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Antipsychotic use and risk of life-threatening medical events: umbrella review of observational studies
Univ Verona, Italy.
Univ Verona, Italy.
Univ Verona, Italy.
McMaster Univ, Canada.
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2019 (English)In: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-690X, E-ISSN 1600-0447, Vol. 140, no 3, p. 227-243Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objective To quantify the risk of hip fracture, thromboembolism, stroke, myocardial infarction, pneumonia and sudden cardiac death associated with exposure to antipsychotics. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in Medline, Embase and PsycINFO from inception until 30/07/2018 for systematic reviews of observational studies. AMSTAR-2 was used for the quality assessment of systematic reviews, while the strength of associations was measured using GRADE and quantitative umbrella review criteria (URC). Results Sixty-eight observational studies from six systematic reviews were included. The association between antipsychotic exposure and pneumonia was the strongest [URC = class I; GRADE = low quality; odds ratio (OR) = 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.62-2.09; participants = 28 726; age = 76.2 +/- 12.3 years], followed by the association with hip fracture (URC = class II; GRADE = low quality; OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.42-1.74; participants = 5 288 118; age = 55.4 +/- 12.5 years), and thromboembolism (URC = class II; GRADE = very low quality; OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.31-1.83; participants = 31 417 175; age = 55.5 +/- 3.2 years). The association was weak for stroke (URC = class III; GRADE = very low quality; OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.24-1.70; participants = 65 700; age = 68.7 +/- 13.8 years), sudden cardiac death (URC = class III; GRADE = very low quality; OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.45-3.46; participants = 77 488; age = 52.2 +/- 6.2 years) and myocardial infarction (URC = class III; GRADE = very low quality; OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.41-3.46; participants = 399 868; age = 74.1 +/- 9.3 years). Conclusion The most robust results were found for the risk of pneumonia, followed by the risk of hip fracture and thromboembolism. For stroke, sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction, the strength of association was weak. The observational nature of the primary studies may represent a source of bias.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
WILEY , 2019. Vol. 140, no 3, p. 227-243
Keywords [en]
antipsychotics; side effects; pharmacoepidemiology; methodology
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159722DOI: 10.1111/acps.13066ISI: 000479347800001PubMedID: 31264708OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-159722DiVA, id: diva2:1343829
Available from: 2019-08-19 Created: 2019-08-19 Last updated: 2020-04-08

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Dragioti, Elena
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Division of Community MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesPain and Rehabilitation Center
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