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  • 1.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Törma, Hans
    Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
    Vahlquist, Anders
    Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
    Differential effects of UV irradiation on the nuclear retinoid receptor levels of cultured keratinocytes and melanocytesManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in man. A major risk factor is UV irradiation, which not only damages DNA but may also perturb cellular signaling, e.g. via the retinoid receptor system believed to be important for cancer protection. We used cultured normal human keratinocytes and melanocytes to study the effects of UV radiation on the expression of the retinoid receptors RARα, RARβ, RARγ and RXRα. By real-time PCR and Western blot technique, the mRNA and protein levels were monitored, before and up to 4 days following 50 mJ/cm2 UVB. In keratinocytes, UVB caused a rapid drop in all four mRNA levels (minus 50-70% the first 8 h) and protein levels dropped by 30-40% followed by a gradual increase, but full normalization was ouly reached for RARα within the study period. ln melanocytes, UVB caused a quick drop both in the receptor mRNA and protein levels (minus 50-60% after 4 h), followed by normalization of the protein levels for all receptors within 2-3 days. The UV-induced depletion of vitamin A and retinoid receptors might abrogate the retinoid signaling, which subsequently might promote tumor development.

  • 2.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Törmä, H.
    Department of Medical Sciences, Sect. of Dermatol. and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Vahlquist, A.
    Department of Medical Sciences, Sect. of Dermatol. and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Ultraviolet irradiation depletes cellular retinol and alters the metabolism of retinoic acid in cultured human keratinocytes and melanocytes1999In: Melanoma research, ISSN 0960-8931, E-ISSN 1473-5636, Vol. 9, no 4, p. 339-346Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Vitamin A is an intrinsic modulator of proliferation and differentiation in human epidermis, and may be destroyed by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) impinging on the skin. To identify the deleterious effects of a perturbed cellular vitamin A status, we investigated the endogenous retinoid concentrations and the metabolism of [3H]retinol and all-trans [3H]retinoic acid in cultured human keratinocytes and melanocytes exposed to UVR, using high performance liquid chromatography. Before UVR the retinoid content was similar in keratinocytes and melanocytes, but the uptake of [3H]retinol was three-fold higher and the uptake of [3H]retinoic acid was 10-fold higher in the melanocytes. In both cell types, UVR (UVA 360 mJ/cm2 plus UVB 140 mJ/cm2) instantaneously reduced the concentration of retinol by about 50% and that of 3,4-didehydroretinol by about 20%. The retinoid concentrations returned to normal within 1-2 days post-irradiation, despite there being no overt increase in the uptake of [3H]retinol or the biosynthesis of 3,4- didehydroretinol. However, in both types of irradiated cells, the accumulation of the biologically most active metabolite, all-trans [3H]retinoic acid, was about 60% higher than in control cells. Furthermore, the metabolism of authentically supplied [3H]retinoic acid was reduced, especially in irradiated keratinocytes, which probably contributed to the restoration of retinoid levels after UV exposure.

  • 3.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Törmä, Hans
    Vahlquist, Anders
    Differential effects of UV irradiation on nuclear retinoid receptor levels in cultured keratinocytes and melanocytes2003In: Experimental dermatology, ISSN 0906-6705, E-ISSN 1600-0625, Vol. 12, no 5, p. 563-571Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A major risk factor for skin cancer is UV irradiation, which not only damages DNA and other photosensitive compounds like vitamin A, but may also perturb cellular signaling, e.g. via the retinoid receptor system believed to be important for cancer protection. We used cultured normal human keratinocytes and melanocytes to examine the effects of UV irradiation on the expression of the predominant retinoid receptors in the human skin (RARa, RAR? and RXRa) and the AP-1 protein c-Jun, mRNA levels were studied by real-time PCR and protein levels by Western blot. In keratinocytes, a single dose of UVB (50 mJ/cm2) caused a rapid drop in the expression of all three receptors (mRNA levels minus 35-50% after 4h, protein levels minus 20-45% after 8h), which was followed over the next 40 h by a variable response, leading to full normalization for RARa only. In contrast, the levels of c-Jun did not change significantly after UV exposure. In melanocytes, UVB caused a similar drop of the retinoid receptor levels as in keratinocytes but this was soon followed by an increased expression leading to a complete normalization of all receptor levels within 1-3 days. The c-Jun levels in melanocytes increased 1 day after UV exposure and remained high (plus 50%) thereafter. In both cell types, a ~3-fold increase in apoptosis (measured by DNA fragmentation) was observed 8-48 h after UVB irradiation. In conclusion, a depletion of vitamin A and retinoid receptors by UV irradiation, together with unchanged or even increased c-Jun levels, might seriously interfere with retinoid signaling and thus promote future tumor development, especially in keratinocytes. ⌐ Blackwell Munksgaard, 2003.

  • 4.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Vahlquist, Anders
    Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    β-Carotene Uptake and Bioconversion to Retinol Differ Between Human Melanocytes and Keratinocytes2001In: Nutrition and Cancer, ISSN 0163-5581, E-ISSN 1532-7914, Vol. 39, no 2, p. 300-306Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    β-Carotene is one of the carotenoids that has been considered to play a role in the natural defense against ultraviolet-induced skin cancer. It is not known whether epidermal cells are able to accumulate β-carotene and, subsequently, convert it to vitamin A. We used normal cultured human keratinocytes and melanocytes to study the uptake, and possible bioconversion to retinol, of authentic or [14C]β-carotene. The uptake was much higher in melanocytes than in keratinocytes, corresponding to a fivefold difference in the intracellular fraction after two days of incubation. An increased level of cellular retinol was noted after one day of β-carotene incubation. The conversion of [C]β-carotene to [14C]retinol peaked at 24 hours of incubation in keratinocytes and melanocytes. The results suggest that β-carotene can function as a local supply of vitamin A in the skin and that melanocytes are especially likely to store β-carotene.

  • 5.
    Appelqvist, Hanna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Eriksson, Ida
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Lysosomal exocytosis and caspase-8-mediated apoptosis in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes2013In: Journal of Cell Science, ISSN 0021-9533, E-ISSN 1477-9137, Vol. 126, no 24, p. 5578-5584Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a major environmental carcinogen involved in the development of skin cancer. To elucidate the initial signaling during UV-induced damage in human keratinocytes, we investigated lysosomal exocytosis and apoptosis induction. UVA, but not UVB, induced plasma membrane damage, which was repaired by Ca2+-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. The lysosomal exocytosis resulted in extracellular release of cathepsin D and acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase). Two hours after UVA irradiation, we detected activation of caspase-8, which was reduced by addition of anti-aSMAse. Furthermore, caspase-8 activation and apoptosis was reduced by prevention of endocytosis and by the use of cathepsin inhibitors. We conclude that lysosomal exocytosis is part of the keratinocyte response to UVA and is followed by cathepsin-dependent activation of caspase-8. The findings have implications for the understanding of UV-induced skin damage and emphasize that UVA and UVB initiate apoptosis through different signaling pathways in keratinocytes.

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  • 6. Basset-Seguin, N
    et al.
    Ibbotson, S
    Emtestam, L
    Tarstedt, M
    Morton, C
    Maroti, M
    Cazavara-Pinton, P
    Varma, S
    Roelandts, R
    Wolf, P
    Saksela, O
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Photodynamic therapy using methyl aminolaevulinate is as efficacious as cryotherapy in basal cell carcinoma, with better cosmetic results2003In: British Journal of Dermatology, ISSN 0007-0963, E-ISSN 1365-2133, Vol. 149, p. 46-46Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Berglind, Mari
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Ignatova, Simone
    Levin, Lars-Åke
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Larkö, Olle
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Uppskattning av antal patienter med basalcellscancer i Sverige under 2003 samt kostnader för diagnostik och behandling2006Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    SSI:s vetenskapliga UV-råd skall ge myndigheten råd om det vetenskapliga underlaget beträffande sambandet UV-strålning och biologiska effekter. Vidare ligger i uppdraget att ge vägledning inför SSI:s ställningstagande i frågor av policykaraktär. Rådet har under året haft följande ledamöter: docent Harry Beitner, docent Yvonne Brandberg, meteorolog Weine Josefsson, professor Olle Larkö, professor Ulrik Ringborg (ordförande), docent Bernt Lindelöf, professor Per Söderberg, professor Rune Toftgård, docent Johan Hansson och docent Johan Westerdahl. Till rådet har adjungerats myndighetsspecialist Lars-Erik Paulsson.

