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Traumatic stress in late pregnancy
Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2902-7077
2004 (English)In: Journal of Anxiety Disorders, ISSN 0887-6185, E-ISSN 1873-7897, Vol. 18, no 2, p. 127-142Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Traumatic stress has traditionally been studied in the aftermath of traumatic events. In contrast, this study aimed to explore if traumatic stress can occur before an event that is perceived as threatening or feared. Traumatic stress, as related to the forthcoming delivery, was studied in 1224 women. Background data and psychological characteristics were assessed in early pregnancy and traumatic stress and fear of childbirth in late pregnancy. Of all subjects, 2.3% met all DSM-IV criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 5.8% fulfilled criteria B, C, and D in late pregnancy. Traumatic stress and fear of childbirth correlated significantly. High trait anxiety, depressive symptomatology, psychological/psychiatric counseling related to childbirth, and self-reported psychological problems, measured in early pregnancy, were risk factors for traumatic stress and fear of childbirth in late pregnancy. Results suggest the occurrence of “pre”traumatic stress (i.e., a threatening forthcoming event provoking symptoms similar to those after a traumatic event).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2004. Vol. 18, no 2, p. 127-142
Keywords [en]
Anxiety, Depression, Fear of childbirth, Pregnancy, Traumatic stress
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-45794DOI: 10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00242-6OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-45794DiVA, id: diva2:266690
Available from: 2009-10-11 Created: 2009-10-11 Last updated: 2018-11-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Posttraumatic stress after childbirth
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Posttraumatic stress after childbirth
2002 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The aim of the thesis was to study the occunence of posttraumatic stress after childbirth, as seen in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Furthermore the studies explored potential risk factors, in pregnancy and during the delivery, for posttraumatic stress after childbirth and its longitudinal course, one to eleven months postpartum. Posttraumatic stress was also studied in comparison with the occunence of depression, in pregnancy and after childbirth.

Study 1 and 2 had a cross-sectional design and comprised 1640 consecutively delivered women in Linköping, Sweden. The variables were assessed once, using questimmaires measuring posttraumatic stress and fear of childbirth. Obstetric data were collected from the medical records.

Study 3, 4 and 5 were based on a cohort of 1224 women who were recruited in Linköping and Kalmar. Variables were assessed in early and late pregnancy. After the delivery the variables were assessed four times: 1, 4, 7, and 11 months postpartum. Measurements by means of questionnaires comprised demographic data, potential risk factors, posttraumatic stress, fear of childbirth, and depression.

Within 1-11 months after the delivery, 1-2% of the women developed posttraumatic stress. Emergency cesarean section and vaginal instrumental delivery were associated with an increased risk for posttraumatic stress postpartum.

Severe fear of childbirth, "pre"-traumatic stress (similar to posttraumatic stress but future oriented) and depression in pregnancy were associated with an increased tisk of suffedng from posttraumatic stress within 1-11 months postpartum. During that period, 24 of the 37 women with posttraumatic stress also had depression.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköpings universitet, 2002. p. 41
Series
Linköping University Medical Dissertations, ISSN 0345-0082 ; 761
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-26671 (URN)11238 (Local ID)91-7373-203-6 (ISBN)11238 (Archive number)11238 (OAI)
Public defence
2002-12-20, Berzeliussalen, Hälsouniversitetet, Linköping, 09:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Available from: 2009-10-08 Created: 2009-10-08 Last updated: 2012-09-19Bibliographically approved

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Söderquist, JohanWijma, KlaasWijma, Barbro

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Obstetrics and gynecologyFaculty of Health SciencesDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine
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Journal of Anxiety Disorders
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