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  • 1.
    A Hulten, Maj
    et al.
    University Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands England .
    Patel, Suketu
    University Warwick, Department Biol Science, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands England .
    Jonasson, Jon
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Iwarsson, Erik
    Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Department Mol Med and Surg, Clin Genet Unit, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden .
    On the origin of the maternal age effect in trisomy 21 Down syndrome: the Oocyte Mosaicism Selection model2010In: Reproduction, ISSN 1470-1626, E-ISSN 1476-3990, Vol. 139, no 1, p. 1-9Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We have recently documented that trisomy 21 mosaicism is common in human foetal ovaries. On the basis of this observation we propose that the maternal age effect in Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the differential behaviour of trisomy 21 in relation to disomy 21 oocytes during development from foetal life until ovulation in adulthood. in particular, we suggest that trisomy 21 oocytes, lagging behind those that are disomic, may escape the timed pruning of the seven million in foetal life to the 300-400 finally selected for ovulation. The net effect of this preferential elimination will be an accumulation of trisomy 21 oocytes in the ovarian reserve of older women. We here highlight the implications of this Oocyte Mosaicism Selection (OMS) model with respect to the prevalent view that the maternal age effect is complex, dependent on many different biological and environmental factors. We examine conclusions drawn from recent large-scale studies in families, tracing DNA markers along the length of chromosome 21q between parents and DS children, in comparison to the OMS model. We conclude that these family linkage data are equally compatible with the maternal age effect originating from the accumulation of trisomy 21 oocytes with advancing maternal age. One relatively straightforward way to get to grips with what is actually going on in this regard would be to compare incidence of trisomy 21 oocytes (and their pairing configurations) in foetal ovaries with that in oocytes at the meiosis I stage from adult women.

  • 2.
    Agholme, Lotta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Geriatric . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in the East of Östergötland, Department of Geriatrics.
    Lindström, Tobias
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kågedal, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Marcusson, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Geriatric . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Geriatric Medicine.
    Hallbeck, Martin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    An In Vitro Model for Neuroscience: Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Cells into Cells with Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Neurons2010In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, ISSN 1387-2877, E-ISSN 1875-8908, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 1069-1082Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Neuroscience, including research on Alzheimers disease, is hampered by the lack of suitable in vitro models to study the human nervous system. To counteract this, many attempts to differentiate cell lines into more neuron-like cells have been performed, resulting in partial expression of neuronal features. Furthermore, it has been reported that neuroblastoma cell lines lack mature isoforms of tau. Our aim was to develop an improved in vitro model, generating sustainable cells with morphology and biochemistry of human, mature neurons. To obtain cells with neuronal differentiation and function, we investigated the effect of combining three-dimensional culturing of SH-SY5Y cells in extracellular matrix (ECM) gel with several factors reported to have neuro-differentiating effects. This resulted in cells with apparent neuronal morphology with long, extensively branched neurites. Further investigation revealed expression of several neurospecific markers including synapse protein Sv2 and nuclear marker NeuN, as well as the presence of synapses and axonal vesicle transport. In addition, these cells expressed mature tau isoforms, and tau protein expression was significantly increased compared to undifferentiated cells, reaching levels found in adult human brain. In conclusion, we found that pre-treatment with retinoic acid followed by ECM gel culturing in combination with brain derived neurotrophic factor, neuregulin beta(1), nerve growth factor, and vitamin D-3 treatment generated sustainable cells with unambiguous resemblance to adult neurons. These cells also expresses adult splicing forms of tau with neuronal localization, making this cellular in vitro model useful in many areas of neuroscience research, particularly the Alzheimers disease field.

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  • 3.
    Almroth, Gabriel
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Nephrology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Nephrology UHL.
    Lindell, Å
    Åselius, H
    Sörén, Lars
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Microbiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Svensson, L
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Eribe, ERK
    Olsen, I
    Acute glomerulonephritis associated with streptococcus pyogenes with concomitant spread of streptococcus constellatus in four rural families2005In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 110, no 3, p. 217-231Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We studied history, renal histopathology and microbiology of an epidemic of acute glomerulonephritis associated with throat infections and uncommon culture results in four neighbour families. A 40-year-old man (index patient) was referred to a university hospital for dialysis and kidney biopsy due to a suspected acute glomerulonephritis. An acute tonsillitis had preceded the condition. Penicillin treatment had been started four days before the discovery of renal failure. Throat swabs were positive for β-hemolytic streptococci, group C (GCS). GCS were also found in throat cultures from his wife and two of their children. The bacteria were typed as Streptococcus constellatus. A third child had S. constellatus expressing Lancefield antigen group G. A neighbour and two of his children fell ill the following week with renal involvement. Throat swabs from both these children were positive for S. constellatus. His third child had erythema multiforme and S. constellatus in the throat while a fourth child had β-hemolytic streptococci group A, Streptococcus pyogenes. Kidney biopsies on the index patient and his neighbour showed an acute diffuse prolipherative glomerulonephritis compatible with acute post-streptococcal nephritis and microbiological analysis of renal tissue revealed in both cases S. pyogenes and S. constellatus. The families had had much contact and had consumed unpasteurized milk from our index patient's farm. In four of seven persons in two additional neighbouring families S. constellatus was found in throat swabs during the same month while two persons carried Streptococcus anginosus expressing the Lancefield C antigen. In conclusion spread of S. constellatus coincided with the occurrence of four cases of acute glomerulonephritis. The two biopsied patients had both S. pyogenes and S. constellatus present in renal tissue. The epidemic either suggested that the outbreak of glomerulonephritis was due to S. pyogenes but coincided with the transmission and colonization of S. constellatus or that the S. constellatus strains were highly pathogenic or nephritogenic and that this organism can be transmitted in such cases.

  • 4.
    Amandusson, Åsa
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hallbeck, Martin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Hermanson, Ola
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Blomqvist, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Estrogen-induced alterations of spinal cord enkephalin gene expression1999In: Pain, ISSN 0304-3959, E-ISSN 1872-6623, Vol. 83, no 2, p. 243-248Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Enkephalin-synthesizing neurons in the super®cial laminae of the spinal and trigeminal dorsal horn are critical components of the endogenous pain-modulatory system. We have previously demonstrated that these neurons display intracellular estrogen receptors, suggesting that estrogen can potentially influence their enkephalin expression. By using Northern blot, we now show that a bolus injection of estrogen results in a rapid increase in spinal cord enkephalin mRNA levels in ovariectomized female rats. Thus, 4 h after estrogen administration the enkephalin mRNA-expression in the lumbar spinal cord was on average 68% higher (P , 0:05) than in control animals injected with vehicle only. A small increase in the amount of enkephalin mRNA was also seen after 8 h (P , 0:05), whereas no difference between estrogen-injected and control animals was found after 24 h or at time periods shorter than 4 h. Taken together with the previous anatomical data, the present findings imply that estrogen has an acute effect on spinal opioid levels in areas involved in the transmission of nociceptive information.

