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  • 1.
    Holm, Jonas
    et al.
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in Östergötland. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive care. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Anesthesiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgery UHL.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in Östergötland.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in Östergötland.
    Mixed venous oxygen saturation predicts short- and long-term outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a retrospective cohort analysis2011In: British Journal of Anaesthesia, ISSN 0007-0912, E-ISSN 1471-6771, Vol. 107, no 3, p. 344-350Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Complications of an inadequate haemodynamic state are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Unfortunately, commonly used methods to assess haemodynamic status are not well documented with respect to outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate SV(O2) as a prognostic marker for short-and long-term outcome in a large unselected coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) cohort and in subgroups with or without treatment for intraoperative heart failure. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods. Two thousand seven hundred and fifty-five consecutive CABG patients and subgroups comprising 344 patients with and 2411 patients without intraoperative heart failure, respectively, were investigated. SV(O2) was routinely measured on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The mean (SD) follow-up was 10.2 (1.5) yr. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults. The best cut-off for 30 day mortality related to heart failure based on receiver-operating characteristic analysis was SV(O2) 60.1%. Patients with SV(O2) andlt;60% had higher 30 day mortality (5.4% vs 1.0%; P andlt; 0.0001) and lower 5 yr survival (81.4% vs 90.5%; P andlt; 0.0001). The incidences of perioperative myocardial infarction, renal failure, and stroke were also significantly higher, leading to a longer ICU stay. Similar prognostic information was obtained in the subgroups that were admitted to ICU with or without treatment for intraoperative heart failure. In patients admitted to ICU without treatment for intraoperative heart failure and SV(O2) andgt;= 60%, 30 day mortality was 0.5% and 5 yr survival 92.1%. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions. SV(O2) andlt;60% on admission to ICU was related to worse short- and long-term outcome after CABG, regardless of whether the patients were admitted to ICU with or without treatment for intraoperative heart failure.

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  • 2.
    Holm, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkanson, R Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Mixed venous oxygen saturation is a prognostic marker after surgery for aortic stenosis2010In: ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, ISSN 0001-5172, Vol. 54, no 5, p. 589-595Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Adequate monitoring of the hemodynamic state is essential after cardiac surgery and is vital for medical decision making, particularly concerning hemodynamic management. Unfortunately, commonly used methods to assess the hemodynamic state are not well documented with regard to outcome. Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO(2)) was therefore investigated after cardiac surgery. Methods Detailed data regarding mortality were available on all patients undergoing aortic valve replacement for isolated aortic stenosis during a 5-year period in the southeast region of Sweden (n=396). SvO(2) was routinely measured on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and registered in a database. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis of SvO(2) in relation to post-operative mortality related to cardiac failure and all-cause mortality within 30 days was performed. Results The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.97 (95% CI 0.96-1.00) for mortality related to cardiac failure (P=0.001) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.53-0.99) for all-cause mortality (P=0.011). The best cutoff for mortality related to cardiac failure was SvO(2) 53.7%, with a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.94. The negative predictive value was 100%. The best cutoff for all-cause mortality was SvO(2) 58.1%, with a sensitivity of 0.75 and a specificity of 0.84. The negative predictive value was 99.4%. Post-operative morbidity was also markedly increased in patients with a low SvO(2). Conclusion SvO(2), on admission to the ICU after surgery for aortic stenosis, demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity for post-operative mortality related to cardiac failure and a fairly good AUC for all-cause mortality, with an excellent negative predictive value.

  • 3.
    Holm, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vidlund, Marten
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Orjan
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Hakanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Preoperative NT-proBNP independently predicts outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing CABG2013In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, E-ISSN 1651-2006, Vol. 47, no 1, p. 28-35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives. The predictive value of preoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was evaluated in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Design. As a substudy to a clinical trial 383 patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing CABG were studied. 17 patients had a concomitant procedure. NT-proBNP was measured immediately preoperatively and evaluated with regard to in-hospital mortality, and severe circulatory failure postoperatively according to prespecified criteria. Follow-up was 3.2 +/- 0.9 years. Results. In patients with isolated CABG, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 for in-hospital mortality and 0.87 for severe circulatory failure respectively with a best cut-off for preoperative NT-proBNP of 1028 ng/L. This cut-off level independently predicted severe circulatory failure. Patients with NT-proBNP andlt; 1028 ng/L had significantly better long-term survival (p = 0.004). Preoperative NT-proBNP was higher in patients with concomitant procedure than isolated CABG (2146 +/- 1858 v 887 +/- 1635 ng/L; p = 0.0005). In patients with concomitant procedure ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.93 for severe circulatory failure with a best cut-off for preoperative NT-proBNP of 3145 ng/L. Conclusions. Preoperative NT-proBNP predicted in-hospital mortality, severe circulatory failure postoperatively and long-term survival in patients undergoing surgery for acute coronary syndrome but a higher threshold was found in patients having concomitant procedures.

