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  • 1.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    n/a.
    Kuchcinski, Krzysztof
    n/a.
    Nordberg, Klas
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Integrating a computational model and a run time system for image processing on a UAV2002In: Euromicro Symposium on Digital System Design (DSD), 2002, p. 102-109Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recently substantial research has been devoted to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). One of a UAV's most demanding subsystem is vision. The vision subsystem must dynamically combine different algorithms as the UAVs goal and surrounding change. To fully utilize the available hardware, a run time system must be able to vary the quality and the size of regions the algorithms are applied to, as the number of image processing tasks changes. To allow this the run time system and the underlying computational model must be integrated. In this paper we present a computational model suitable for integration with a run time system. The computational model is called Image Processing Data Flow Graph (IP-DFG). IP-DFG has been developed for modeling of complex image processing algorithms. IP-DFG is based on data flow graphs, but has been extended with hierarchy and new rules for token consumption, which makes the computational model more flexible and more suitable for human interaction. In this paper we also show that IP-DFGs are suitable for modelling expressions, including data dependent decisions and iterations, which are common in complex image processing algorithms.

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  • 2.
    Arpteg, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Adaptive Semi-structured Information Extraction2003Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The number of domains and tasks where information extraction tools can be used needs to be increased. One way to reach this goal is to construct user-driven information extraction systems where novice users are able to adapt them to new domains and tasks. To accomplish this goal, the systems need to become more intelligent and able to learn to extract information without need of expert skills or time-consuming work from the user.

    The type of information extraction system that is in focus for this thesis is semistructural information extraction. The term semi-structural refers to documents that not only contain natural language text but also additional structural information. The typical application is information extraction from World Wide Web hypertext documents. By making effective use of not only the link structure but also the structural information within each such document, user-driven extraction systems with high performance can be built.

    The extraction process contains several steps where different types of techniques are used. Examples of such types of techniques are those that take advantage of structural, pure syntactic, linguistic, and semantic information. The first step that is in focus for this thesis is the navigation step that takes advantage of the structural information. It is only one part of a complete extraction system, but it is an important part. The use of reinforcement learning algorithms for the navigation step can make the adaptation of the system to new tasks and domains more user-driven. The advantage of using reinforcement learning techniques is that the extraction agent can efficiently learn from its own experience without need for intensive user interactions.

    An agent-oriented system was designed to evaluate the approach suggested in this thesis. Initial experiments showed that the training of the navigation step and the approach of the system was promising. However, additional components need to be included in the system before it becomes a fully-fledged user-driven system.

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  • 3.
    Berger, Cyrille
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Toward rich geometric map for SLAM: Online Detection of Planes in 2D LIDAR2012In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Perception for Mobile Robots Autonomy (PEMRA), 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rich geometric models of the environment are needed for robots to accomplish their missions. However a robot operatingin a large environment would require a compact representation.

    In this article, we present a method that relies on the idea that a plane appears as a line segment in a 2D scan, andthat by tracking those lines frame after frame, it is possible to estimate the parameters of that plane. The method istherefore divided in three steps: fitting line segments on the points of the 2D scan, tracking those line segments inconsecutive scan and estimating the parameters with a graph based SLAM (Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping)algorithm.

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  • 4.
    Berger, Cyrille
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Toward rich geometric map for SLAM: online detection of planets in 2D LIDAR2013In: Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics & Intelligent Systems, ISSN 1897-8649, E-ISSN 2080-2145, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 35-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rich geometric models of the environment are needed for robots to carry out their missions. However a robot operating in a large environment would require a compact representation. In this article, we present a method that relies on the idea that a plane appears as a line segment in a 2D scan, and that by tracking those lines frame after frame, it is possible to estimate the parameters of that plane. The method is divided in three steps: fitting line segments on the points of the 2D scan, tracking those line segments in consecutive scan and estimating the parameters with a graph based SLAM (Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping) algorithm.

  • 5.
    Berger, Cyrille
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lacroix, Simon
    LAAS.
    DSeg: Détection directe de segments dans une image2010In: 17ème congrès francophone AFRIF-AFIA Reconnaissance des Formes et Intelligence Artificielle (RFIA), 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a model-driven approach todetect image line segments. The approach incrementally detects segments on thegradient image using a linear Kalman filter that estimates the supporting lineparameters and their associated variances. The algorithms are fast and robustwith respect to image noise and illumination variations, they allow thedetection of longer line segments than data-driven approaches, and do notrequire any tedious parameters tuning. Results with varying scene illuminationand comparisons to classic existing approaches are presented.