  • 5.
    Andin, Josefine
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Geriatrics.
    Hallbeck, Martin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of cell biology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mohammed, Abdul H
    Marcusson, Jan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Geriatrics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Geriatric Medicine.
    Influence of environmental enrichment on steady-state mRNA levels for EAAC1, AMPA1 and NMDA2A receptor subunits in rat hippocampus2007In: Brain Research, ISSN 0006-8993, E-ISSN 1872-6240, Vol. 1174, no 1, p. 18-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Interaction with the environment has a key role in refining the neuronal circuitry required for normal brain function throughout life. Profound effects of enriched environment have been shown on neuronal structure and chemistry in experimental animals. Epidemiological studies imply that this is true also in man, thus cognitive stimulation has a protective effect on neurodegeneration, e.g., in Alzheimer's disease. Glutamatergic pathways are imperative for cognitive functions, such as memory, learning and long-term potentiation, and relies on the AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptors and the hippocampus, with its specific subregions, is an important anatomical substrate in this. The glutamate signalling is also dependent on a fine-tuned transport system, in the hippocampus primarily achieved by the glutamate transporter EAAC1. In this study we show how environmental enrichment modulates these parts of the glutamatergic system using quantitative in situ hybridisation. This work demonstrates for the first time that environmental enrichment modulates the mRNA expression of EAAC1 which is significantly and region specifically decreased in the hippocampus. We also provide evidence for regional and hemisphere-specific upregulation of NMDA mRNA in the hippocampus after environmental enrichment. The current work also shows that AMPA mRNA of the hippocampus is not per se changed by environmental enrichment in adult animals. Taken together, our results extend the knowledge of the glutamatergic system of specific regions of the hippocampus and its modulation by environmental enrichment and could contribute to the development of strategies aimed at limiting pathological changes associated with glutamatergic dysfunctions. © 2007.

  • 6. Antunes, Fernando
    et al.
    Cadenas, Enrique
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Apoptosis, induced by exposure to a low and steady-state concentration of H2O2, is a consequence of lysosomal rupture2001In: Biochemical Journal, ISSN 0264-6021, E-ISSN 1470-8728, Vol. 356, p. 549-555Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Appelqvist, Hanna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Cathrine
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garner, Brett
    University of Wollongong.
    Brown, Andrew J
    University of New South Wales.
    Kågedal, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Attenuation of the Lysosomal Death Pathway by Lysosomal Cholesterol Accumulation2011In: American Journal of Pathology, ISSN 0002-9440, E-ISSN 1525-2191, Vol. 178, no 2, p. 629-639Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the past decade, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) has emerged as a significant component of cell death signaling. The mechanisms by which lysosomal stability is regulated are not yet fully understood, but changes in the lysosomal membrane lipid composition have been suggested to be involved. Our aim was to investigate the importance of cholesterol in the regulation of lysosomal membrane permeability and its potential impact on apoptosis. Treatment of normal human fibroblasts with U18666A, an amphiphilic drug that inhibits cholesterol transport and causes accumulation of cholesterol in lysosomes, rescued cells from lysosome-dependent cell death induced by the lysosomotropic detergent 0-methyl-serine dodecylamide hydrochloride (MSDH), staurosporine (STS), or cisplatin. LMP was decreased by pretreating cells with U18666A, and there was a linear relationship between the cholesterol content of lysosomes and their resistance to permeabilization induced by MSDH. U18666A did not induce changes in expression or localization of 70-kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70) or antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins known to protect the lysosomal membrane. Induction of autophagy also was excluded as a contributor to the protective mechanism. By using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with lysosomal cholesterol overload due to a mutation in the cholesterol transporting protein Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1), the relationship between lysosomal cholesterol accumulation and protection from lysosome-dependent cell death was confirmed. Cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes attenuates apoptosis by increasing lysosomal membrane stability.

  • 8.
    Appelqvist, Hanna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Sandin, Linnea
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Björnström, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Anesthesiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Intensive Care.
    Saftig, Paul
    Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
    Garner, Brett
    Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Kågedal, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Sensitivity to Lysosome-Dependent Cell Death is Directly Regulated by Lysosomal Cholesterol Content2012In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 7, no 11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Alterations in lipid homeostasis are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, although the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. We evaluated the impact of cholesterol accumulation, induced by U18666A, quinacrine or mutations in the cholesterol transporting Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) protein, on lysosomal stability and sensitivity to lysosome-mediated cell death. We found that neurons with lysosomal cholesterol accumulation were protected from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In addition, human fibroblasts with cholesterol-loaded lysosomes showed higher lysosomal membrane stability than controls. Previous studies have shown that cholesterol accumulation is accompanied by the storage of lipids such as sphingomyelin, glycosphingolipids and sphingosine and an up regulation of lysosomal associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2), which may also influence lysosomal stability. However, in this study the use of myriocin and LAMP deficient fibroblasts excluded these factors as responsible for the rescuing effect and instead suggested that primarily lysosomal cholesterol content determined the cellular sensitivity to toxic insults. Further strengthening this concept, depletion of cholesterol using methyl-β-cyclodextrin or 25-hydroxycholesterol decreased the stability of lysosomes and cells became more prone to undergo apoptosis. In conclusion, cholesterol content regulated lysosomal membrane permeabilization and thereby influenced cell death sensitivity. Our data suggests that lysosomal cholesterol modulation might be used as a therapeutic strategy for conditions associated with accelerated or repressed apoptosis.

  • 9.
    Babic, Ankica
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik
    Oskarshamns sjukhus .
    Åhlfeldt, Hans
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Franzén, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Wigertz, Ove
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Machine learning to support diagnostics in the domain of asymptomatic liver disease1995In: MEDINFO95,1995, Edmonton: HC & CC , 1995, p. 809-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Babic, Ankica
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Hedin, Kristina
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik
    Oskarshamns sjukhus .
    Franzén, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Frydén, Aril
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Wigertz, Ove
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Decision support for monitoring of chronic Hepatitis C: can blood laboratory tests help?1996In: Medical Informatics Europe 96,1996, Amsterdam: IOS Press , 1996, p. 551-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Bergdahl, Björn
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Eintrei, Christina
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthesiology and Surgical Centre, Department of Intensive Care UHL.
    Fyrenius, Anna
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Clinical Physiology.
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Theodorsson, Elvar
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of clinical chemistry. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Läkarutbildningen i Linköpings förnyas. Problembaserat lärande, basvetenskap och folkhälsa förstärks2005In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 102, no 38, p. 2654-2658Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 12. Bernsen, Monique R
    et al.
    Smetsers, Toon
    van der Westerlo, Els
    Ruiter, Dirk
    Håkansson, Leif
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Gustafsson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    van Kuppevelt, Toin
    Krysander, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burns. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand surgery UHL.
    Rettrup, Björn
    Håkansson, Annika
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Heparan sulphate epitope-expression is associated with the inflammatory response in metastatic malignant melanoma2003In: Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISSN 0340-7004, E-ISSN 1432-0851, Vol. 52, no 12, p. 780-783Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Heparan sulphate (HS) represents a heterogeneous class of molecules on cell membranes and extracellular matrices. These molecules are involved in a variety of biological processes, including immune responses, through their binding and functional modulation of proteins. Recently a panel of HS-epitope-specific, human single chain antibodies have been generated by phage display, facilitating analysis of the structural heterogeneity of HS in relation to pathological conditions. In a pilot study a heterogeneous staining pattern in melanoma metastases was observed with one of the clones (EW4G1). Using a double-staining technique, the expression of this epitope was studied in 12 metastatic melanoma lesions in relation to the presence of a CD3 + cell infiltrate. Different staining patterns with EW4G1 were observed in the different lesions. The different staining patterns were associated with the presence and pattern of inflammation with CD3+ cells. A pronounced staining pattern of blood vessels with EW4G1 was associated with a more or less brisk presence of CD3+ cells, while a pronounced staining of tumour cells or tumour cell matrix or absence of staining with EW4G1 was associated with absence of CD3+ cells. These results suggest a dualistic role for HS in the recruitment and intratumoural migration of CD3+ cells, depending on the location of expression of its epitope recognized by EW4G1. Further characterization of the structural diversity of HS and its function in T-cell recruitment and migration is therefore warranted, since detailed understanding of this relation may provide new targets for therapeutic intervention, such that better homing and migration of T cells (in)to tumours might be achieved in immunologically based treatment strategies.

