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Phosphorus retention in surface-flow constructed wetlands targeting agricultural drainage water
Aarhus Univ, Denmark.
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0722-6083
Aarhus Univ, Denmark.
Aarhus Univ, Denmark.
2018 (English)In: Ecological Engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology, ISSN 0925-8574, E-ISSN 1872-6992, Vol. 120, p. 94-103Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Surface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs) are potential cost-efficient solutions to mitigate phosphorus (P) loads from agricultural areas to surface waters. Hydraulic and phosphorus loading rates (HLR and PLR) are critical parameters that regulate P retention in these systems. The present study aimed to assess P retention from agricultural drainage discharge by three new CWs in Denmark during three years. The CWs presented different geologies, and received event-driven drainage discharge. The relations of HLR, PLR, dominant P forms, and iron (Fe) inputs to P retention were also investigated. The drainage discharge varied seasonally and average annual HLR ranged from 17 to 60 m yr(-1) for the three CWs. PLR varied concomitantly to HLR with average annual PLR from 2.8 to 13.5 g m(-2) yr(-1), where specific total P (TP) retention followed its variations. Specific TP retention responded differently to HLR and PLR in the CWs, depending on the dominant P forms at the inlet water. The CWs worked as P sinks and presented similar or higher retentions than other Nordic CWs with similar loads. PLR explained most of the variation in specific TP retention (52-72%), whereas HLR only explained 20-34%. Specific TP retention responded more promptly to PLR when the inlet water was dominated by particulate P (PP), since it is more easily retained than dissolved P. TP retention efficiency varied more irregularly and the annual retention ranged from 24 to 66%. It presented weak correlations to HLR and PLR, and depended on the dominant P forms and major retention mechanisms, as well as P biogeochemical stability. Thus, increasing TP retention efficiency occurred under higher stability of sediment bound P, as supported by higher total Fe:PP molar ratios at the inlet water. The supply of P sorbents by drainage discharge, soil redox conditions and Fe:P molar ratios are considered key parameters controlling the biogeochemical stability of P, and thus the long-term P retention performance in CWs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV , 2018. Vol. 120, p. 94-103
Keywords [en]
Surface-flow constructed wetland; Phosphorus; Hydraulic loading rate; Phosphorus loading rate; Specific total phosphorus retention; Total phosphorus retention efficiency
National Category
Water Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-151784DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.05.022ISI: 000444614500012OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-151784DiVA, id: diva2:1254024
Note

Funding Agencies|Danish Strategic Research Council [09-067280]; GUDP [3405-10-0142]; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil [BEX 9717/13-7]

Available from: 2018-10-08 Created: 2018-10-08 Last updated: 2018-10-08

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