    Alla tre hudcancerformer - malignt melanom, skivepitelcancer och basalcellscancer – ökar i Sverige och internationellt. Gemensamt för alla tre formerna är att ökningen sammanhänger med exposition av solens UV-strålning, den viktigaste yttre riskfaktorn. Av detta följer att modifiering av UV-exposition, framför allt genom ändrade solvanor i befolkningen, bör kunna leda till en minskning av förekomsten av hudcancer. Primär prevention genom förebyggande insatser med syfte minskad UV-exposition, bedöms vara ett betydelsefullt sätt att motverka uppkomsten av alla tre formerna av hudcancer.

    Ett annat gemensamt drag hos dessa tre tumörformer är nyttan av tidig diagnostik. Ett tidigt avlägsnande av en hudcancer innebär mindre sjukvårdsinsatser och, för framför allt malignt melanom, minskad risk för tumörspridning. Tumörutvecklingen sker ofta via förstadier och ökad kunskap om dessa leder till möjligheter att avlägsna förstadier innan dessa har hunnit bli elakartade tumörer. Denna form av tidigdiagnostik gränsar till den primära preventionen.

    Av de tre formerna hudcancer är det i första hand malignt melanom som kan förorsaka död i sjukdomen. Ett väsentligt mål med förebyggande insatser är därför att minska dödligheten. För alla tre formerna kan insjuknande förorsaka betydande besvär för patienten. På grund av den rikliga förekomsten av maligna hudtumörer är sjukvårdskostnader betydande. Därför är mål för förebyggande insatser också minskad morbiditet och sjukvårdskostnader. Förutom hudcancer orsakar solens UV-strålning betydande problem i form av ögonskador.

    I årets rapport redovisas (1) epidemiologiska aspekter av malignt hudmelanom, som under senare år uppvisar en stegrad ökningstakt; (2) maligna melanom hos barn och ungdomar; (3) förslag till studier av skivepitelcancer och yrke; (4) förekomst och kostnader för medicinsk handläggning av patienter med basalcellscancer, som visar höga incidenssiffror och höga kostnader; (5) lymfom och UV-strålning; (6) UV-strålning och katarakt, betydelsefullt med förebyggande åtgärder; (7) förslag till workshop om cellulära effekter av UV-strålning; (8) rekommendation att använda den uppgraderade versionen av European Code Against Cancer; (9) UV-strålning och vitamin D, viss UV-dos är av nytta; (10) dosrat och fraktioner av UV-strålning i relation till utveckling av hudcancer och hos möss, påverkar ej preventiva strategier; (11) debatt om ökad solexposition eventuellt skulle leda till förbättrad överlevnad för melanompatienter ändrar ej preventiva strategier; (12) synpunkter på primär prevention från 6th World Conference on Melanoma, Vancouver, 2005.

  • 8.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Andersson, Eva
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wavelength specific effects on UVB induced apoptosis in melanocytes. A study of the Bcl-2/Bax expression and keratinocyte rescue effects2005In: Melanoma Research, ISSN 0960-8931, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 7-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Apoptosis and alterations in Bcl-2 and Bax messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were examined in cultured human epidermal melanocytes following UVB irradiation (50 mJ/cm2). The effects of various spectral ranges within UVB were investigated. A co-culture system was set up to study the interplay between melanocytes and keratinocytes in response to UVB. Melanocytes expressed high basal levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 compared with keratinocytes. Different wavelengths within the UVB spectrum induced diverse response patterns of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and had different apoptotic power. Both Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were upregulated to preserve protein levels and only a slight increase in apoptosis was noted 24 h after UVB ([lambda]>305 nm). Increasing UVB between 280 and 305 nm enhanced apoptosis and upregulated Bcl-2, whilst Bax mRNA was unaltered. However, no change in protein levels was detected. A redistribution of Bax protein from different compartments within the cell may be more important than direct upregulation for the acceleration of apoptosis, but it cannot be excluded that other apoptotic pathways may be induced by shorter UVB wavelengths. The increase in apoptosis was significantly lower in melanocytes co-cultured with irradiated matched keratinocytes than in melanocytes from pure cultures, indicating that melanocytes are protected from UVB-induced apoptosis by the release of substance(s) from keratinocytes. This rescue response concurred with a fast and significant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA level in melanocytes.

  • 9.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hsp70 protects against UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins and cytochrome c in human melanocytes2007In: Carcinogenesis, ISSN 0143-3334, E-ISSN 1460-2180, Vol. 28, no 3, p. 537-544Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) effectively protects cells against apoptosis, although the anti-apoptotic mechanism is still undefined. Exposure of human melanocytes to heat and subsequent UVB irradiation increased the level of Hsp70 and pre-heating reduced UVB induced apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining of Hsp70 in combination with staining of lysosomes (Lamp2) or mitochondria (Mitotracker®) in pre-heated UVB exposed cells showed co-localization of Hsp70 with both lysosomes and mitochondria in the surviving cell population. Furthermore, UVB induced apoptosis was accompanied by lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, detected as release of cathepsin D and cytochrome c, respectively, which were prevented by heat pre-treatment. In purified fractions of lysosomes and mitochondria, recombinant Hsp70 attached to both lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes. Moreover, in apoptotic cells Bax was translocated from a diffuse cytosolic location into punctate mitochondrial-like structures, which was inhibited by Hsp70 induction. Such inhibition of Bax translocation was abolished by transfection with Hsp70 siRNA. Furthermore, Hsp70 siRNA eliminated the apoptosis preventive effect observed after pre-heating. These findings show Hsp70 to rescue melanocytes from UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins from lysosomes, Bax translocation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria.

     

    Abbreviations: AIF, apoptosis-inducing factor; Hsp, heat shock protein; NAG, ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase; tBid, truncated Bid; UV, ultraviolet

  • 10.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Verma, Deepti
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Winge, Marten C.
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Lieden, Agne
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Bradley, Maria
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Letter: Genetic Variation in the Inflammasome and Atopic Dermatitis Susceptibility2013In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 133, no 10, p. 2486-2489Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

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  • 11.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kågedal, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    UVA/B induced apoptosis in human melanocytes involves translocation of cathepsins and Bcl-2 family members2006In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, Vol. 126, no 5, p. 1119-1127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate UVA/B to induce apoptosis in human melanocytes through the mitochondrial pathway, displaying cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and fragmentation of nuclei. The outcome of a death signal depends on the balance between positive and negative apoptotic regulators, such as members of the Bcl-2 protein family. Apoptotic melanocytes, containing fragmented nucleus, show translocation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bid from the cytosol to punctate mitochondrial-like structures. Bcl-2, generally thought to be attached only to membranes, was in melanocytes localized in the cytosol as well. In the fraction of surviving melanocytes, that is, cells with morphologically unchanged nucleus, the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were translocated to mitochondria following UVA/B. The lysosomal proteases, cathepsin B and D, which may act as proapoptotic mediators, were released from lysosomes to the cytosol after UVA/B exposure. Proapoptotic action of the cytosolic cathepsins was confirmed by microinjection of cathepsin B, which induced nuclear fragmentation. Bax translocation and apoptosis were markedly reduced in melanocytes after pretreatment with either cysteine or aspartic cathepsin inhibitors. No initial caspase-8 activity was detected, excluding involvement of the death receptor pathway. Altogether, our results emphasize translocation of Bcl-2 family proteins to have central regulatory functions of UV-induced apoptosis in melanocytes and suggest cathepsins to be proapoptotic mediators operating upstream of Bax.

