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  • 1.
    Afrell, Maria
    et al.
    Unit of Rehabilitation, Kalmer County Council, Västervik.
    Biguet, Gabriele
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Rudebeck, Carl Edvard
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Living with a body in pain – between acceptance and denial2007In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 291-296Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aetiology of nonspecific musculoskeletal pain is considered to be multi-factorial. Long-standing pain not only has a negative impact on the individual's general health but also changes the individual's experience of him/her self and his/her world. The aim of this study was to describe how individuals with long-standing musculoskeletal pain, in a bodily existential perspective, relate to their aching body. Semi-structured interviews with 20 patients were analysed using mainly a phenomenological-hermeneutic method. From the analysis, four main categories reflect the meaning contents of the interviews: the body as an aspect of identity; body reliance; body awareness; ways of understanding pain. From these categories, four distinct typologies were inferred: surrendering to ones fate; accepting by an active process of change; balancing between hope and resignation; rejecting the body. The result indicates that patients with long-standing pain are to be found along a spectrum from accepting to rejecting the aching body. Body awareness and body reliance seem to have importance in the process of acceptance of the body as well as life situation as a whole, which we regard as interesting hypotheses for further inquiry.

  • 2.
    Ahlström, Gerd
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science.
    Wennberg, S
    Coping with illness-related problems in persons with progressive muscular diseases: the Swedish version of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, p. 368-375Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3.
    Andersson, Agneta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Levin, Lars-Åke
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öberg, Birgitta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Månsson, Linda
    Health care and social welfare costs in home-based and hospital-based rehabilitation after stroke2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 4, p. 386-392Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the 1990s most western European and Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries experienced financial difficulties and were forced to cut back on or restrain health care expenditures. Home rehabilitation has received attention in recent years because of its potential for cost containment. Often forgotten, however, is the redistribution of costs from one caregiver to another. The aim of this study was to analyse whether a redistribution of costs occurs between health care providers (the County councils) and social welfare providers (the municipalities) in a comparison of home-based rehabilitation and hospital-based rehabilitation after stroke. The study population included 123 patients, 53 in the home-based rehabilitation group and 68 in the hospital-based rehabilitation group. The patients were followed up at 6 and 12 months after onset of stroke. Resource use over a 12-month period included acute hospital care, in-hospital rehabilitation, home rehabilitation and use of home-help service as well as nursing home living. The hospital-based rehabilitation group had significantly fewer hospitalization days after a decision was made about rehabilitation at the acute care ward and consequently the cost for the acute care period was significantly lower. The cost for the rehabilitation period was significantly lower in the home-based rehabilitation group. However, the cost for home help service was significantly higher in the home-based rehabilitation group. The total costs for the care episode did not differ between the two groups. The main finding of this study is that there seems to occur a redistribution of costs between health care providers and social welfare providers in home rehabilitation after stroke in a group of patients with mixed degree of impairment.

  • 4.
    Andersson, Åsa
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Surgery in Linköping. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine.
    Vilhelmsson, Mattias
    Reg Hosp Vaxjo, Sweden.
    Fomichov Casaballe, Victoria
    Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Lindhoff Larsson, Anna
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Surgery in Linköping. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Björnsson, Bergthor
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Surgery in Linköping.
    Sandström, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Surgery in Linköping.
    Drott, Jenny
    Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Surgery in Linköping. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology.
    Patient involvement in surgical care-Healthcare personnel views and behaviour regarding patient involvement2021In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 35, no 1, p. 96-103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background All professions in surgical care have a responsibility to include patients in their health care. By Swedish law, all care should be done in dialogue with the patient. The essential part of health care is the meeting between patient and healthcare professional. In the interaction, a decision can be made, and needs can be identified to a safer care. Previous studies on patient participation have focussed on patients perspectives in surgical care, but there is a paucity of studies about the personnels perspective of estimated patient involvement in surgical care. Aim The aim of this study was to identify and describe healthcare personnels view and behaviour regarding patient involvement in surgical care. Method A quantitative study with various professions was conducted. A validated questionnaire was used, remaining questions grouped under following areas: patient involvement, acute phase, hospital time, discharge phase and questions on employment and workplace. Results A total of 140 questionnaires were sent out to a surgical clinic in Sweden, and 102 questionnaires were answered. All professionals stated that clear information is an important part of patient involvement in surgical care. Statistically significant differences existed between the professions in the subscale information. Physicians rated their information higher than the Registered Nurses (p = 0.005) and the practical nurses did (p = 0.001). Hindrances to involving patients were lack of time and other priority tasks. Conclusions Professionals in surgical care graded information to be the most important thing for patient involvement. Participation in important decisions, including the possibility to express personal views and ask questions, is important factors for patient involvement. Barriers against patient involvement are lack of time and prioritisation of other work activities.

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  • 5.
    Andregård, Anna-Carin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jangland, Eva
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    The tortuous journey of introducing the Nurse Practitioner as a new member of the healthcare team: a meta-synthesis2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 29, no 1Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to explore the obstacles to and the opportunities for achieving optimal interprofessional team collaboration with the introduction of the nurse practitioner (NP). A team approach can contribute importantly to sustainable and safe patient care, and NPs have been added to the healthcare team in many countries. Following the international trend towards the development of the acute care NP, the role has recently been initiated in surgical care in Sweden. The introduction of an advanced nursing role into existing organisations raises questions about how the role will be developed and what its effects will be on collaboration between the different professions. We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies using the meta-ethnographic approach developed by Noblit and Hare. Literature in the field of nursing was searched on PubMed and CINAHL, and empirical qualitative studies from outpatient and inpatient care in seven countries were included. The studies were appraised according to national guidelines and templates and were analysed and synthesised according to the meta-ethnographic approach. A total of 26 studies were included in the synthesis. The analysis revealed four themes: (i) a threat to professional boundaries, (ii) a resource for the team, (iii) the quest for autonomy and control, and (iv) necessary properties of a developing interprofessional collaboration. Based on these themes, the synthesis was created and presented as a metaphorical journey. The implementation of a new nursing role in a traditional healthcare team is a complex process influenced by many factors and can be described as a tortuous journey towards a partially unknown destination. The synthesised obstacles and opportunities drawn from international studies may help healthcare organisations and new NPs prepare for, and optimise, the implementation of a new nursing role.

  • 6. Andréasson, S
    et al.
    Gullberg, Mats T
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Olsson, Henny M
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hamrin, Elisabeth
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Clinical Pharmacology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Medical laboratory technologists' perception of professional self. A study of Swedish MLTs employed in clinical chemistry1992In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 6, no 2, p. 67-74Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The subjective perception of professional self was studied for a sample of Medical Laboratory Technologists (MLTs) employed in Clinical Chemistry in Sweden. The sample (N = 488) consisted of a randomized tenth of members of their trade union. A mailed questionnaire with 21 items concerning self-description compared with peers in a seven-point Likert type scale was completed by 332 (68%). There was no significant overall difference concerning the four principal types of workplace: Clinical Chemistry, Blood Serology, Primary Care and Clinical Chemistry/Blood Serology. The main difference was found between those in managerial posts (N = 72) and the other MLTs (N = 260). Factor analysis showed three principal components, labelled Professionalism, Work Ethic, and Empathy, but also a different composition of variables of the components for the manager group compared with the non-manager group.