  • 6.
    Berger, Cyrille
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Lacroix, Simon
    LAAS.
    Modélisation de l'environnement par facettes planes pour la Cartographie et la Localisation Simultanées par stéréovision2008In: Reconnaissance des Formes et Intelligence Artificielle (RFIA), 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Berger, Cyrille
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Lacroix, Simon
    LAAS/CNRS, Univ. of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
    Using planar facets for stereovision SLAM2008In: Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent RObots and Systems (IROS), IEEE conference proceedings, 2008, p. 1606-1611Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the context of stereovision SLAM, we propose a way to enrich the landmark models. Vision-based SLAM approaches usually rely on interest points associated to a point in the Cartesian space: by adjoining oriented planar patches (if they are present in the environment), we augment the landmark description with an oriented frame. Thanks to this additional information, the robot pose is fully observable with the perception of a single landmark, and the knowledge of the patches orientation helps the matching of landmarks. The paper depicts the chosen landmark model, the way to extract and match them, and presents some SLAM results obtained with such landmarks.

  • 8.
    Bjäreland, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Two Aspects of Automating Logics of Action and Change: Regression and Tractability1998Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The autonomy of an artificial agent (e.g. a robot) will certainly depend on its ability to perform "intelligent" tasks, such as learning, planning, and reasoning about its own actions and their effects on the enviroment, for example predicting the consequences of its own behaviour. To be able to perform these (and many more) tasks, the agent will have to represent its knowledge about the world.

    The research field "Logics of Action Change" is concerned with the modelling of agents and dynamical, changing environments with logics.In this thesis we study two aspects of automation of logics of action and change. The first aspect, regression, is used to "reason backwards", i.e. to start with the last time point in a description of a course of events, and moving backwards through these events, taking the effects of all actions into consideration. We discuss the consequences for regression of introducing nondeterministic actions, and provide the logic PMON with pre- and postdiction procedures. We employ the classical computer science tool, the weakest liberal precondition operator (wlp) for this, and show that logical entailment of PMON is equivalent to wlp computations.

    The second aspect is computational complexity of logics of action and change, which has virtually been neglected by the research community. We present a new and expressive logic, capable of expressing continuous time, nondeterministic actions, concurrency, and memory of actions. We show that satisfiability of a theory in this logic is NP-complete. Furthermore, we identify a tractable subset of the logic, and provide a sound, complete, and polynomial algorithm for satisfiability of the subset.

  • 9.
    Bjäreland, Marcus
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Fodor, George
    Execution monitoring of industrial process controllers: an application of Ontological Control2000In: Prooceedings of the 4th Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety for Technical Systems (SAFEPROCESS '00), 2000Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Bjäreland, Marcus
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Jonsson, Peter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, TCSLAB - Theoretical Computer Science Laboratory.
    Exploiting bipartiteness to identify yet another tractable subclass of CSP1999In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP), Springer , 1999, Vol. 1713, p. 118-128Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The class of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) over finite domains has been shown to be NP-complete, but many tractable subclasses have been identified in the literature. In this paper we are interested in restrictions on the types of constraint relations in CSP instances. By a result of Jeavons et al. we know that a key to the complexity of classes arising from such restrictions is the closure properties of the sets of relations. It has been shown that sets of relations that are closed under constant, majority, affine, or associative, commutative, and idempotent (ACI) functions yield tractable subclasses of CSP. However, it has been unknown whether other closure properties may generate tractable subclasses. In this paper we introduce a class of tractable (in fact, SL-complete) CSPs based on bipartite graphs. We show that there are members of this class that are not closed under constant, majority, affine, or ACI functions, and that it, therefore, is incomparable with previously identified classes.

