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A Mixture of Essential Oils from Three Cretan Aromatic Plants Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Proliferation: A Proof-of-Concept Intervention Study in Ambulatory Patients
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Univ Crete, Greece.
Univ Crete, Greece; Maastricht Univ, Netherlands.
Univ Crete, Greece.
Univ Crete, Greece.
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2023 (English)In: DISEASES, ISSN 2079-9721, Vol. 11, no 3, article id 105Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction: The need for effective therapeutic regimens for non-critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic remained largely unmet. Previous work has shown that a combination of three aromatic plants essential oils (CAPeo) (Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav., Origanum dictamnus L., Salvia fruticose Mill.) has remarkable in vitro antiviral activity. Given its properties, it was urgent to explore its potential in treating mild COVID-19 patients in primary care settings.Methods: A total of 69 adult patients were included in a clinical proof-of-concept (PoC) intervention study. Family physicians implemented the observational study in two arms (intervention group and control group) during three study periods (IG(2020, n=13), IG(2021/22, n=25), and CG(2021/22, n=31)). The SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by real-time PCR. The CAPeo mixture was administered daily for 14 days per os in the intervention group, while the control group received usual care.Results: The PoC study found that the number and frequency of general symptoms, including general fatigue, weakness, fever, and myalgia, decreased following CAPeo administration. By Day 7, the average presence (number) of symptoms decreased in comparison with Day 1 in IG (4.7 to 1.4) as well as in CG (4.0 to 3.1), representing a significant decrease in the cumulative presence in IC (-3.3 vs. -0.9, p < 0.001; eta(2) = 0.20) on Day 7 and on Day 14 (-4.2 vs. -2.9, p = 0.027; eta(2) = 0.08).Discussion/conclusions: Our findings suggest that CAPeo possesses potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in addition t omicron its effect against influenza A and B and human rhinovirus HRV14 strains. The early and effective impact on alleviating key symptoms of COVID-19 may suggest this mixture can act as a complementary natural agent for patients with mild COVID-19.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI , 2023. Vol. 11, no 3, article id 105
Keywords [en]
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; natural products; essential oils; effectiveness
National Category
Surgery
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-198685DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030105ISI: 001076087600001PubMedID: 37606476OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-198685DiVA, id: diva2:1806828
Note

Funding Agencies|Clinic of Social and Family Medicine at the University of Crete

Available from: 2023-10-24 Created: 2023-10-24 Last updated: 2024-04-08

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