  • 7.
    Arman, M.
    et al.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE 141 83, Sweden, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge.
    Ranheim, Albertine
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Health, Activity, Care.
    Rehnsfeldt, A.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stord/Haugesund University College, Norway.
    Wode, K.
    Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Anthroposophic health care - Different and home-like2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 3, p. 357-366Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Anthroposophic health care is rooted in the work of Steiner and Wegman in Switzerland during the 1920s. The Swedish hospital in this study offers integrated conventional and anthroposophic health care therapies which are conceptualized as an extended and integrative variant of health care and not as CAM. In anthroposophic care, health is viewed as a matter of body, soul and spirit in balance. Therapeutic resources include nursing care, therapeutic conduct (art and body therapies) and medicines based on natural remedies. This study aims to deepen the understanding of what constitutes good care from a patient's perspective to alleviate patients' suffering and to identify clinical markers for good care. As anthroposophic care is associated with theory and holistic ideas, this study aims at exploring whether or not anthroposophic care has a beneficial effect. A qualitative method was used, and the analysis was conducted with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach. Sixteen former patients, of whom nine were diagnosed with various kinds of cancer and seven with burnout syndrome, were interviewed regarding their experience of anthroposophic care. Patients especially noted the benefits of the holistic caring environment, the empathetic approach and true caring offered, as well as the peaceful atmosphere and rest. A turning point or shift in perspectives, implying a home coming in relation to inner aspects was discussed as an outcome. Although patients in general were overwhelmingly impressed and positive they were also ambivalent. One interpretation is that there is a gap between the anthroposophic and conventional paradigm that affects patients negatively. As mutual scepticism still prevents any real integration between integrative and conventional care, the onus appears to be on the patient to take the risk and act as bridge-builder. From a caring science perspective, the study shows that appropriation of specific values and theory makes it possible to create a true caring culture. © 2008 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 8.
    Arman, Maria
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Rehnsfeldt, Arne
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Hälsa - utbildning - välfärdsinstitutioner (HUV) .
    How can we research human suffering?2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 3, p. 239-240p. 239-240Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    [No abstract available]

  • 9.
    Bachrach-Lindström, Margareta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing Science.
    Karlsson, Susanne
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Pettersson, Lars-Goran
    Kalmar Central Hospital.
    Johansson, Torsten
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Orthopaedic Centre, Department of Orthopaedics Linköping.
    Patients on the waiting list for total hip replacement: a 1-year follow-up study2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 4, p. 536-542Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients on the waiting list for total hip replacement: a 1-year follow-up study

    Untreated osteoarthritis (OA) in the hip causes pain and reduced physical and social functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of waiting time on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), functional condition and dependence on help at the time of surgery and during follow-up 1 year after surgery. A further aim was to elucidate possible differences between men and women. Two hundred and twenty-nine consecutively included patients with OA in the hip were interviewed when assigned to the waiting list, again 1 week prior to surgery with unilateral total hip replacement (THR), and 1 year after surgery. Health-related quality of life and function were measured using the Nottingham Health Profile, EuroQoL and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. The result showed that the average waiting time was 239 days, that 15% of the patients were operated on within 3 months, and that 21% had to wait more than 6 months. At the time of surgery, HRQOL had deteriorated significantly (p < 0.05) and the number of patients receiving support from relatives had increased from 31% to 58% during the wait. At the 1-year follow-up, both HRQOL and functional condition had improved significantly despite the wait, and the need for support from relatives had decreased to 11% (p < 0.001). In conclusion, long waiting time for THR is detrimental to patients HRQOL causing reduced functional condition, pain and increased need for support from relatives, which limit the independence in daily life.

  • 10.
    Bachrach-Lindström, Margaretha
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Unosson, Mitra
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nutritional state and functional capacity among elderly Swedish people with acute hip fracture2000In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 14, no 4, p. 268-274Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to describe characteristics in a group of elderly men and women with hip fracture, regarding presumed risk factors, such as nutritional state and functional capacity. A total of 142 men and women aged 75 years or more were consecutively included on admittance to the hospital. Anthropometry and body composition were measured 4-6 days after the fracture. Data on functional status, activities of daily living and living arrangements at the time of the fracture were collected. The women and men had a body mass index (BMI) of 22.3 ▒ 3.7 kg/m2 and 21.7 ▒ 2.1 kg/m2, respectively. Of the whole group, 71% had a BMI < 24 kg/m2 and 25% a BMI < 20.0 kg/m2. Forty-five percent of the patients needed daily home help, and a majority of them were mentally impaired (p < 0.0001). Women with a trochanteric hip fracture were shorter, had lower body weight, lower lean body mass and lower arm muscle circumference (AMC) than the cervical fracture group (p < 0.05). Fewer women with a trochanteric fracture and fewer women with mental impairment took walks outside before the fracture, (p = 0.023 and p = 0.002, respectively). Characteristics found in the group were low BMI, low muscle mass as indicated by low lean body mass and mental impairment. It seems important to evaluate such factors when developing post-operative care plans aimed at avoiding further deterioration. Extra frail sub-groups of patients, such as people who are mentally impaired, women with trochanteric fracture and women with high dependency concerning ADL functions were identified.

  • 11.
    Barimani, Mia
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Division for Reproductive Health, Women's and Children's Health, Sweden.
    Vikström, Anna
    Karolinska Institutet, Neurobiologi, Vårdvetenskap och Samhälle (NVS), Sektionen för omvårdnad, Sweden.
    Rosander, Michael
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Forslund Frykedal, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education, Teaching and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.
    Berlin, Anita
    Karolinska Institutet, Neurobiologi, Vårdvetenskap och Samhälle (NVS), Sektionen för omvårdnad.
    Facilitating and inhibiting factors in transition to parenthood – ways in which health professionals can support parents2017In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 31, no 3, p. 537-546Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The transition to parenthood is an overwhelming life event. From a theoretical perspective, transition to parenthood is a developmental transition that contains certain phases and patterns.

    Aim

    This study aim was twofold (i) discover, describe and comprehend transitional conditions that parents perceive as facilitating and inhibiting during transition to parenthood and to (ii) use that knowledge to develop recommendations for professional interventions that support and facilitate transition to parenthood.

    Design

    Meleis transition theory framed the study's deductive qualitative approach – from planning to analysis.

    Methods

    In a secondary analysis, data were analysed (as per Meleis transition theory) from two studies that implemented interviews with 60 parents in Sweden between 2013 and 2014. Interview questions dealt with parents’ experiences of the transition to parenthood – in relation to experiences with parent-education groups, professional support and continuity after childbirth.

    Ethical issues

    A university research ethics board has approved the research.

    Results

    These factors facilitated transition to parenthood: perceiving parenthood as a normal part of life; enjoying the child's growth; being prepared and having knowledge; experiencing social support; receiving professional support, receiving information about resources within the health care; participating in well-functioning parent-education groups; and hearing professionals comment on gender differences as being complementary. These factors inhibited transition to parenthood: having unrealistic expectations; feeling stress and loss of control; experiencing breastfeeding demands and lack of sleep; facing a judgmental attitude about breastfeeding; being unprepared for reality; lacking information about reality; lacking professional support and information; lacking healthcare resources; participating in parent-education groups that did not function optimally; and hearing professionals accentuate gender differences in a problematic way.

    Conclusion

    Transition theory is appropriate for helping professionals understand and identify practices that might support parents during transition to parenthood. The study led to certain recommendations that are important for professionals to consider.

  • 12.
    Bremer, Anders
    et al.
    Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar/Växjö, Sweden; Division of Emergency Medical Services, Kalmar County Council, Kalmar, Sweden.
    Dahné, Tova
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Stureson, Lovisa
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care in Linköping (ANOPIVA).
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar/Växjö, Sweden; The Research Section, Kalmar County Council, Kalmar, Sweden.
    Thylén, Ingela
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Lived experiences of surviving in-hospital cardiac arrest2019In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 33, no 1, p. 156-164Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors suffer from psychological distress and cognitive impairments. They experience existential insecurity and vulnerability and are striving to return to a life in which well-being and the meaning of life have partly changed. However, research highlighting the experiences of in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors is lacking. This means that evidence for postresuscitation care has largely been extrapolated from studies on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors, without considering potential group differences. Studies investigating survivors experiences of an in-hospital cardiac arrest are therefore needed.

  • 13.
    Broström, Anders
    et al.
    Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology. Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Wahlin, Ake
    Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Alehagen, Urban
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Ulander, Martin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Johansson, Peter
    Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine.
    Sex-specific associations between self-reported sleep duration, depression, anxiety, fatigue and daytime sleepiness in an older community-dwelling population2018In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 32, no 1, p. 290-298Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore whether associations between self-reported sleep duration, depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue and daytime sleepiness differed in older community-dwelling men and women. DesignCross-sectional. MethodsA community-dwelling sample of 675 older men and women (mean age 77.7years, SD 3.8years) was used. All participants underwent a clinical examination by a cardiologist. Validated questionnaires were used to investigate sleep duration, depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue and daytime sleepiness. Subjects were divided into short sleepers (6hours), n=231; normal sleepers (7-8hours), n=338; and long sleepers (9hours), n=61. ancovas were used to explore sex-specific effects. ResultsDepressive symptoms were associated with short sleep in men, but not in women. Fatigue was associated with both short and long sleep duration in men. No sex-specific associations of sleep duration with daytime sleepiness or anxiety were found. ConclusionNurses investigating sleep duration and its correlates, or effects, in clinical practice need to take sex into account, as some associations may be sex specific. Depressive symptoms and fatigue can be used as indicators to identify older men with sleep complaints.