  • 11.
    Bjäreland, Marcus
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Karlsson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Reasoning by Regression: Pre- and Postdiction Procedures for Logics of Action and Change with Nondeterminism1997In: Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Artficial Intelligence (IJCAI), 1997Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 12.
    Buller, Mark
    et al.
    Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, USA.
    Cuddihy, Paul
    Gen Elect Res, Niskayuna, USA .
    Davis, Ernest
    NYU, USA .
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doshi-Velez, Finale
    MIT, Cambridge, USA .
    Erdem, Esra
    Sabanci Univ, Istanbul, Turkey .
    Fisher, Douglas
    Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, USA .
    Green, Nancy
    Univ N Carolina Greensboro. USA.
    Hinkelmann, Knut
    Rice Univ, Houston, USA .
    McLurkin, James
    Rice Univ, Houston, USA .
    Lou Maher, Mary
    University of Maryland, USA.
    Maheswaran, Rajiv
    University of So California, Los Angeles.
    Rubinelli, Sara
    University of Sussex, England.
    Schurr, Nathan
    University of Sussex, England.
    Scott, Donia
    University of Sussex, England.
    Shell, Dylan
    Texas A&M University, USA .
    Szekely, Pedro
    University of So California, Los Angeles.
    Thoenssen, Barbara
    University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
    Urken, Arnold B
    University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
    Reports of the AAAI 2011 Spring Symposia2011In: The AI Magazine, ISSN 0738-4602, Vol. 32, no 3, p. 119-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence presented the 2011 Spring Symposium Series Monday through Wednesday, March 21-23, 2011, at Stanford University. This report summarizes the eight symposia.

  • 13.
    Burdakov, Oleg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holmberg, Kaj
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Kvarnström, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Olsson, Per-Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Positioning Unmanned Aerial Vehicles As Communication Relays for Surveillance Tasks2010In: Robotics: Science and Systems V / [ed] Jeff Trinkle, Yoky Matsuoka, Jose Castellanos, MIT Press, 2010, p. 257-264Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used to survey distant targets, it is important to transmit sensor information back to a base station. As this communication often requires high uninterrupted bandwidth, the surveying UAV often needs afree line-of-sight to the base station, which can be problematic in urban or mountainous areas. Communication ranges may also belimited, especially for smaller UAVs. Though both problems can be solved through the use of relay chains consisting of one or more intermediate relay UAVs, this leads to a new problem: Where should relays be placed for optimum performance? We present two new algorithms capable of generating such relay chains, one being a dual ascent algorithm and the other a modification of the Bellman-Ford algorithm. As the priorities between the numberof hops in the relay chain and the cost of the chain may vary, wecalculate chains of different lengths and costs and let the ground operator choose between them. Several different formulations for edge costs are presented. In our test cases, both algorithms are substantially faster than an optimized version of the original Bellman-Ford algorithm, which is used for comparison.

  • 14.
    Burdakov, Oleg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holmberg, Kaj
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Kvarnström, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Olsson, Per-Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Relay Positioning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveillance2010In: The international journal of robotics research, ISSN 0278-3649, E-ISSN 1741-3176, Vol. 29, no 8, p. 1069-1087Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used for surveillance, information must often be transmitted to a base station in real time. However, limited communication ranges and the common requirement of free line of sight may make direct transmissions from distant targets impossible. This problem can be solved using relay chains consisting of one or more intermediate relay UAVs. This leads to the problem of positioning such relays given known obstacles, while taking into account a possibly mission-specific quality measure. The maximum quality of a chain may depend strongly on the number of UAVs allocated. Therefore, it is desirable to either generate a chain of maximum quality given the available UAVs or allow a choice from a spectrum of Pareto-optimal chains corresponding to different trade-offs between the number of UAVs used and the resulting quality. In this article, we define several problem variations in a continuous three-dimensional setting. We show how sets of Pareto-optimal chains can be generated using graph search and present a new label-correcting algorithm generating such chains significantly more efficiently than the best-known algorithms in the literature. Finally, we present a new dual ascent algorithm with better performance for certain tasks and situations.