  • 12.
    Bivik Eding, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Domer, Jakob
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Jerhammar, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Melanoma Growth and Progression After Ultraviolet A Irradiation: Impact of Lysosomal Exocytosis and Cathepsin Proteases2015In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 95, no 7, p. 792-797Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a risk factor for development of malignant melanoma. UVA-induced lysosomal exocytosis and subsequent cell growth enhancement was studied in malignant melanoma cell lines and human skin melanocytes. UVA irradiation caused plasma membrane damage that was rapidly repaired by calcium-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. Lysosomal content was released into the culture medium directly after irradiation and such conditioned media stimulated the growth of non-irradiated cell cultures. By comparing melanocytes and melanoma cells, it was found that only the melanoma cells spontaneously secreted cathepsins into the surrounding medium. Melanoma cells from a primary tumour showed pronounced invasion ability, which was prevented by addition of inhibitors of cathepsins B, D and L. Proliferation was reduced by cathepsin L inhibition in all melanoma cell lines, but did not affect melanocyte growth. In conclusion, UVA-induced release of cathepsins outside cells may be an important factor that promotes melanoma growth and progression.

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  • 13. Bu, H
    et al.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Holmdahl-Källén, K
    Sun, Xiao-Feng
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Oncology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Zhang, Hong
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology.
    Significance of glutathione S-transferases M1, T1 and P1 polymorphisms in Swedish melanoma patients.2007In: Oncology Reports, ISSN 1021-335X, E-ISSN 1791-2431, Vol. 17, no 4, p. 859-864Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 were examined in melanoma patients and tumor-free individuals. Relationships between the polymorphisms and tumor characteristics and pigment phenotypes of the patients were analyzed. There was no significant difference in GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null genotypes nor GSTP1 GG genotype between melanoma patients and controls. In melanoma patients, these polymorphisms were not correlated with early or later onset of melanomas or gender of the patients. Frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was higher in patients with melanoma >2.5 mm than in those with tumors <1.0 mm, and higher frequency was found in nodular melanoma than in the other tumor types. GSTP1 GG genotype was more often found in the patients with brown and mixed eye color or brown and black hair than those with blue and green eyes or blond hair. It is unlikely that polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 are general risk factors for melanoma in the Swedish population. GSTM1 null genotype was correlated with Breslow thickness and tumor type, which might serve as an additional biomarker for a rapid tumor progression. GSTP1 GG increases risk for melanoma in the subgroup of individuals with dark eyes or hair.

  • 14.
    Bu, Huajie
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Sun, Xiao-Feng
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Holmdahl-Källenand, Katarina
    Zhang, Hong
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Importance of polymorphisms at NF-κB1 and NF-κBIα genes in melanoma risk, clinicopathological features and tumor progression in Swedish melanoma patients2007In: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, ISSN 0171-5216, E-ISSN 1432-1335, Vol. 133, no 11, p. 859-866Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, functional polymorphisms of NF-κB1 and NF-κBIα genes were examined in 185 melanoma patients and 438 tumor-free individuals. Associations of the polymorphisms with melanoma risk, age and pigment phenotypes of the patients and clinico-pathological tumor characteristics were analyzed. DNAs were isolated from mononuclear cells of venous blood. Polymorphisms of the genes were genotyped by a PCR-RFLP technique, and transcription level of NF-κBIα was examined by a quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR. Results showed that both ATTG insertion polymorphism of NF-κB1 and A to G polymorphism of NF-κBIα genes were correlated with melanoma risk, especially, in a combination of ATTG2/ATTGT2 and GG. NF-κB1 ATTG2/ATTG2 and NF-κBIα GG genotypes were associated with male gender and age > 65 years (at diagnosis). Patients with ATTG1/ATTG1 genotype had thinner tumors and lower Clark levels at diagnosis. Frequency of ATTG1/ATTG1 genotype was higher in patients with melanomas on intermittently sun-exposed pattern of the body and NF-κBIα GG was more frequent in the patients with melanomas at rarely exposed sites. There were no differences in the gene transcription level between patients with different NF-κBIα genotypes. These data suggest that NF-κB1 and NF-κBIα genes might be susceptible genes for melanoma risk and functional polymorphisms of these genes might be biological predictors for melanoma progression.

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  • 15.
    Bu, Huajie
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Sun, Xiao-Feng
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Zhang, Hong
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Genotype < 21CAs/>= 21CAs and allele < 21CAs of the MANBA gene in melanoma risk and progression in a Swedish population2009In: Molecular medicine reports, ISSN 1791-2997, Vol. 2, no 2, p. 259-263Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cutaneous melanoma is characterized by poor patient outcome in its later stages. The search for genetic markers is therefore crucial for the identification of populations at risk for melanoma. Highly polymorphic CA repeats in 3 proximity in the MANBA gene were examined by PCR-capillary electrophoresis in 185 Swedish melanoma patients and 441 tumor-free age- and gender-matched individuals. The associations of the polymorphisms with melanoma risk, the pigment phenotypes of the patients and tumor characteristics were analyzed. A significant difference in allelic distribution between melanoma patients and tumor-free individuals was observed. The frequency of the MANBA genotype <21CAs/>= 21CAs was significantly higher in melanoma patients than in the controls. When comparing allele distribution in patients and their matched controls, the allele <21 CAs was found to be associated with the female gender (39.8 vs. 31.2%, P=0.041, OR=1.46, 95% Cl 1.02-2.10), but not with male gender (34.4 vs. 30.9%, P=0.39). Within the melanoma group, there were no differences in the distribution of the MANBA alleles associated with patient gender or age before or after 55 years at diagnosis, nor was there any association between the MANBA genotype and pigment phenotype or tumor sites. The MANBA allele <21CAs was, however, associated with thin melanomas at diagnosis (Breslow thickness <= 1.5 mm and Clark levels I and II). In conclusion, these data suggest that MANBA polymorphisms might be an indicator of tumor growth and progression and, together with other markers, could be used to identify individuals at increased risk of melanoma.

  • 16. Ericson, MB
    et al.
    Sandberg, C
    Stenquist, B
    Gudmundson, F
    Karlsson, M
    Ros, A-M
    Rosén, A
    Larkö, O
    Wennberg, A-M
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Photodynamic therapy of actinic keratosis at varying fluence rates: Assessment of photobleaching, pain and primary clinical outcome2004In: British Journal of Dermatology, ISSN 0007-0963, E-ISSN 1365-2133, Vol. 151, no 6, p. 1204-1212Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) is becoming an important treatment method for skin lesions such as actinic keratosis (AK) and superficial basal cell carcinoma, there are still discussions about which fluence rate and light dose are preferable. Recent studies in rodents have shown that a low fluence rate is preferable due to depletion of oxygen at high fluence rates. However, these results have not yet been verified in humans. Objectives: The objective was to investigate the impact of fluence rate and spectral range on primary treatment outcome and bleaching rate in AK using aminolaevulinic acid PDT. In addition, the pain experienced by the patients has been monitored during treatment. Patients/methods Thirty-seven patients (mean age 71 years) with AK located on the head, neck and upper chest were treated with PDT, randomly allocated to four groups: two groups with narrow filter (580-650 nm) and fluence rates of 30 or 45 mW cm-2, and two groups with broad filter (580-690 nm) and fluence rates of 50 or 75 mW cm-2. The total cumulative light dose was 100 J cm-2 in all treatments. Photobleaching was monitored by fluorescence imaging, and pain experienced by the patients was registered by using a visual analogue scale graded from 0 (no pain) to 10 (unbearable pain). The primary treatment outcome was evaluated at a follow-up visit after 7 weeks. Results: Our data showed a significant correlation between fluence rate and initial treatment outcome, where lower fluence rate resulted in favourable treatment response. Moreover, the photo-bleaching dose (1/e) was found to be related to fluence rate, ranging from 4.5 ± 1.0 J cm -2 at 30 mW cm-2, to 7.3 ± 0.7 J cm-2 at 75 mW cm-2, indicating higher oxygen levels in tissue at lower fluence rates. After a cumulative light dose of 40 J cm-2 no further photobleaching took place, implying that higher doses are excessive. No significant difference in pain experienced by the patients during PDT was observed in varying the fluence rate from 30 to 75 mW cm-2. However, the pain was found to be most intense up to a cumulative light dose of 20 J cm-2. Conclusions: Our results imply that the photobleaching rate and primary treatment outcome are dependent on fluence rate, and that a low fluence rate (30 mW cm-2) seems preferable when performing PDT of AK using noncoherent light sources.