  • 14.
    Brännström, Margareta
    et al.
    Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Jaarsma, Tiny
    Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Division of Health, Activity and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Struggling with issues about cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for end-stage heart failure patients.2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 29, no 2, p. 379-385Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Integrating heart failure and palliative care teams combines unique expertise from both cardiology and palliative care. However, professionals from the two arenas of life-saving cardiology and palliative care may well have different experiences with and approaches to patient care. Little is known how to optimally discuss cardiopulmonary resuscitation with patients and their relatives and what challenges are for healthcare providers.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the experiences and thoughts of members of an integrated heart failure and palliative care team concerning talking about CPR with end-stage heart failure patients.

    METHOD: We used a descriptive qualitative design, conducting group interviews during 2011 with professionals from different disciplines working with heart failure patients over a 1-year period. A qualitative content analysis was performed to examine the interview data.

    RESULTS: Professional caregivers in integrated heart failure and palliative homecare are struggling with the issue of CPR of end-stage heart failure patients. They wrestle with the question of whether CPR should be performed at all in these terminally ill patients. They also feel challenged by the actual conversation about CPR with the patients and their relatives. Despite talking them about CPR with patients and relatives is difficult, the study participants described that doing so is important, as it could be the start of a broader end-of-life conversation.

    CONCLUSION: Talking with patient and relatives about CPR in end-stage heart failure, as suggested in the current heart failure guidelines, is a challenge in daily clinical practice. It is important to discuss the difficulties within the team and to decide whether, whom, how and when to talk about CPR with individual patients and their relatives.

  • 15.
    Brüggemann, Adrianus Jelmer
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gender and medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wijma, Barbro
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gender and medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Swahnberg, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gender and medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Abuse in health care: a concept analysis2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 26, no 1, p. 123-132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims and objectives:  To analyse the concept of abuse in health care. This analysis also covers how abuse in health care is different from the related concepts of medical error, patient satisfaction and personal identity threat.

    Background:  Abuse in health care is an emerging concept in need of a clear analysis and definition. At the same time, boundaries to the related concepts are not demarcated.

    Design:  Concept analysis as developed by Walker and Avant.

    Method:  The databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline, and Google Scholar were used to obtain articles published between 1997 and 2009. A total of eleven articles are referred to on abuse in health care, four on medical error, six on patient satisfaction and three on personal identity threat.

    Results:  Abuse in health care is defined by patients’ subjective experiences of encounters with the health care system, characterized by devoid of care, where patients suffer and feel they lose their value as human beings. The events are most often unintended. We also found differences with the aforementioned related concepts: medical error does not share the patients’ perspective, and patient satisfaction does not offer room for patients’ abusive experiences. The concept of personal identity threat shares all attributes with abuse in health care, but it lacks an antecedent that signifies the social structures underlying the phenomenon.

    Conclusions:  Abuse in health care covers a phenomenon that has severe consequences but is invisible if seen from a medical error or patient satisfaction perspective.

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  • 16.
    Bylund, Ami
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Ersta Hospital, Sweden.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Benzein, Eva
    Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Thorell, Anders
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Ersta Hospital, Sweden.
    Persson, Carina
    Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Assessment of family functioning: evaluation of the General Functioning Scale in a Swedish Bariatric Sample2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 614-622Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundThe General Functioning Scale (GFS) was developed to assess self-perceived overall family functioning. The scale has satisfactory psychometric properties, is internationally recognised and has been used in different contexts. However, no validated Swedish version is available. Healthy family functioning can support patients and help them adhere to treatment regimens. Moreover, it maintains the physical and emotional health and that of the family as a unit. Yet, there is limited information regarding family functioning postgastric bypass surgery. Thus, it is important to use validated instruments to understand family functioning in bariatric contexts. AimTo evaluate aspects of reliability and validity in GFS in a Swedish bariatric sample, focusing on factor structure. MethodThe Swedish version of the GFS (S-GFS) was administered on two occasions to 163 participants who had undergone gastric bypass surgery 6-8 weeks prior to testing. Internal consistency, temporal stability and construct validity were assessed. ResultsData were positively skewed. The S-GFS showed good internal consistency (ordinal = 0.92) with a sufficient overall mean interitem correlation (0.500) and adequate temporal stability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.833). After modifying response alternatives, confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable fit for a one-factor model. ConclusionThe scale is a promising tool for assessing family functioning in bariatric settings. The S-GFS showed satisfactory reliability - consistent with prior research - and acceptable validity in the study sample. This study contributes to the limited research on the scales validity. However, the S-GFS needs to be evaluated in different cultural and clinical contexts, focusing on various aspects of validity and responsiveness (sensitivity to detect significant change over time) in different samples.

  • 17.
    Carlstrom, Rebeccah
    et al.
    Ornskoldsvik Hosp, Sweden.
    Ek, Susanna
    Vrinnevi Hosp, Sweden.
    Gabrielsson, Sebastian
    Lulea Univ Technol, Sweden.
    Treat me with respect: transgender persons experiences of encounters with healthcare staff2020In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Transgender persons face barriers to health care including discrimination and lack of awareness by professionals. This study aimed to describe transgender persons experiences of encounters with healthcare staff. Methods Participants were recruited through postings in social media and on websites targeting people identifying as transgender. Through an online form, 21 people identifying as transgender provided written self-reports. These were analysed using a method for inductive qualitative content analysis. The study was conducted in Sweden in 2018. Results The results describe transgender persons experiences and perceptions of encounters with healthcare staff in one theme:treat me with respect,and three main categories:accept me for who I am; treat me according to my needs; and meet me with competence. Conclusions Healthcare professionals can contribute in restoring and upholding transgender peoples trust in health care by accepting their identity and focusing on their healthcare needs while also being informed about transgender peoples needs and realities. A key point in this is recognising transgender persons vulnerability to violations of dignity in relation to health care.

  • 18.
    Christensson, Lennart
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Unosson, Mitra
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bachrach-Lindström, Margaretha
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Attitudes of nursing staff towards nutritional nursing care2003In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, no 3, p. 223-231Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fulfilling nutritional requirements in residents with eating problems can be a challenge for both the person in need of help and for the caregiver. In helping and supporting these residents, a positive attitude is assumed to be as important as practical skill. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that nutritional education and implementation of a nutritional programme would change the attitudes towards nutritional nursing care among nursing staff with daily experience of serving food and helping residents in municipal care. The study was carried out as a before and after experimental design. An attitude scale, staff attitudes to nutritional nursing care (SANN scale), was developed and used. The response on the scale gives a total SANN-score and scores in five underlying dimensions: self ability, individualization, importance of food, assessment and secured food intake. Nursing staff at eight different residential units (n = 176) responded to the attitude scale and, of these, staff at three of the units entered the study as the experimental group. After responding to the attitude scale, nutritional education was introduced and a nutritional programme was implemented in the experimental units. One year later, attitudes were measured a second time (n = 192). Of these, 151 had also responded on the first occasion. Education and implementation of a nutritional programme did not significantly change attitudes. Overall, nursing staff responded with positive attitudes towards nutritional nursing care. Most of the positive attitudes concerned items within the dimension importance of food. In contrast, items within self ability showed the lowest number of staff with positive attitudes.

  • 19.
    Clancy, Anne
    et al.
    Harstad University of Coll, Norway .
    Gressnes, Thomas
    Harstad University of Coll, Norway .
    Svensson, Tommy
    Nordic School Public Heatlh, Sweden .
    Public health nursing and interprofessional collaboration in Norwegian municipalities: a questionnaire study2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 659-668Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to examine collaboration relating to public health nursing in different sized Norwegian municipalities. It sought to gain insight into factors that are important for successful collaboration, frequency of meeting points for collaborating activities and missing professionals in different sized municipalities. A cross-sectional e-post questionnaire study was carried out on a national sample of public health nurses and their collaborators. A total of 849 public health nurses (43.64%), 113 doctors at clinics and school health services (54.8%), 519 child protection workers (16.34%) and 115 midwives (41.3%) returned the questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis H and chi-square tests were used to tests differences between groups. Trust, respect and collaborative competence were ranked highest by all the respondents and formalised structures, economy and leadership ranked least important in collaborative activity. The majority of the respondents stated that they do not have fewer meeting points compared with 5 years ago. Collaboration with mental health services was missed most by all respondents. There were associations between frequency of meeting points and statements on collaboration related to municipality size. Norway is in the throes of a major coordination reform. The fact that relational factors were deemed most important for successful collaboration is an important finding at a time when focus is on structural change. The findings indicate the need for further in depth qualitative studies on reasons for missing collaborators, on professional cultures in different sized municipalities and on interpersonal relationships. Qualitative enquiry is necessary to gain a greater understanding of how relational concepts of respect, trust and conflict are understood by municipal public health professionals.