  • 15.
    Burdakov, Oleg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holmberg, Kaj
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Olsson, Per-Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Optimal placement of UV-based communications relay nodes2010In: Journal of Global Optimization, ISSN 0925-5001, E-ISSN 1573-2916, Vol. 48, no 4, p. 511-531Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider a constrained optimization problem with mixed integer and real variables. It models optimal placement of communications relay nodes in the presence of obstacles. This problem is widely encountered, for instance, in robotics, where it is required to survey some target located in one point and convey the gathered information back to a base station located in another point. One or more unmanned aerial or ground vehicles (UAVs or UGVs) can be used for this purpose as communications relays. The decision variables are the number of unmanned vehicles (UVs) and the UV positions. The objective function is assumed to access the placement quality. We suggest one instance of such a function which is more suitable for accessing UAV placement. The constraints are determined by, firstly, a free line of sight requirement for every consecutive pair in the chain and, secondly, a limited communication range. Because of these requirements, our constrained optimization problem is a difficult multi-extremal problem for any fixed number of UVs. Moreover, the feasible set of real variables is typically disjoint. We present an approach that allows us to efficiently find a practically acceptable approximation to a global minimum in the problem of optimal placement of communications relay nodes. It is based on a spatial discretization with a subsequent reduction to a shortest path problem. The case of a restricted number of available UVs is also considered here. We introduce two label correcting algorithms which are able to take advantage of using some peculiarities of the resulting restricted shortest path problem. The algorithms produce a Pareto solution to the two-objective problem of minimizing the path cost and the number of hops. We justify their correctness. The presented results of numerical 3D experiments show that our algorithms are superior to the conventional Bellman-Ford algorithm tailored to solving this problem.

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  • 16.
    Burdakov, Oleg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holmberg, Kaj
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Olsson, Per-Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Optimal placement of communications relay nodes2009Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    We consider a constrained optimization problem with mixed integer and real variables. It models optimal placement of communications relay nodes in the presence of obstacles. This problem is widely encountered, for instance, in robotics, where it is required to survey some target located in one point and convey the gathered information back to a base station located in another point. One or more unmanned aerial or ground vehicles (UAVs or UGVs) can be used for this purpose as communications relays. The decision variables are the number of unmanned vehicles (UVs) and the UV positions. The objective function is assumed to access the placement quality. We suggest one instance of such a function which is more suitable for accessing UAV placement. The constraints are determined by, firstly, a free line of sight requirement for every consecutive pair in the chain and, secondly, a limited communication range. Because of these requirements, our constrained optimization problem is a difficult multi-extremal problem for any fixed number of UVs. Moreover, the feasible set of real variables is typically disjoint. We present an approach that allows us to efficiently find a practically acceptable approximation to a global minimum in the problem of optimal placement of communications relay nodes. It is based on a spatial discretization with a subsequent reduction to a shortest path problem. The case of a restricted number of available UVs is also considered here. We introduce two label correcting algorithms which are able to take advantage of using some peculiarities of the resulting restricted shortest path problem. The algorithms produce a Pareto solution to the two-objective problem of minimizing the path cost and the number of hops. We justify their correctness. The presented results of numerical 3D experiments show that our algorithms are superior to the conventional Bellman-Ford algorithm tailored to solving this problem.

  • 17.
    Burdakov, Oleg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holmberg, Kaj
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Olsson, Per-Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Dual Ascent Method for the Hop-constrained Shortest Path with Application to Positioning of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles2008Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We study the problem of positioning unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to maintain an unobstructed flow of communication from a surveying UAV to some base station through the use of multiple relay UAVs. This problem can be modeled as a hopconstrained shortest path problem in a large visibility graph. We propose a dual ascent method for solving this problem, optionally within a branch-and-bound framework. Computational tests show that realistic problems can be solved in a reasonably short time, and that the proposed method is faster than the classical dynamic programming approach.

  • 18.
    Cao, Son Thanh
    et al.
    Vinh University, Vietnam.
    Nguyen, Anh Linh
    Institute of Informatics, Warsaw University.
    Szalas, Andrzej
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    On the Web Ontology Rule Language OWL 2 RL2011In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computational Collective Intelligence, Technologies and Applications (ICCCI) / [ed] Piotr Jedrzejowicz, Ngoc Thanh Nguyen and Kiem Hoang, Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, 2011, p. 254-264Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is known that the OWL 2 RL Web Ontology Language Profile has PTime data complexity and can be translated into Datalog. However, a knowledge base in OWL 2 RL may be unsatisfiable. The reason is that, when translated into Datalog, the result may consist of a Datalog program and a set of constraints in the form of negative clauses. In this paper we first identify a maximal fragment of OWL 2 RL called OWL 2 RL + with the property that every knowledge base expressed in this fragment can be translated into a Datalog program and hence is satisfiable. We then propose some extensions of OWL 2 RL and OWL 2 RL +  that still have PTime data complexity.

