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Apoptosis in rectal carcinoma: Prognosis and recurrence after preoperative radiotherapy
Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1253-1901
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2001 (English)In: Cancer, ISSN 0008-543X, E-ISSN 1097-0142, Vol. 91, no 10, p. 1870-1875Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Rectal carcinoma is common, with considerable local recurrence and death rates. Preoperative radiotherapy and refined surgical techniques can improve local control. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between apoptosis and the outcome of rectal carcinoma, with and without short-term preoperative radiotherapy.

METHODS: Specimens were from 162 patients from the Southeast Swedish Health Care region included in the Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial between 1987-1990. New sections from the paraffin blocks of the preoperative biopsies and the surgical specimens were examined for apoptosis using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method.

RESULTS: The mean percentage of apoptotic cells was 0.3% (0-4%) and 1.1% (0-14.5%) for the preoperative biopsy and the surgical specimen, respectively. The authors analyzed the surgical specimens from nonirradiated patients and divided them into three groups by apoptotic index (AI) as follows: 0%, 0-1%, and > 1%. A high AI was associated with a decreased local recurrence rate compared with an intermediate or a low AI (P = 0.024). There was no significant relation between AI and survival. There was a significant reduction in the local recurrence rate for irradiated patients compared with the nonirradiated in the low (P = 0.015) and intermediate (P = 0.038) AI groups. In the high AI group, there were few recurrences and no significant difference was observed between irradiated and nonirradiated patients. The relative risk of death from rectal carcinoma in Dukes A-C patients was not significantly decreased by radiotherapy, but, in the intermediate AI group, there was a trend (P = 0.08) in favor of the irradiated patients.

CONCLUSION: A high AI in rectal carcinoma indicated a decreased local recurrence rate.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2001. Vol. 91, no 10, p. 1870-1875
Keywords [en]
apoptosis, rectal carcinoma, radiotherapy, local failure, disease-free survival
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-24825DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010515)91:10<1870::AID-CNCR1208>3.0.CO;2-1Local ID: 9222OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-24825DiVA, id: diva2:245147
Available from: 2009-10-07 Created: 2009-10-07 Last updated: 2024-01-10Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Indicators of colorectal cancer prognosis and response to preoperative radiotherapy
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Indicators of colorectal cancer prognosis and response to preoperative radiotherapy
2000 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Colorectal cancer is one of the three most common malignant diseases in Sweden, with about 5,000 new cases each year. Thirty-five percent of these are rectal cancer, for which local recurrence after surgery has been a serious problem. The five-year survival rate in colorectal cancer has improved from about 40% in 1960 to 55% in 1995. Adjuvant chemotherapy of colon cancer, preoperative radiotherapy and improved surgical techniques in rectal cancer have contributed to the improved  results. To select patients best suited for pre- or postoperative therapy, we need indicators of both prognosis and response to therapy.

Using antibodies against cytokeratin, we found that 39% of patients with colorectal carcinoma that had penetrated the muscularis propria but without lymph-node metastases by routine light microscopy, had got micrometastases. Survival among patients with micrometastases was not significantly different from that among patients without such metastases.

We also identified subsets of tumour-infiltrating mononuclear cells and studied their pattern of distribution in relation to regressive tumour areas and Dukes class. Our interpretation is that the subsets of tumourinfiltrating mononuclear cells change with advancing Dukes class, indicating gradual deterioration of the local immune control.

We also investigated the interaction between p53, Ki-67, apoptosis and the outcome in rectal cancer with and without short-term preoperative radiotherapy. The expression of nuclear p53 protein seemed to be a significant predictive factor for local treatment failure after preoperative radiotherapy. Low tumour cell proliferation measured with Ki-67 in the preoperative biopsy correlated with improved local control and disease-free survival after preoperative radiotherapy.

High apoptotic index was associated with improved local control of rectal cancer even without pre-operative radiotherapy, whereas local control of tumours with low and intermediate apoptotic index was significantly improved by preoperative radiotherapy.

In conclusion, micrometastases in regional lymph nodes are an interesting phenomenon but with limited prognostic value. The subsets of tumour-infiltrating mononuclear cells change with advancing Dukes class, and its seems that the local immune control is gradually broken down. In rectal cancer, p53 expression, tumour proliferation measured with Ki-67 and apoptotic index seem to be interesting indicators of rectal cancer prognosis and response to preoperative radiotherapy.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2000. p. 53
Series
Linköping University Medical Dissertations, ISSN 0345-0082 ; 626
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-25542 (URN)9989 (Local ID)91-7219-583-5 (ISBN)9989 (Archive number)9989 (OAI)
Public defence
2000-05-12, Onkologens föreläsningssal, Hälsouniversitetet, Campus US, Linköpings Universitet, Linköping, 09:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Available from: 2009-10-07 Created: 2009-10-07 Last updated: 2012-08-10Bibliographically approved

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Adell, Gunnar C. E.Zhang, HongEvertsson, SofiaSun, Xiao-FengStål, OlleNordenskjöld, Bo

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