  • 20. Daamen, Mariëlle A M J
    et al.
    Schols, Jos M G A
    Jaarsma, Tiny
    Hamers, Jan P H
    Prevalence of heart failure in nursing homes: a systematic literature review.2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 24, no 1, p. 202-208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Heart failure is an important problem in western countries. In nursing home residents heart failure is expected to be highly prevalent. However, accurate diagnosis of heart failure in these patients is often hampered due to atypical findings and concomitant co-morbidity. In order to deliver adequate nursing care and medical treatment, it is important to get insight into the prevalence of heart failure in this target group of patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of heart failure as well as the co-morbidity interfering with heart failure in nursing home residents. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic literature review was conducted in Medline, Embase, Cinahl and the Cochrane Library. Ten studies were ultimately included. Findings indicate that the mean prevalence of heart failure is 20% (range 15-45%) and that there is a significant level of co-morbidity (dementia, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in nursing home residents with heart failure. CONCLUSION: The reported prevalence of heart failure in nursing home residents is higher than in the general population and is associated with considerably co-morbidity. However there are also indications that the prevalence of heart failure in nursing home residents is underestimated, negatively affecting quality of life and quality of care. Therefore, prospective prevalence studies and studies aiming to improve the care for nursing home residents with heart failure are warranted.

  • 21.
    Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Tema Health and Society.
    Regestein, Quentin
    Swahn, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Svanborg, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Clinical Neurophysiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurophysiology UHL.
    Hyperarousal, depression and quality of life - Validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Hyperarousal Scale2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 58-67Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: Research focusing on hyperarousability in association with general sensitivity to stress has increased. This study aimed to: (i) describe values for self-reported hyperarousal behaviour traits, depression, sleeplessness behaviour and health-related quality of life [The Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)] in a gender-stratified random sample from the Swedish population, and (ii) test the validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Hyperarousal Behavioural Trait Scale (H-scale). Methods: In this study, 402 women and 391 men from Sweden were included. A test-retest study was performed on 297 subjects. Results: The total mean score on the H-scale was 29.5 (SD 10.0, 95% CI 28.8-30.2). Compared to men, women scored higher on the H-scale (total score, sub-scales and many items), whereas no evidence of an age trend was seen. The H-scale has proven to be a valid and reliable scale. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed similar magnitude and direction between the H-scale and the Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, as between the H-scale and the Vicious Cycle of Sleeplessness Behaviour Scale, Vitality, Mental Health and the Mental Component Summary index on the SF-36 respectively. The Cronbach's alpha for the H-scale was 0.84 and estimated stability test-retest point of time varies between 0.73 and 0.80. Conclusions: This study indicates gender differences in response style in association with altered health-related quality of life. The H-scale is a valid and reliable self-reported scale for measuring hyperarousal behavioural trait research outcome in clinical practice. © 2006 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 22.
    Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Internal Medicine.
    The relevance of sleep, circadian rhythm and lifestyle as related to a holistic theory of health1992In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 6, no 1, p. 29-35Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hetta, Jerker
    Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Sleep Disorders Unit, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Anxiety, depression and sleep in male patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery1999In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 13, no 2, p. 137-143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of depression and anxiety following coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and to see how those patients with depression and anxiety differ in sleeping pattern. The individual reaction to sleep loss was tested as a predictor of certain emotional symptoms in the follow-up period. Thirty-eight males, between 45 and 68 years, were interviewed prior to, and 1 month after, surgery, and received a questionnaire at the 6-month follow-up. Eighty per cent scored moderate anxiety prior to surgery and six patients were depressed. An anxiety-prone individual reactivity persisted in the same patients in 38.9% (n = 14) following CABG, with significantly more sleep disturbances, firedness, energy deficits, immobility, and lower degree of quality of life (QoL). Sad/depressed mood or cognitive/behavioural fatigue symptoms as reactions to sleep loss were predictors of sleep problems and daytime sequelae, whereas a higher postoperative NYHA class was predicted by cognitive/behavioural fatigue and dysphoria reactions. Being less refreshed by sleep on final awakening prior to surgery related to 44.5% of the variance in QoL outcome 6 months following surgery. In conclusion, an anxiety-prone individual reactivity is significantly associated with sleep disturbances. Reactions to sleep loss prior to surgery are associated with emotional distress after surgery.

  • 24.
    Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science.
    Kritz, IK
    Bogren, IK
    Self-reported sleep quality, strain and health in relation to perceived working conditions in females2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 179-187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aims of this study were to examine self-reported sleep quality, perceived strain and health in relation to working conditions, the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances and daytime distress arising from poor sleep in women on different work shifts. Furthermore, to see whether females with gastrointestinal symptoms, joint-, back- or muscle-pain and who are dissatisfied with working hours differ with regard to the above aspects. Finally, degree of strain-related symptoms and sleep difficulties were tested as predictors of sleep quality and general health outcome. Important research questions are whether registered nurses and those on rotating work shifts have greater sleep problems than others. A total of 156 females, aged 20-59 years, working at three different casualty departments, answered structured questionnaires. The results showed a persistently high rate of psycho-physiological long-term effects of stress related to working conditions. Thirty-four per cent were dissatisfied with their working hours, and exhibited significantly more mental strain, fatigue/excessive tiredness and inability to relax after work because of involuntary thoughts, in relation to working conditions than others did. Sixty-two females (39.7%) complained of insufficient sleep. The sleep quality outcome was significantly predicted by difficulty falling asleep (odds ratio 8.4), difficulty in falling asleep after nocturnal awakening (odds ratio 3.4) and perceived exhaustion (odds ratio 2.6). Females suffering from gastrointestinal symptoms and joint-, back- and muscle symptoms for several days in a week or even everyday were especially sensitive to worse sleep quality. Independent of work shifts, registered nurses exhibited a higher degree of mental strain and prolonged recovery in comparison with others. In conclusions, sleep initiation difficulties, troubled sleep and exhaustion significantly predicted reduced sleep quality outcome with decreased resilience to stress and vulnerability to psycho-physiological disorders in females working within the health care system.

  • 25.
    Eikemo, Ragnhild
    et al.
    Academic Primary Care Centre, Stockholm. Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Vikström, Anna
    Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Nyman, Viola
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg.
    Jonas, Wibke
    Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Barimani, Mia
    Academic Primary Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Support during the postnatal period: Evaluating new mothers' and midwives' experiences of a new, coordinated postnatal care model in a midwifery clinic in Sweden.2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 37, no 1, p. 260-270Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Continuity of care as provided by midwives promoting the health and well-being of new mothers during the postnatal period is critical; thus, access to midwifery services needs to be facilitated. The aim of this study was to describe new mothers' and midwives' experiences and perceptions of a new coordinated postnatal care intervention in a midwifery clinic.

    DESIGN: New mothers responded to open-ended questions in a survey, and midwives were interviewed individually about the intervention. A deductive content analysis research related to continuity of care concepts was used.

    SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study was carried out at a midwifery clinic in a larger city in Sweden, for an eight-month period in 2019 and 2020. Two hundred and sixteen answers from new mothers and nine interviews with midwives were analysed.

    INTERVENTION: All registered pregnant women at the midwifery clinic received enhanced postnatal support based on a new coordinated postnatal care model. The focus was on continuity of care, from pregnancy to the postnatal period and included planning for the first weeks after childbirth at the end of pregnancy, early postnatal contact and several visits to the midwifery clinic.

    FINDINGS: New mothers describing the coordinated postnatal care model highlighted continuity and accessibility as empowering factors that made them feel assured and confident. Midwives emphasised the pregnancy to postnatal continuity as crucial to providing care based on individual needs.

