The focus of this paper is the organisation of vocational adult education on upper secondary level in Sweden, and specifically the process of marketization that has taken place here since the late 1990s. Swedish adult education on this level, including vocational as well as theoretical courses, is organised by the local municipality, but with national governing policies including a national curriculum. However, the courses and programmes per se are not necessarily organised by the municipality itself. There is a widespread system of procurement, which means that courses could also be organized by varying other providers, typically private training companies. That is, there are both private and public providers, but the training is paid for by the municipality, which also decides who will be admitted to different courses and has a responsibility for the quality assurance.