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Dynamic Scene Graph: Enabling Scaling, Positioning, and Navigation in the Universe
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
NYU, NY 10003 USA.
NYU, NY 10003 USA.
Amer Museum Nat Hist, NY 10024 USA.
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2017 (English)In: Computer graphics forum (Print), ISSN 0167-7055, E-ISSN 1467-8659, Vol. 36, no 3, p. 459-468Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this work, we address the challenge of seamlessly visualizing astronomical data exhibiting huge scale differences in distance, size, and resolution. One of the difficulties is accurate, fast, and dynamic positioning and navigation to enable scaling over orders of magnitude, far beyond the precision of floating point arithmetic. To this end we propose a method that utilizes a dynamically assigned frame of reference to provide the highest possible numerical precision for all salient objects in a scene graph. This makes it possible to smoothly navigate and interactively render, for example, surface structures on Mars and the Milky Way simultaneously. Our work is based on an analysis of tracking and quantification of the propagation of precision errors through the computer graphics pipeline using interval arithmetic. Furthermore, we identify sources of precision degradation, leading to incorrect object positions in screen-space and z-fighting. Our proposed method operates without near and far planes while maintaining high depth precision through the use of floating point depth buffers. By providing interoperability with order-independent transparency algorithms, direct volume rendering, and stereoscopy, our approach is well suited for scientific visualization. We provide the mathematical background, a thorough description of the method, and a reference implementation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
WILEY , 2017. Vol. 36, no 3, p. 459-468
National Category
Computer Vision and Robotics (Autonomous Systems)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139628DOI: 10.1111/cgf.13202ISI: 000404881200042OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-139628DiVA, id: diva2:1133716
Conference
19th Eurographics/IEEE VGTC Conference on Visualization (EuroVis)
Note

Funding Agencies|Swedish e-Science Research Center (SeRC); NASA [NNX16AB93A]; Moore-Sloan Data Science Environment at NYU; NSF [CNS-1229185, CCF-1533564, CNS-1544753]

Available from: 2017-08-16 Created: 2017-08-16 Last updated: 2018-05-21
In thesis
1. Tailoring visualization applications for tasks and users
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Tailoring visualization applications for tasks and users
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Exponential increases in available computational resources over the recent decades have fueled an information explosion in almost every scientific field. This has led to a societal change shifting from an information-poor research environment to an over-abundance of information. As many of these cases involve too much information to directly comprehend, visualization proves to be an effective tool to gain insight into these large datasets. While visualization has been used since the beginning of mankind, its importance is only increasing as the exponential information growth widens the difference between the amount of gathered data and the relatively constant human ability to ingest information. Visualization, as a methodology and tool of transforming complex data into an intuitive visual representation can leverage the combined computational resources and the human cognitive capabilities in order to mitigate this growing discrepancy.

A large portion of visualization research is, directly or indirectly, targets users in an application domain, such as medicine, biology, physics, or others. Applied research is aimed at the creation of visualization applications or systems that solve a specific problem within the domain. Combining prior research and applying it to a concrete problem enables the possibility to compare and determine the usability and usefulness of existing visualization techniques. These applications can only be effective when the domain experts are closely involved in the design process, leading to an iterative workflow that informs its form and function. These visualization solutions can be separated into three categories: Exploration, in which users perform an initial study of data, Analysis, in which an established technique is repeatedly applied to a large number of datasets, and Communication in which findings are published to a wider public audience.

This thesis presents five examples of application development in finite element modeling, medicine, urban search & rescue, and astronomy and astrophysics. For the finite element modeling, an exploration tool for simulations of stress tensors in a human heart uses a compression method to achieve interactive frame rates. In the medical domain, an analysis system aimed at guiding surgeons during Deep Brain Stimulation interventions fuses multiple modalities in order to improve their outcome. A second analysis application is targeted at the Urban Search & Rescue community supporting the extraction of injured victims and enabling a more sophisticated decision making strategy. For the astronomical domain, first, an exploration application enables the analysis of time-varying volumetric plasma simulations to improving these simulations and thus better predict space weather. A final system focusses on combining all three categories into a single application that enables the same tools to be used for Exploration, Analysis, and Communication, thus requiring the handling of large coordinate systems, and high-fidelity rendering of planetary surfaces and spacecraft operations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2018. p. 87
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 1940
National Category
Other Computer and Information Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147975 (URN)10.3384/diss.diva-147975 (DOI)9789176852910 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-06-15, Domteatern, Visualiseringscenter C, Kungsgatan 54, Campus Norrköping, Norrköping, 08:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-05-21 Created: 2018-05-21 Last updated: 2019-09-26Bibliographically approved

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Axelsson, EmilBock, AlexanderYnnerman, Anders
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