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Fossil-Free Fuels for Freight and Logistics: A Literature-Based Study
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Logistics & Quality Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4474-4047
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Logistics & Quality Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8554-0687
Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8323-881X
2021 (English)In: Logistics Research Network Conference: Sustainable and resilient supply chains in disruptive times / [ed] Cardiff Business School, Cardiff, Wales, 2021Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Sustainable development
Fossil fuels, Climate Improvements
Abstract [en]

Purpose 

The need to reduce greenhouse emissions through changes in transportation operation is dire leading the industry to implement a variety of Green Logistic Practices (GLP). However, the freight industry to date still relies heavily on the use of fossil fuels. The question of fuel alternatives is present but passive in current research, thus opening the gap for further exploration into fossil-fuel alternatives. The purpose of this study is to summarize the research currently represented in published literature discussing green practice options in freight transport and logistics and to explore the use of fossil-free fuels. Focus on biomethane derives from its regional importance for the research group.

 

Research Approach 

This study was completed in two parts. The literature review was completed in a systematic manner to ensure quality. The authors collected additional information through semi-structured, exploratory interviews from various stakeholders involved in research and general interest of switching to biomethane with a purpose of ensuring the practical relevance.  

 

Findings and Originality

The literature review identifies patterns and trends among discussed GLPs. Practices utilized and researched include but are not limited to intermodal transport, platooning, and implementation of fossil-free fuels. Most of the practices researched involve limited new technology or innovation rather a repurposing of traditional techniques. While the revisiting and greenifying of traditional techniques aids in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, freight transport and logistics lags in understanding of switching to fossil-free fuels. 

 

Research Impact 

This research shows that despite much research on implementation of Green Logistic Practices in supply chains, a gap in knowledge exists relating to the use of fossil-free fuels in freight transport and logistics. The research explores how companies can adopt fossil-free fuel solutions. More research is required to adequately prepare businesses, governments, and customers to ensure smooth transition to fossil-free fuels. 

 

Practical Impact 

This research begins to explore the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead for business attempting to implement GLPs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cardiff, Wales, 2021.
Keywords [en]
Freight Transport, Green Logistics, Fossil- Free Fuels, Literature Review
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-189203OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-189203DiVA, id: diva2:1703379
Conference
Logistics Research Network Conference, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, 8–10 September, 2021
Projects
FOREST: Omställning till fossilfria logistiklösningar från ett speditörsperspektiv
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, 19.2.2.22Available from: 2022-10-13 Created: 2022-10-13 Last updated: 2023-05-04Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Green Logistics Networks: Roles & Symbiotic Relationships
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Green Logistics Networks: Roles & Symbiotic Relationships
2023 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Logistics actors such as the transport buyer, freight forwarder, and haulier are currently in a transition phase towards more sustainable practices typically referred to as Green Logistics Practices (GLPs). One of the more progressive GLPs is completion of freight transport using fossil-free fuels such as biomethane. Despite knowledge that fossil-free fuels are effective in reducing the amount of carbon emitted, logistics networks need to move faster in transitioning. 

This licentiate thesis looks at a successful implementation of biomethane in freight transport in Sweden with the purpose: understanding value creation in implementation of biomethane in freight transport from the point of view of the logistics actors. The research takes an abductive approach. The research is built upon a systematic literature review and literature study which lead to a series of interviews and eventually two different case studies of a regional and national network using biomethane. The systematic literature review and interview study of Paper 1 provided a knowledge base for understanding the status of GLP use and logistics actors’ roles. Paper 2, an embedded case study of the regional network, gives a better image of a network’s drivers and barriers in biomethane implementation including network dynamics. Paper 3 as a multiple case study including both the regional and national network allows for deeper understanding of a network’s dynamics, relationships and value propositions for value co-creation. 

Use of symbiotic relationships from biology inspired the analysis of the relationships between logistics actors and the value propositions which drives value co-creation. Building from the empirical data and analysis of both the individual papers and kappa, four value propositions were identified: communication, innovation, determination for success and perceived support. The analysis highlighted the weight of different value propositions may carry for the different actors in value creation. A constant finding through the analysis was the importance of communication in the relation in that the actor leading the communication tended to benefit more in value creation. 