  • 17. Finlay, A
    et al.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Editorial. Training inspection visits - pushing up quality of training in Europe.2001In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, ISSN 0926-9959, E-ISSN 1468-3083, Vol. 15, p. 193-193Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 18. Hansson, Johan
    et al.
    Bergenmar, Mia
    Hofer, Per-Ake
    Lundell, Goeran
    Mansson-Brahme, Eva
    Ringborg, Ulrik
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Bratel, Annika Ternesten
    Wennberg, Ann-Marie
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Monitoring of kindreds with hereditary predisposition for cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome: Results of a Swedish preventive program2007In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, ISSN 0732-183X, E-ISSN 1527-7755, Vol. 25, no 19, p. 2819-2824Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose To evaluate a program initiated in 1987 by the Swedish Melanoma Study Group aiming to provide preventive surveillance to kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome. Patients and Methods Overall, 2,080 individuals belonging to 280 melanoma families were followed for 14 years between 1987 and 2001 at 12 participating centers. Data were registered in a central database. Results Among 1,912 skin lesions excised during follow-up, 41 melanomas were removed in 32 individuals. Of these, 15 (37%) were in situ melanomas and 26 (63%) invasive melanomas. The median tumor thickness of invasive melanomas was 0.5 mm. Ulceration was absent in 24 of 26 invasive melanomas (92%) and 12 (46%) lacked vertical growth phase. Compared with melanomas in the general Swedish population, the melanomas identified in these kindreds during follow-up had better prognostic characteristics. All melanomas except one were diagnosed in families with two or more first-degree relatives with melanoma. Diagnosis of melanoma occurred in three of eight kindreds with germline CDKN2A mutations, supporting that families with such mutations are at increased risk for melanoma development. Of the 32 individuals who developed melanoma during follow-up, 21 (66%) had had at least one previously diagnosed melanoma. Conclusion This study shows that a coordinated program aimed at detecting and offering skin surveillance in kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma results in a low incidence of melanomas during the follow-up period and that the tumors that do arise have favorable prognostic characteristics.

  • 19. Jerkegren, E
    et al.
    Sandrieser, L
    Brandberg, Y
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Sun-related behaviour and melanoma awareness among Swedish university students.1999In: European Journal of Cancer Prevention, ISSN 0959-8278, E-ISSN 1473-5709, Vol. 8, p. 27-34Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 20. Kallas, M
    et al.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Frequency and distribution pattern of melanocytic naevi in Estonian children and the influence of atopic dermatitis2006In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, ISSN 0926-9959, E-ISSN 1468-3083, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 143-148Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There is a strong correlation between naevus number and prospective melanoma risk. Melanoma is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers in Estonia and primary prevention programmes for melanoma that target risk behaviour in the sun have so far not been launched. Methods: The naevus profile was examined in 549/700 9-year-old Estonian children (282 boys and 267 girls) and the presence of active atopic dermatitis (AD) was registered. Results: There was a wide range of naevi (4-121) and a median total body count of 26. There was no difference in naevus count between boys and girls. No dysplastic naevi were found. Thirty-nine of 549 children (7%) had at least one lesion clinically diagnosed as a congenital naevus. Boys had more naevi on the face (median 4) and trunk (median 12) than girls (median 3 and 9, respectively, P < 0.001). Girls had more naevi on the legs compared with boys (median 4 and 3, respectively, P < 0.01). Fifty-four out of 549 (9.8%) had naevi on the palms and 18/549 (3.3%) on the soles. Children with fair skin, freckles and light hair and eye colours had significantly more naevi than those with darker colours. Thirty-one of 549 (6%) children had AD diagnosed on the examination day and they had a lower total naevus count (median 20) compared with children with no AD (median 27,n = 518, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The naevus situation in Estonian children today might constitute a starting point for evaluating the efficiency of coming preventive measures as a change of naevus number in children might serve as an early marker for a change in melanoma incidence. © 2006 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

  • 21. Karlsson, Pia
    et al.
    Boeryd, Bernt
    Sander, Birgitta
    Westermark, Per
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Increasing incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in children and adolescents 12–19 years of age in Sweden 1973–921998In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, Vol. 78, no 4, p. 289-292Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    One-hundred-and-seventy-seven cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma were reported to the Swedish National Cancer Registry in subjects below the age of 20 during the period 1973-92. One-hundred-and-fifty-four (87%) were re-examined histologically, and the original diagnosis of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma was verified in 88%. The age-specific mean annual incidence rate increased to 0.5/100,000 in 1983-92 from 0.2/100,000 in 1973-82. Cutaneous malignant melanoma remained extremely rare in children below the age of 12, where only two cases were found. In subjects aged 12-19, the incidence doubled to 93 cases in the second 10-year period compared to 41 in the first. In boys, most of the melanomas occurred on the trunk, and, in girls, on the legs. Sixty-three percent of the melanomas were of the superficial spreading type, which also was the most rapidly increasing type of melanoma. These results emphasize the importance of surveillance and intensified preventive measures in protecting children and adolescents from the harmful effects of excessive exposure to the sun

  • 22.
    Karlsson, Pia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Stenberg, Berndt
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Prevalence of pigmented naevi in a Swedish population living close to the Arctic Circle2000In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, Vol. 80, no 5, p. 335-339Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The prevalence of common naevi and dysplastic naevi was investigated in a Swedish population with a low incidence of melanoma. A total of 201 subjects aged 30-50 years living in northern Sweden participated. The median number of common naevi per individual was 15, and 11% had dysplastic naevi. Higher numbers of common naevi were found in individuals with dysplastic naevi (median 68) and in those who had spent their childhood in southern Sweden (median 44). The prevalence of common naevi and dysplastic naevi was significantly lower than reported from a previously studied population in southern Sweden, with a melanoma incidence 4 times higher than in the north. The strong variability in naevus phenotype, and in melanoma incidence, between different regions of Sweden seems to be due to different levels of sun exposure rather than to differences in constitutional factors.

  • 23.
    Kertat, Khadua
    et al.
    Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Linköping University.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Sun, Xiao-Feng
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Oncology UHL.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Zhang, Hong
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology .
    The Gln/Gln genotype of XPD codon 751 as a genetic marker for melanoma risk and Lys/Gln as an important predictor for melanoma progression: A case control study in the Swedish population2008In: Oncology Reports, ISSN 1021-335X, E-ISSN 1791-2431, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 179-183Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) is a critical protein in the nucleotide excision repair system for DNA damage. Genetic variations in XPD exert an important effect on the capacity of DNA repair. In this study, we examined Lys751Gln polymorphism at the XPD gene in 244 melanoma patients and 251 healthy individuals (as controls) from the south-eastern region of Sweden. The associations of polymorphism with melanoma risk, as well as with melanoma features and pigment phenotypes of the melanoma patients were analysed. DNA was extracted from the mononuclear cells of venous blood of the melanoma patients and controls. XPD codon 751 was genotyped by the PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Results showed that there was no difference in the distribution of the XPD codon 751 genotypes between the melanoma patients and healthy controls. However, the Gln/Gln genotype was found to be associated with melanoma risk in the male population. Furthermore, the frequency of the Gln/Gln genotype was significantly higher in the early stages of melanomas, whereas Lys/ Gln was more frequent in the later stages and in the patients with melanoma located on intermittently UV-exposed areas. No correlations between the polymorphisms and phenotypes of the patients were found. In conclusion, Gln/Gln was a useful genetic marker for melanoma risk in the males, while Lys/Gln was an important predictor for melanoma progression.

