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Artificial intelligence and medical research databases: ethical review by data access committees
Univ Newcastle, England.
Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, England.
Yorkshire and Humber Academic Health Science Network, England.
Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, England.
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2023 (English)In: BMC Medical Ethics, E-ISSN 1472-6939, Vol. 24, no 1, article id 49Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BackgroundIt has been argued that ethics review committees-e.g., Research Ethics Committees, Institutional Review Boards, etc.- have weaknesses in reviewing big data and artificial intelligence research. For instance, they may, due to the novelty of the area, lack the relevant expertise for judging collective risks and benefits of such research, or they may exempt it from review in instances involving de-identified data.Main bodyFocusing on the example of medical research databases we highlight here ethical issues around de-identified data sharing which motivate the need for review where oversight by ethics committees is weak. Though some argue for ethics committee reform to overcome these weaknesses, it is unclear whether or when that will happen. Hence, we argue that ethical review can be done by data access committees, since they have de facto purview of big data and artificial intelligence projects, relevant technical expertise and governance knowledge, and already take on some functions of ethical review. That said, like ethics committees, they may have functional weaknesses in their review capabilities. To strengthen that function, data access committees must think clearly about the kinds of ethical expertise, both professional and lay, that they draw upon to support their work.ConclusionData access committees can undertake ethical review of medical research databases provided they enhance that review function through professional and lay ethical expertise.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BMC , 2023. Vol. 24, no 1, article id 49
Keywords [en]
Artificial intelligence; Medical research databases; Health data repositories; Data access committees; Research ethics committees; Ethical review; Ethical expertise; Public involvement
National Category
Medical Ethics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-196696DOI: 10.1186/s12910-023-00927-8ISI: 001025008600001PubMedID: 37422629OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-196696DiVA, id: diva2:1789372
Note

Funding Agencies|National Pathology Imaging Cooperative, NPIC [104687]; Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund; Li Ka Shing Foundation; Wellcome Trust [203132]

Available from: 2023-08-18 Created: 2023-08-18 Last updated: 2024-07-04

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