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Apolipoprotein A-I–Derived Amyloid in Atherosclerosis: Its Association With Plasma Levels of Apolipoprotein A-I and Cholesterol
Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Department of Medicine, Högland Hospital, Eksjö.
Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Department of Surgery, Högland Hospital, Eksjö.
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2001 (English)In: American Journal of Clinical Pathology, ISSN 0002-9173, E-ISSN 1943-7722, Vol. 115, p. 298-303Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Wild-type apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I)–derived amyloid commonly occurs in atherosclerotic plaques. To clarify apo A-I amyloid formation, plasma levels of apo A-I and cholesterol were related to the presence of amyloid in atherosclerotic plaques in 15 patients with peripheral atherosclerosis, subjected to arterial reconstruction. Plasma levels of apo A-I and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were slightly higher in patients with apo A-I–derived amyloid than in those without, but the difference was not significant. Levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were significantly higher in the group with amyloid. High concentrations of apo A-I in the arterial intima are probably of greater importance to amyloid formation than high plasma levels of the protein. During atherosclerosis, the acute phase reactant serum amyloid A may displace apo A-I from HDL, leading to increased concentration of lipid-free apo A-I in the intima and conformational changes of apo A-I, which make it more fibrillogenic. Some forms of amyloid fibrils have been shown to be cytotoxic. Apo AI–derived amyloid is possibly a pathogenically important factor in atherosclerosis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2001. Vol. 115, p. 298-303
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-25965Local ID: 10413OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-25965DiVA, id: diva2:246513
Available from: 2009-10-08 Created: 2009-10-08 Last updated: 2017-12-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Apolipoprotein A-1 derived amyloid in the atherosclerotic intima of the human aorta
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Apolipoprotein A-1 derived amyloid in the atherosclerotic intima of the human aorta
2000 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Amyloid is insoluble fibrillar protein deposited in the extracellular space. The resulting heterogeneous group of disorders, amyloidosis, can be sporadic or hereditary, and the amyloid is systemically distributed or localized in single organs. Systemic hereditary amyloidoses are disorders caused by mutant forms of plasma proteins such as transthyretin (TTR) or less frequently, apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-1), the major protein in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Local deposition of amyloid associated with aging may be pathogenically important in Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes. Localized amyloid in the medial and intimal layer of the aorta, commonly found in elderly humans, is of unknown sigoificance. The aim of this work was to investigate the nature of amyloid in the atherosclerotic intima of the human aorta, its fibrillogenesis and potential pathogenic importance. Two biochemically different forms of localized amyloid deposits in the aorta were identified; one affecting the atherosclerotic plaques of the intima and the other the media. Amyloid fibrils from the media has subse quently been found to consist of a protein fragment derived from lactadherin. Purified amyloid protein from atherosclerotic plaques of aortas in utopsy cases was shown by amino acid sequence analysis to be derived from apo A-1. Apo A-1 derived amyloid was immunohistochemically confirmed in 14% of 72 autopsy cases. A mutation was found in the apo A-1 gene (Δ Lys 1 07) in one of the 9 cases with intimal amyloid. Thus wild type, as well as mutant apo A-1, is amyloidogenic in humans. There was a tendency towards higher plasma levels of apo A-1 in patients with apo A-1 derived amyloid who underwent arterial reconstruction, compared to those without amyloid (p= 0.055). Levels of LDL- and total cholesterol were higher in the group with amyloid. Atherosclerosis induces high concentration of the acute phase reactant SAA in atherosclerotic lesions. SAA may displace apo A-1 from HDL, which, in addition to high levels of plasma apo A-1, could lead to an increased concentration oflipid free apo A-1 in the intima. Conformational changes in apo A-1 are then induced, making it more prone to fibril formation. Since some forms of amyloid fibrils are known to be cytotoxic, apo A-1 derived amyloid may contribute to the injury caused by other factors in atherosclerotic lesions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2000. p. 74
Series
Linköping University Medical Dissertations, ISSN 0345-0082 ; 636
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-28611 (URN)13766 (Local ID)91-7219-737-4 (ISBN)13766 (Archive number)13766 (OAI)
Public defence
2000-09-15, Berzeliussalen, Hälsouniversitetet, Linköping, 09:00 (Swedish)
Available from: 2009-10-09 Created: 2009-10-09 Last updated: 2012-08-13Bibliographically approved

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