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Enhancing Cybersecurity for LDACS: a Secure and Lightweight Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol
Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Database and information techniques. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Database and information techniques. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Database and information techniques. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9829-9287
German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Germany.
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2023 (English)In: 2023 IEEE/AIAA 42ND DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE, DASC, IEEE , 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The aviation industry faces significant challenges due to rising global air travel demand. Frequency saturation in Air Traffic Management (ATM) leads to communication problems, necessitating the enhancement of traditional systems. The Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) initiative, backed by the European Commission, aims to digitize ATM, with the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) as a key component. LDACS aims to improve communication, enhance surveillance, and optimize airspace usage for safer, more efficient ATM. Although LDACS is protected against most cyberattacks, a critical security objective, anonymity, is currently overlooked. To strengthen LDACS's security, robust authentication mechanisms, Post-Quantum security, and measures to ensure aircraft anonymity are crucial. Therefore, we propose a comprehensive security framework to enhance LDACS's cybersecurity, focusing on mutual authentication and key agreement. The protocol uses Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) for robust mutual authentication and Bit-flipping Key Encapsulation (BIKE) for secure session key establishment utilizing Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This framework ensures anonymity and secure communication between aircraft and ground stations while minimizing message exchange, latency, and data overhead. An informal security analysis confirms our proposed framework's potential to augment the efficiency and security of ATM operations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE , 2023.
Series
IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference, ISSN 2155-7195, E-ISSN 2155-7209
Keywords [en]
Aviation Cybersecurity; BIKE; LDACS; PUF; Mutual Authentication and Key Exchange (MAKE)
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-200533DOI: 10.1109/DASC58513.2023.10311307ISI: 001103267600200ISBN: 9798350333572 (electronic)ISBN: 9798350333589 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-200533DiVA, id: diva2:1832754
Conference
IEEE/AIAA 42nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Barcelona, SPAIN, oct 01-05, 2023
Note

Funding Agencies|Trafikverket and Luftfartsverket under Automation Program II; Autonomous Systems and Software Program (WASP)

Available from: 2024-01-30 Created: 2024-01-30 Last updated: 2024-01-30

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