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Structure and Properties of Perovskite SrTiO3 and Na0.5K0.5NbO3 Thin Films Fabricated by rf Magnetron Sputtering
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Measurement Technology, Biology and Chemistry. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
1998 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)Alternative title
Structure and Properties of Perovskite SrTiO3 and Na0.5K0.5NbO3 Thin Films Fabricated by rf Magnetron Sputtering (English)
Abstract [en]

Functional oxide thin films are getting more and more attention due to their unique dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, magnetic, superconducting properties. This thesis focuses on the growth, compositional control, and structure-property relationships of SrTiO3 and Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films. These films were prepared by rf reactive magnetron sputtering. Structure-property investigations were performed by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, high resolution x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy methods, and dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric measurements. Information from the structure­property relationship studies was then used as input to improve the quality and properties of the thin-layers. High quality SrTiO3 and Na0.5K0.5NbO3 films suitable fortunable microwave dielectric components were developed. SrTiO3 thin films with relatively high dielectric constant were also deposited on commercial substrates for the goal of integrating by-pass capacitors into multi-module chips. Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films were also studied for the technological goal of fabricating piezoelectric sensors. The relative materials performance characteristics of these films under important operational variables as devices were also tested.

Epitaxial (001) orientated SrTiO3 films have been deposited on LaA1O3(001) substrates using off-axis sputtering. Stoichiometric targets yielded 20 % Sr-deficient films, whereas Sr-enriched targets (Sr1.1 Ti0.9O3.0) resulted in stoichiometric films. For stoichiometric SrTiO3 film the domain structure of the substrate was exactly copied into the film as revealed by the ω-ω/20 map and ω-Φ maps. On the other hand Sr deficient film exhibited a large degree of mosaicity. The lattice parameters of the stoichiometric films were also smaller than the Sr-deficient ones and closer to the bulk value. The dielectric properties of the stoichiometric films were superior to the Sr-deficient films.

To further investigate the influence of deposition conditions on film composition and structure, SrTiO3 thin films have also been grown on LaA1O3(001) byon-axis sputtering. Epitaxial growth of SrTiO3 films on LaA1O3(001) single crystal substrates has been realized at growth temperatures as low as 350 °C. In the growth temperature range below 350 °C, films are polycrystalline showing three different orientations (100), (110), and (111).

Utilizing high dielectric constant thin film for integrated capacitors is one important factor in downsizing microelectronic devices and systems. In the present work SrTiO3 thin films have been grown on Cu-coated glass fiber laminate substrates at ambient temperature. The obtained films have low crystallinity. The dielectric constants of the films were found to spread between 40-70 and the dissipation factors decreased with frequency down to 8x10-4 at 1 MHz.

Room temperature tunable dielectric thin films are attractive for many types ofmicrowave components in telecommunication industry. For this purpose Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films have been grown on LaA1O3(001) substrates. XRD showed that the films are epitaxial of good quality (mosaic broadening as narrow as 0.044°). The dielectric properties of these interdigital capacitors were measured at 1 MHz from roomtemperature down to 50 K. The capacitor showed a high tunability (35 %) at room temperature and a low loss tangent of 0.007 without de bias applied.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University , 1998. , p. 70
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 557
National Category
Inorganic Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-181849Libris ID: 7624230ISBN: 9172193778 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-181849DiVA, id: diva2:1620278
Public defence
1998-12-17, Planck (J206), Fysikhuset, Linköpings universitet, Linköping, 10:15
Opponent
Note

All or some of the partial works included in the dissertation are not registered in DIVA and therefore not linked in this post.