    KEY CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Using a structured and coordinated care model as a midwife that includes planning for the postnatal period together with the pregnant woman at the end of pregnancy may be a good and relatively easy way to create continuity and thus ensure satisfaction and confidence in expectant and new mothers.

  • 26.
    Ekstrom, Kajsa
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Spelmans, Sanna
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Ahlstrom, Gerd
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Alftberg, Asa
    Malmo Univ, Sweden.
    Wallerstedt, Birgitta
    Linnaeus Univ, Sweden; Linnaeus Univ, Sweden.
    Behm, Lina
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Next of kins perceptions of the meaning of participation in the care of older persons in nursing homes: a phenomenographic study2019In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 33, no 2, p. 400-408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Being involved in the care of a loved one is a desire of many next of kin. However, according to several studies of the perceptions of nursing home staff, the involvement of next of kin is not an obvious part of care. To be able to involve next of kin in care at nursing homes, the perceptions of what participation means are an important piece of knowledge. The aim of this study was therefore to describe variations in next of kins perceptions of the meaning of participation in the care of older persons living in nursing homes. Methods Eighteen next of kin of older persons living in ten nursing homes in Sweden were recruited for interviews. The study design was based on a phenomenographic approach, focusing on the qualitatively different ways in which a person perceives, experiences or conceptualises a phenomenon or certain aspect of reality. Results Five categories emerged from analysis of the interviews, representing the next of kins perceptions of the meaning of participation in the care of older persons in nursing homes: be present; communicate; monitor; do practical tasks; and to represent. The next of kin expressed meanings that belonged to more than one category, and the categories were interdependent. Conclusions Our results indicate that there are several meanings of next of kins perceptions of participation at nursing homes. Nursing home staffs knowledge of these perceptions is important to enable next of kin to participate according to their own preferences.

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  • 27.
    Eldh, Ann Catrine
    et al.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and the School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Eva
    Department of Quality and Patient safety, Lindesberg hospital and Centre for Health Care Sciences, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Seeking a balance between employment and the care of an ageing parent.2011In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 25, no 2, p. 285-93Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    RATIONALE: A growing number of middle-aged people are engaged in informal care of their parents while employed. To provide support as employers, co-workers or staff, health care professionals need insight into the experiences of people managing these responsibilities.

    AIM: To elucidate the experience of providing informal care to an ageing parent while managing the responsibilities of a working life.

    METHODS: Narrative interviews were performed with 11 persons with experience of the phenomenon. Transcribed interviews were analysed with phenomenological hermeneutics.

    ETHICS: Informed consent was given prior to the interviews. The study was approved by a research ethics committee.

    FINDINGS: Providing informal care to an ageing parent while also pursuing a working life implies seeking balance: a balance between providing support to the parent's needs and one's responsibilities at work. Being employed supports this balance as it provides both fulfilment and refuge. Being capable of managing both roles grants a sense of satisfaction, supporting one's sense of balance in life. The balance can be supported by sharing the responsibility of caring for the ageing parent with others.

    STUDY LIMITATIONS: Despite perceived saturation and an effort to provide for the possibility to consider internal consistency, the findings should be considered as a contribution to the understanding of the phenomenon, as experienced by individuals in their life world.

    CONCLUSIONS: It is essential to recognise the impact that providing care for an ageing parent may have on the lives of a growing number of people, particularly if they have employment responsibilities. Acknowledgement by others supports one's ability to attain balance; as co-workers and managers, we can acknowledge the efforts of an informal caregiver and as health care staff recognise the valuable contribution made by people in mid-life who provide informal care for their ageing parents.

  • 28.
    Eldh, Ann Catrine
    et al.
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    van der Zijpp, Teatske
    Fontys University of Applied Science, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    McMullan, Christel
    Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health and Population Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
    McCormack, Brendan
    School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, UK.
    Seers, Kate
    Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
    Rycroft-Malone, Jo
    School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
    'I have the world's best job' - staff experience of the advantages of caring for older people.2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 365-73Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    RATIONALE: Besides a growing demand for safe high-quality care for older people, long-term care (LTC) often struggles to recruit appropriately qualified nursing staff. Understanding what LTC staff value in their work may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of what can attract staff and support person-centred care.

    AIM: To explore staff experience of the advantages of working in LTC settings for older people.

    METHODS: Narrative descriptions of 85 LTC staff in Ireland, the Netherlands and Sweden on what they value in their work were analysed with qualitative content analysis.

    ETHICS: Ethical approval was obtained according to the requirements of each country, and participants provided informed consent prior to the individual interviews.

    FINDINGS: Working in LTC signifies bonding with the older people residing there, their next of kin and the team members. It means autonomy in one's daily tasks amalgamated with being a part of an affirmative team. Participants reported a sense of accomplishment and fulfilment; caring meant consideration and recognition of the older people and the relationships formed, which provided for professional and personal growth. The sharing of compassion between staff and residents indicated reciprocity of the relationship with residents.

    STUDY LIMITATIONS: The findings may be transferable to LTC in general although they address only the positive aspects of caring for older people and only the experiences of those staff who had consented to take part in the study.

    CONCLUSIONS: The findings add to what underpins the quality of care in nursing homes: compassion in the nurse-resident relationship and person-centred care in LTC. They indicate reciprocity in the relations formed that may contribute to the empowerment of older people, but further studies are needed to explore this in more detail.

  • 29.
    Ernersson, Åsa
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lindström, Torbjörn
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Internal Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Nyström, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Internal Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Hollman Frisman, Gunilla
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Young healthy individuals develop lack of energy when adopting an obesity provoking behaviour for 4 weeks: a phenomenological analysis2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 24, no 3, p. 565-571Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the past 20 years, a sedentary lifestyle has become more common and simultaneously the consumption of energy-dense food has increased. These are two major risk factors associated with the increase of overweight and obesity, which is found in all ages over the world. The low well-being reported by obese individuals could be associated with increased food intake or it might be a specific consequence of obesity and lack of physical fitness. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of the phenomenon, adopting an obesity provoking behaviour, by increasing energy intake and simultaneously having a sedentary lifestyle for 4 weeks in healthy, normal-weight individuals of both genders. Eighteen healthy individuals (12 men and 6 women; median age 23, range 21-44 years) were included in an intervention, with a doubled energy intake and a maximum physical activity of 5000 steps per day during 4 weeks. After completing this intervention the participants were interviewed and asked to describe their experience during the past 4 weeks. A phenomenological approach was used to gain understanding of the phenomenon and analyses of the transcripts were performed in four steps according to Giorgis method. The main essence of the phenomenon, adopting an obesity provoking behaviour, was found to be lack of energy, related to emotional life, relations and life habits. Lack of energy emerged from five structures: influenced self-confidence, commitment to oneself and others, managing eating, feelings of tiredness and physical impact. These five structures were manifested through 12 constituents. These lifestyle changes decreased the sense of well-being in nonobese healthy individuals of both genders.

  • 30.
    Feldt, Amanda
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics.
    Kärner Köhler, Anita
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Bergstrand, Sara
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Nurses strategies to enable continuous positive airway pressure therapy in a general medical ward context: A qualitative study2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 37, no 2, p. 524-533Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundContinuous positive airway pressure is a non-invasive therapy beneficial for patients with acute respiratory failure. The need for this therapy outside intensive care units is growing, but nurses face many challenges to enable this therapy in general medical wards. Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to explore nurses strategies for enabling continuous positive airway pressure therapy in a general medical ward context. MethodAn explorative qualitative design was used including semi-structured interviews with 15 Swedish nurses. Data were analysed using a conventional content analysis. ResultsThe nurses strategies included a non-hierarchical approach when utilising an intra- and interprofessional collaboration. Inexperience was compensated for by collaboration. Nurses strategies involved advanced patient-centred care using interventions to manage and ease the patients treatment and discomfort. The creation of an alliance with the patient was crucial to prevent treatment failure. The strategies were interrelated and considered as parts of a whole. ConclusionNurses described the strategy of a dynamic team that could be enlarged or decreased in tandem with other professionals, depending on the situation and the nurses needs. Nurses need to have an attentive response to the patients physical, psychosocial and relational needs and to maintain trust for a positive therapy outcome.

