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Relations between implementation of new treatments and improved outcomes in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction during the last 20 years: experiences from SWEDEHEART registry 1995 to 2014
Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Karolinska Univ Hosp, Sweden.
Uppsala Univ, Sweden.
Uppsala Univ, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
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2018 (English)In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 39, no 42, p. 3766-3776Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Aims We assessed the changes in short- and long-term outcomes and their relation to implementation of new evidence- based treatments in all patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in Sweden over 20 years. Methods and results Cases with NSTEMI (n = 205 693) between 1995 and 2014 were included from the nationwide Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) registry. During 20 years in-hospital invasive procedures increased from 1.9% to 73.2%, percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting 6.5% to 58.1%, dual antiplatelet medication 0% to 72.7%, statins 13.3% to 85.6%, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blocker 36.8% to 75.5%. The standardized 1-year mortality ratio compared with a control population decreased from 5.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.30-5.75] to 3.03 (95% CI 2.89-3.19). If patients admitted the first 2 years were modelled to receive the same invasive treatments as the last 2 years the expected mortality/ myocardial infarction (MI) rate would be reduced from 33.0% to 25.0%. After adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, the change of 1-year cardiovascular death/MI corresponded to a linearly decreasing odds ratio trend of 0.930 (95% CI 0.926-0.935) per 2-year period. This trend was substantially attenuated [0.970 (95% CI 0.964-0.975)] after adjusting for changes in coronary interventions, and almost eliminated [0.988 (95% CI 0.982-0.994)] after also adjusting for changes in discharge medications. Conclusion In NSTEMI patients during the last 20 years, there has been a substantial improvement in long-term survival and re- duction in the risk of new cardiovascular events. These improvements seem mainly explained by the gradual uptake and widespread use of in-hospital coronary interventions and evidence-based long-term medications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
OXFORD UNIV PRESS , 2018. Vol. 39, no 42, p. 3766-3776
Keywords [en]
Registry; Myocardial infarction; Time-trends; Outcomes
National Category
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-153170DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy554ISI: 000450054600007PubMedID: 30239671OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-153170DiVA, id: diva2:1267319
Note

Funding Agencies|Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; Stockholm County Council

Available from: 2018-12-01 Created: 2018-12-01 Last updated: 2018-12-01

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Alfredsson, Joakim
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Division of Cardiovascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of Cardiology in Linköping
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