Available from: 2021-12-15 Created: 2021-12-15 Last updated: 2021-12-21Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Composition, structure, and dielectric tunability of epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Composition, structure, and dielectric tunability of epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering
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1999 (English)In: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, ISSN 0734-2101, E-ISSN 1520-8559, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 564-570Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Epitaxial (001) oriented SrTiO3 films have been deposited on LaAlO3(001) substrates by off-axis radio frequency magnetron sputtering in Ar:O-2 gas mixtures at substrate temperatures ranging from 650 to 850 degrees C. For the deposition conditions used, stoichiometric targets yielded 20% Sr-deficient films, whereas Sr-enriched targets (Sr1.1TiO0.9O3.0) resulted in stoichiometric films. The Sr-deficient films had a mosaic structure and a larger lattice parameter in comparison to bulk SrTiO3. The stoichiometric films on the other hand had a much higher crystalline quality in the as-deposited condition. The mosaicity of the latter films was primarily limited by the crystalline quality of the LaAlO3 substrates. The lattice parameters of the stoichiometric films were also smaller than the Sr-deficient ones and closer to the bulk value. The dielectric properties of the stoichiometric films were superior to the Sr-deficient films. For films with a thickness of similar to 300 nm, the typical dielectric constants as measured at similar to 77 K and I MHz were determined to be 820 and 500, for the stoichiometric and Sr-deficient films, respectively. Also the capacitance change, as a direct current bias voltage was applied to an interdigital capacitor, was higher for the stoichiometric film, 27.3% as compared to 8.6% when applying a bias of 300 V at 77 K. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of thermal annealing in improving both crystalline quality and dielectric properties, especially for the Sr-deficient films. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-2101(99)010002-7].

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Institute of Physics (AIP), 1999
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105975 (URN)10.1116/1.581619 (DOI)
Available from: 2014-04-16 Created: 2014-04-15 Last updated: 2021-12-15Bibliographically approved
2. Growth of SrTiO3 thin films on LaAlO3(001) substrates, the influence of growth temperature on composition, orientation, and surface morphology
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Growth of SrTiO3 thin films on LaAlO3(001) substrates, the influence of growth temperature on composition, orientation, and surface morphology
2000 (English)In: Thin Solid Films, ISSN 0040-6090, E-ISSN 1879-2731, Vol. 360, no 1-2, p. 181-186Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

SrTiO3 films have been grown on LaAlO3(001) single crystal substrates using rf-sputtering. The substrates were held at temperatures ranging from 100 to 850°C. For growth temperatures as low as 350°C epitaxial growth is observed. Below 350°C the films are polycrystalline and three different orientations (100), (110), and (111) can be observed using X-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy shows that films deposited at temperatures below 350°C and above 650°C are smooth while the surfaces of the films made at intermediate temperatures are rough and faceted. As growth temperatures decrease below 250°C, the films show decreasing amount of Sr.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-47703 (URN)10.1016/S0040-6090(99)01099-8 (DOI)
Available from: 2009-10-11 Created: 2009-10-11 Last updated: 2021-12-15
3. Growth and characterization of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films on polycrystalline Pt80Ir20 substrates
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Growth and characterization of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films on polycrystalline Pt80Ir20 substrates
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2002 (English)In: Journal of Materials Research, ISSN 0884-2914, E-ISSN 2044-5326, Vol. 17, no 5, p. 1183-1191Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films have been deposited onto textured polycrystalline Pt80Ir20 substrates using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Films were grown in off- and on-axis positions relative to the target at growth temperatures of 500-700 degreesC and sputtering pressures of 1-7 Pa. The deposited films were found to be textured, displaying a mixture of two orientations (001) and (101). Films grown on-axis showed a prefered (001) orientation, while the off-axis films had a (101) orientation. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the morphology of the films was dependent on the substrate position and sputtering pressure. The low-frequency (10 kHz) dielectric constants of the films were found to be in the range of approximately 490-590. Hydrostatic piezoelectric measurements showed that the films were piezoelectric in the as-deposited form with a constant up to 14.5 pC/N.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-48918 (URN)
Available from: 2009-10-11 Created: 2009-10-11 Last updated: 2021-12-15

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