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  • 31.
    Fex, Angelika
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Flensner, Gullvi
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Internal Medicine.
    Söderhamn, Olle
    Department of Health, Faculty of Health and Sport and Centre for Caring Research Southern Norway.
    Health-illness transition among persons using advanced medical technology at home2011In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 25, no 2, p. 253-261Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scand J Caring Sci; 2010 Health-illness transition among persons using advanced medical technology at home. This study aimed to elucidate meanings of health-illness transition experiences among adult persons using advanced medical technology at home. As an increasing number of persons perform self-care while using different sorts of advanced medical technology at home, knowledge about health-illness transition experiences in this situation may be useful to caregivers in supporting these patients. A qualitative design was used. Five women and five men, all of whom performed self-care at home, either using long-term oxygen therapy from a ventilator or oxygen cylinder, or performing peritoneal or haemodialysis, were interviewed. Ethics committee approval was obtained. Informed consent was received from all participants, and ethical issues concerning their rights in research were raised. The interviews were analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical methodology, including both an inductive and a deductive structural analysis. This method offers possibilities to obtain an increased understanding by uncovering a deeper meaning of lived experiences through interviews transcribed as texts. The health-illness transition for adult persons in this context was found to mean a learning process of accepting, managing, adjusting and improving daily life with technology, facilitated by realizing the gain from technology at home. Further, the meaning of the health-illness transition experience was interpreted as contentment with being part of the active and conscious process towards transcending into a new state of living, in which the individual and the technology were in tune. The healthy transition experience was characterized by human growth and becoming. This study elucidates one meaning of health-illness transition experiences in relation to the use of advanced medical technology on a more generic level, independent of the specific type of technology used. A positive attitude towards technology at home facilitates the transition.

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  • 32.
    Flensner, Gullvi
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Neurology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Söderhamn, Olle
    Faculty of Health and Sport, University of Agder, Arendal, Norway.
    Fatigue in relation to perceived health: people with multiple sclerosis compared with people in the general population2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 3, p. 391-400Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fatigue is not only a complex phenomenon accompanying different illness conditions but is also a common complaint among individuals in the general population. Among individuals diagnosed with the chronic neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS), one-third describe fatigue as the very first symptom, however it is invisible to others. When adopting an action-theoretic approach to health, fatigue may be considered to influence the individual’s goals of life and subjectively perceived health. The aim of this study was to describe perceived fatigue in relation to perceived health among working-aged individuals diagnosed with MS (n = 155), and in a comparative group of individuals randomly selected from the general population living in the same geographical area (n = 190). A self-report questionnaire including the Fatigue Impact Scale, a checklist of six symptoms, questions covering perceived health and levels of and perceptions of fatigue was used for the data collection. The responses on perceived health were dichotomized into two categories: ‘good health’ and ‘ill health’. Of the individuals with MS, 50% graded their perceived health as ill compared with 18% in the reference group (p < 0.001), and 68% graded fatigue as one of their worst symptoms compared with 21% in the reference group. In both groups, higher presence of symptoms and impact of fatigue in daily activities correlated negatively to perceived health. Compared with the individuals in the reference group, the individuals with MS reported higher impact of fatigue in physical areas in both the category of ‘good health’ (p < 0.001) and ‘ill health’ (p < 0.01). The perceived impact of fatigue was mirrored in increased problems in social and family activities. In conclusion, individuals with MS perceive fatigue as one of their worst symptoms three times as often as individuals in the general population. However, individuals with MS probably also adapt themselves or shift in their response to fatigue more than individuals in the general population.

  • 33.
    Foldemo, Annica
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Psychiatry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bogren, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Psychiatry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Need assessment and quality of life in outpatients with schizophrenia: a 5-year follow-up study2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 4, p. 393-398Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study is a 5-year follow-up of patients with schizophrenia who were in-patients for more than 3 months in 1993. In all, 19 patients fulfilled the criteria and were interviewed 6 months after their discharge. Seventeen of them also participated in a follow-up 5 years later. Their needs were independently rated by themselves and by their key workers according to the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN, research version 3.0). The interview with the patients also included quality of life assessed by the Quality of Life Scale (QLS-100). The results from CAN showed a difference when using a cut-off point for higher vs. lower problem at 10 needs. Using this cut-off point, five patients at the baseline and one at the follow-up had higher problems. The need ranking with key workers showed a correlation of ρ = 0.68 at the baseline and ρ = 0.74 at the follow-up. QLS-100 showed that the patient's total number of unsatisfied items were significantly higher (p = 0.01) at the baseline than at the follow-up. At the follow-up, full insight into their illness was shown by most of the patients. There are several possible explanations associated with the increased quality of life, e.g. less unsatisfied items among some patients and greater autonomy at the follow-up.

  • 34.
    Fägerskiöld, Astrid
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A change in life as experienced by first-time fathers2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 64-71Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Research suggests that the attitude of men towards pregnancy, childbirth and child-caring is different from that of women. Up to now, research has focused mainly on motherhood. The aim of this study was to explore first-time fathers’ experiences during early infancy of their children. Grounded theory and constant comparative method were used and 20 fathers aged 20–48 participated. Interviews were carried out in 2002–2003. ‘Changing life’ emerged as the core category consisting of the categories: becoming a father, alternating between work and home, changing relationship towards partner and developing relationship with their child. Changing life implied that they have left bachelor life and become responsible for a child. Becoming a father was much more fantastic than they could have imagined and they suggested that they performed childcare to the same extent as the mother when both parents were at home. Still fathers viewed the mother as the main parent, partly because of their alternating between work and home and because the mothers breast-feed the infants. Fathers’ attitude towards breast-feeding seemed to be ambiguous; it was a matter of necessity, but made them feel insignificant. Changing relationship towards partner was common but it was not necessarily for the worst and often resulted in a more closely united relationship. However, tiredness because of lack of sleep could result in increased irritability towards problems. Developing relationship with their child implied increasing possibilities to learn to know the infant’s signals. Fathers are one of two parents, and hence are important for their child’s growth and development, emotional health and cognitive development. Knowledge about first-time fathers’ experiences during the early infancy of their children may bring about increased support from midwives and child health nurses.

  • 35.
    Fägerskiöld, Astrid
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Support of fathers of infants by the child health nurse2006In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 79-85Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The child health nurse is considered to be able to support fathers in the transition to parenthood, through utilizing the fathers’ inherent resources for the best development of the child. The aim of present study was to identify what expectations fathers of infants have of the child health care, including the nurse: whether they feel that they have received support in this role and how they think the nurse can support new fathers. A qualitative descriptive design was used with an inductive approach using grounded theory, which was suitable to obtain knowledge and understanding of how fathers perceived and interpreted their interaction with their child health nurse. Twenty fathers of infants gave their informed consent to participate. They were interviewed and data were systematically analysed on three levels by constant comparative method. From the analysis, the core category trustful relationship was discovered, comprising the categories involvement, faith and support. Nurses ought to reflect on that a father of an infant may feel slighted at the child health clinic if, as traditionally, the nurse turns only to the mother. Many fathers of today want to share the infant care and they want more communication with the nurse. It is suggested that in the long run, support in early fatherhood may be of benefit for the child and for the family. If the father has a trustful relationship with the nurse, his involvement in child health care is presumed to increase, as is the possibility of having faith in the nurse, as well as receiving support in his role as father. The findings are discussed in relation to literature in the field.

  • 36.
    Fägerskiöld, Astrid M.
    et al.
    University College of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Berterö, Carina M.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    How child health care nurses view a mother-infant relationship: A qualitative study1996In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 180-185Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Too many children in Sweden grow up under difficult circumstances. Every child should have the opportunity to grow up to be a confident person. We know today that the new-born child is able to influence its surroundings. The main purpose of child health care in Sweden is to reduce mortality, morbidity and disability in children, and also to reduce any detrimental effects on the family. Child Health Care (CHC)-nurses provide continuity and security for parents and children in developing relationships. The aims of this study were to identify how CHC-nurses view a mother-infant relationship, and how they can improve this relationship. Ten CHC-nurses were interviewed about mother-infant relationships. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using constant comparative analysis. The emerging core category was interplay. Under this construct there were two categories; maternal ability and signals from the infant. Different substantive codes were given under these categories, viz. body language, vocal language, poor health, expectations and life situation. In describing how to improve the mother-infant relationship, promoting an understanding of interplay was the core category. Three categories/strategies were perceived; visualize, respect and demonstrate. The results were then compared with the literature. This study indicates that interplay is of greatest importance in a mother-infant relationship.

