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Ontology-Assisted Aircraft Concept Generation
Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8030-8974
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Technical Management & Maintenance, Airframe & Vehicle Systems, Saab Aeronautics, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1301-7931
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2315-0680
2022 (English)In: 33rd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2022, BONN, Germany: International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (ICAS) , 2022, Vol. 2, p. 1510-1526Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper presents a method for generating a geometrical representation of a concept aircraft from an ontology description. An ontology is used as an overarching knowledge base where entities, such as required functions, their design alternatives, and requirements can be represented. Description logic reasoning is then used to process the available design space and generate suitable concepts to fulfil desired functions, as well as indicate suitable approaches for a subsequent sizing procedure. As ontology representations are limited in terms of numerical calculation capabilities, the obtained concept information must be extracted for additional processing. Further investigations, such as statistical analyses, are consequently performed in order to expand the available information of the concept generated from the ontology. This expansion is performed to obtain estimates of required inputs for a continued geometrical sizing procedure. The outcome of the method is an estimation of the concept’s geometry and its characteristics. This information can from here be reintroduced into the ontology representation for further processing and to expand the original knowledge base. A case study is introduced to test the proposed method and to show how it can be used to estimate the characteristics of an already existing aircraft from basic requirements and configuration details. The results from the method and sizing are also compared with publicly available data for the reference aircraft to see how accurate the estimates were.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BONN, Germany: International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (ICAS) , 2022. Vol. 2, p. 1510-1526
Series
International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences proceedings (ICAS PROCEEDINGS), ISSN 2958-4647
Keywords [en]
Ontology, Aircraft Conceptual Design, Singular Value Decomposition, Geometry
National Category
Aerospace Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191927Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85159675152ISBN: 9781713871163 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-191927DiVA, id: diva2:1738989
Conference
33rd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2022, Stockholm, Sweden, 4-9 September, 2022
Projects
System-of-Systems Trade Space Exploration (S2TEP)Available from: 2023-02-23 Created: 2023-02-23 Last updated: 2024-09-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. A System of Systems View in Early Product Development: An Ontology-Based Approach
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A System of Systems View in Early Product Development: An Ontology-Based Approach
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The concept of system-of-systems is becoming increasingly common and relevant in many engineering applications. Today’s highly interconnected world entails that more and more systems have dependencies on other systems. This increasing number of interdependencies results in new levels of complexity that must be managed in the early development of new products. Different viewpoints must also be handled to understand the many layers of a system-of-systems and its surrounding context. An ever-changing future results in uncertainty about the operational environment but also other aspects, such as available technologies, which complicates the matter even further. Traditional approaches for early product development can be used to some extent, but the complexity, scale and sheer number of interconnections in system-of-systems require a holistic perspective to obtain an early understanding of the problem, design spaces, and multiple aspects involved. 

This dissertation aims to present a method that has been developed to address the demand for a more holistic system-of-systems view in early product development. Overall, the method consists of four parts that together show how design spaces for system-of-systems can be generated and later processed to find suitable solutions. Search and rescue operations have been used as examples of system-of-systems throughout this work and in the development of the presented method. The first two parts of the method are based on architecture frameworks and ontologies with description logic reasoning capabilities. An architecture framework is here used to break down system-of-system needs into functions to be fulfilled by constituent systems. Ontologies are thereafter used to represent the outcome and the resulting system-of-system design spaces with involved entities and their relationships. Description logic reasoning can subsequently be used to process the available design spaces and suggest suitable system-of-system solutions. The last two parts of the method build upon a concept exploration and estimation approach, together with visual analytics. The approach illustrates how individual system concepts can be estimated from an ontology-represented design space, and how visual analytics can be used to explore different system-of-system viewpoints at an early stage. Based on the outcomes of the presented method, this dissertation contributes a holistic take on early product development from a system-of-systems perspective. 

Abstract [sv]

Konceptet system-av-system blir allt vanligare och relevant i många tekniska tillämpningsområden. Dagens högt sammanlänkade värld innebär att fler och fler system har beroenden med andra system. Detta ökande antal av ömsesidiga beroenden resulterar i nya nivåer av komplexitet som måste hanteras i den tidiga utvecklingen av nya produkter. Olika synsätt måste också hanteras för att förstå de många skikt som ett system-av-system består av och dess omgivande omständigheter. En ständigt föränderlig framtid resulterar i osäkerhet om den operativa miljön men även andra aspekter, såsom tillgängliga teknologier, vilket komplicerar saken ytterligare. Traditionella metoder för tidig produktutveckling kan användas i viss utsträckning, men komplexiteten, skalan och det stora antalet sammankopplingar i system-av-system kräver ett mer holistiskt synsätt för att skapa en tidig förståelse av problemet, designrymden och andra inblandade aspekter.

Denna avhandling syftar till att presentera en metod som har utvecklats för att möta efterfrågan på en mer holistisk system-av-system-vy i tidig produktutveckling. Sammantaget består metoden av fyra delar som tillsammans visar hur designrymder för system-av-system kan genereras och senare bearbetas för att hitta lämpliga lösningar. Sök- och räddningsinsatser har använts som exempel på system-av-system genom hela detta arbete och i utvecklingen av den presenterade metoden. De två första delarna av metoden är baserade på arkitekturramverk och ontologier med beskrivningslogiska resonemangsförmågor. Ett arkitekturramverk används här för att bryta ned system-av-system-behov i funktioner som ska uppfyllas av involverade system. Ontologier används därefter för att representera resultatet och de resulterande system-av-system-designrymderna med involverade entiteter och deras relationer. Beskrivningslogiska resonemang kan sedan användas för att bearbeta de tillgängliga designrymderna och föreslå lämpliga system-av-system-lösningar. De två sista delarna av metoden bygger på en konceptutforsknings och uppskattningsmetod tillsammans med visuell analysteknik. Tillvägagångssättet illustrerar hur individuella systemkoncept kan estimeras från en ontologirepresenterad designrymd, och hur visuell analysteknik kan användas för att utforska olika system-av-system-perspektiv i ett tidigt skede. Baserat på resultaten av den presenterade metoden bidrar denna avhandling med en helhetssyn på tidig produktutveckling utifrån en system-av-system-vy.  

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. p. 94
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 2317
Keywords
System-of-Systems, Systems Engineering, Ontology, Description Logic Reasoning, Design Space Exploration, Aircraft Design, Search and Rescue, Early Product Development
National Category
Aerospace Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-193644 (URN)10.3384/9789180751667 (DOI)9789180751650 (ISBN)9789180751667 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-06-02, C3, C-building, Campus Valla, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Funding: The research has been performed as part of the System-of-Systems Trade Space Exploration (S2TEP) project which is part of the National Aeronautics Research Programme (NFFP7) funded by the Swedish Agency for Innovation (VINNOVA) and the Swedish Armed Forces. The project has also been done in collaboration with Saab Aeronautics.

Available from: 2023-05-11 Created: 2023-05-11 Last updated: 2023-05-22Bibliographically approved

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Knöös Franzén, LudvigMunjulury, Raghu ChaitanyaKrus, Petter

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