically fit body make some students vulnerable to prejudice in General Physical Education (GPE). Physical performance is valued before knowledge about physical activity when grading. Studies show that student’s with disability are academically and socially more successful if included in regular mainstream schooling. Adaptations necessary to facilitate inclusive education also benefit peers without disability. Teaching students with disability in GPE classes is everyday practice for Swedish PE teachers. This study describes how PE teachers teach to be able to grade students with disability in GPE.

Methods

Nine experienced physical educators teaching students with disability in secondary school GPE were interviewed in two focus groups. Qualitative content analysis was used to interpret meaning from the data. The analysis revealed two categories, using systematic teaching strategies and trying to regulate expectations.

Results

Grading students with disability with the same standardized grading criteria for all students is difficult. Skills and abilities are to be graded, but a conflicting issue is what causes what, is the disability causing actual limits to the performance or is the performance an outcome of achieved skills (nonskills). Irrespective of disability or non-disability, the PE teachers use systematic teaching strategies to collect assessment-based information. To be able to grade students with disability they set up long-term plans and provide opportunities to practice skills that are to be graded. To regulate students’ expectations, they communicate grading criteria by illustrating differences between grade levels. Adapting activities that can provide information for assessment teachers try to focus on what the student can do rather than on what they cannot do due to their restricted functional skills. Teachers agree that students with disability often overachieve. Grading students with disability, students’ theoretical knowledge about physical activity may compensate for documented physical restrictions.

Discussion

A competitive high-stakes grading system works against the strive for equity in inclusive education. Grading is subjective and equity is largely dependent on teachers’ knowledge about what to grade and their understanding of what causes what, i.e., ability versus disability. All students are graded in relation to the same fixed set of criteria and student progress should be mirrored in higher grades. However, further challenges are added to students with restricted functional skills to reach higher grades in PE, since the disability limits the advancement of physical performance. Grading of students with disability is unfair. To show student progress grading criteria should comply with adapted and feasible standards that fit individual abilities of students with disabilities.

Keywords
Inclusive Physical Education, teaching strategies, grading, disability
National Category
Didactics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-206211 (URN)
Conference
International Association for Physical Education in Higher Education AIESEP, 2024, Jyväskylä
Available from: 2024-08-12 Created: 2024-08-12 Last updated: 2024-09-19Bibliographically approved
Bertills, K. & Yngvesson, M. (2024). ”Det finns nycklar till alla!”: Om idrottslärares arbete på anpassad grundskola. Idrott & hälsa, 6, 8-9
Open this publication in new window or tab >>”Det finns nycklar till alla!”: Om idrottslärares arbete på anpassad grundskola
2024 (Swedish)In: Idrott & hälsa, ISSN 1653-1124, Vol. 6, p. 8-9Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Abstract [sv]

Elever med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning har rätt till undervisning på anpassad grundskola. Att ha nedsatt intellektuell förmåga innebär bland annat att möjligheterna till fysisk aktivitet på fritiden är begränsade. Idrottslärare på anpassad grundskola har ett särskilt viktigt uppdrag med speciella utmaningar för att erbjuda en stimulerande lärmiljö, det vill säga en plats där elever får möjlighet att träna och utveckla allsidiga rörelser och samtidigt dela känslor och upplevelser genom fysisk aktivitet tillsammans med klasskompisar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Jonsson & Carlsson Produktionsförlag AB, 2024
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210517 (URN)
Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-17 Last updated: 2025-02-11
Bertills, K. & Björk, M. (2024). Facilitating regular Physical Education for students with disability—PE teachers' views. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 6, Article ID 1400192.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Facilitating regular Physical Education for students with disability—PE teachers' views
2024 (English)In: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, E-ISSN 2624-9367, Vol. 6, article id 1400192Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction: The objective of this study is to describe how Physical Education (PE) teachers work to facilitate participation for students with disability in compulsory, mainstream inclusive, secondary school. Inclusive school-based Physical Education (PE) is an important context for students to share the benefits of physical activities with peers, especially for students with disability whose opportunities for participation in extracurricular physical activity are limited.

Methods: Two focus group interviews were performed with eight experienced PE teachers who teach students with disability in regular PE. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. Two themes emerged, the importance of having a structured and welcoming environment and the need to adapt the PE environment.

Results: Student mastery experiences is emphasized and achieved by teaching approaches encouraging peer collaboration before physical performance and competition. Key aspects to participation for students with disabilities are inclusive mindsets, proper preparation, and adaptations. Special arrangements when participation in-class is not possible require regular and close teacher-student communication and, when needed, additional support.