  • 37.
    Fägerskiöld, Astrid
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Timpka, Toomas
    Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    The view of the child health nurse among mothers2003In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 160-168Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate mothers' experiences of their encounters with the child health (CH) nurse. A cross-sectional design was used for the study, based on data from 140 mothers gathered by the critical incident technique. The analysis was accomplished by a thematic content analysis, using inductive reasoning in three steps. Symbolic interactionism was used as a frame of reference. The results suggest that the central factor in the encounter between mother and nurse is that they are able to share the realm of motherhood, meaning that the nurse is open and willing to share all types of emotions, experiences and attitudes related to being a mother. Given this basis, other important factors are the supply of sound advice and practical interventions, and that the nurse is reassuring and accessible. The majority of the participating mothers had experienced CH nurses who had provided them with valuable support during troublesome incidents. However, there were also several dissatisfied mothers who had expected support but thought they received insulting treatment instead. The mothers and the nurses have varying experiences and background and therefore different perspectives, which may lead to difficulties in understanding each other. Knowledge about the important factors, that affect the mother–nurse encounter, can be used to strengthen the nurses' positive behaviours and facilitate understanding of how disappointed mothers have experienced their health care encounters.

  • 38.
    Gabrielsson-Jarhult, Felicia
    et al.
    Jonköping University, Sweden.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    On the threshold: older peoples concerns about needs after discharge from hospital2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 135-144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Discharge from hospital is often strenuous for older people and requires adjustments from living an independent life to being in need of care and support. This study aims to explore older peoples concerns about their needs after discharge. Twenty-seven observations recorded at hospital discharge planning meetings were analysed with content analysis. An overarching theme emerged: being in a life transition, which reflected the older persons vulnerable and ambiguous situation in the discharge process. The theme was developed from three categories: obtaining a secure life situation, need of continuous care and support, and influencing and regaining independence. The findings highlight that older patients want to influence their care after discharge. They strive to regain independence and express their concerns about how to obtain a secure life situation through care organised to fit their individual needs. Knowledge about older peoples concerns is important for healthcare providers and social workers involved in planning and individualised care and services.

  • 39.
    Galan Perroca, Marcia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science.
    Ek, Anna-Christina
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Internal Medicine.
    Assessing patient's care requirements: A comparison of instruments2007In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 390-396Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to compare two patient classification instruments developed in different countries, Perroca's (Brazil) and the Beakta (Sweden) systems and to investigate if both instruments equally assess patients' care requirements. The survey sample comprised 85 patients from a university hospital in southeast Sweden. Statistical analysis used Spearman's correlation and Kappa. The Spearman's correlation coefficient for total scores and classifications were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively (P-value < 0.01). The level of agreement between the instruments related to the different care categories pointed to an overall kw of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.50-0.71). The findings indicate a high degree of association between the total scores and patient classification assessment using the Beakta and Perroca systems and also a moderate level of agreement between the two instruments in the different care categories. There are few surveys that compare classification instruments between countries making it difficult to know to what extent cultural differences influence measurement approaches. © 2007 Nordic College of Caring Science.

  • 40.
    Gullberg, Mats T
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Olsson, H M
    Alenfelt, G
    Ivarsson, A B
    Nilsson, M
    Ability to solve problems, professionalism, management, empathy, and working capacity in occupational therapy--the professional self description form1994In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 173-178Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The majority of occupational therapists in Sweden previously worked on large occupational therapy wards. Health care policy has changed over the years and the system has been reorganized accordingly. The employment situation for occupational therapists has also changed. This paper focuses on the perception of professional self among occupational therapists. The objective was to explore the professional self and to suggest components important to the occupational therapist profession. The Professional Self Description Form (PSDF) was used for the exploration of self. The 19 items in the PSDF cover areas relevant to professional functioning and activity. Sixty-eight employed occupational therapists participated. The results of the PSDF were subjected to factor analysis and five factors were obtained; Ability to solve problems, Professionalism, Management, Empathy, and Working capacity. We believe that these five factors can function as improving domains of the role of the professional occupational therapist in Sweden.

  • 41.
    Gullvag, Marianne
    et al.
    Trondheim Reg and Univ Hosp, Norway; Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway.
    Gjeilo, Kari Hanne
    Trondheim Reg and Univ Hosp, Norway; Norwegian Univ Sci and Technol NTNU, Norway; Trondheim Reg and Univ Hosp, Norway.
    Falun, Nina
    Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway; Haukeland Hosp, Norway.
    Norekval, Tone M.
    Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway; Haukeland Hosp, Norway.
    Mo, Rune
    Trondheim Reg and Univ Hosp, Norway; Norwegian Univ Sci and Technol NTNU, Norway.
    Broström, Anders
    Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology. Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway; Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Sleepless nights and sleepy days: a qualitative study exploring the experiences of patients with chronic heart failure and newly verified sleep-disordered breathing2019In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 33, no 3, p. 750-759Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Sleep-disordered breathing, including obstructive sleep apnoea and central sleep apnoea, is a common disorder among patients with chronic heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnoea is often treated with continuous positive airway pressure, but central sleep apnoea lacks a clear treatment option. Knowledge of how sleep-disordered breathing is experienced (e.g. difficulties and care needs) and handled (e.g. self-care actions) by the patients is limited, but needed, to provide patient-centred care. Aim To explore how newly verified sleep-disordered breathing is experienced by patients with chronic heart failure. Methods Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed with qualitative content analysis. Seventeen participants (14 men, three women), mean age 60 years (range 41-80) diagnosed with chronic heart failure and objectively verified sleep-disordered breathing (nine obstructive, seven central and one mixed) were strategically selected from heart failure outpatient clinics at two Norwegian university hospitals. Results Patients with chronic heart failure and newly verified sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) described experiences of poor sleep that had consequences for their daily life and their partners. Different self-care strategies were revealed, but they were based on common sense and were not evidence-based. The awareness of having SDB was varied; for some, it gave an explanation to their trouble while others were surprised by the finding. Conclusion Patients with chronic heart failure and sleep-disordered breathing experienced reduced sleep quality, influencing their daily life. Possible underlying causes of disrupted sleep, such as sleep-disordered breathing, should be identified to establish proper patient-centred treatment strategies. There is a need for new strategies to approach patients with chronic heart failure (i.e. those with central sleep apnoea) who are not subject to continuous positive airway pressure treatment for their sleep-disordered breathing.

  • 42.
    Gustafsson, Ida
    et al.
    Univ Boras, Sweden.
    Spångby, Malin
    Reg Jonkoping Cty, Sweden.
    Arvidsdal, Ann
    Reg Jonkoping Cty, Sweden.
    Golsäter, Marie
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Reg Jonkoping Cty, Sweden; Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Palmér, Lina
    Univ Boras, Sweden.
    The Existential Breastfeeding Difficulty Scales influences on the caring dialogue - Child healthcare nurses lived experiences2022In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 558-566Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Breastfeeding is experienced as an existential journey, and breastfeeding difficulties put mothers in existentially vulnerable situations. For care to be caring, it must be based on the mothers breastfeeding story. Previous research show that healthcare professionals struggle to perform individualised breastfeeding care. The Existential Breastfeeding Difficulty Scale (ExBreastS) was developed to support an existential focus in caring dialogues and was introduced in child healthcare in Sweden. The aim of this study is to describe child healthcare nurses lived experience of how the Existential Breastfeeding Difficulty Scale (ExBreastS) influences the caring dialogue. Seventeen child healthcare nurses with experience in using ExBreastS as a basis for caring dialogues with breastfeeding mothers were interviewed, in groups, pairs or individually. The interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. The results show that the caring dialogue becomes re-evaluated when using ExBreastS because existential aspects of breastfeeding is acknowledged. ExBreastS also visualises new perspectives of the mothers breastfeeding experiences. However, the use of ExBreastS also risks overshadowing the caring dialogue when the nurses focus too much on the instrument. The use of ExBreastS supports caring dialogues-and caring care-by highlighting the existential aspects of breastfeeding/breastfeeding difficulties and the uniqueness of every mothers breastfeeding experience. However, the instrument sometimes evokes a vulnerability in the nurses that calls for support from the care organisation.