  • 4.
    Holm, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vidlund, Mårten
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Vanky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Örjan
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Does preoperative NT-proBNP provide additional prognostic information to EuroSCORE II in patients undfergoing CABG?2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Holm, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vidlund, Mårten
    Örebro University, Sweden.
    Vanky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Örjan
    Örebro University Hospital, Sweden.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Walther, Sten
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    NT-proBNP provides additional prognostic information to Euroscoe II in patients undergoing CABG2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 6. Olsson, A
    et al.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Alfredsson, Joakim
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Berg, Sören
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Protamine reduces whole blood platelet aggregation after cardiopulmonary bypass2013Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Olsson, Anki
    et al.
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care in Linköping. Blekinge Institute Technology, Sweden.
    Alfredsson, Joakim
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Berglund, Johan
    Blekinge Institute Technology, Sweden.
    Berg, Sören
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Protamine reduces whole blood platelet aggregation after cardiopulmonary bypass2016In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, E-ISSN 1651-2006, Vol. 50, no 1, p. 58-63Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Platelet dysfunction is an important cause of postoperative bleeding after cardiac surgery. Protamine is routinely used for reversal of heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP), but may affect platelet aggregation. We assessed changes in platelet function in relation to protamine administration. Design: Platelet aggregation was analyzed by impedance aggregometry before and after protamine administration in 25 adult cardiac surgery patients. Aggregation was also studied after in vitro addition of heparin and protamine. The activators adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 (TRAP), arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen (COL) were used.Results: Platelet aggregation was reduced by approximately 50% after in vivo protamine administration; ADP 640 +/- 230 (AU*min, mean +/- SD) to 250 +/- 160, TRAP 939 +/- 293 to 472 +/- 260, AA 307 +/- 238 to 159 +/- 143 and COL 1022 +/- 350 to 506 +/- 238 (all p<0.001). Aggregation was also reduced after in vitro addition of protamine alone with activators ADP from 518 +/- 173 to 384 +/- 157 AU*min p<0.001, and AA 449 +/- 311 to 340 +/- 285 (p<0.01) and protamine combined with heparin (1:1 ratio) with activators ADP to 349 +/- 160 and AA to 308 +/- 260 (both p<0.001); and COL from 586 +/- 180 to 455 +/- 172 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Protamine given after CPB markedly reduces platelet aggregation. Protamine added in vitro also reduces platelet aggregation, by itself or in combination with heparin.

  • 8.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Holm, Jonas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Sv02 predicts short-term morbidity and mortality after CABG.2008In: 57th Annaul meeting of the Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2008, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Neurological injury after surgery for ischemic heart disease: risk factors, outcome and role of metabolic interventions2001In: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, ISSN 1010-7940, Vol. 19, no 5, p. 611-618Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Neurological complication remains a feared and increasing problem in association with cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors for neurological complications in a cohort of patients in whom inotropes for weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was gradually replaced by metabolic treatment.

    Methods: The records of 775 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or combined CABG+valve procedures were examined. Forward stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis was used for statistical evaluation of independent risk factors.

    Results: The incidence of neurological injury was 1.8% in patients undergoing isolated CABG and 5.4% after combined CABG+valve procedures. After cross-validation multivariate analysis identified history of cerebrovascular disease, advanced age and aortic cross-clamp time as independent risk factors for postoperative cerebral complications. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and number of bypasses also emerged as risk factors in the primary analysis.

    Conclusions: In general, markers for advanced atherosclerosis, with history of cerebrovascular disease as the most important, emerged as predictors for neurological injury. Although it did not enter the final risk model, the results also suggest that postoperative heart failure deserves further surveillance as a potential risk factor for neurological complications. However, no evidence for untoward neurological effects associated with glutamate or glucose–insulin–potassium treatment was found.