  • 13. Bernsen, MR
    et al.
    Håkansson, Leif
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Gustafsson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Krysander, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burns. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand surgery UHL.
    Rettrup, B
    Ruiter, D
    Håkansson, Annika
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    On the biological relevance of MHC class II and B7 expression by tumour cells in melanoma metastases2003In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 88, no 3, p. 424-431Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A large number of studies have indicated that specific immune reactivity plays a crucial role in the control of malignant melanoma. In this context, expression of MHC I, MHC II and B7 molecules by melanoma cells is seen as relevant for the immune response against the tumour. For a better understanding of the biological relevance of MHC II and B7 expression by tumour cells in metastatic melanoma, we studied the expression of these molecules in melanoma metastases in relation to the inflammatory response, regression of the tumour and survival from 27 patients treated with biochemotherapy (30 mg m-2 Cisplatin and 250 mg m-2 decarbazine (dimethyl-triazene-imidazole-carboxamide, DTIC) on days 1-3 i.v., and 107 IU IFN-a2b 3 days a week s.c., q. 28d). In 19 out of 27 lesions studied, we found expression of MHC II by the tumour cells, while only in one out of II tumour biopsies obtained from untreated metastatic melanoma patients, MHC II expression was detected. Expression of B7.1 and B7.2 by tumour cells was found in nine out of 24 and 19 out of 24 lesions, respectively. In all cases where B7.1 expression was found, expression of B7.2 by the tumour cells was also seen. In general, no or only few inflammatory cells positive for B7 were found. Expression of MHC II by tumour cells was positively correlated with the presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, regression of the lesion, and with time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) of the patient. However, no significant correlation between B7.1 or B7.2 expression and regression of the tumour, TTP or OS was found. In light of other recent findings, these data altogether do support a role as biomarker for MHC II expression by tumour cells, however, its exact immunological pathomechanism(s) remain to be established. ⌐ 2003 Cancer Research UK.

  • 14.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    JNK mediates UVB-induced apoptosis upstream lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bcl-2 family proteins2008In: Apoptosis (London), ISSN 1360-8185, E-ISSN 1573-675X, Vol. 13, no 9, p. 1111-1120Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    UVB irradiation induced phosphorylation of JNK and subsequent apoptosis in human melanocytes. Depletion of both JNK1 and JNK2 expression using siRNA transfection, protected against apoptosis, as detected by decreased nuclear fragmentation and caspase-3 activity, as well as reduced translocation of Bax to mitochondria. Moreover, release of cathepsin B and D from lysosomes to the cytosol was reduced when JNK expression was suppressed by siRNA, demonstrating a JNK dependent regulation of lysosomal membrane permeabilization. In unirradiated control melanocytes, coimmunoprecipitation showed that Bim was sequestered by Mcl-1, which had a pro-survival function. After UVB irradiation, a significant decrease in Mcl-1 protein level was found, which was prevented by addition of a proteasome inhibitor. The interaction between Bim and Mcl-1 was reduced in response to UVB irradiation and Bim was phosphorylated in a JNK dependent manner. In conclusion, these findings Suggest JNK to have an important pro-apoptotic function following UVB irradiation in human melanocytes, by acting upstream of lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bim phosphorylation.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 15.
    Björk, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Nilsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Organic Chemistry. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lenner, Liselotte
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kågedal, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Persson, Birgitta
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Inganäs, Olle
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Jonasson, Jon
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Conjugated polythiophene probes target lysosome-related acidic vacuoles in cultured primary cells2007In: Molecular and Cellular Probes, ISSN 0890-8508, Vol. 21, no 5-6, p. 329-337Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Conformation-sensitive optical probes for studying biological processes and structures are of great interest. The present work shows for the first time that conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) probes can be used for specific targeting of chromatin, nuclear and cytoplasmatic vesicles, and cytoskeletal components in a complex system of cultured cells. One of the probes could also be used for vital staining of live cells. When bound to different entities, the polythiophene derivative probes emitted light with different colors due to the unique spectral properties of these conformation sensitive probes. The physical pre-requisites for binding could also be exploited for characterization of the target. Unexpectedly, lysosome-related acidic vacuoles were targeted in cultured primary cells by both anionic, cationic, and zwitter-ionic polythiophene derivatives. Pre-treatment with Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase, caused redistribution of the staining. The targeting of lysosome-related acidic vesicles could not be demonstrated in transformed cells (melanoma, neuroblastoma, and prostate cancer cell lines), indicating a difference in the localization, structure, accessibility, or quantity of the target in cultured normal cells as compared with the malignant cell lines. The chemical nature of the conjugated polyelectrolyte complex in the cytoplasmatic vacuoles remains elusive.

  • 16.
    Borch, Kurt
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Surgery . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Surgery in Östergötland.
    Skarsgard, J
    Franzén, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mårdh, Sven
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology.
    Rehfeld, JF
    Benign gastric polyps - Morphological and functional origin2003In: Digestive Diseases and Sciences, ISSN 0163-2116, E-ISSN 1573-2568, Vol. 48, no 7, p. 1292-1297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The most common types of benign gastric polyps are fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic polyps, and adenomas. The aim of this study was to determine on which morphological and functional background benign gastric polyps develop. The study includes 85 consecutive patients with gastric polyps and sex and age-matched controls without polyps selected at random from a general population sample. The type of polyp was hyperplastic in 52 (61%), fundic gland in 18 (21%), adenoma in 10 (12%), carcinoid in 2 (2%), hamartoma in 2 ( 2%), and inflammatory fibroid in 1 (1%) of the cases. Routine biopsies from the gastric corpus and antrum were examined for presence of gastritis and H. pylori. Blood samples were analyzed for H. pylori antibodies, H+, K+-ATPase antibodies, gastrin, and pepsinogen I. Patients with hyperplastic polyps had increased P-gastrin concentrations and S-H+, K+-ATPase antibody titers and decreased S-pepsinogen I concentrations with a high prevalence of atrophic corpus gastritis or pangastritis. A similar pattern was observed among patients with adenomas, whereas patients with fundic gland polyps had normal serology and a lower prevalence of gastritis and H. pylori infection than controls. In conclusion, hyperplastic polyps and adenomas are generally associated with atrophic gastritis. Patients with fundic gland polyps seem to have a sounder mucosa than controls. Whereas the risk of malignant gastric neoplasia is increased in patients with hyperplastic polyps or adenomas, this does not seem to be the case in patients with fundic gland polyps.

  • 17.
    Bourghardt Peebo, Beatrice
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Ophthalmology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Ophthalmology UHL/MH.
    Fagerholm, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Ophthalmology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Ophthalmology UHL/MH.
    Traneus-Rockert, Catharina
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Lagali, Neil
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Ophthalmology UHL/MH. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Ophthalmology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Cellular-Level Characterization of Lymph Vessels in Live, Unlabeled Corneas by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy2010In: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, ISSN 0146-0404, E-ISSN 1552-5783, Vol. 51, no 2, p. 830-835Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE. To determine whether in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) of the cornea can be used for the label-free detection and monitoring of lymph vessels in live corneas.

    METHODS. Parallel corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis was induced by the placement of a single suture in one cornea of male Wistar rats. Fourteen days after suture placement and under general anesthesia, laser-scanning IVCM was performed in the vascularized region. Corneas were subsequently excised for flat-mount double immunofluorescence with a pan-endothelial marker (PECAM-1/CD31) and a lymphatic endothelial specific marker (LYVE-1). Using the suture area and prominent blood vessels as points of reference, the identical microscopic region was located in both fluorescent and archived in vivo images. Additionally, vessel diameter, lumen contrast, and cell diameter and velocity within vessels were quantified from in vivo images.

