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A novel MmWave Beam Alignment Approach for Beyond 5G Autonomous Vehicle Networks
Mohamed Khider University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2335-5958
LESIA Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5618-4126
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0019-8411
TincNET Research Team, Department of Networks and Telecom, UPEC, Creteil, France.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6886-7394
2023 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, ISSN 0018-9545, E-ISSN 1939-9359, Vol. 73, no 2, p. 1597-1610Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Nowadays, directional communication represents a high potential solution for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication in Beyond-Fifth-Generation (B5G) vehicular networks, using the millimeter wave (mmWave) technique. Due to the high mobility in the vehicular environment and to ensure a higher data rate to establish a reliable V2X communication link, an efficient beam alignment is needed to point the optimal direction between the moving vehicle and the mmWave base station. To deal with this issue, we propose in this paper a new beam alignment method to select the optimal beam angle of Departure (AoD) from the mmWave base station, used further to transmit data toward the moving vehicle directly. The novelty of our proposal concerns the suggestion of an original hybrid beam alignment approach, combining a 128-filters-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and 4-layers based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM). The selected angle is performed automatically for each vehicle position with the lowest error probability and the highest received signal power. The performance of our proposed CNN-BiLSTM model was evaluated using popular regression metrics such as mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The results show that our model achieved values of at least 0.0107, 0.0765, and 0.103 for MSE, MAE, and RMSE, respectively, outperforming other machine learning algorithms such as KNN regressor, SVR, BiLSTM, and CNN-LSTM.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023. Vol. 73, no 2, p. 1597-1610
Keywords [en]
Autonomous vehicle, V2X communications, B5G Networks, mmWave, beamforming, beam alignment, supervised learning
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-197735DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3313548ISI: 001203463300016Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85171581229OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-197735DiVA, id: diva2:1796287
Available from: 2023-09-12 Created: 2023-09-12 Last updated: 2024-05-14Bibliographically approved

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Fowler, Scott

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