  • 19.
    Cao, Son Thanh
    et al.
    Vinh Univ, Vietnam.
    Nguyen, Linh Anh
    Institute of Informatics, Warsaw University.
    Szalas, Andrzej
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    WORL: A Web Ontology Rule Language2011In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE), IEEE , 2011, p. 32-39Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We develop a Web ontology rule language, called WORL, which combines a variant of OWL 2 RL with eDatalog-with-negation. We disallow the features of OWL 2 RL that play the role of constraints (i.e., the ones that are translated to negative clauses), but allow additional features like negation, the minimal number restriction and unary external checkable predicates to occur in the left hand side of concept inclusion axioms. Some restrictions are adopted to guarantee a translation into eDatalog-with-negation. We also develop the well-founded semantics for WORL and the standard semantics for stratified WORL (SWORL) via translation into eDatalog-with-negation. Both WORL and SWORL have PTime data complexity. In contrast to the existing combined formalisms, in WORL and SWORL negation in concept inclusion axioms is interpreted using nonmonotonic semantics.

  • 20.
    Conte, Gianpaolo
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    An Integrated UAV Navigation System Based on Aerial Image Matching2008In: IEEE Aerospace Conference 2008,2008, IEEE , 2008, p. 3142-3151Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of using geo-referenced satellite or aerial images to augment an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation system in case of GPS failure. A vision based navigation system which combines inertial sensors, visual odometer and registration of a UAV on-board video to a given geo-referenced aerial image has been developed and tested on real flight-test data. The experimental results show that it is possible to extract useful position information from aerial imagery even when the UAV is flying at low altitude. It is shown that such information can be used in an automated way to compensate the drift of the UAV state estimation which occurs when only inertial sensors and visual odometer are used.

  • 21.
    Conte, Gianpaolo
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Vision-Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Navigation Using Geo-Referenced Information2009In: EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, ISSN 1687-6172, Vol. 2009, no 387308, p. 1-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the possibility of augmenting an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation system with a passive video camera in order to cope with long-term GPS outages. The paper proposes a vision-based navigation architecture which combines inertial sensors, visual odometry, and registration of the on-board video to a geo-referenced aerial image. The vision-aided navigation system developed is capable of providing high-rate and drift-free state estimation for UAV autonomous navigation without the GPS system. Due to the use of image-to-map registration for absolute position calculation, drift-free position performance depends on the structural characteristics of the terrain. Experimental evaluation of the approach based on offline flight data is provided. In addition the architecture proposed has been implemented on-board an experimental UAV helicopter platform and tested during vision-based autonomous flights.

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  • 22.
    Conte, Gianpaolo
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Duranti, Simone
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Merz, Torsten
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Dynamic 3D path following for an autonomous helicopter2004In: Proceedings of the 5th IFAC Symposium on Intelligent Autonomous Vehicles (IAV), Elsevier , 2004Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A hybrid control system for dynamic path following for an autonomous helicopter is described. The hierarchically structured system combines continuous control law execution with event-driven state machines. Trajectories are defined by a sequence of 3D path segments and velocity profiles, where each path segment is described as a parametric curve. The method can be used in combination with a path planner for flying collision-free in a known environment. Experimental flight test results are shown.

  • 23.
    Conte, Gianpaolo
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Hempel, Maria
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Rudol, Piotr
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Lundström, David
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechanical Engineering Systems.
    Duranti, Simone
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Wzorek, Mariusz
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    High Accuracy Ground Target Geo-Location Using Autonomous Micro Aerial Vehicle Platforms2008In: Proceedings of the AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference (GNC), AIAA , 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a method for high accuracy ground target localization using a Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) equipped with a video camera sensor. The proposed method is based on a satellite or aerial image registration technique. The target geo-location is calculated by registering the ground target image taken from an on-board video camera with a geo- referenced satellite image. This method does not require accurate knowledge of the aircraft position and attitude, therefore it is especially suitable for MAV platforms which do not have the capability to carry accurate sensors due to their limited payload weight and power resources.  The paper presents results of a ground target geo-location experiment based on an image registration technique. The platform used is a MAV prototype which won the 3rd US-European Micro Aerial Vehicle Competition (MAV07). In the experiment a ground object was localized with an accuracy of 2.3 meters from a ight altitude of 70 meters.

