Background. Chronic pain is a growing public health concern affecting 1.5 million people in Canada. In particular, it is a concern among the expanding immigrant population, as immigrant groups report higher pain intensity than non-immigrants. In 2011, the Indian population became the largest visible minority group, and continues to be the fastest growing. While the prevalence of chronic pain among Canadian-Indians is unknown, research has found a higher prevalence among Indian women than men in India, Malaysia, Singapore and the United Kingdom, with women reporting more severe pain. An understanding of how pain is experienced by this particular group is, therefore, important for providing culturally-sensitive care. 

Aims. This study explores the lived experiences of chronic pain among immigrant Indian women in Canada. 

Methods. Thirteen immigrant Indian women participated in a one-on-one interview exploring daily experiences of chronic pain. 

Results. Using thematic analysis informed by van Manen’s phenomenology of practice, four themes emerged: (1) the body in pain, (2) pain in the context of lived and felt space, (3) pain and relationships and (4) pain and time. Women revealed their experiences were shaped by gender roles and expectations enforced through culture. Specifically, a ‘dual gender-role’ was identified after immigration, in which women had to balance traditional household responsibilities of family labour and care, alongside employment outside the home, exacerbating pain. 

Conclusions. This research uncovers the multifaceted nature of chronic pain and identifies factors within the socio-cultural context which may place particular groups of women more at risk of living with pain.