    RESULTS. Comparison of identical corneal regions in fluorescence and in vivo revealed prominent CD31(+)/LYVE-1(3+) lymph vessels that were visible in vivo. In vivo, corneal lymph vessels were located in the vascularized area in the same focal plane as blood vessels but had a darker lumen (P andlt; 0.001) sparsely populated by highly reflective cells with diameters similar to those of leukocytes in blood vessels (P = 0.61). Cell velocity in lymph vessels was significantly reduced compared with blood particle velocity (P andlt; 0.001). Morphologic characteristics enabled subsequent identification of corneal lymphatics in live, vascularized rat corneas before immunofluorescence labeling.

    CONCLUSIONS. IVCM enabled the nondestructive, label-free, in vivo detection of corneal lymphatics. IVCM provides the possibility of observing lymphatic activity in the same live corneas longitudinally and, as a clinical instrument, of monitoring corneal lymphatics in live human subjects.

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  • 18.
    Brehmer, M
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Svensson, Irene
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Heat-induced apoptosis in human prostatic stromal cells2000In: BJU International, ISSN 1464-4096, E-ISSN 1464-410X, Vol. 85, no 4, p. 535-541Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To determine whether heat, used in transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for benign prostatic hyperplasia and which causes necrotic lesions within the adenoma, induces apoptosis in benign human prostatic stromal cells. Materials and methods. Prostatic stromal cells were cultured from benign human prostatic tissue. The origin of the cells was identified by immunohistochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy. Cell cultures were exposed to moderate hyperthermia (47░C) for 1 h and any apoptosis detected by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and the measurement of induced caspase-3-like activity. Results. The cultures contained a mixed population of smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts. Twenty-four hours after heat exposure, 76% of the cells were apoptotic and the caspase activity had increased, whereas only 14% of the cells were necrotic. Conclusion. Moderate hyperthermia induces apoptosis in cultured human prostatic stromal cells.

  • 19.
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Book review "Lysosomal pathways of protein degradation"2001In: Experimental Gerontology, ISSN 0531-5565, E-ISSN 1873-6815, Vol. 36, p. 1419-1420Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 20.
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Lysosomotropic detergents induce time- and dose- dependent apoptosis/necrosis in cultured cells.2000In: Redox report, ISSN 1351-0002, E-ISSN 1743-2928, Vol. 5, p. 87-88Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 21.
    Brunk, Ulf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Svensson, Irene
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Oxidative stress, growth-factor starvation, and CD-95-activation may all cause apoptosis through lysosomal leak.1999In: Redox report, ISSN 1351-0002, E-ISSN 1743-2928, Vol. 4Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 22.
    Brunk, Ulf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Terman, Alexei
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology.
    Lipofuscin: Mechanisms of age-related accumulation and influence on cell function2002In: Free Radical Biology & Medicine, ISSN 0891-5849, E-ISSN 1873-4596, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 611-619Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The accumulation of lipofuscin within postmitotic cells is a recognized hallmark of aging occuring with a rate inversely related to longevity. Lipofuscin is an intralysosomal, polymeric substance, primarily composed of cross-linked protein residues, formed due to iron-catalyzed oxidative processes. Because it is undegradable and cannot be removed via exocytosis, lipofuscin accumulation in postmitotic cells is inevitable, whereas proliferative cells efficiently dilute it during division. The rate of lipofuscin formation can be experimentally manipulated. In cell culture models, oxidative stress (e.g., exposure to 40% ambient oxygen or low molecular weight iron) promotes lipofuscin accumulation, whereas growth at 8% oxygen and treatment with antioxidants or iron-chelators diminish it. Lipofuscin is a fluorochrome and may sensitize lysosomes to visible light, a process potentially important for the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Lipofuscin-associated iron sensitizes lysosomes to oxidative stress, jeopardizing lysosomal stability and causing apoptosis due to release of lysosomal contents. Lipofuscin accumulation may also diminish autophagocytotic capacity by acting as a sink for newly produced lysosomal enzymes and, therefore, interfere with recycling of cellular components. Lipofuscin, thus, may be much more directly related to cellular degeneration at old age than was hitherto believed.

  • 23.
    Brunk, Ulf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Terman, Alexei
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology.
    The mitochondrial-lysosomal axis theory of aging: Accumulation of damaged mitochondria as a result of imperfect autophagocytosis2002In: European Journal of Biochemistry, ISSN 0014-2956, E-ISSN 1432-1033, Vol. 269, no 8, p. 1996-2002Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cellular manifestations of aging are most pronounced in postmitotic cells, such as neurons and cardiac myocytes. Alterations of these cells, which are responsible for essential functions of brain and heart, are particularly important contributors to the overall aging process. Mitochondria and lysosomes of postmitotic cells suffer the most remarkable age-related alterations of all cellular organelles. Many mitochondria undergo enlargement and structural disorganization, while lysosomes, which are normally responsible for mitochondrial turnover, gradually accumulate an undegradable, polymeric, autofluorescent material called lipofuscin, or age pigment. We believe that these changes occur not only due to continuous oxidative stress (causing oxidation of mitochondrial constituents and autophagocytosed material), but also because of the inherent inability of cells to completely remove oxidatively damaged structures (biological 'garbage'). A possible factor limiting the effectiveness of mitochondial turnover is the enlargement of mitochondria which may reflect their impaired fission. Non-autophagocytosed mitochondria undergo further oxidative damage, resulting in decreasing energy production and increasing generation of reactive oxygen species. Damaged, enlarged and functionally disabled mitochondria gradually displace normal ones, which cannot replicate indefinitely because of limited cell volume. Although lipofuscin-loaded lysosomes continue to receive newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes, the pigment is undegradable. Therefore, advanced lipofuscin accumulation may greatly diminish lysosomal degradative capacity by preventing lysosomal enzymes from targeting to functional autophagosomes, further limiting mitochondrial recycling. This interrelated mitochondrial and lysosomal damage irreversibly leads to functional decay and death of postmitotic cells.