  • 24.
    Kristjansson, S.
    et al.
    Kristjánsson, S., Department of Cancer Prevention, Stockholm Center of Public Health, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Helgason, AR.
    Helgason, ÁR., Department of Tobacco Prevention, Stockholm Center of Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Holm, L.-E
    Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ullen, H.
    Ullén, H., Department of Cancer Prevention, Stockholm Center of Public Health, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Readiness to change sun-protective behaviour2001In: European Journal of Cancer Prevention, ISSN 0959-8278, E-ISSN 1473-5709, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 289-296Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The incidence of malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers has increased rapidly in Sweden during the last 20 years. The best-known way to revert this trend is primary prevention. Matching health messages to readiness to change in the population may enhance the effect of community-based prevention. The aims of this study were to investigate readiness to change sun-protective behaviour in two groups (visitors to mobile screening units and beach-goers) and to test a single-item algorithm in assessing the stage of change in sun-protective behaviour. Seven hundred and forty-two visitors to the mobile screening units and 202 individuals on nearby beaches answered a short questionnaire. The assessment of readiness to change was based on stages of change in sun-protective behaviour modified from the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change. As expected, the visitors to the screening units were more often in action/maintenance stages than the beach group for most sun-protective behaviours. In conclusion, the single-item algorithm method appears to be sensitive to assess readiness to change sun-protective behaviour, based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change. This method can be incorporated into population surveys and may aid in developing successful skin cancer prevention programmes. © 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

  • 25.
    Larsson (Wäster), Petra
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Andersson, Eva
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Johansson, Uno
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ultraviolet A and B affect human melanocytes and keratinocytes differently. A study of oxidative alterations and apoptosis2005In: Experimental Dermatology, ISSN 0906-6705, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 117-123Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an etiologic agent for malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, but the spectral range responsible for tumor induction is still to be elucidated. In this study, we compared effects of UVA and UVB irradiation on normal human melanocytes (MCs) and keratinocytes (KCs) in vitro. We demonstrate that UVA irradiation induces immediate loss of reduced glutathione (GSH) in both MCs and KCs. Exposure to UVA also causes reduced plasma membrane stability, in both cell types, as estimated by fluorescein diacetate retention and flow cytometry. Furthermore, we noted reduction in proliferation and higher apoptosis frequency 24 h after UVA irradiation. UVB irradiation of KCs caused instant reduction of reduced GSH and impaired plasma membrane stability. We also found decline in proliferation and increased apoptosis after 24 h. In MCs, on the other hand, UVB had no effect on GSH level or plasma membrane stability, although increased apoptotic cell death and reduced proliferation was detected. In summary, MCs and KCs showed similar response towards UVA, while UVB had more pronounced effects on KCs as compared to MCs. These results might have implications for the induction of malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer.

  • 26.
    Larsson Wäster, Petra
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ultraviolet (UV) A- and UVB-induced redox alterations and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in human melanocytes - protective effects of alpha-tocopherol2006In: British Journal of Dermatology, ISSN 0007-0963, Vol. 155, no 2, p. 292-300Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Despite compelling evidence that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes melanoma the knowledge concerning reaction pathways and signalling transduction in melanocytes is still limited.

    Objectives To evaluate the protective capacity of α-tocopherol and β-carotene during UVA and UVB irradiation of human melanocytes in vitro.

    Methods Primary cultures of normal human melanocytes were irradiated by different wavelengths within the UV spectrum (UVA 6 J cm−2, UVB 60 mJ cm−2). Redox alterations and apoptosis were studied and the protective potential of α-tocopherol and β-carotene was evaluated.

    Results UVA and UVB irradiation decreased the intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione and activated the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB, detected as the increased level of the p65 subunit and translocation to the nucleus. This coincided with a rise in the level of γ-glutamyl-cysteine-synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the glutathione synthesis. UVA and UVB caused apoptotic cell death as detected by nuclear fragmentation and caspase activation 24 h postirradiation. Pretreatment with α-tocopherol prevented UVA- and UVB-induced glutathione loss, NF-κB translocation and diminished apoptosis, but β-carotene did not show a similar protective capacity. Further, exposure to α-tocopherol by itself reduced cell proliferation rate.

    Conclusions UVA and UVB irradiation affected the intracellular redox state and increased the frequency of apoptosis in human melanocytes in vitro. α-Tocopherol might be a useful substance in protecting melanocytes from UV-induced damage.

  • 27.
    Lens, Marko
    et al.
    King's College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital Campus, London.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    An impact of hormones on nevi and melanoma2008In: The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology, ISSN 0190-9622, E-ISSN 1097-6787, Vol. 58, no 6, p. 1083-1084Article in journal (Other academic)
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  • 28.
    Lens, Marko
    et al.
    Kings College London.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Newton-Bishop, Julia
    St James Hospital.
    Cutaneous Melanoma During Pregnancy: Is the Controversy Over?2009In: American Journal of Clinical Oncology, ISSN 0277-3732, E-ISSN 1537-453X, Vol. 27, no 19, p. E11-E12Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 29. Lens, MB
    et al.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Ahlbom, A
    Farahmand, BY
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Boeryd, B
    Bishop, JAN
    Effect of pregnancy on survival in women with cutaneous malignant melanoma2004In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, ISSN 0732-183X, E-ISSN 1527-7755, Vol. 22, no 21, p. 4369-4375Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose An adverse influence of pregnancy on the risk of death in women with cutaneous melanoma was suggested historically by anecdotal reports. Previous studies included small numbers of women observed for short periods. Methods Using data from the Swedish National and Regional Registries, we performed a retrospective cohort study of all Swedish women who were diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma during their reproductive period, from January 1, 1958, to December 31, 1999. The relationship between pregnancy status at the diagnosis of melanoma and overall survival was examined in multivariable proportional-hazards models. Results The cohort comprised 185 women (3.3%) diagnosed with melanoma during pregnancy and 5,348 (96.7%) women of the same childbearing age diagnosed with melanoma while not pregnant. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival between pregnant and nonpregnant groups (log-rank chi(2)1 [r] = 0.84, P =.361). Pregnancy status at the time of diagnosis of melanoma was not related to survival in a multivariable Cox model in the 2,101 women (hazard ratio for death in the pregnant group was 1.08, 95% Cl, 0.60 to 1.93). In the multivariable analysis, pregnancy status after diagnosis of melanoma was not a significant predictor of survival (hazard ratio for death in women who had pregnancy subsequent to the diagnosis of melanoma was 0.58, 95% Cl, 0.32 to 1.05). Conclusion The survival of pregnant women with melanoma is not worse than the survival of nonpregnant women with melanoma. Pregnancy subsequent to the diagnosis of primary melanoma was not associated with an increased risk of death. (C) 2004 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.

  • 30.
    Lirvall, Margareta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Majeed, Meytam
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Höddelius, Pia
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wasteson, Åke
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Cell biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Magnusson, Karl-Eric
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Medical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    UVB radiation increases EGF receptor mobility and trafficking in human melanocytesManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    For the human skin, UVB-radiation (290-320nm) is a very potent injurious agent. UV radiation is absorbed in the epidermis and reaching the melanocytes leads to proliferation via activation of growth factor reccptors. This may play a key role in the clonal expansion of melanocytes and be a critical step in carcinogenesis. We show that UVB-irradiated human epidermal melanocytes display an increased mobility of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) in the plane of the cell membrane, and that UVB affects the intracellular EGF-R transport to the nucleus. Using fluorescence photobleaching technique we show a time and dose dependent increase in the diffusion coefficient and mobile fraction of EGF-R. EGF-Rdiffuse with a low rate within the cell membrane in control cells, and the mobility increases 4-fold after single physiologic doses of UVB. Three-dimensional confocal microscopy reveals that EGF-R display a strilting difference in receptor distribution and intracellular transport before and after UVB irradiation. The EGF-Rclearly eo-localize with clathrin-coated pits within the cells. These results indicate that already single physiologic doses of UVB affect growth factor receptor mobility in cell membranes and intracellular trafficlting. This may be an important early step in the ultraviolet radiation-induced signal transduction pathway leading to cell proliferation.

  • 31.
    Newton Bishop, Julia A.
    et al.
    ICRF Cancer Medicine Research Unit, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, U.K..
    Bradburn, M.
    Karlsson, Pia
    Altman, D. G.
    Cancer Research Fund Medical Statistics Group, Oxford, U.K..
    Bergman, W.
    Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
    Østerlind, A.
    Danish Cancer Society and Department of Dermatology, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
    Pinney, E.
    ICRF Maths Statistics and Epidemiology, London, U.K. .
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Scerri, L.
    Department of Dermatology, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, U.K..
    Weichenthal, M.
    Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Pravention, Hamburg, Germany.
    Mant, D.
    Department of Primary Medical Care, University of Southampton, U.K..
    Breitbart, E. W.
    Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Pravention, Hamburg, Germany.
    Teaching non-specialist health care professionals how to identify the atypical mole syndrome phenotype: a multinational study2000In: British Journal of Dermatology, ISSN 0007-0963, Vol. 142, no 2, p. 331-337Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The atypical mole syndrome (AMS) phenotype is the strongest known risk factor for cutaneous melanoma but recognition of the phenotype has been claimed to be problematic and to require specialist assessment. This study determined the ability of previously unskilled doctors and nurses in five countries to recognize the phenotype after brief training. The system used was the AMS scoring system. This incorporates melanocytic naevus counts, clinical atypia of naevi and distribution of naevi. The agreement in scoring between the dermatologist and trained personnel was determined in 986 patients; overall agreement in diagnosis was 94·5% (kappa 0·70, P < 0·0001). The kappa scores in different countries ranged from 0·65 to 0·77 for individual naevus characteristics, indicative of good agreement. Accurate diagnosis of the atypical mole syndrome phenotype is possible by non-specialists. This has implications for collaborative studies of naevi, for screening and for both primary and secondary prevention of melanoma.