  • 24. De Raedt, Luc
    et al.
    Bessiere, ChristianDubois, DidierDoherty, PatrickLinköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.Frasconi, PaoloHeintz, FredrikLinköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.Lucas, Peter
    Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)2012Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A constraint-based approach to proof procedures for multi-valued logics1992Report (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A constraint-based approach to proof procedures for multi-valued logics1991In: Proceedings of the 1st World Conference on Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence (WOCFAI), Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany: Springer , 1991Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A correspondence between inheritance hierarchies and a logic of preferential entailment.1990Report (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A correspondence between inheritance hierarchies and a logic of preferential entailment.1989In: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS) / [ed] M. L. Emrich, M. S. Pfeifer, M. Hadzikadic, and Z. W. Ras, University of North Carolina Press, 1989Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A rule interpreter for an emycin-like expert system tool.1985Report (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A semantics for inheritance hierarchies with exceptions using a logic of preferential entailment1989In: Proceedings of the 2nd Scandinavian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (SCAI), USA: IOS Press , 1989Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A three-valued approach to non-monotonic reasoning1990Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The subject of this thesis is the formalization of a type of non-monotonic reasoning using a three-valued logic based on the strong definitions of Kleene. Non-monotonic reasoning is the rule rather than the exception when agents, human or machine, must act where information about the environment is uncertain or incomplete. Information about the environment is subject to change due to external causes, or may simply become outdated. This implies that inferences previously made may no longer hold and in turn must be retracted along with the revision of other information dependent on the retractions. This is the variety of reasoning we would like to find formal models for.

    We start by extending Kleene-s three-valued logic with an "external negation" connective where ~ a is true when a is false or unknown. In addition, a default operator D is added where D a is interpreted as "a is true by default. The addition of the default operator increases the expressivity of the language, where statements such as "a is not a default" are directly representable. The logic has an intuitive model theoretic semantics without any appeal to the use of a fixpoint semantics for the default operator. The semantics is based on the notion of preferential entailment, where a set of sentences G preferentially entails a sentence a, if and only if a preferred set of the models of G are models of a. We also show that one version of the logic belongs to the class of cumulative non-monotonic formalisms which are a subject of current interest.

    A decision procedure for the propositional case, based on the semantic tableaux proof method is described and serves as a basis for a QA-system where it can be determined if a sentence a is preferentially entailed by a set of premises G. The procedure is implemented.  

  • 32.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Advanced Research with Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles2004In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press , 2004, p. 731-732Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The emerging area of intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) research has shown rapid development in recent years and offers a great number of research challenges for artificial intelligence and knowledge representation. For both military and civilian applications, there is a desire to develop more sophisticated UAV platforms where the emphasis is placed on intelligent capabilities and their integration in complex distributed software architectures. Such architectures should support the integration of deliberative, reactive and control functionalities in addition to the UAV’s integration with larger network centric systems. In my talk I will present some of the research and results from a long term basic research project with UAVs currently being pursued at Linköping University, Sweden. The talk will focus on knowledge representation techniques used in the project and the support for these techniques provided by the software architecture developed for our UAV platform, a Yamaha RMAX helicopter. Additional focus will be placed on some of the planning and execution monitoring functionality developed for our applications in the areas of traffic monitoring, surveying and photogrammetry and emergency services assistance.

  • 33.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Knowledge representation and unmanned aerial vehicles2005In: Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT), IEEE Computer Society , 2005, p. 9-16Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Knowledge representation technologies play a fundamental role in any autonomous system that includes deliberative capability and that internalizes models of its internal and external environments. Integrating both high- and low-end autonomous functionality seamlessly in autonomous architectures is currently one of the major open problems in robotics research. UAVs offer especially difficult challenges in comparison with ground robotic systems due to the often tight time constraints and safety considerations that must be taken into account. This article provides an overview of some of the knowledge representation technologies and deliberative capabilities developed for a fully deployed autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle system to meet some of these challenges.

