A 70-Year Industrial Electronics Society Evolution Through Industrial Revolutions: The Rise and Flourishing of Information and Communication TechnologiesShow others and affiliations
2021 (English)In: IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, ISSN 1932-4529, E-ISSN 1941-0115, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 115-126Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The Industrial Revolution, which originally involved the change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to a market dominated by factory mechanization during the early 18th century, has profoundly shaped the world. It has progressed through four disruptive phases: Industry 1.0 through Industry 4.0. Industry 1.0 encompassed early automation, while Industry 2.0 began at the end of the 19th century, when enormous technological advances were made, such as mass production, electrification, and new modes of transportation. Industry 3.0 began during the 1970s, a decade that gave rise to the electronics, telecommunications, and computing that enable full automation and robotics. Industry 4.0 kicked off at the dawn of the third millennium, marked by the ubiquitous use of Internet technologies, which have radically transformed how people, society, and industry interact.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC , 2021. Vol. 15, no 1, p. 115-126
Keywords [en]
Automation; Industries; Control systems; Robots; Process control; Service robots; Informatics
National Category
Economic History
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175807DOI: 10.1109/MIE.2020.3028058ISI: 000638261600012OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-175807DiVA, id: diva2:1556842
2021-05-242021-05-242021-05-24