  • 32.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Andersson, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kågedal, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Törma, H.
    Department of Dermatology, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
    Vitamin A metabolism and mRNA expression of retinoid-binding protein and receptor genes in human epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells1997In: Melanoma research, ISSN 0960-8931, E-ISSN 1473-5636, Vol. 7, no 4, p. 267-274Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Retinoids inhibit proliferation of melanocytes and melanoma cells and affect disorders of hypo- and hyperpigmentation. Such effects might involve retinoid-binding proteins, retinoid metabolites and nuclear retinoid receptors for transcriptional activation. We detected messenger RNA transcripts for the cellular retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRBP, CRABP I and II) in cultured epidermal melanocytes. In the melanoma cell lines the major transcript was CRABP II. Nuclear retinoic acid (RA) receptor transcripts and the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor transcript were detected in all cells. The endogenous concentrations of retinol (ROH) and its metabolite 3,4-didehydroretinol (ddROH) in melanocytes were five times those in melanoma cells. When cells were incubated with [3H]ROH the main metabolites in the melanocytes were [3H]ddROH (4%) and [3H]RA (0.4%). Formation of [3H]RA was only detected in one melanoma cell line. Both melanocytes and melanoma cells produced an unidentified metabolite when incubated with [3H]ROH and [3H]RA. Dissimilarities in the metabolism and endogenous concentration of retinoids between benign and malignant melanocytes might play a key role in differentiation and growth regulation.

  • 33.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Dermatology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Finlay, Andrew
    Gollnick, Harald
    Lomuto, Michele
    Soyland, Elisabeth
    Guidelines for charter on visitation of training centres in dermatology and venereology: Report for the European board of dermatology and venereology, European Union of Medical Specialists.2001In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, ISSN 0926-9959, E-ISSN 1468-3083, Vol. 15, p. 272-279Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 34. Sandberg, Carin
    et al.
    Stenquist, Bo
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Ros, Anne-Marie
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Karlsson, Maria
    Gudmundson, Fredrik
    Ericson, Marica B
    Larkö, Olle
    Wennberg, Ann-Marie
    Important factors for pain during photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis2006In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 86, no 5, p. 404-408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an efficient treatment for actinic keratosis. A common problem, however, is pain. The aim of this study was to investigate pain during PDT for actinic keratosis. The possibility of using capsaicin cream for pain relief was also assessed. Pain was investigated during aminolaevulinic acid PDT in 91 patients. Size, redness, scaling and induration of the lesions were recorded. Maximum pain during treatment was registered, using a visual analogue scale (0-10). The pain-reducing efficacy of capsaicin was tested in a pilot study in six patients (10 lesions). These patients were pre-treated with capsaicin cream for one week before commencing PDT. Pain was found to be normally distributed around a mean value of visual analogue scale 4.6. Larger lesions gave more pain (p=0.001). The redness of the actinic lesions was found to be related to PDT-induced pain (p=0.01), the reduction of actinic area (p=0.007), and the cure rate (p=0.01). The redder the actinic area, the better the treatment outcome and the more pain experienced. Patients with the largest reduction in the actinic area experienced more pain (p=0.053). The most important factors for presence of pain seem to be the size and the redness of the lesion. No significant pain relief was experienced after pre-treatment with capsaicin. © 2006 Acta Dermato-Venereologica.

  • 35. Sander, B.
    et al.
    Karlsson, Pia
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Westermark, P.
    Boeryd, B.
    Cutaneous malignant melanoma in Swedish children and teenagers 1973–1992 clinicopathological: study of 130 cases1999In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, Vol. 80, no 5, p. 646-651Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To assess whether there has been a change in histological features and prognostic factors of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in young individuals in Sweden, an unselected, population-based study was undertaken; 177 cases of primary CMM in persons below 20 years of age were reported to the Swedish National Cancer Registry between 1973 and 1992. In 87% of the cases, original tumor tissue was available for histo-pathological review. The original diagnosis was verified in 88% (n = 126) of these cases. All tumors had histological features similar to adult CMM; 17% had an associated precursor lesion. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) was the most common sub-type, constituting 20/36 cases in the first decade and 59/90 in the second. Corresponding figures for nodular melanoma (NM) were 11/36 and 23/90. Only 5 melanomas in situ were diagnosed. In girls, the mean thickness of SSM decreased from 1.5 to 0.6 mm (p < 0.001). Overall mortality was 10%, 22% in the group with CMM diagnosed 0-15 years of age and 8% in individuals 15-19 years. Fatal CMM cases diagnosed below 15 years of age (n = 4) were NM >1.6 mm thick and in subjects 15-19 years (n = 9) 44% of fatal tumors were NM with a mean thickness of 2.2 mm. Breslow index was the single most important prognostic factor. However, when known prognostic factors were adjusted for in a Cox regression analysis, young age remained an independent risk factor, with a relative death rate of 0.21 for individuals aged 15-19 compared with children <15 years of age.

  • 36.
    Shrestha, D. P.
    et al.
    Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal.
    Gurung, D.
    Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Prevalence of skin diseases and impact on quality of life in hilly region of Nepal2012In: Institute of Medicine. Journal, ISSN 1993-2979, Vol. 34, no 3, p. 44-49Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Skin diseases (SDs) are one of the most common health problems in Nepal. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of SDs and impact on quality of life (QoL) in a rural community in Nepal.

    Methods: A house-to-house survey was conducted in a community with 3,207 inhabitants, to obtain socio-demographic data and identify individuals with SDs. Free examination and treatment was offered at 4 health camps. Individuals with long-standing SDs were interviewed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).

    Results: Of 735 individuals attending the health camps, 645 (mean age 24.9 years, range 0.5-90) had one or more SDs. The overall prevalence of SDs was 20.1% (males 18.1%, females 22.5% and children 28.2%). The most common SD categories were eczemas (12.2%), pigment disorders (4.1%), acne (2.7%), urticaria (2.4%) and moles and lumps (1.6%). In the Nepalese culture, the DLQI question on sexuality was too direct so only 9/10 questions were used. In the 75 patients who were interviewed, the mean DLQI score was 10.7 (range 7-19), indicating a large impact on QoL.

    Conclusions: This population-based study shows that SDs were very common in a rural community in Nepal. The five most common SD categories comprise 77% of all SDs. Targeted training should enable health-care workers to prevent, accurately diagnose and manage these problems on site. An appropriate instrument to measure QoL adjusted to the socio-cultural norms of Nepal has to be developed.

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  • 37.
    Shrestha, D. P.
    et al.
    Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Shrestha, R.
    National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Gurung, D.
    Di Skin Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Lama, L.
    National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology. Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Development of skin disease disability index to assess the dermatologic burden in Nepal2013In: Institute of Medicine. Journal, ISSN 1993-2979, Vol. 35, no 2, p. 24-29Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Skin disease is one of the leading cause of morbidity worldwide. Most instruments measuring the impact of skin disease on quality of life are developed in the west and not applicable to the socio-cultural situation in Nepal. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to measure quality of life impairment due to skin disease in Nepal.

    Methods: Different aspects of quality of life impairment were identiÞ ed from 35 in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions, with villagers with various skin diseases. Based on this information, 10 questions scoring the influence of skin diseases on quality of life – Skin Disease Disability Index (SDDI) – was developed. This instrument was tested and validated in 212 villagers with skin disease and in 100 healthy villagers.