  • 34.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    NM3 - A three-valued cumulative non-monotonic formalism1990In: Logics in AI, European Workshop (JELIA) / [ed] Jan van Eijck, Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, 1990, p. 196-211Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we propose a formalization of non-monotonic reasoning using a three-valued logic based on the strong definitions of Kleene. We start by extending Kleene's three-valued logic with an "external negation" connective where ~ alpha is true when alpha is false or unknown. In addition, a default operator D is added where D alpha is interpreted as "alpha is true by default". The addition of the default operator increases the expressivity of the language, where statements such as "alpha is not a default" are directly representable. The logic has an intuitive model theoretic semantics without any appeal to the use of a fixpoint semantics for the default operator. The semantics is based on the notion of preferential entailment, where a set of sentences Gamma preferentially entails a sentence alpha, if and only if a preferred set of the models of Gamma are models of alpha. We also show that the logic belongs to the class of cumulative non-monotonic formalisms which are a subject of current interest.

  • 35.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    NM3 - A three-valued non-monotonic formalism. Preliminary report1990Report (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    NME - A three-valued non-monotonic formalism1990In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS), 1990Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Notes on PMON circumscription.1994Report (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    PMON+: A fluent logic for action and change - formal specification, version 1.0.1996Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report describes the current state of work with PMON, a logic for reasoning about action and change, and its extensions. PMON has been assessed correct for the K-IA class using Sandewall's Features and Fluents framework which provides tools for assessing the correctness of logics of action and change. A syntactic characterization of PMON has previously been provided in terms of a circumscription axiom which is shown to be reducible to a first-order formula. This report introduces a number of new extensions which are also reducible and deal with ramification. The report is intended to provide a formal specification for the PMON family of logics and the surface language L(SD) used to represent action scenario descriptions. It should be considered a working draft. The title of the report has a version number because both the languages and logics used are continually evolving. Since this document is intended as a formal specification which is used by our group as a reference for research and implementation, it is understandably brief as regards intuitions and applications of the languages and logics defined. We do provide a set of benchmarks and comments concerning these which can serve as a means of comparing this formalism with others. The set of benchmarks is not complete and is only intended to provide representative examples of the expressivity and use of this particular family of logics. We describe its features and limitations in other publications by our group which can normally be found at "http://www.ida.liu.se/labs/kplab/".

  • 39.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Reasoning about action and change using occlusion.1994In: 11th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence,1994, John Wiley and Sons , 1994Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 40.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    al, et
    2003 AAAI Spring Symposium Series2003In: The AI Magazine, ISSN 0738-4602, Vol. 24, no 3, p. 131-140Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The American Association for Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University’s Department of Computer Science, presented the 2003 Spring Symposium Series, Monday through Wednesday, 24–26 March 2003, at Stanford University.  The titles of the eight symposia were Agent-Mediated Knowledge Management, Computational Synthesis: From Basic Building Blocks to High- Level Functions, Foundations and Applications of Spatiotemporal Reasoning (FASTR), Human Interaction with Autonomous Systems in Complex Environments, Intelligent Multimedia Knowledge Management, Logical Formalization of Commonsense Reasoning, Natural Language Generation in Spoken and Written Dialogue, and New Directions in Question-Answering Motivation.

  • 41.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    A non-monotonic fuzzy logic.1991In: International Fuzzy Systems Association, Fourth World Congress,1991, 1991Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Nonmonotonicity, fuzziness, and multi-values.1993In: Fuzzy Logic: State of the Art. Series D: System Theory, Knowledge Engineering and Problem Solving. / [ed] R. Lowen and M. Roubens, Dordrecht ; Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers , 1993Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

      

  • 43.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Hellendoorn, H.
    Fuzzy if-then-unless rules and their implementation.1992In: International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, IPMU92,1992, Springer , 1992Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Hellendoorn, H.
    Fuzzy if-then-unless rules and their implementation.1992Report (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Hellendoorn, Hans
    Fuzzy if-then-unless rules and their implementation1993In: International Journal of Uncertainty Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems, ISSN 0218-4885, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 167-182Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider the possibility of generalizing the notion of a fuzzy If-Then rule to take into account its context dependent nature. We interpret fuzzy rules as modeling a forward directed causal relationship between the antecedent and the conclusion, which applies in most contexts, but on occasion breaks down in exceptional contexts. The default nature of the rule is modeled by augmenting the original If-Then rule with an exception part. We then consider the proper semantic correlate to such an addition and propose a ternary relation which satisfies a number of intuitive constraints described in terms of a number of inference rules. In the rest of the paper, we consider implementational issues arising from the unless extension and propose the use of reason maintenance systems, in particular TMS's, where a fuzzy If-Then-Unless rule is encoded into a dependency net. We verify that the net satisfies the constraints stated in the inference schemes and conclude with a discussion concerning the integration of qualitative IN-OUT labelings of the TMS with quantitative degree of membership labelings for the variables in question.