  • 24.
    Brunk, Ulf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology .
    Yu, ZQ
    Persson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Respiratory Medicine UHL.
    Eaton, John Wallace
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Lysosomes, iron and oxidative stress2003In: Free radical research, ISSN 1071-5762, E-ISSN 1029-2470, Vol. 37, p. 34-34Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 25.
    Cederbrant, K
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Gunnarsson, L G
    Marcusson, J
    Mercury intolerance and lymphocyte transformation test with nickel sulfate, palladium chloride, mercuric chloride, and gold sodium thiosulfate.2000In: Environmental Research, ISSN 0013-9351, E-ISSN 1096-0953, Vol. 84, p. 140-144Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Cederbrant, Karin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Anderson, C
    Andersson, T
    Marcusson-Ståhl, M
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Cytokine production, lymphocyte proliferation and T-cell receptor Vbeta expression in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from nickel-allergic individuals2003In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, ISSN 1018-2438, E-ISSN 1423-0097, Vol. 132, no 4, p. 373-379Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Clinical history and patch test constitute the two cornerstones in the diagnosis of nickel (Ni) allergy. Due to technical and interpretative limits of the patch test, the in vitro lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) has been developed for confirming contact allergy, however, most studies show an overlap in lymphocyte proliferation between Ni-allergic and nonallergic subjects using the LTT. The aim of this study was to see if the secretion of cytokines, especially interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17, or the use of T-cell receptor (TCR) V▀ families in Ni-stimulated primary peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures might be more useful for discriminating between allergic and nonallergic subjects. Methods: Ni2+-stimulated primary PBMC cultures derived from female subjects diagnosed as Ni-allergic (n = 5) or nonallergic (n = 5) on the basis of a positive or negative patch test were assessed for cell proliferation by tritiated thymidine incorporation and for production of interferon-?, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-17 in the culture supernatant by ELISA. The immunophenotype and TCR-V▀ family affiliation of the Ni2+-induced lymphoblasts were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Lymphocytes from Ni-allergic individuals challenged with a high and a low concentration of Ni showed significantly higher cell proliferation than lymphocytes from nonallergic individuals, but all subjects showed a positive LTT result (stimulation index>2). We found a significantly higher release of IL-10 in Ni2+-treated cultures from Ni-allergic compared with nonallergic subjects that provided better separation between individuals in the two groups than did lymphocyte proliferation. The proliferating lymphoblasts were predominantly CD4+, and in 2 of the 5 Ni-allergic subjects, but in none of the 5 nonallergic subjects, the CD4+ lymphoblasts showed a dominance of TCR-V▀17. Conclusions: Determination of IL-10 production in primary PBMC cultures is a potentially promising in vitro method for discrimination of Ni allergy in females, as compared with cell proliferation. Copyright ⌐ 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  • 27.
    Chowdhury, Shamsul
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik
    Oskarshamns sjukhus .
    Krusinska, Ewa
    Technical University of Wroclaw, Poland .
    Franzén, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Wigertz, Ove
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Design and delivery of information resources and knowledge bases for the diagnosis and managementof liver disorders1994In: ANZIIS-94,1994, Brisbane: IEEE , 1994Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Clinchy, Birgitta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery.
    Fransson, Annelie
    Druvefors, Pelle
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Surgery in Östergötland.
    Hellsten, Anna
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery.
    Håkansson, Annika
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Gustafsson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Sjödahl, Rune
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Surgery in Östergötland.
    Håkansson, Leif
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Preoperative interleukin-6 production by mononuclear blood cells predicts survival after radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma2007In: Cancer, ISSN 0008-543X, E-ISSN 1097-0142, Vol. 109, no 9, p. 1742-1749Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the Western world. Staging based on histopathology is currently the most accurate predictor of outcome after surgery. Colorectal cancer is curable if treated at an early stage (stage I-III). However, for tumors in stages II and III there is a great need for tests giving more accurate prognostic information defining the patient population in need of closer follow-up and/or adjuvant therapy. Furthermore, tests that provide prognostic information preoperatively could provide a guide both for preoperative oncologic treatment and the surgical procedure. METHODS. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated preoperatively, within a week before primary surgery, from 39 patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. The PBMCs were cultured in vitro for 24 hours in the presence of autologous serum and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) production was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Staging based on histopathology was performed in all patients. Patients were followed for at least 54 months. RESULTS. A production of >5000 pg/mL of IL-6 identified colorectal cancer patients with a poor prognosis. Eight out of 13 patients with >5000 pg/mL IL-6 died from cancer within the follow-up period, whereas no cancer-related deaths were recorded among 21 patients with 5000 pg/mL IL-6 or less. A multivariate Cox regression analysis, stratified for T- and N-stage, identified IL-6 production as an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS. IL-6 production in vitro by PBMC can predict survival after radical surgery for colorectal cancer. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

  • 29.
    Dabrosin, Charlotta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Johansson, Ann-Charlotte
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Decreased secretion of Cathepsin D in breast cancer in vivo by tamoxifen: Mediated by the mannose-6-phosphate/IGF-II receptor?2004In: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, ISSN 0167-6806, E-ISSN 1573-7217, Vol. 85, no 3, p. 229-238Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The lysosomal protease Catliepsin D (Cath D) is associated with increased invasiveness and metastasis in breast cancer. Both estrogen and tamoxifen have been reported to increase Cath D, which seems to contradict the efficacy of tamoxifen as an adjuvant for estrogen dependent breast cancer. Cath D is bioactive in the extracellular space but very little is known about hormonal regulation of secreted Cath D in vivo. In this study we used microdialysis to sample the extracellular fluid in estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 tumors in nude mice. We show that tamoxifen in combination with estradiol decreased secreted Cath D compared with estradiol treatment only in solid tumors in situ. Cell culture of MCF-7 cells revealed that estradiol and tamoxifen increased intracellular proteolytic activity of Cath D in a similar fashion whereas secretion of Cath D was increased by estradiol and inhibited by tamoxifen. Immunofluorescence showed that estradiol located Cath D to the cell surface, while tamoxifen accumulated Cath D to dense lysosomes in perinuclear regions. Moreover, tamoxifen increased the intracellular transporter of Cath D, the mannose 6-phosphate/IGF-II receptor (M6P/IGF2R). In contrast, estradiol decreased the levels of this receptor. Thus, secretion of Cath D is hormone dependent and may be mediated by altered expression of the M6P/IGF2R. Our results highlight the importance of measurements of proteins in all compartments where they are biological active and show that microdialysis is a viable technique for sampling of Cath D in vivo.

  • 30.
    Dabrosin, Charlotta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Variability of glutathione during the menstrual cycle - Due to estrogen effects on hepatocytes?2004In: Free Radical Biology & Medicine, ISSN 0891-5849, E-ISSN 1873-4596, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 145-151Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Oxidative stress and alterations in the antioxidative defense system may be involved in carcinogenesis. We have previously shown that the levels of glutathione (GSH) in vivo in both breast tissue and subcutaneous fat were higher in the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase, suggesting an overall increase in GSH. This result was confirmed in the present study. Moreover, we exposed normal breast tissue in vivo, breast epithelial cells in vitro, and hepatocytes in culture to ovarian hormones. We found that local perfusion with estradiol, using microdialysis, in normal human breast tissue did not alter the local GSH levels in vivo. In vitro, treatment with estradiol and progesterone of normal human breast epithelial cells did not alter GSH levels. However, levels of GSH in hepatocytes were after 8 h estradiol exposure initially decreased, 76.6 ± 5% of control cells, p < .05, whereas 20 h exposure more than doubled GSH, 209 ± 26% compared with control cells, p < .01. Progesterone had no additional effect. Exposure of hepatocytes to estradiol increased the cellular content of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis. In conclusion we suggest that estradiol affects the GSH homeostasis mainly by effects on hepatocytes, whereas local production in the breast is unaffected by estradiol.

  • 31.
    Dahlfors, Gunilla
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Chen, Yun
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Gustafsson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Arnqvist, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Internal Medicine. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, MKC-2, GE: endomed. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Inhibitory effect of diabetes on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle after balloon injury in rat aorta2000In: Experimental Diabetes Research, ISSN 1687-5214, E-ISSN 1687-5303, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 101-109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on cell proliferation in rat aortic intima-media, as well as on local gene expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was studied. TGF-β1 mRNA was measured by solution hybridization and TGF-β1 protein by ELISA. Proliferation was measured by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation into DNA two days after balloon injury. All BrdU-labelled cells observed were smooth muscle cells. After a diabetes duration of 2 and 4 weeks, labelled cells were significantly fewer compared with controls. Circulating levels of total TGF-β1 were lowered in rats with 2 weeks diabetes. Although the balloon injury procedure by itself stimulated the gene expression of TGF-β1, no significant difference in TGF-β1 mRNA content between diabetic and control rats after injury was found. In conclusion: vascular smooth muscle proliferation in vivo is inhibited by the diabetic state in this model of insulin deficient diabetes and this inhibition is not related to an impaired local expression of TGF-β1.

