Occurrence and removal of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers in a wastewater treatment plant in ChinaShow others and affiliations
2014 (English)In: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, ISSN 2050-7887, E-ISSN 2050-7895, Vol. 16, no 5, p. 1076-1082Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BZT-UVs) have previously been found in sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which might be potential sources of BZT-UVs to the surrounding environment. In this work, the occurrence and fate of seven emerging 2-hydroxyphenyl substituted BZT-UVs were investigated in a Chinese WWTP. This group of hydrophobic BZT-UVs possess log Kow values ranging from 4.31 to 7.67 which could be associated with their fate in WWTPs. Field samples including 24 h flow composites of influent, effluent and grab sludge samples from different treatment processes were collected and analyzed. Concentrations of BZT-UVs dissolved in aqueous-phases were in the range of 4.88±1.35 (UV-234) to 34.5±12.4 ng L-1 (UV-P) in the primary influent, while only UV-P and UV-328 were detected in the final effluent at concentrations of 10.5±6.59 and 2.74±1.73 ng L-1, respectively. Considering the amount of target BZT-UVs adsorbed to total suspended solids (TSS), the daily mass flux in the primary influent of the WWTP ranged from 22.3 g day(-1) (UV-P, 7.99%) to 74.0 g day-1 (UV-234, 26.5%). Total removal efficiency of the integrated treatment process ranged from 89.7% for UV-P to 99.7% for UV-234 suggesting nearly complete removal. Organic solid sedimentation in primary and secondary clarifiers was the dominant elimination route for BZT-UV analogues, which constituted 96.3% of the total removal efficiency. Advanced treatment (using ultraviolet disinfection) in this plant might further contribute to the high removal efficiencies (ranging from 19.6% to 77.3%).
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry , 2014. Vol. 16, no 5, p. 1076-1082
Keywords [en]
China, Environmental Monitoring, Triazoles, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Waste Water, Water Pollutants, Chemical
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-193811DOI: 10.1039/c3em00483jISI: 000335003900015PubMedID: 24668046OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-193811DiVA, id: diva2:1757393
Note
Sponsors:
National Natural Science Foundation Grant(s): 21207140 20921063 21207148
National Basic Research Program of China Grant(s): 2009CB421605
2023-05-162023-05-162023-05-29