  • 10.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Coronary surgery in patients with compromised left ventricular function: short-term and long-term outcome employing a metabolic strategy2005In: Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2005, 2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Tajik, B
    Vidlund, M
    Friberg, Örjan
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Holm, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Intravenous glutamatereduces the need for inotropes in patients with heart failure after CABG foracute coronary syndrome?2014Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Joachimsson, P. O.
    Department of Anesthesiology, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Department of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Metabolic and hemodynamic effects of intravenous glutamate infusion early after coronary operations1996In: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0022-5223, E-ISSN 1097-685X, Vol. 112, no 6, p. 1468-1477Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Amino acids, particularly glutamate, have been proposed to play an important role in the recovery of cardiac oxidative metabolism after ischemia. In this investigation, the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of glutamate infusion after coronary operations were studied. From 220 to 240 ml 0.1 mol/L l-glutamic acid solution was infused in 10 patients during 1 hour starting 2 hours after operation. A control group of 10 patients received an infusion of 240 ml saline solution. During glutamate infusion, there were significant increases in the uptake of glutamate (from 0.7 ± 0.2 μmol/min in the basal state to a peak of 5.7 ± 1.2 μmol/min at 20 minutes) and lactate (from 4.9 ± 2.0 μmol/min in the basal state to 14.1 ± 4.4 μmol/min at 60 minutes; p < 0.01), whereas the uptake and release of other substrates remained essentially unaffected. Arterial glutamate levels (in whole blood) increased from 103 ± 10 μmol/L to 394 ± 20 μmol/L at 60 minutes. Thirty minutes after discontinuation of the glutamate infusion, arterial levels had decreased to 129 ± 17 μmol/L. The markedly improved utilization of lactate and the unchanged release of alanine together suggest that the oxidative metabolism of the heart was stimulated by glutamate. The metabolic changes were associated with improved myocardial performance. Left ventricular stroke work index increased from 26.8 ± 2.1 gm · beat-1· m-2body surface area to 31.3 ± 3.1 gm · beat-1· m-2body surface area during glutamate infusion. Metabolic support with amino acids may provide a means to improve recovery of metabolic and hemodynamic function of the heart early after cardiac operations.

  • 13.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Metabolic Intervention for weaning problems in patients with preoperative left ventricular dysfunction2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Weaning problems and preoperative left ventricular dysfunction.2008In: 57th Annual meeting of the Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2008, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

      

  • 15.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vidlund, M
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Metabolic strategy in patients with left ventricular dysfunction undergoing CABG2008In: Controversies and Advances in the treatment of Cardiovascular Disease,2008, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Influence of early postoperative heart failure on 5-year survival after surgery for aortic stenosis compared with CABG2006In: 55th Annual meeting of the Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2006, 2006, p. 106-106Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    KS, Stockholm.
    Does glutamate influence myocardial and peripheral tissue metabolism after surgery for aortic stenosis?2006In: 55th Annual meeting of the Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2006, 2006, p. 111-111Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

      

  • 18.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Arnqvist, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Department of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Effects of high-dose glucose–insulin–potassium on myocardial metabolism after coronary surgery in patients with Type II diabetes2001In: Clinical Science, ISSN 0143-5221, Vol. 101, no 1, p. 37-43Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effects of glucose–insulin–potassium (GIK) on cardiac metabolism have been studied previously in non-diabetic patients after cardiac surgery. Although patients with diabetes mellitus can be expected to benefit most from such treatment, the impact of GIK in diabetic patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unexplored. Therefore the present study investigates the effects of high-dose GIK on myocardial substrate utilization after coronary surgery in patients with Type II diabetes. A total of 20 patients with Type II diabetes undergoing elective coronary surgery were randomly allocated to either post-operative high-dose GIK or standard post-operative care, including insulin infusion if necessary to keep blood glucose below 10 mmol/l. Myocardial substrate utilization was studied using the coronary sinus catheter technique. Haemodynamic state was assessed with the aid of Swan–Ganz catheters. High-dose GIK caused a shift towards carbohydrate utilization, with significant lactate uptake throughout the study period and significant uptake of glucose after 4 h. Arterial levels of non-esterified fatty acids and b-hydroxybutyric acid decreased, and after 1 h no significant uptake of these substrates was found. Increases in the cardiac index and stroke volume index were found in patients treated with high-dose GIK. A decrease in systemic vascular resistance was found both in the control group and in the high-dose GIK group. We conclude that high-dose GIK can be used in diabetic patients after cardiac surgery to promote carbohydrate uptake at the expense of non-esterified fatty acids and b-hydroxybutyric acid. This could have implications for treatment of the diabetic heart in association with surgery and ischaemia.