  • 46.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Tsoukias, A.
    Partial logics and partial preferences.1992In: International Conference on Economics/Management and Information Technology,1992, 1992, p. 525-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 47.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Driankov, Dimiter
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, AUTTEK - Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Research Group .
    Tsoukias, A.
    Partiality, para-consistency and preference modeling: Preliminary version.1992Report (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Dunin-Keplicz, Barbara
    Szalas, Andrzej
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Dynamics of approximate information fusion2007In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Rough Sets and Emerging Intelligent Systems Paradigms (RSEISP), Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007, p. 668-677Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The multi-agent system paradigm has proven to be a useful means of abstraction when considering distributed systems with interacting components. It is often the case that each component may be viewed as an intelligent agent with specific and often limited perceptual capabilities. It is also the case that these agent components may be used as information sources and such sources may be aggregated to provide global information about particular states, situations or activities in the embedding environment. This paper investigates a framework for information fusion based on the use of generalizations of rough set theory and the use of dynamic logic as a basis for aggregating similarity relations among objects where the similarity relations represent individual agents perceptual capabilities or limitations. As an added benefit, it is shown how this idea may also be integrated into description logics.

  • 49.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Dunin-Keplicz, Barbara
    Institute of Informatics, Warsaw University.
    Szalas, Andrzej
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Tractable model checking for fragments of higher-order coalition logic2011In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 / [ed] Liz Sonenberg, Peter Stone, Kagan Tumer, Pinar Yolum, Richland: AAAI Press, 2011, p. 743-750Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A number of popular logical formalisms for representing and reasoning about the abilities of teams or coalitions of agents have been proposed beginning with the Coalition Logic (CL) of Pauly. Ågotnes et al introduced a means of succinctly expressing quantification over coalitions without compromising the computational complexity of model checking in CL by introducing Quantified Coalition Logic (QCL). QCL introduces a separate logical language for characterizing coalitions in the modal operators used in QCL. Boella et al, increased the representational expressibility of such formalisms by introducing Higher-Order Coalition Logic (HCL), a monadic second-order logic with special set grouping operators. Tractable fragments of HCL suitable for efficient model checking have yet to be identified. In this paper, we relax the monadic restriction used in HCL and restrict ourselves to the diamond operator. We show how formulas using the diamond operator are logically equivalent to second-order formulas. This permits us to isolate and define well-behaved expressive fragments of second-order logic amenable to model-checking in PTime. To do this, we appeal to techniques used in deductive databases and quantifier elimination. In addition, we take advantage of the monotonicity of the effectivity function resulting in exponentially more succinct representation of models. The net result is identification of highly expressible fragments of a generalized HCL where model checking can be done efficiently in PTime.

  • 50.
    Doherty, Patrick
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Grabowski, M
    Lukaszewicz, Witold
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Szalas, Andrzej
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Towards a framework for approximate ontologies2003In: Fundamenta Informaticae, ISSN 0169-2968, E-ISSN 1875-8681, Vol. 57, no 2-4, p. 147-165Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Currently, there is a great deal of interest in developing tools for the generation and use of ontologies on the WWW. These knowledge structures are considered essential to the success of the semantic web, the next phase in the evolution of the WWW. Much recent work with ontologies assumes that the concepts used as building blocks are crisp as opposed to approximate. It is a premise of this paper that approximate concepts and ontologies will become increasingly more important as the semantic web becomes a reality. We propose a framework for specifying, generating and using approximate ontologies. More specifically, (1) a formal framework for defining approximate concepts, ontologies and operations on approximate concepts and ontologies is presented. The framework is based on intuitions from rough set theory, (2) algorithms for automatically generating approximate ontologies from traditional crisp ontologies or from large data sets together with additional knowledge are presented. The knowledge will generally be related to similarity measurements between individual objects in the data sets, or constraints of a logical nature which rule out particular constellations of concepts and dependencies in generated ontologies. The techniques for generating approximate ontologies are parameterizable. The paper provides specific instantiations and examples.

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