  • 32.
    Dalen, Helge
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Neuzil, Jiri
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology.
    a-tocopheryl succinate sensitises a T lymphoma cell line to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by suppressing NF-?B activation2003In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 88, no 1, p. 153-158Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Activation of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) can interfere with induction of apoptosis triggered by the tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL, Apo2L). Therefore, agents that suppress NF-?B activation may sensitise cells to TRAIL-dependent apoptosis. Exposure of Jurkat cells to TRAIL resulted in massive and saturable apoptosis induction, following an initial lag time. This lag was abolished by pretreatment of the cells with subapoptotic doses of a-tocopheryl succinate (a-TOS) or the proteasome inhibitor MGI32. Exposure of the cells to TRAIL led to a rapid, transient activation of NF-?B, a process that was suppressed by cell pretreatment with a-TOS or MGI32. Activation of NF-?B by TNF-a prior to TRAIL exposure increased resistance of the cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. We conclude that a-TOS sensitises cells to TRAIL killing, at least in some cases, through inhibition of NF-?B activation. This further supports the possibility that this semisynthetic analogue of vitamin E is a potential adjuvant in cancer treatment, such as in the case of TRAIL-mediated inhibition of cancer.

  • 33. Davidsson, A.
    et al.
    Andersson, T.
    Hellquist, HB
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Apoptosis and phagocytosis of tissue-dwelling eosinophils in sinonasal polyps2000In: The Laryngoscope, ISSN 0023-852X, E-ISSN 1531-4995, Vol. 110, no 1, p. 111-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Sinonasal polyps contain numerous tissue-dwelling eosinophils, but the mechanisms causing their accumulation, functional activities, and resolution are largely unknown. Study Design: Nasal polyp tissue from 14 patients was evaluated for cellular expression of CD95, CD68, and Annexin-V, for the degree of apoptosis, and for phagocytosis of eosinophils. Material and Methods: Histological sections were immunostained as single stains for CD95, CD68, and Annexin-V, and as an immunostaining for CD68 combined with a modified Vital New Red staining. The latter staining is specific for eosinophils. Other sections were stained by terminal d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and routinely stained for H and E. Evaluation of the amount of stained cells was performed by counting the average number in 10 randomly chosen high-power fields. The TUNEL positivity was in all cases confirmed with apoptotic morphology. Results: The inflammatory infiltrate consisted of numerous eosinophils but also a considerable amount of lymphocytes, mast cells, and macrophage-like CD68+ cells. CD95 was frequently expressed on eosinophils, on numerous other inflammatory cells, and also on morphologically apoptotic cells. Annexin-V-positive eosinophils were not as frequent as CD95+ cells, but numerous Annexin-V-positive eosinophils were found. CD68+ cells approximately equalled the number of eosinophils. The number of cells phagocytosing eosinophils varied between polyps. Apoptosis of eosinophils (as evaluated by TUNEL combined with apoptotic morphology) was a common finding in six of the polyps. Conclusions: Previous in vitro and ex vivo findings of CD95 on eosinophils are now supported by demonstration of CD95 on eosinophils in this in vivo study. This investigation revealed a switch of the membrane-bound phosphatidylserine of apoptotic cells, which is a novel observation. The study has demonstrated apoptosis of tissue-dwelling eosinophils, and that CD68+ macrophage-like cells phagocytose eosinophils within the sinonasal polyps.

  • 34.
    Diffner, Eva
    et al.
    Lund University.
    Gauffin, Fredrika
    Karolinska University Hospital.
    Anagnostaki, Lola
    Malmö University Hospital .
    Nordgren, Ann
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Gustafsson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Sander, Birgitta
    Karolinska University Hospital.
    Gustafsson, Britt
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Liao Persson, Jenny
    Lund University.
    Expression of VEGF and VEGF Receptors in Childhood Precursor B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry2009In: Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology (Print), ISSN 1077-4114, E-ISSN 1536-3678, Vol. 31, no 9, p. 696-701Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Perturbation in the expression and signaling pathways of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been linked to pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies. We investigated the expression and clinical importance of VEGF and two of its receptors, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, in childhood precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) by using immunohistochemistry. These angiogenic proteins were expressed in the majority of leukemic bone marrow samples. Notably, pre-B ALL patients had significantly increased expression of VEGFR-1 compared with no expression in the nonmalignant group, indicating a link between VEGFR-1 protein expression and pre-B ALL. These novel findings suggest that VEGFR-1 may have clinical importance in childhood pre-B ALL.

  • 35. Doulias, Paschalis-Thomas
    et al.
    Christoforidis, Savas
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Galaris, Dimitrios
    Endosomal and lysosomal effects of desferrioxamine: Protection of HeLa cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and induction of cell-cycle arrest2003In: Free Radical Biology & Medicine, ISSN 0891-5849, E-ISSN 1873-4596, Vol. 35, no 7, p. 719-728Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of endosomal/lysosomal redox-active iron in H2O 2-induced nuclear DNA damage as well as in cell proliferation was examined using the iron chelator desferrioxamine (DFO). Transient transfections of HeLa cells with vectors encoding dominant proteins involved in the regulation of various routes of endocytosis (dynamin and Rab5) were used to show that DFO (a potent and rather specific iron chelator) enters cells by fluid-phase endocytosis and exerts its effects by chelating redox-active iron present in the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Endocytosed DFO effectively protected cells against H2O2-induced DNA damage, indicating the importance of endosomal/lysosomal redox-active iron in these processes. Moreover, exposure of cells to DFO in a range of concentrations (0.1 to 100 ╡M) inhibited cell proliferation in a fluid-phase endocytosis- dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis of cells exposed to 100 ╡M DFO for 24 h showed that the cell cycle was transiently interrupted at the G 2/M phase, while treatment for 48 h led to permanent cell arrest. Collectively, the above results clearly indicate that DFO has to be endocytosed by the fluid-phase pathway to protect cells against H2O 2-induced DNA damage. Moreover, chelation of iron in the endosomal/lysosomal cell compartment leads to cell cycle interruption, indicating that all cellular labile iron is propagated through this compartment before its anabolic use is possible.

  • 36.
    Eintrei, Christina
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthesiology and Surgical Centre, Department of Intensive Care UHL.
    Bergdahl, Björn
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Fyrenius, Anna
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Clinical Physiology.
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Theodorsson, Elvar
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of clinical chemistry. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Revising a medical PBL-curriculum - the Linköping strategy2004In: Association for Medical Education in Europe,2004, 2004Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Ekstedt, Mattias
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Franzén, Lennart E.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik L.
    Department of Internal Medicine, County Hospital, Oskarshamn, Sweden.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Kechagias, Stergios
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Internal Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    The clinical relevance of the Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS) in predicting fibrosis progression2008Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The NAFLD activity score (NAS) is a newly proposed system to grade the necroinflammatory activity in liver biopsies of NAFLD patients. This study evaluates the usefulness of the NAS in predicting clinical deterioration and fibrosis progression in NAFLD.

    Methods: One hundred and twenty-nine patients with biopsy proven NAFLD were included in a long-term histological follow-up study. Clinical and histological course were compared between NASH, “borderline NASH”, and “not NASH” patients. Significant fibrosis progression in NAFLD was defined as progression of more than one fibrosis stage or development of end-stage liver disease during follow-up.

    Results: Eighty-eight patients accepted re-evaluation and 68 underwent repeat liver biopsy. Mean time between biopsies was 13.8 ± 1.2 years (range 10.3-16.3). At baseline, NASH was diagnosed in 2 (1.6%) patients, and at follow-up, in 1 (1.5%) patient. A trend towards higher baseline NAS was seen in patients (n = 7) that developed end-stage liver disease (3.1 ± 0.9 vs. 2.4 ± 1.0; P = 0.062). Baseline NAS was significantly higher in patients with progressive fibrosis (2.9 ± 0.9 vs. 2.2 ± 0.9; P = 0.017), and NAS was independently associated with significant fibrosis progression tested in a multivariate analysis (P = 0.023). However, 18% of patients without NASH progressed significantly in fibrosis stage.