    Results: The maximum total Skin Disease Disability Index score was 36. There was a wide variation in total Skin Disease Disability Index score between individuals with skin disease (range 1-33) with a mean score of 13.2, while in controls the mean total score was 1 (p<0.001). Thus, the Skin Disease Disability Index clearly discriminates between these two groups. The difference in mean score for single questions between patients and controls was also highly significant (p<0.001).

    Conclusions: The questionnaire clearly covered all aspects of quality of life related to skin disease and was, simple, robust, easy to use and well accepted by the selected population. The Skin Disease Disability Index was reliable in the overall score as well as in individual questions.

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  • 38.
    Shrestha, D.P.
    et al.
    Department of Dermatology, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Baral, S.
    Anandaban Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal.
    Shrestha, R.
    National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Gupta, S.
    Consultant Dermatologist, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Bhattarai, S.
    Department of Dermatology, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Shrestha, S.
    Department of Dermatology, Nepal Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Frequency and pattern of Skin Disorders in Adolescentsin a School of Kathmandu2015In: Journal of Institute of Medicine, ISSN 1993-2979, Vol. 37, no 1, p. 21-25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Skin disorders are one of the major causes of morbidity in Nepal. The objectives of this study are to determine the relative frequency and pattern of skin disordersin a cohort of adolescents 9-18 years of age.

    Methods: The study was conducted in a residential school of Kathmandu. A detailedinformation about the study was given to the student members of a school club and they inturn, informed all the other students of the dermatologic health camp, which was conductedsubsequently. All students appearing at the camp were examined by a dermatologist andinformation regarding age, gender, school grade and diagnosis were recorded in a prevalidatedformat.

    Results: In the school there were a total of 950 students (627 m, 323 f). Of them 242 (116 m,126 f) had skin disorder with a point prevalence of 25.5%. Female students had significantlyhigher prevalence (29%) than male (18.5%). The most common skin disorders were acne,eczemas and urticaria, and the 10 most frequent diagnoses comprised 87% of all skinconditions.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that 1/4 of the students had one or more identifiableskin disorders. Despite the wide range of dermatoses, only a few of them accounted for amajor proportion of the skin disorders. This study provides data for targeting health careprograms for prevention and treatment of skin disorders in this age group.

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  • 39.
    Shrestha, DP
    et al.
    Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Gurung, D
    Di Skin Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Shrestha, R
    National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology. Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Skin Diseases and Impact on Quality of Life in the Central Development Region of Nepal: A major public health problem2014In: Journal of Institute of Medicine, ISSN 1993-2979, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 15-20Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 40.
    Shrestha, R
    et al.
    Department of Dermatology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Nepal .
    Shrestha, DP
    Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu Nepa,l.
    Lama, L
    Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal .
    Gurung, D
    DI Skin Hospital and Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal .
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology. Department of Dermatology, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal .
    Pattern Of Skin Diseases In A Rural Village Development Community Of Nepal2014In: Nepal Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, ISSN 2091-167X, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 41-44Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Skin diseases are a common cause of morbidity in Nepal as per the health services report. There is limited information on the prevalence and pattern of skin diseases in the community. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of skin diseases in a rural village development community of Nepal.

    Materials and methods:  Two  dermatologic  health camps were conducted, during which, the villagers were examined by dermatologists. The skin diseases diagnosed were recorded in a proforma.

    Results: There were 433 individuals examined and 359 (male-47.9%; female-52.1%) had skin disease identified clinically (camp prevalence- 83%). The age of patients ranged from 1 to 80 years (mean-24.5; SD±15.9), with majority in the age group of 10-19 years. The most common skin disease category was eczemas (36.4%), followed by infections (28.4%), acne (22%), pigment disorders (34%) and urticaria (12.3%).

    Conclusion: Skin diseases were common in the community. The five most common Skin disease categories were eczemas, infections, acne and pigment disorders were the more common conditions.

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  • 41.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ternesten-Bratel, A
    Capio Diagnost AB.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Low risk of melanoma in patients with atopic dermatitis2008In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, ISSN 0926-9959, E-ISSN 1468-3083, Vol. 22, no 12, p. 1423-1428Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There is a possible association between atopy and cancer based on the concept of atopic diseases as a hyper-reactive state of the immune system. Melanoma is an immunogenic tumour, and since patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are subjected to local and systemic immunosuppressives, it would be expected to find an influence of AD on the melanoma risk. There is a positive correlation between the number of naevi and melanoma risk, and children and adults with AD have fewer naevi than controls although many patients receive ultraviolet treatment.

    Objective: This study aims to investigate the melanoma risk in a retrospective cohort of AD patients compared with the population.

    Study design: 6280 AD patients born 1935–1979 visited five Dermatology clinics during 1986–2004. Mean follow-up time was 36.7 years (SD 6.9) corresponding to 230 742 person-years at risk. The cohort file was linked to the National Cancer register.

    Results: Six AD patients with melanoma were identified, and the Poisson regression analysis adjusted for age group, sex and year resulted in an incidence rate ratio of 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.27–1.35, P = 0.08) for the AD group compared with the total population in the region.

    Conclusion: A low risk to develop melanoma was found in AD patients. However, the results must be interpreted with caution since the small number of expected cases of melanoma makes the risk estimate sensitive to chance effects. We hypothesize that formation of naevi and progression to melanoma is counteracted by the inflammatory process in the skin of AD patients.

  • 42.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Fewer melanocytic nevi found in children with active atopic dermatitis than in children without dermatitis2004In: Archives of Dermatology, ISSN 0003-987X, Vol. 140, no 12, p. 1471-1475Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the effects of atopic diseases on nevus development during childhood. Design: A descriptive survey of nevi in a cohort of 8- and 9-year-old children combining a skin examination and a validated questionnaire regarding atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma. Setting: Fifty-one primary schools in Sweden. Participants: A total of 788 children born in 1992 participated in 1999 in a prevalence study of allergic diseases. The present study was restricted to the 545 children from that study who were still living in the community, and 515 (94%) of them participated. The cumulative incidence of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhino-conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma was 24%, 12%, and 13%, respectively, from birth to age 7 years as reported by questionnaire, 3% reported all 3 diagnoses. Results: Children with reported atopic dermatitis and findings of active dermatitis on examination had fewer nevi (median, 4, mean, 7.4) than children with no reported atopic disease and no active dermatitis found on examination (median, 9, mean, 11.2) (P<.001). Children who developed active atopic dermatitis after the questionnaire was filled out (ie, during the last 2 years) had fewer nevi than children with no atopic disease (median, 3, mean, 5.3) (P<.001). There was no difference in nevus number between the children with bronchial asthma or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and children with no atopic disease. Conclusion: Children with atopic dermatitis had few melanocytic nevi, which suggests that the proinflammatory cytokine network in the atopic skin might inhibit melanocyte growth and/or progression to nevi.

  • 43.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Frequency and distribution pattern of melanocytic naevi in Swedish 8-9-year-old children2004In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 84, no 4, p. 271-276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The naevus profile was examined in a Swedish cohort of 8-9-year-old children, 524/545 individuals (96%) were examined (279 boys and 245 girls). There was a wide variation in the total number of naevi (0-79) and boys had more naevi than girls (median 9 and 7, respectively, p<0.01). No dysplastic naevi were found. Overall, 15/524 (3%) had at least one lesion clinically diagnosed as a congenital melanocytic naevus. Boys had more naevi on the face (median 1) and trunk (median 5) than girls (median 0 and 3, respectively, p<0.001). There was no difference in the number of naevi on the legs between the two sexes. The highest counts per unit surface area for both sexes were found on the back, chest and the lateral aspect of the arms, areas intermittently sun-exposed. Children with fair skin and light eye colours had significantly more naevi than those with darker colours but children with red hair had very few naevi. Children with one or more naevi on the buttocks (25%), dorsal surfaces of the feet (11%) or on the scalp (7%) had twice as many naevi in total compared with those without naevi in these regions. Children with naevi in all three regions (0.8%) had four times as many naevi in total. A relationship between total counts and counts on the back or lateral aspect of the arms was found (r2=0.59). Either of these two areas might be suitable for predicting total naevus counts.

