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Spatially Controlled Amyloid Reactions Using Organic Electronics
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0302-226X
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9845-446X
Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biochemistry. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5827-3587
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5154-0291
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2010 (English)In: SMALL, ISSN 1613-6810, Vol. 6, no 19, p. 2153-2161Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Abnormal protein aggregates, so called amyloid fibrils, are mainly known as pathological hallmarks of a wide range of diseases, but in addition these robust well-ordered self-assembled natural nanostructures can also be utilized for creating distinct nanomaterials for bioelectronic devices. However, current methods for producing amyloid fibrils in vitro offer no spatial control. Herein, we demonstrate a new way to produce and spatially control the assembly of amyloid-like structures using an organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) to pump distinct cations to a reservoir containing a negatively charged polypeptide. The morphology and kinetics of the created proteinaceous nanomaterials depends on the ion and current used, which we leveraged to create layers incorporating different conjugated thiophene derivatives, one fluorescent (p-FTAA) and one conducting (PEDOT-S). We anticipate that this new application for the OEIP will be useful for both biological studies of amyloid assembly and fibrillogenesis as well as for creating new bioelectronic nanomaterials and devices.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley and Sons, Ltd , 2010. Vol. 6, no 19, p. 2153-2161
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-61175DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001157ISI: 000283274100013OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-61175DiVA, id: diva2:361043
Available from: 2010-11-08 Created: 2010-11-05 Last updated: 2018-04-25
In thesis
1. Ionic Circuits for Transduction of Electronic Signals into Biological Stimuli
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ionic Circuits for Transduction of Electronic Signals into Biological Stimuli
2012 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Modern electronics has revolutionized the way information is processed and stored in our society. In health care and in biology it is of great interest to utilize technology to regulate physiology and to control the signaling pathways. Therefore, the coupling of electronic signals to biological functions is of great importance to many fields within the life sciences. In addition to the conventional inorganic electronics, a new branch of electronics based on organic materials has emerged during the last three decades. Some of these organic materials are very attractive for interacting with living systems since they are soft, flexible and have benevolent chemical properties.

This thesis is focused on the development of ionic circuits for transduction of electronic signals into biological stimuli. By developing such an intermediate system technology between traditional electronics and biology, signals with chemical specificity may be controlled and addressed electronically. First, a technology is described that enables direct conversion of electronic signals into ionic ones by the use biocompatible conductive polymer electrodes. The ionic bio-signals are transported in lateral channel configurations on plastic chips and precise spatiotemporal delivery of neurotransmitter, to regulate signaling in cultured neuronal cells, is demonstrated. Then, in order to achieve more advanced ionic circuit functionality, ion bipolar junction transistors were developed. These ion transistors comprise three terminals, in which a small ion current through one terminal modulates a larger ion current between the other two terminals. The devices are functional at physiological salt concentrations and are utilized to modulate neurotransmitter delivery to control Ca2+ signaling in neuronal cells. Finally, by integrating two types of transistors into the same chip, complementary NOT and NAND ion logic gates were realized for the first time. Together, the findings presented in this thesis lay the groundwork for more complex ionic circuits, such as matrix addressable delivery circuits, in which dispensing of chemical and biological signals can be directed at high spatiotemporal resolution.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2012. p. 60
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 1460
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80390 (URN)978-91-7519-857-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2012-09-21, K3, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping, Linköpings universitet, Linköping, 11:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2012-08-24 Created: 2012-08-24 Last updated: 2019-12-10Bibliographically approved
2. Monopolar and Bipolar Membranes in Organic Bioelectronic Devices
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Monopolar and Bipolar Membranes in Organic Bioelectronic Devices
2014 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In the 1970s it was discovered that organic polymers, a class of materials otherwise best know as insulating plastics, could be made electronically conductive. As an alternative to silicon semiconductors, organic polymers offer many novel features, characteristics, and opportunities, such as producing electronics at low costs using printing techniques, using organic chemistry to tune optical and electronic properties, and mechanical flexibility. The conducting organic polymers have been used in a vast array of devices, exemplified by organic transistors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells. Due to their softness, biocompatibility, and combined electronic and ionic transport, organic electronic materials are also well suited as the active material in bioelectronic applications, a scientific and engineering area in which electronics interface with biology. The coupling of ions and electrons is especially interesting, as ions serve as signal carriers in all living organisms, thus offering a direct translation of electronic and ionic signals. To further enable complex control of ionic fluxes, organic electronic materials can be integrated with various ionic components, such as ion-conducting diodes and transistors.

This thesis reports a background to the field of organic bioelectronic and ionic devices, and also presents the integration of ionic functions into organic bioelectronic devices. First, an electrophoretic drug delivery device is presented, capable of delivering ions at high spatiotemporal resolution. The device, called the organic electronic ion pump, is used to electronically control amyloid-like aggregation kinetics and morphology of peptides, and offers an interesting method for studying amyloids in vitro. Second, various ion-conducting diodes based on bipolar membranes are described. These diodes show high rectification ratio, i.e. conduct ions better for positive than for negative applied voltage. Simple ion diode based circuits, such as an AND gate and a full-wave rectifier, are also reported. The AND gate is intended as an addressable pH pixel to regulate for example amyloid aggregation, while the full-wave rectifier decouples the electrochemical capacity of an electrode from the amount of ionic charge it can generate. Third, an ion transistor, also based on bipolar membranes, is presented. This transistor can amplify and control ionic currents, and is suitable for building complex ionic logic circuits. Together, these results provide a basic toolbox of ionic components that is suitable for building more complex and/or implantable organic bioelectronic devices.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2014. p. 76
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 1620
Keywords
bioelectronics, ionic, ion transport;bipolar membrane, conjugated polymer, amyloid, self-assembly
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-110406 (URN)10.3384/diss.diva-110406 (DOI)978-91-7519-244-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2014-10-10, K2, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping, Linköpings Universitet, Norrköping, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2014-09-10 Created: 2014-09-10 Last updated: 2019-11-19Bibliographically approved

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Gabrielsson, Erik OTybrandt, KlasHammarström, PerBerggren, MagnusNilsson, Peter

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