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In-situ Wilhelmy balance surface energy determination of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) during electrochemical doping-dedoping
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Sensor Science and Molecular Physics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1639-5735
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
2006 (English)In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 22, no 22, p. 9287-9294Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Changes in the contact angle between conjugated polymers surface poly(3-hexylthiophene) [P3HT] and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) upon electrochemical doping−dedoping in aqueous electrolyte were determined in situ using a Wilhelmy plate tensiometer in an electrochemical cell. The hydrophobic P3HT was less hydrophobic in the oxidized state than in the neutral state; the more hydrophilic PEDOT was less hydrophilic in the oxidized state than when neutral. The tensiometry results were in good agreement with those measured by contact angle goniometry, and further corroborated by the capillary rise upon doping in a fluid cell with two parallel polymer coated plates, another in situ dynamic determination method. The contact angle changes depend on doping potential, electrolyte type, and concentration. We also deconvoluted the surface energy into components of van der Waals and acid−base interactions, using three probe liquids on the polymer surfaces, ex situ the electrochemical cell. The methods and the obtained results are relevant for the science and technology areas of printed electronics and electrochemical devices and for the understanding of surface energy modification by electrochemical doping.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2006. Vol. 22, no 22, p. 9287-9294
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-13886DOI: 10.1021/la061606pOAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-13886DiVA, id: diva2:22128
Available from: 2006-07-07 Created: 2006-07-07 Last updated: 2018-10-08
In thesis
1. Surface Energy Patterning and Optoelectronic Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Surface Energy Patterning and Optoelectronic Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers
2006 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The work presented in this thesis concerns surface energy modification and patterning of the surfaces of conjugated polymers. Goniometry and Wilhelmy Balance techniques were used to evaluate the surface energy or wettability of a polymer’s surface; infrared reflectionabsorption spectroscopy (IRAS) was used to analyse the residuals on the surface as modified by a bare elastomeric stamp poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The stamp was found to be capable of modifying a polymer surface. Patterning of a single and/or double layer of conjugated polymers on the surface can be achieved by surface energy controlled dewetting. Modification of a conjugated polymer film can also be carried out when a sample is subjected to electrochemical doping in an aqueous electrolyte. The dynamic surface energy changes during the process were monitored in-situ using the Wilhelmy balance method.

This thesis also concerns studies of conjugated polymer-based optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), that generate light by injecting charge into the active polymer layer, and solar cells (PSCs), that create electrical power by absorbing and then converting solar photons into electron/hole pairs. A phosphorescent metal complex was doped into polythiophene to fabricate PLEDs. The energy transfer from the host polymer to the guest phosphorescent metal (iridium and platinum) complex was studied using photoluminescence and electroluminescence measurements performed at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperature. PSCs were prepared using low-bandgap polyfluorene copolymers as an electron donor blended with several fullerene derivatives acting as electron acceptors. Energetic match is the main issue affecting efficient charge transfer at the interface between the polymers and the fullerene derivatives, and therefore the performance of the PSCs. Photoluminescence, luminescence quenching and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) together with the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the active materials in the devices were studied. A newly synthesized fullerene, that could match the low-bandgap polymers, was selected and used as electron acceptor in the PSCs. Photovoltaic properties of these PSCs were characterised, demonstrating one of the most efficient polymer:fullerene SCs that generate photocurrent at 1 μm.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2006
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 996
Keywords
Surface energy modification, Patterning, Dewetting, Conjugated polymer, plastic solar cell, Low bandgap, Electron acceptors and donors
National Category
Physical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7065 (URN)91-85497-00-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2006-03-10, Planck, Fysikhuset, Campus Valla, Linköpings universitet, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

On the day of the defence the status of article number III was Manuscript and article VII was Accepted.

Available from: 2006-07-07 Created: 2006-07-07 Last updated: 2020-03-24

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Wang, XiangjunEderth, ThomasInganäs, Olle

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