    Conclusion: Although the NAS is independently associated with future risk of progressive fibrosis in NAFLD, the clinical usefulness of the score is limited due to the significant overlap in clinical development between NAS-score groups.

  • 38.
    Ekstedt, Mattias
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Franzén, Lennart E
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik L
    Department of Internal Medicine, County Hospital, Oskarshamn, Sweden.
    Holmqvist, Marika
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Kechagias, Stergios
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Internal Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Statins in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronically elevated liver enzymes: a histopathological follow-up study.2007In: Journal of Hepatology, ISSN 0168-8278, E-ISSN 1600-0641, Vol. 47, no 1, p. 135-141Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Aims: The effect of statins on hepatic histology in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not known. This study explores hepatic histology in NAFLD patients before and after initiation of statin therapy and compares histological outcome with NAFLD patients who had not been prescribed statins.

    Methods: Sixty-eight NAFLD patients were re-evaluated. Follow-up ranged from 10.3 to 16.3 years. Subjects were clinically investigated and a repeat liver biopsy was obtained. No patient was taking statins at baseline while 17 patients were treated with statins at follow-up.

    Results: At baseline, patients that later were prescribed statins had significantly higher BMI and more pronounced hepatic steatosis. At follow-up patients on medication with statins continued to have significantly higher BMI. Diabetes was significantly more common among patients on medication with statins and they had significantly more pronounced insulin resistance. However, they exhibited a significant reduction of liver steatosis at follow-up as opposed to patients not taking statins. Despite exhibiting a high risk profile for progression of liver fibrosis, only four patients on statin treatment progressed in fibrosis stage.

    Conclusions: Statins can be prescribed in patients with elevated liver enzymes because of NAFLD.

  • 39.
    Ekstedt, Mattias
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Franzén, Lennart E
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mathiesen, Ulrik L
    Department of Internal Medicine, County Hospital, Oskarshamn, Sweden;.
    Thorelius, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Holmqvist, Marika
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bodemar, Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Kechagias, Stergios
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Internal Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes.2006In: Hepatology, ISSN 0270-9139, E-ISSN 1527-3350, Vol. 44, no 4, p. 865-873Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in patients of developed countries. We determined the long-term clinical and histological courses of such patients. In a cohort study, 129 consecutively enrolled patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven NAFLD were reevaluated. Survival and causes of death were compared with a matched reference population. Living NAFLD patients were offered repeat liver biopsy and clinical and biochemical investigation. Mean follow-up (SD) was 13.7 (1.3) years. Mortality was not increased in patients with steatosis. Survival of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was reduced (P = .01). These subjects more often died from cardiovascular (P = .04) and liver-related (P = .04) causes. Seven patients (5.4%) developed end-stage liver disease, including 3 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The absence of periportal fibrosis at baseline had a negative predictive value of 100% in predicting liver-related complications. At follow-up, 69 of 88 patients had diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Progression of liver fibrosis occurred in 41%. These subjects more often had a weight gain exceeding 5 kg (P = .02), they were more insulin resistant (P = .04), and they exhibited more pronounced hepatic fatty infiltration (P = .03) at follow-up. In conclusion, NAFLD with elevated liver enzymes is associated with a clinically significant risk of developing end-stage liver disease. Survival is lower in patients with NASH. Most NAFLD patients will develop diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in the long term. Progression of liver fibrosis is associated with more pronounced insulin resistance and significant weight gain.

  • 40.
    Ekstrand, Jimmy
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nielsen, Jesper B
    University South Denmark.
    Havarinasab, Said
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Zalups, Rudolfs K
    Mercer University.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Mercury toxicokinetics-dependency on strain and gender2010In: TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY, ISSN 0041-008X, Vol. 243, no 3, p. 283-291Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mercury (Hg) exposure from dental amalgam fillings and thimerosal in vaccines is not a major health hazard, but adverse health effects cannot be ruled out in a small and more susceptible part of the exposed population. Individual differences in toxicokinetics may explain susceptibility to mercury. Inbred, H-2-congenic A.SW and B10.S mice and their F1- and F2-hybrids were given HgCl2 with 2.0 mg Hg/L drinking water and traces of Hg-203. Whole-body retention (WBR) was monitored until steady state after 5 weeks, when the organ Hg content was assessed. Despite similar Hg intake, A.SW males attained a 20-30% significantly higher WBR and 2- to 5-fold higher total renal Hg retention/concentration than A.SW females and B10.S mice. A selective renal Hg accumulation but of lower magnitude was seen also in B10.S males compared with females. Differences in WBR and organ Hg accumulation are therefore regulated by non-H-2 genes and gender. Lymph nodes lacked the strain- and gender-dependent Hg accumulation profile of kidney, liver and spleen. After 15 days without Hg A.SW mice showed a 4-fold higher WBR and liver Hg concentration, but 11-fold higher renal Hg concentration, showing the key role for the kidneys in explaining the slower Hg elimination in A.SW mice. The trait causing higher mercury accumulation was not dominantly inherited in the F1 hybrids. F2 mice showed a large inter-individual variation in Hg accumulation, showing that multiple genetic factors influence the Hg toxicokinetics in the mouse. The genetically heterogeneous human population may therefore show a large variation in mercury toxicokinetics.

  • 41.
    Elander, Louise
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Engström, Linda
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hallbeck, Martin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of cell biology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Blomqvist, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    IL-1β and LPS induce anorexia by distinct mechanisms differentially dependent on microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-12007In: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, ISSN 0363-6119, E-ISSN 1522-1490, Vol. 292, no 1, p. R258-R267Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent work demonstrated that the febrile response to peripheral immune stimulation with proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β or bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is mediated by induced synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by the terminal enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). The present study examined whether a similar mechanism might also mediate the anorexia induced by these inflammatory agents. Transgenic mice with a deletion of the Ptges gene, which encodes mPGES-1, and wild-type controls were injected intraperitoneally with IL-1β, LPS, or saline. Mice were free fed, and food intake was continuously monitored with an automated system for 12 h. Body weight was recorded every 24 h for 4 days. The IL-1β induced anorexia in wild-type but not knock-out mice, and so it was almost completely dependent on mPGES-1. In contrast, LPS induced anorexia of the same magnitude in both phenotypes, and hence it was independent of mPGES-1. However, when the mice were prestarved for 22 h, LPS induced anorexia and concomitant body weight loss in the knock-out animals that was attenuated compared with the wildtype controls. These data suggest that IL-1β and LPS induce anorexia by distinct immune-to-brain signaling pathways and that the anorexia induced by LPS is mediated by a mechanism different from the fever induced by LPS. However, nutritional state and/or motivational factors also seem to influence the pathways for immune signaling to the brain. Furthermore, both IL-1β and LPS caused reduced meal size but not meal frequency, suggesting that both agents exerted an anhedonic effect during these experimental conditions. Copyright © 2007 the American Physiological Society.

  • 42.
    Elander, Louise
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hallbeck, Martin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Engblom, David
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Blomqvist, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Prostaglandin E2 receptors in IL-1β induced anorexiaManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Anorexia in response to immune challenge by Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been shown to be dependent on Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) produced by the inducible enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). However, it is not known which of the four known PGE2 receptors EP1-4, encoded by the genes Ptger 1-4, that mediates the PGE2-induced anorexia. Here we examined food intake in mice deficient in EP1, EP2 and EP3, respectively, during normal conditions and following treatment with IL-1β. Neither of the gene deletions affected baseline food intake, and all the three genotypes displayed anorexia following IL-1β injection, similar to wild type mice. Previous work has demonstrated that the EP3 receptor is critical for the generation of fever, and that EP1 and EP3 receptors mediate inflammationinduced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The present data, showing intact anorexigenic responses in EP1 and EP3 deficient mice, as well as in mice with deletion of the EP2 receptor, hence suggest that PGE2-elicited acute phase responses are mediated by distinct set or sets of PGE2-receptors.