  • 44. Tarstedt, Mikael
    et al.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Berne, Berit
    Svanberg, Katarina
    Wennberg, Ann-Marie
    A randomized multicenter study to compare two treatment regimens of topical methyl aminolevulinate (Metvix®)-PDT in actinic keratosis of the face and scalp2005In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 85, no 5, p. 424-428Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) administered in two treatment sessions separated by 1 week is an effective treatment for actinic keratoses. This open prospective study compared the efficacy and safety of MAL-PDT given as a single treatment with two treatments of MAL-PDT 1 week apart. Two hundred and eleven patients with 413 thin to moderately thick actinic keratoses were randomized to either a single treatment with PDT using topical MAL (regimen I, n=105) or two treatments 1 week apart (regimen II, n=106). Each treatment involved surface debridement, application of Metvix® cream (160 mg/g) for 3 h, followed by illumination with red light using a light-emitting diode system (peak wavelength 634±3 nm, light dose 37 J/cm2). Thirty-seven lesions (19%) with a non-complete response 3 months after a single treatment were re-treated. All patients were followed up 3 months after the last treatment. A total of 400 lesions, 198 initially treated once and 202 treated twice, were evaluable. Complete response rate for thin lesions after a single treatment was 93% (95% CI=87-97%), which was similar to 89% (82-96%) after repeated treatment. Response rates were lower after single treatment of thicker lesions (70% (60-78%) vs 84% (77-91%)), but improved after repeated treatment (88% (82-94%)). The conclusion of this study is that single treatment with topical MAL-PDT is effective for thin actinic keratosis lesions, however, repeated treatment is recommended for thicker or non-responding lesions. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.

  • 45.
    Thunell, Lena
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Stjernstrom, Annika
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Dermatology and Venerology.
    MDM2 SNP309 promoter polymorphism confers risk for hereditary melanoma2014In: Melanoma research, ISSN 0960-8931, E-ISSN 1473-5636, Vol. 24, no 3, p. 190-197Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The p53 pathway regulates stress response, and variations in p53, MDM2, and MDM4 may predispose an individual to tumor development. The aim of this study was to study the impact of genetic variation on sporadic and hereditary melanoma. We have analyzed a combination of three functionally relevant variants of the p53 pathway in 258 individuals with sporadic malignant melanomas, 50 with hereditary malignant melanomas, and 799 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, pyrosequencing, and allelic discrimination. We found an increased risk for hereditary melanoma in MDM2 GG homozygotes, which was more pronounced among women (P=0.035). In the event of pairwise combinations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms, a risk elevation was shown for MDM2 GG homozygotes/p53 wild-type Arg in hereditary melanoma (P=0.01). Individuals with sporadic melanomas of the superficial spreading type, including melanoma in situ, showed a slightly higher frequency of the MDM2 GG genotype compared with those with nodular melanomas (P=0.04). The dysplastic nevus phenotype, present in the majority of our hereditary melanoma cases and also in some sporadic cases, further enhanced the effect of the MDM2 GG genotype on melanoma risk (P=0.005). In conclusion, the results show an association between MDM2 SNP309 and an increased risk for hereditary melanoma, especially among women. Analysis of sporadic melanoma also shows an association between MDM2 and the superficial spreading melanoma subtype, as well as an association with the presence of dysplastic nevi in sporadic melanoma.

  • 46.
    Tinghög, Gustav
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carlsson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    How costly is skin cancer for society?2009In: Forum for Nordic Dermato-Venerology, ISSN 1402-2915, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 12-14Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The annual cost of skin cancer in Sweden in 2005 was estimated to be -142.4 million (-15/inhabitant). When comparing direct costs only cost associated with medical consumption, skin cancer is more costly than the equivalent costs of both multiple sclerosis and brain tumours, and is close to the cost of breast cancer.

  • 47.
    Tinghög, Gustav
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Center for Medical Technology Assessment. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carlsson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Center for Medical Technology Assessment. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Samhällskostnader för hudcancer samt en jämförelse med kostnaderna för vägtrafikolyckor2007Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Skin cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers among the Swedish population and a significant cause of illness and death. The aim of this study was to from a societal perspective estimate the total cost of skin cancer in Sweden in 2005, using a combined top-down and bottom- up, prevalence based cost of illness approach. The total cost of skin cancer was estimated to 1,25 billion SEK (1 €= 9,3 SEK). The direct costs were estimated to 665 million SEK and constituted 53 percent of the total cost. Indirect costs were estimated to 583 million SEK and constituted 47 percent of the total cost. The main cost driver was production lost caused by premature death, amounting to 39 percent of the total cost.

    In addition, this study compares the cost of skin cancer with the costs arising from road traffic accidents. Focusing on the methodological differences that arise when comparing economic cost founded on similar but yet different methods when conducting cost analysis. We demonstrate that the seemingly large difference between the cost of skin cancer and the cost arising from road traffic accident, in reality is not as large as it first appear.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Samhällskostnader för hudcancer samt en jämförelse med kostnaderna för vägtrafikolyckor
  • 48.
    Tinghög, Gustav
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carlsson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Societal Cost of Skin Cancer in Sweden 20052008In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 88, no 5, p. 467-473Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Skin cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers among the Swedish population and a significant cause of illness and death. This study aims to estimate the total societal cost of skin cancer in Sweden 2005, using a prevalence based cost-of-illness approach. The total cost of skin cancer was estimated to € 142.4 million (€ 15 per inhabitant), of which € 79.6 million (€ 8 per inhabitant) were spent on health services and € 62.8 million (€ 7 per inhabitant) were due to production loss. The main cost driver was resource utilisation in outpatient care, amounting to 42.2% of the total cost. Melanoma was the most costly skin cancer diagnosis. Non-melanoma skin cancer was however the main cost driver for health services alone. In the future it is important to establish effective preventive measures to avoid increasing costs and suffering caused by skin cancer.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 49.
    Verma, Deepti
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Farahani, Ensieh
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Inflammasome polymorphisms confer susceptibility to sporadic malignant melanoma2012In: Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, ISSN 1755-1471, E-ISSN 1755-148X, Vol. 25, no 4, p. 506-513Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Genetic variants of NLRP3 and NLRP1 are known to modulate levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 beta. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of NLRP3/NLRP1 polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical features of malignant melanoma in a Swedish casecontrol study. Common variants in NLRP3/NLRP1 were investigated in sporadic malignant melanoma patients and healthy controls followed by analysis using logistic regression. NLRP3 variant (rs35829419) was significantly more common in male patients than in controls (OR, 2.22; CI, 1.273.86). Upon stratification, significant association with nodular melanoma was observed (OR, 2.89; CI, 1.336.30), which intensified in male patients (OR 4.03, CI 1.4011.59). The NLRP1 variant (rs12150220) was significantly more common in fair-skinned female patients (OR, 1.85; CI, 1.043.33) and showed strong associations with nodular melanoma (OR, 6.03; CI, 1.3325). Our data suggest that NLRP3/NLRP1 polymorphisms are associated with melanoma susceptibility; these findings warrant validation in other independent populations.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 50.
    Wyon, Yvonne
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Division of dermatology and venereology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Spectrophotometric analysis of melanocytic naevi during pregnancy2007In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 87, no 3, p. 231-237Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Malignant melanoma is the most common cancer during pregnancy, but it is unknown whether melanocytic naevi in general are activated. A total of 381 melanocytic naevi in 34 Caucasian primigravidae were examined using spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis (SIAscopy) technology in early pregnancy and prior to delivery. The Siagraphs of each naevus were then compared in order to evaluate changes over time. A total of 163 melanocytic naevi in 21 nulliparous women served as an additional control group. At the first visit none of the Siagraphs examined for the case or control groups aroused suspicion of dysplastic naevus or melanoma and no significant structural changes were noted during the observation period. However, 2.1% of the melanocytic naevi in the pregnant group increased and 1.3% decreased in size. Corresponding figures in the non-pregnant group were 1.8% and 0%, respectively. Only one naevus in a pregnant woman increased slightly in epidermal pigmentation, and a decrease in pigmentation was noted in 3.7% of the melanocytic naevi in the cases and 1.8% in the controls. None of the differences within or between the groups was statistically significant. We conclude that pregnancy does not influence the appearance of pigmented naevi. A changing naevus during pregnancy should be examined carefully and considered for excision and histopathology. © 2007 Acta Dermato-Venereologica.

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