Discussion: Experiences of participation are important matters for further advancement of equality and social inclusion for students with disability. Schools need to develop support structures to provide students with disability with “real-life” experiences that optimize participation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2024
Keywords
participation; inclusion; physical education; disability; secondary school
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-206190 (URN)10.3389/fspor.2024.1400192 (DOI)001290193500001 ()39144156 (PubMedID)
Funder
Stiftelsen Sunnerdahls Handikappfond, 413/14
Note

Funding Agencies|Stiftelsen Sunnerdahls Handikappfond10.13039/501100008588

Available from: 2024-08-12 Created: 2024-08-12 Last updated: 2024-09-09
Bertills, K., Vallthell, T. & Svensson Legnemark, M. (2024). ”Jag ser inte syftet med att ha idrott faktiskt”: Elevers tankar om idrottsundervisningen på gymnasieskolans yrkesprogram. Idrott & hälsa, 6, 6-7
Open this publication in new window or tab >>”Jag ser inte syftet med att ha idrott faktiskt”: Elevers tankar om idrottsundervisningen på gymnasieskolans yrkesprogram
2024 (Swedish)In: Idrott & hälsa, ISSN 1653-1124, Vol. 6, p. 6-7Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Abstract [sv]

Allt fler elever på gymnasieskolans yrkesprogram når inte godkänt betyg i idrott och hälsa. Elever med betyget F tycker det är viktigt med fysisk aktivitet men ser inte någon mening med idrottsundervisningen. Eleverna efterfrågar en tydligare förankring i det kommande yrket och mer stöd och anpassningar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Jonsson & Carlsson Produktionsförlag AB, 2024
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210516 (URN)
Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-17 Last updated: 2025-02-11
Lago, L., Bertills, K. & Elvstrand, H. (2024). Mina tillgängliga vuxna: Gästredaktionell introduktion. Venue, 27
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Mina tillgängliga vuxna: Gästredaktionell introduktion
2024 (Swedish)In: Venue, E-ISSN 2001-788X, Vol. 27Article in journal, Editorial material (Other academic) Published
Abstract [sv]

Denna text ingår i ett temanummer om ULF-projektet Tillgängliga lärmiljöer. I denna ram-text beskrivs arbetssätt och gemensamma resultat från projektet som visar hur relationen mellan skolans vuxna och elever är central för skolans sociala tillgänglighet vilket i sin tur ses som viktigt för elevers lärande.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024
Keywords
Aktionsforskning, ULF, Tillgängliga lärmiljöer, lärar-elev-relationer, social tillgänglighet, skolutveckling, mellanstadiet
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210543 (URN)10.3384/venue.2001-788x.5342 (DOI)
Available from: 2024-12-18 Created: 2024-12-18 Last updated: 2024-12-19
Bertills, K., Elvstrand, H. & Lago, L. (2024). Praktiknära forskning och skolutveckling – en modell för samverkan. Venue, 26
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Praktiknära forskning och skolutveckling – en modell för samverkan
2024 (Swedish)In: Venue, E-ISSN 2001-788X, Vol. 26Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Artikeln beskriver arbetsprocessen i det praktiknära forskningsprojektet tillgängliga lärmiljöer med fokus på skolans sociala miljö. Projektet består av sex olika lokala skolprojekt och är inspirerat av aktionsforskning. I artikeln diskuteras styrkor, utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer i en arbetsprocess som sker i växelverkan mellan ett övergripande forskningsprojekt och olika skolutvecklingsprojekt.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024
Keywords
Aktionsforskning, Skolutveckling, Modell av arbetsprocessen, Framgångsfaktorer
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210552 (URN)10.3384/venue.2001-788X.5478 (DOI)
Available from: 2024-12-19 Created: 2024-12-19 Last updated: 2024-12-19
Bertills, K. (2023). Att anpassa idrottsundervisningen – Hur ska vi göra för att du ska kunna vara med?. Idrott & hälsa, 1, 7-8
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Att anpassa idrottsundervisningen – Hur ska vi göra för att du ska kunna vara med?
2023 (Swedish)In: Idrott & hälsa, ISSN 1653-1124, Vol. 1, p. 7-8Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Jonsson & Carlsson Produktionsförlag AB, 2023
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-192618 (URN)
Available from: 2023-03-23 Created: 2023-03-23 Last updated: 2025-02-11
Bertills, K. (2023). Att anpassa idrottsundervisningen: Hur ska vi göra för att du ska kunna vara med?. In: : . Paper presented at Nationell konferens i pedagogiskt arbete, 2023, Norrköping.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Att anpassa idrottsundervisningen: Hur ska vi göra för att du ska kunna vara med?
2023 (Swedish)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Syfte

Idrott och hälsa i grundskolan är ett ämne där lärande sker genom rörelse och i samspel med klasskamrater. Möjligheter till fysisk aktivitet på fritiden är begränsad för elever med funktionsnedsättning och idrott och hälsa är därför särskilt viktig för dessa elever. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lärare i idrott och hälsa anpassar undervisningen så att elever med funktionsnedsättning ska uppleva delaktighet på idrottslektionerna.

