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Den konstanta oron [The constant anxiety]: Barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa i svensk dagspress 1968–2008 [Child and young peoples mental illness in the Swedish daily press 1968-2008]
Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Department of Child Studies. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0968-5734
Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Department of Child Studies. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1833-5506
2020 (Swedish)In: Scandia, ISSN 0036-5483, Vol. 86, no 2, p. 32-59Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In the last decade, poor mental health among children and young people has been a recurrent topic of discussion in Swedish media. These discus­sions have predominately been characterized by both a dystopic tone and a presentism that, combined, has led to a framing of the situation as worse than ever and in need of immediate solutions. Based on an analysis of articles in Swedish daily newspapers from 1968 to 2008, we show in this article that alarming articles on the mental health of Swedish children and young people have, in fact, appeared frequently throughout these four decades and that these articles, regardless of year of publication, presented similar statistics over how many children and young people suffered from poor mental health. Alarms and concerns about the poor mental health of children and young people thus have a longer history than what is often claimed by contemporary actors. Nevertheless, we could also discern several important shifts over the years. In the early decades, the discussions revolved around the concepts of psychological disorders and psychological problems, while poor mental health became central during the latter part of the time period. However, more specific psychological and psychiatric terms, such as anxiety and psychosomatic symptoms, were more stable and did not really change to any significant extent over the years. Moreover, the set of actors involved in the discussion expanded and diversified over time, with civil society organizations in particular taking a more prominent place. To conclude, we argue that the consensus and consistency among the actors over time may be due to how the issue was framed in quantitative, descriptive and epide­miological terms, as this avoided any theoretically charged debates over the etiology and categorization of disorders, a question that has otherwise had a quite turbulent history in child psychiatry and psychology and which has divided experts and professionals. The discussions have also offered certain self-understandings to the public, including a normalizing conception of poor mental health presenting such problems as a transient condition that could possibly afflict any child or young person.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lund, Sweden: Scandia , 2020. Vol. 86, no 2, p. 32-59
Keywords [sv]
psykologi, psykiatri, barn, unga, barndom, media, historia, psykisk ohälsa
National Category
History Peace and Conflict Studies Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172537ISI: 000612477700003OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-172537DiVA, id: diva2:1516607
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2014-0925Available from: 2021-01-12 Created: 2021-01-12 Last updated: 2025-02-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Den offentliga ohälsan: En historisk studie av barnpsykologi och -psykiatri i svensk media 1968-2008
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Den offentliga ohälsan: En historisk studie av barnpsykologi och -psykiatri i svensk media 1968-2008
2020 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Svenska barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa har blivit en omdiskuterad fråga i den svenska offentligheten med rapporter och studier som visat på en tilltagande ohälsa. Samtidigt har kritiska röster i media menat att den uppfattade ökningen bland annat berott på förändrade diagnostiska kriterier och normer gällande hälsa och ohälsa. Media har därmed utgjort en viktig arena för påståenden om, förklaringar av och argumentationer kring barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa.

I den här avhandlingen granskas diskussionerna i svensk media om barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa ur ett historiskt perspektiv genom att belysa hur barnpsy-experter och -professionella såsom psykologer, psykiatrer och terapeuter har diskuterat, definierat och förklarat barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa. Materialet som undersöks är utgåvor publicerade under olika delar av tidsperioden 1968–2008 av svensk dagspress samt den svenska föräldratidningen Vi Föräldrar. Avhandlingens teoretiska och analytiska ramverk har utformats utifrån Aktör-nätverksteori.

Analysen visar att mediediskussionerna om barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa inbegripit flera former av barnpsy-expertis, med skilda definitioner, förklaringar och uppfattningar gällande psykisk ohälsa, och som därtill skiftat över tid och mellan medieformat. Dessa har omfattat allt från en alarmistisk inramning av barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa till en hållning där nästan alla uppfattade problem framställdes som normala och övergående inslag i barns utveckling.

Snarare än att se psykisk ohälsa bland barn och unga som ett över olika kontexter enhetligt och sammanhängande fenomen illustrerar avhandlingens resultat nödvändigheten att förstå mediediskussionerna om, och oron över, barns och ungas psykiska ohälsa mot bakgrund av specifika, och historiskt skiftande, former av barnpsy-expertis. Inte minst eftersom olika former av barnpsy-expertis kan ha viktiga konsekvenser för hur såväl föräldrar som barn och unga själva begripliggör psykisk ohälsa.

Abstract [en]

The mental ill-health of Swedish children and young people has become a hotly debated issue in the Swedish public sphere, with reports and studies showing an increase in ill-health. At the same time, critical voices have argued that the perceived increase is, among other things, due to changing diagnostic criteria and health norms. Media has thereby been an important arena for explanations of and arguments about the mental ill-health of children and young people.

In this dissertation, the media discussions on the mental ill-health of Swedish children and young people are examined from an historical perspective, with a focus on how “child psy” experts and professionals such as psychologists and therapists discussed, defined and explained children’s and young people’s mental ill-health. The material consists of issues published during the years 1968–2008 of Swedish daily newspapers as well as of the Swedish parenting magazine Vi Föräldrar [Us Parents]. The thesis's theoretical framework and analytical orientation draw primarily on Actor-network theory.

The analyses show that the media discussions on the mental ill-health of children and young people encompassed several forms of “child psy” expertise. These included different definitions, explanations and notions regarding mental ill-health and ranged from an alarmist framing of children's and young people's mental health to an attitude where almost all perceived problems were interpreted as normal, healthy and transient aspects of children's development.

Rather than seeing mental ill-health among children and young people as a coherent phenomenon that is stable across contexts, the dissertation illustrates the need to understand the media discussions, and the concerns about, the mental ill-health of children and young people in the light of specific, and historically changing, forms of “child psy” expertise. Especially as different forms of “child psy” expertise can have important consequences for how parents, children and young people themselves understand mental ill-health.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2020. p. 94
Series
Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences, ISSN 0282-9800 ; 781
Keywords
child psychology, child psychiatry, expertise, experts, media, actor-network theory, history of science, child studies, public debate, public sphere, history of childhood, barnpsykologi, barnpsykiatri, media, dagstidningar, föräldratidning, expertis, aktör-nätverksteori, experter, vetenskapshistoria, barnstudier, samhällsdebatt, offentlighet, barndomshistoria
National Category
History
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-163096 (URN)10.3384/diss.diva-163096 (DOI)9789179299194 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-02-14, Vallfarten, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:15 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-01-13 Created: 2020-01-13 Last updated: 2021-02-02Bibliographically approved

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Skagius, PeterZetterqvist Nelson, Karin

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