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Energy Efficiency of the Cell-Free Massive MIMO Uplink with Optimal Uniform Quantization
Institute for Communication Systems, Home of the 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, United Kingdom.
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, United Kingdom.
School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom.
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2019 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, E-ISSN 2473-2400, Vol. 3, no 4, p. 971-987, article id 8781848Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A cell-free Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink is considered, where the access points (APs) are connected to a central processing unit (CPU) through limited-capacity wireless microwave links. The quantized version of the weighted signals are available at the CPU, by exploiting the Bussgang decomposition to model the effect of quantization. A closed-form expression for spectral efficiency is derived taking into account the effects of channel estimation error and quantization distortion. The energy efficiency maximization problem is considered with per-user power, backhaul capacity and throughput requirement constraints. To solve this non-convex problem, we decouple the original problem into two sub-problems, namely, receiver filter coefficient design, and power allocation. The receiver filter coefficient design is formulated as a generalized eigenvalue problem whereas a successive convex approximation (SCA) and a heuristic sub-optimal scheme are exploited to convert the power allocation problem into a standard geometric programming (GP) problem. An iterative algorithm is proposed to alternately solve each sub-problem. Complexity analysis and convergence of the proposed schemes are investigated. Numerical results indicate the superiority of the proposed algorithms over the case of equal power allocation. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2019. Vol. 3, no 4, p. 971-987, article id 8781848
Keywords [en]
Bussgang decomposition; Cell-free massive MIMO; convex optimization; energy efficiency; generalized eigenvalue problem; geometric programming
National Category
Signal Processing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-169767DOI: 10.1109/TGCN.2019.2932071ISI: 000722213900009Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85070378130OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-169767DiVA, id: diva2:1468894
Note

Funding Agency:H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015; 10.13039/100014013-UK Research and Innovation; 10.13039/501100004359-Vetenskapsrådet; 10.13039/501100000266-Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council;

Available from: 2020-09-18 Created: 2020-09-18 Last updated: 2024-10-04

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Citation style
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