Teori

Upplevelse av delaktighet hos personer med funktionsnedsättning kan underlättas eller försvåras beroende på personens begränsade vardagsfungerande, men också på faktorer i omgivningen. I enlighet med ett biopsykosocialt synsätt används fem principer för att diskutera hur lärarna anpassar sina lektioner: möjlighet, tillgänglighet, anpassning, värde och acceptans.

Metod

Två fokusintervjuer genomfördes med åtta erfarna idrottslärare, fyra manliga och fyra kvinnliga, som undervisade elever med olika typer av funktionsnedsättningar i åk 7-9. Intervjuerna analyserades och kan sammanfattas i två teman, vikten av att ha en strukturerad och välkomnande miljö, samt behovet av att anpassa undervisningsmiljön.  

Resultat

Lärarna framhåller vikten av använda ett arbetssätt där samarbete mellan eleverna uppmuntras för att utveckla rörelseförmågor och lyckas lösa olika uppgifter, istället för ett arbetssätt där fysisk prestation och tävling belönas. Centrala aspekter för att elever med funktionsnedsättning ska kunna delta och uppleva delaktighet i idrott och hälsa är ett inkluderande tankesätt, regelbunden och nära kommunikation, noggranna förberedelser, förtydligade instruktioner och kontinuerliga anpassningar. 

Slutsats

Lärarna har goda avsikter att inkludera elever med funktionsnedsättning i idrottsundervisningen, men det finns begränsningar, hos individen eller i omgivningen. När delaktighet på idrottslektionen inte är möjlig samtalar lärarna med eleven och eventuell resurspersonal för att hitta alternativa och meningsfulla lösningar. Långsiktiga planer i nära och regelbunden kommunikation mellan lärare och elev gör att elever med funktionsnedsättning känner sig trygga och förhindrar stigmatisering vid sådana tillfällen. 

National Category
Didactics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-206833 (URN)
Conference
Nationell konferens i pedagogiskt arbete, 2023, Norrköping
Available from: 2024-08-23 Created: 2024-08-23 Last updated: 2024-08-23
Bertills, K. (2023). Inclusion of children with physical restrictions in out-of-the classroom activities. In: H. Santoshi, B. Rashida, & D. Shakila (Ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Inclusive Education for Teacher Educators: (pp. 456-466). Taylor & Francis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Inclusion of children with physical restrictions in out-of-the classroom activities
2023 (English)In: The Routledge Handbook of Inclusive Education for Teacher Educators / [ed] H. Santoshi, B. Rashida, & D. Shakila, Taylor & Francis, 2023, p. 456-466Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Opportunity and ability to join in are features that impact the participation of children with disabilities. Attendance is a prerequisite for participation, but simply integrating students with disability into mainstream schooling does not automatically mean that the student experiences the feeling of being included. Students with disabilities report participation barriers in out-of-classroom activities related to environmental aspects of availability and accessibility. Also, barriers related to teacher’s knowledge and attitudes, class size, personal shortage, and scheduling. School is a place to gain academic knowledge, but also social and emotional skills for life. Inclusive compulsory education provides opportunities for all students to engage in their own learning. Inclusive education is therefore an important context for children with disabilities to share participatory benefits with peers. To meet specific needs of diverse learners, special support such as environmental adjustments, contextual modifications and individual assistance need to be provided. In everyday classroom practices this means an attitudinal shift towards adapting the environment to accommodate the learner, rather than for the learner to adapt to the teaching. For learning to take place, not only are attendance and engagement important, but the activity also needs to be perceived as meaningful. Meaningful learning experiences can be achieved when a choice between inclusive and segregated learning environments is provided. Another important aspect that positively affects inclusion is interaction with peers. Peer interaction is enabled when support is provided whenever needed. This chapter focuses on aspects of successful inclusion of students with physical disabilities in activities outside the classroom.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2023
Keywords
participation, disability, inclusion, school, physical education
National Category
Didactics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-206825 (URN)10.4324/9781003266068-31 (DOI)9781003266068 (ISBN)
Available from: 2024-08-22 Created: 2024-08-22 Last updated: 2024-09-17Bibliographically approved
Bertills, K. (2022). Inclusive Physical Education (PE) environments – PE teachers’ views on how they facilitate participation for students with disabilities. In: : . Paper presented at CAPA 2022 “Capturing the Magic – Participation for all”, Beitostølen, Norway, 13-15 September, 2022.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Inclusive Physical Education (PE) environments – PE teachers’ views on how they facilitate participation for students with disabilities
2022 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation only (Other academic)
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-192619 (URN)
Conference
CAPA 2022 “Capturing the Magic – Participation for all”, Beitostølen, Norway, 13-15 September, 2022
Available from: 2023-03-23 Created: 2023-03-23 Last updated: 2023-03-31Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-6971-9430

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