  • 43.
    Elander, Nils
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ungerbäck, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Olsson, Hans
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Uematsu, Satoshi
    Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
    Akira, Shizuo
    Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology.
    Genetic deletion of mPGES-1 accelerates intestinal tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ mice2008In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC, ISSN 0006-291X, E-ISSN 1090-2104, Vol. 372, no 1, p. 249-253Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The induced synthesis of bioactive prostanoids downstream of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) exerts a critical event in colorectal carcinogenesis. Here we demonstrate that APCMin/+ mice with genetic deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), which catalyses the terminal conversion of PGH2 into PGE2, surprisingly develop more and generally larger intestinal tumors than do mPGES-1 wild type littermates (mean number of tumors/intestine 80 vs. 38, p < 0.0005, mean tumor diameter 1.64 vs. 1.12 mm, p < 0.0005). No deviation regarding the expression of other PGE2 related enzymes (COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-2, cPGES, and 15-PGDH) or receptors (EP1-4) was obvious among the mPGES-1 deficient mice. PGE2 levels were suppressed in tumors of mPGES-1 deficient animals, but the concentrations of other PGH2 derived prostanoids were generally enhanced, being most prominent for TxA2 and PGD2. Thus, we hypothesise that a redirected synthesis towards other lipid mediators might (over)compensate for loss of mPGES-1/PGE2 during intestinal tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, our results question the suitability for mPGES-1 targeting therapy in the treatment or prevention of colorectal cancer. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  • 44. Ellnebo-Svedlund, Katarina
    et al.
    Larsson, Lasse
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of clinical chemistry. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Jonasson, Jon
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Magnusson, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of clinical chemistry. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Rapid genotyping of the osteoporosis-associated polymorphic transcription factor Sp1 binding site in the COL1A1 gene by pyrosequencing2004In: Molecular Biotechnology, ISSN 1073-6085, E-ISSN 1559-0305, Vol. 26, p. 87-90Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Eneström, S
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Nilsson, A
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Peen, E
    Transportation and storage of cryosections in PBS-Dulbecco.1999In: Biotechnic & Histochemistry, ISSN 1052-0295, E-ISSN 1473-7760, Vol. 74, p. 34-39Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 46. Erga, KS
    et al.
    Peen, E
    Eneström, S
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Reed, RK
    Effects of lactoferrin on rat dermal interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) and in vitro endothelial barrier function2001In: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6772, E-ISSN 1365-201X, Vol. 171, no 4, p. 419-425Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We recently demonstrated that intravenous (i.v.) injection of the iron-binding protein lactoferrin (Lf) followed by antilactoferrin (aLf) antibodies or iron-saturated Lf alone increased albumin extravasation in vivo in several tissues including skin. Increased driving pressure for blood-tissue exchange or direct effects of Lf on the endothelial barrier are possible mechanisms. We therefore, firstly, measured interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) in dermis of rats given 1 mg Lf i.v. followed 30 min later by aLf or saline and circulatory arrest 1 or 5 min thereafter and compared with controls. Secondly, transmonolayer passage of Evans blue labelled albumin (EB-albumin) was evaluated in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells exposed to iron-free or iron-saturated Lf (both 100 ╡g mL-1) in the absence and presence of 0.5 mM hydrogen peroxide. Pif increased significantly at 11-30 min following Lf to +2.1 ▒ 0.3 and +1.7 ▒ 0.2 mmHg at 11-20 and 21-30 min, respectively, compared with +0.1 ▒ 0.2 mmHg before Lf (P < 0.05, n = 25). Endothelial transmonolayer passage of EB-albumin during 3 h was not affected by iron-free or iron-saturated Lf neither in the absence nor presence of hydrogen peroxide that increased passage 3.5 times compared with controls. In conclusion, Lf-induced increase in albumin extravasation in rat skin is not explained by changes in Pif (because Lf raised Pif significantly) or direct effects of Lf on the endothelial barrier.

  • 47.
    Ferm Widlund, Kjerstin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Gunnarsson, Cecilia
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Nordin, Karin
    Uppsala University.
    Hansson, Mats G
    Uppsala University.
    Pregnant women are satisfied with the information they receive about prenatal diagnosis, but are their decisions well informed?2009In: Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 88, no 10, p. 1128-1132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE. To survey the information about prenatal diagnosis that midwives give to pregnant women and to find out how the women experience the information. Furthermore, to evaluate the midwives' opinion about their knowledge and personal need for education. DESIGN. Descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING. The southeast healthcare region of Sweden. METHODS. One hundred and fifty-seven midwives and 150 pregnant women were invited to reply to a confidential questionnaire in 2008. RESULTS. The reply rate was 78% for the midwives and 53% for the women. Ninety-six percentage of the midwives used < or =10 minutes to inform women about prenatal diagnosis. Seventy-two percentage always informed about the advantages and 41% about the choice to continue or terminate the pregnancy if a serious abnormality was detected. In addition, 41% considered that they had sufficient knowledge to inform about prenatal diagnosis, while 84% wanted additional education. Seventy-six percentage of the women took the decision to have prenatal diagnosis as soon as they found out that they were pregnant. A majority considered that they had been given enough time for questions and reflections. CONCLUSIONS. There was discrepancy between the amount of information, which midwives gave to pregnant women about prenatal diagnosis compared to what would be needed for a complete understanding of the relevant medical facts and the risks involved, but even so the women were satisfied with the information.

  • 48.
    Fernö, Mårten
    et al.
    Lunds universitet.
    Haglund, Monica
    Universitetssjukhuset MAS, Malmö.
    Bendahl, Pär-Ola
    Lunds universitet.
    Olsson, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Molecular and Immunological Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Rydén, Lisa
    Universitetssjukhuset i Lund.
    Analys av HER2 i bröstcancer kvalitetssäkrad. Viktig behandlingsprediktiv och prognostisk faktor2008In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 105, no 32-33, p. 2181-2184Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) är en tyrosinkinasreceptor som förekommer överuttryckt i ca 15– 20 procent av invasiv bröstcancer och medför ökad risk för återfall i sjukdomen.

    HER2-status kan bestämmas immunhistokemiskt på proteinnivå eller med fluorescent in situ-hybridisering (FISH), som påvisar antalet genkopior. Analysen bör ingå vid rutindiagnostik av bröstcancer.

    Svenska HER2-analysgruppen utförde under 2005 och 2006 en reproducerbarhetsstudie av HER2-status genom att distribuera elva bröstcancerfall till patologlaboratorier i Sverige som rutinmässigt utför HER2-analyser.

    Resultaten visar att reproducerbarheten av HER2-status var god (2005) respektive mycket god (2006) för immunhistokemi och mycket god för FISH vid båda undersökningstillfällena.

  • 49.
    Franzén, Lennart
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Pathology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Ghassemifar, M.R.
    Salerud, Göran
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation.
    Tarpila, Erkki
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand surgery UHL.
    Actin fiber orientation in connective tissue contraction. A quantitative study using the perforated rat mesentery model.1996In: Wound Repair and Regeneration, ISSN 1067-1927, E-ISSN 1524-475X, Vol. 4, p. 454-460Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Frennesson, Christina
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Ophthalmology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Ophthalmology UHL/MH.
    Larsson, R
    Hultman, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Nilsson, SG
    Drusen and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with dense deposit disease (membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis type II). Favourable effect of photodynamic treatment (PDT)2003In: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, ISSN 0146-0404, E-ISSN 1552-5783, Vol. 44, p. 1774-Conference paper (Other academic)
12345 1 - 50 of 205
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