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Total daily energy expenditure has declined over the past three decades due to declining basal expenditure, not reduced activity expenditure
Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China; Univ Aberdeen, Scotland; Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China; CAS Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet, Peoples R China; Yale Univ, CT USA.
Yale Sch Med, CT USA; Stockholm Univ, Sweden; Yale Univ, CT USA.
St Johns Med Coll, India; IAEA, Austria; Yale Univ, CT USA.
Maastricht Univ, Netherlands; Yale Univ, CT USA.
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2023 (English)In: Nature Metabolism, E-ISSN 2522-5812, Vol. 5, no 4, p. 579-588Article in journal (Other academic) Published
Abstract [en]

Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance(1,2). Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated(3,4). Here we show that in both sexes, total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure increased over time. We use the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labelled Water database on energy expenditure of adults in the United States and Europe (n = 4,799) to explore patterns in total (TEE: n = 4,799), basal (BEE: n = 1,432) and physical activity energy expenditure (n = 1,432) over time. In males, adjusted BEE decreased significantly, but in females this did not reach significance. A larger dataset of basal metabolic rate (equivalent to BEE) measurements of 9,912 adults across 163 studies spanning 100 years replicates the decline in BEE in both sexes. We conclude that increasing obesity in the United States/Europe has probably not been fuelled by reduced physical activity leading to lowered TEE. We identify here a decline in adjusted BEE as a previously unrecognized factor.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
NATURE PORTFOLIO , 2023. Vol. 5, no 4, p. 579-588
National Category
Behavioral Sciences Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-195346DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00782-2ISI: 000989676500009PubMedID: 37100994OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-195346DiVA, id: diva2:1772883
Note

Funding Agencies|Chinese Academy of Sciences [CAS 153E11KYSB20190045]; National Science Foundation of the United States [BCS-1824466]; Swedish Research Council International Postdoctoral Fellowship [VR 2018-06735]; National Institutes of Health; DBT-Wellcome Trust India Alliance; IAEA; Taiyo Nippon Sanso; SERCON; [K01DK109079]; [R03DK122189]; [R01DK090489]; [R01DK126447]; [IA/CRC/19/1/610006]

Available from: 2023-06-22 Created: 2023-06-22 Last updated: 2024-05-06

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Citation style
  • apa
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