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  • 43.
    Hagedoorn, Ellen I
    et al.
    Hanze Univ Appl Sci, Netherlands; Univ Groningen, Netherlands.
    Paans, Wolter
    Hanze Univ Appl Sci, Netherlands; Univ Groningen, Netherlands.
    Jaarsma, Tiny
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Keers, Joost C.
    Martini Hosp Groningen, Netherlands.
    van der Schans, Cees P.
    Hanze Univ Appl Sci, Netherlands; Univ Groningen, Netherlands.
    Luttik, Marie Louise A.
    Hanze Univ Appl Sci, Netherlands.
    The importance of families in nursing care: attitudes of nurses in the Netherlands2021In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 35, no 4, p. 1207-1215Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Positive attitudes towards family involvement in nursing care are essential for improving the involvement of and collaboration with patients families. The aim of this study is to explore nurses attitudes towards the importance of families in nursing care. Method Using a cross-sectional design, hospital and homecare nurses completed the Families Importance to Nursing Care (FINC-NA) scale, Dutch language version, consisting of four subscales. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analyses. Results A total of 426 hospital and homecare nurses were eligible for analysis (mean (SD) age 42 years (13), 93% female). The mean (SD) attitude of nurses was 63.8 (12) (100-point scale) on the FINC-NA. Less than half of the nurses (44%) considered family as a collaboration partner, and 37% of nurses stated that families should be invited to actively participate in planning patient care. The nurses attitudes were explained by years of work experience in nursing, work setting and existing policy regarding families in patient care. Conclusion This study identifies areas of improvement regarding to nurses attitudes towards the importance of families in nursing care in order to establish a more family-focused approach in nursing care. Nursing policies should facilitate working with families as part of regular nursing processes. Furthermore, the importance of family involvement in care should be an explicit matter of concern for nursing educational institutions and for policy making within healthcare organisations.

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  • 44.
    Haglund, Lena
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Health, Activity, Care.
    Henriksson, Chris
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Activity - From action to activity1995In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, no 9, p. 227-34Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Haglund, Lena
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Health, Activity, Care.
    Henriksson, Chris
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Testing a Swedish version of OCAIRS on two different patient groups1994In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, p. 223-30Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 46.
    Haglund, Lena
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Occupational Therapy. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Thorell, Lars-Håkan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Psychiatry.
    Clinical perspective on the Swedish version of the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills: Stability of assessments2004In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 18, no 4, p. 417-423Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether ratings according to the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills, Swedish version (ACIS-S) are related to the settings in which the skills are assessed, and whether the client's comprehension of the setting is related to the ACIS-S rating scores. The ACIS-S is an observation rating scale applied immediately after each of two to six different social sessions that the client takes part in. The selection of settings relies on the client's judgement of them as being meaningful. In total, nine occupational therapists and 16 clients participated in the study. A total of 71 ratings were made in a mean of 4.4 settings per client. The results indicate that the client's rated comprehension of the settings is not significantly related, in general, to the ACIS-S rating scores given by the occupational therapist. However, the clients ACIS-S scores may vary a lot over settings. In the present study, 13- of the 20-items showed ratings of both the existence and the absence of problems in the same skill - but in different settings - in half or more of the client group. This may rise questions for the practitioners how to implement the ACIS-S in clinical practice, for example, how many and which kind of settings and how many times? Further research in the field is recommended. © 2004 Nordic College of Caring Sciences.

  • 47.
    Hallert, Claes
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Welfare and Care (IVV). Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in the East of Östergötland, Department of Internal Medicine VHN.
    Sandlund, Olga
    Broqvist, Mari
    Perceptions of health-related quality of life of men and women living with coeliac disease2003In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, no 3, p. 301-307Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Women with long-standing coeliac disease express poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than men do for unclear reasons. This led us to explore differences in their understanding of HRQoL using a phenomenographic approach. We interviewed 10 coeliac subjects (mean age 57 years, range 35-73) who had been on a gluten-free diet for 10 years and had scored either high or low in the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) General Health and Vitality scales. Three dimensions were revealed that pertained to their perception of HRQoL: bodily sensations, social consequences and coping strategies. Within these, the women experienced more bowel symptoms than men did, despite keeping to a strict diet. This item was the only one predicting the SF-36 scores. The women also described more distress caused by the restrictions in daily life, closely related to their controlling of food contents. The coeliac men took advantage of using a problem-oriented coping approach while the women seeking an emotionally oriented strategy showed less satisfaction with the outcome. We conclude that the intriguing difference in HRQoL between coeliac men and women may have some of its origin in the way living with the disorder is conceptualized and coped with. The results imply that in the management of coeliac patients, gender-related aspects need to be taken into account to improve treatment outcome.

  • 48.
    Hamrin, Elisabeth
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Drug Research. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Editorial Material: When Nursing Care became Science. The first decades 1970-2000 in SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CARING SCIENCES, vol 29, issue 1, pp2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 29, no 1Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 49.
    Hedayati, Elham
    et al.
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Johnsson, Aina
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Alinaghizadeh, Hassan
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Schedin, Anna
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Nyman, Hakan
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Albertsson, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Cognitive, psychosocial, somatic and treatment factors predicting return to work after breast cancer treatment2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 2, p. 380-387Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 380387 Cognitive, psychosocial, somatic and treatment factors predicting return to work after breast cancer treatment Background: Breast cancer (BC) may affect the ability to work. In this study, we want to identify any associations between cognitive, psychosocial, somatic and treatment factors with time to return to work (RTW) among women treated for BC. Methods and participants: At eight (baseline) and 11(follow-up) months after BC diagnosis, women who had received adjuvant treatment for early BC at Stockholm South General Hospital completed the Headminder neuropsychological tests to obtain the Cognitive Stability Index (CSI), the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and its Breast Cancer Module. At both time points, we compared the scores from women who had returned to work with those who had not. We also reviewed the medical certificates of women still on sick leave at 8, 11 and 18months after diagnosis to determine why they had not returned to work. Results: At baseline, 29 of 45 enroled women were working and 15 were not (one dropped out after baseline testing). The 14 women still not working 11months after BC diagnosis had more advanced BC (OR=3.64, 95% CI 2.017.31), lymph-node involvement (OR=18.80, 95% CI 5.3290.69) and Her 2-positive tumours (OR=10.42,95% CI 2.1965.32) than did working women. None of the scores for the four cognitive domains changed significantly at follow-up in either group. Comments on the medical certificates generally supported these findings. Independently of any adjuvant cancer therapy, overall quality of life improved and most women did RTW 18months after BC diagnosis. Conclusions: Chemotherapy is associated with longer periods of sick leave. Cognitive functions do not predict RTW. Independently of any adjuvant therapy, most women eventually RTW in a few months. The ability to predict RTW after BC treatment should help prepare higher-risk patients for delayed RTW and allow earlier interventions to restore their social relations and quality of life.

  • 50.
    Hedov, G.
    et al.
    Unit of Paediatrics, Department of Woman and Child Health, Uppsala University, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Genetics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Anneren, G.
    Annerén, G., Unit of Clinical Genetics, Department of Genetics, Uppsala University, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Wikblad, Karin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Welfare and Care (IVV), Self-Care and Learning.
    Swedish parents of children with Down's syndrome: Parental stress and sense of coherence in relation to employment rate and time spent in child care2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 4, p. 424-430Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Becoming parents of a child with Down's syndrome (DS) challenges the adjustment ability in parenthood. Individuals with higher sense of coherence (SOC) are supposed to manage stressors better than those with lower SOC. The aims of this study were to investigate parental self-perceived stress, SOC, frequency of gainful employment and amount of time spent on child care in Swedish DS parents (165 parents, 86 mothers, 79 fathers) and to compare those with control parents of healthy children (169 parents, 87 mothers, 82 fathers). The mean age of the children was 4.7 years. Parents responded to questionnaires separately including Hymovich's Parent Perception Inventory as stress measurement and Antonovsky's short version of the Orientation to Life. No differences concerning total employment rate were observed, but the DS mothers were more often employed part-time than control mothers. The DS parents did not spend more time on child care than the control parents and they did not differ in mean SOC score, but the DS parents perceived greater stress. The differences in stress, particularly between the DS and control mothers, were related to time-demanding areas. Parents with high SOC scores experienced significantly less self-perceived stress.

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