The aim of this study was to identify physicians' and nurses' perceptions of military pre-hospital emergency care before and after an international mission. A qualitative empirical study with a phenomenographic approach was used. The results after pre-deployment traing can be categorised as 1) learning about military medicine and 2) taking care of the casualty. The results after an international mission can be categorised as 1) collaborating with others 2) providing general health care and 3) improving competence in military medicine. The results indicate that the training should be developed in order to optimise pre-deployment training for physicians and nurses. This may result in increased safety for the provider of care, while at the same time minimising suffering and enhancing the possibility of survival of the injured.