The kappa’s results and analysis which builds on three papers that are part of the licentiate thesis suggest three points that can be used as a base for future research. Firstly, regional networks and national networks act differently. The studied Regional Network was committed to biomethane-fueled transport as it reflected the desires of the customer and community. Whereas the studied National Network had a wider range of customers to satisfy, therefore less commitment to biomethane-driven transport specifically. Secondly in the Regional Network, where the Regional Haulier was identified as a key actor due to its on taking of investments and the importance the other actors in the Regional Network place upon it. Finally, perception of support was realized as one of the more prominent value propositions. If organizations perceive support either from the market or politicians, then they are more likely to be emboldened to take the risk and invest in competencies necessary to transport freight using fossil-free fuels. 

This licentiate thesis contributes both academically and managerially. In the research field of green logistics, the kappa furthers studies on value creation, relationships between logistics actors pertaining to fossil-free fuels in freight transport and introduces the application of metaphors from biology into logistics that could be built upon in the future. Managerially, the thesis begins to expose how different networks relate to fossil-free fuel use. 

Abstract [sv]

Allt fler logistika aktörer såsom logistikföretag, åkerier och transportköpare har börjat intressera sig för miljövänliga åtgärder, på engelska så kallade Green Logistics Practices (GLP). En av de mest progressiva åtgärderna är användning av fossilfria drivmedel såsom biogas. Även om använding av fossilfria drivmedel effektivt minskar koldioxidutsläppen och är viktigt för att uppnå klimatmålen så finns det en hel del utmaningar för företagen som ska implementera dessa drivmedel. I dagsläget försöker såväl företag som olika myndigheter hitta lösningar för att underlätta användning av fossilfria drivmedel. Denna licentiatavhandling studerar användningen av biogas för godstransporter i Sverige i två olika nätverk, ett regionalt och ett nationellt. Syftet är att öka kunskapen om värdeskapande och implementering av biogas i godstransporter utifrån logistikaktörernas perspektiv. För att uppfylla syftet har fallstudier använts som huvudsaklig metod där två nätverk, ett regionalt och ett nationellt studerats. 

Avhandlingen bygger på tre artiklar. De har fokuserat på använding av biogas som en av flera GLPs, drivkrafter och barriärer bland logistikaktörer för införande av biogas, samt värdeskapande vid införande av biogas. Kappan, som bygger på tre artiklarna, ha inspirerats av teorier grundad i biologiska symbiotiska relationer för att beskriva och förstå relationer mellan logistikaktörer och hur värde skapas. Ur analysen identifieras fyra faktorer av betydelse för värdeskapandet: kommunikation, innovation, beslutsamhet att lyckas och uppfattning av stöd. Inkluderade 3 papperna bidrar till kappan med ett djupare förståelse av aktörernas roll, deras relationer och värdeskapandet. 

Ett mönster som upprepas genom forskningen var vikten av kommunikation. Aktörer som kommunicerat bra hade stabila relationer och skapade därigenom värde tillsammans. Inom enskilda relationer var den aktör som var drivande ledde kommunikationen också den som drog mest nytta av värdeskapandet. 

Kappan presenterar tre huvudsakliga resultat som kan tas vidare i fortsatt forsning. För det första så beter sig regionala nätverket och nationala nätverket på olika sätt. Logistikaktörerna i det regionala nätverket var mer engagerade i biogasanvändningen än logistikaktörerna i det nationella nätverket. En anledning till det skulle kunna vara att det fanns tydligare önskemål från kunder och från samhället i det regionala nätverket. För det andra så är det inte alltid den största aktören som är nyckelaktören, vilket också överensstämmer med relationer inom biologiska symbiosen. Slutligen konstaterads det att upplevt stöd för införande av fossilfria bränslen var en av de mest framträdande värdeerbjudandena. Om organisationerna vet eller åtminstone uppfattar att det har stöd från marknaden eller från politiker så är det troligare att de är villiga att ta risken och investera i den kompetens som krävs för att transportera gods med hjälp av fossilfria bränslen. 

Licentiatavhandlingen resulterar i värdefulla teoretiska såväl som praktiska bidrag. De teoretiska bidragen finns att finna i en ökad förståelse för värdeskapandet och relationer mellan logistikaktörer som använder biogas och möjligheten at använda teorier inom biologiska symbiotiska relationer för att analysera just detta. De praktiska bidragen avser hur olika nätverk relaterar till fossil fria bränsle och ger verktyg till företag att identifiera sin position i nätverk och en ökad förståelse för olika relationer inom ett nätverk.  

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. p. 64
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Licentiate Thesis, ISSN 0280-7971 ; 1965
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-193545 (URN)10.3384/9789180752237 (DOI)9789180752220 (ISBN)9789180752237 (ISBN)
Presentation
2023-06-01, C3, C-huset, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2023-05-04 Created: 2023-05-04 Last updated: 2023-05-12Bibliographically approved

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