  • 19.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Department of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Myocardial uptake and release of substrates in type II diabetics undergoing coronary surgery2001In: Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ, ISSN 1401-7431, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 207-211Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Knowledge about myocardial metabolism in diabetic patients is limited, and even more so in association with myocardial ischaemia and cardiac surgery. This study investigates myocardial substrate utilization in type II diabetic patients after elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

    DESIGN: Myocardial substrate utilization in 10 type II diabetic patients was assessed during the first hours after elective CABG with the coronary sinus catheter technique.

    RESULTS: No significant myocardial uptake of carbohydrates was observed. Free fatty acids were extracted throughout the study period but uptake was not related to arterial levels. As arterial levels of beta-hydroxybutyric acid tended to increase a significant myocardial uptake emerged. The average extraction rate of beta-hydroxybutyric acid was 31% with a peak of 42%. A comparable extraction rate of glutamate was also found whereas alanine was released from the heart.

    CONCLUSION: Free fatty acids were the main source of energy for the heart whereas uptake of carbohydrates was restricted. The high extraction rates of beta-hydroxybutyric acid and glutamate suggest an adaptive role for these substrates during this unfavourable metabolic state for the post-ischaemic diabetic heart.

  • 20.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Maros, T.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    High-dose glucose-insulin-potassium after cardiac surgery: a retrospective analysis of clinical safety issues2003In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, Vol. 47, no 4, p. 383-390Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Metabolic treatment with insulin or glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) has received attention in association with myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery and critical care. As a result of insulin resistance during neuroendocrine stress, doses of insulin up to 1 IU kg−1 b.w.*h are required to achieve maximal metabolic effects after cardiac surgery. The clinical experience with regard to safety issues of such a high-dose GIK regime in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery is reported.

    Methods: Retrospective, observational study involving all patients treated with high-dose GIK after cardiac surgery during one year in a cardiovascular center at a University Hospital.

    Results: Eighty-nine patients out of 854 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery were treated with high-dose GIK. Mean age was 69 ± 1 years, Higgins score 5.3 ± 0.3. Preoperatively 31.4% had left ventricular function EF≤0.35 and 32.5% had sustained a myocardial infarct during surgery. Mortality was 5.6% and the average ICU stay was 3.7 ± 0.5 days. The main indication for GIK was intraoperative heart failure (69.7%). The average glucose infusion rate during the first 6 h was 4.22 ± 0.15 and 4.91 ± 0.14 mg kg−1 b.w.*min, respectively, in diabetic and non-diabetic patients (P = 0.023). Blood glucose and s-potassium control was acceptable.

    Conclusions: The high-dose GIK regime allowed substantial amounts of glucose to be infused both in diabetic and critically ill patients with maintenance of acceptable blood glucose control. Provided careful monitoring, this regime can be safely used in clinical practice and deserves further evaluation for treatment of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery.

  • 21.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Early postoperative outcome and medium-term survival in 540 diabetic and 2239 nondiabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting2002In: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 0003-4975, Vol. 74, no 3, p. 712-719Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: An increasing proportion of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are diabetics. Patient characteristics, early postoperative outcome, and midterm survival in diabetic patients after CABG were investigated.

    Methods: A total of 2779 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG during 1995 to 1999 were studied, 19.4% of whom had diabetes mellitus. Demographic and peri-procedural data were registered prospectively in a computerized institutional database.

    Results: The diabetic group was younger and included a higher proportion of women, and patients with hypertension, triple-vessel disease, and unstable angina. They required a higher number of bypasses, and longer cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times. Intensive care unit and hospital stays were prolonged and the need for inotropic agents, hemotransfusions, and dialysis was higher in the diabetic group. Renal failure, stroke (4.3% versus 1.7%), mediastinitis, and wound infections were more frequently encountered. Thirty-day mortality was 2.6% versus 1.6% (p = 0.15). Cumulative 5-year survival was 84.4% versus 91.3% (p < 0.001).

    Conclusions: Short-term mortality was acceptable in diabetic patients after CABG but they had increased postoperative morbidity in comparison with nondiabetic patients, particularly with regard to renal function, cerebral complications, and infections. Midterm survival was impaired in diabetic patients mainly because of a less favorable outcome in patients treated with insulin.

  • 22.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Dept. of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm , Sweden.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Influence of glutamate on the recovery of myocardial metabolism during early reperfusion in patients operated for unstable anginaManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. A previous study on glutamate infusion after elective coronary bypass surgery demonstrated increased myocardial uptake of glutamate and improved lactate metabolism. The present study investigates myocardial metabolism in high-risk patients during early reperfusion and evaluates the influence of glutamate on the recovery of myocardial metabolism.

    Methods. 19 patients with unstable angina requiring intravenous nitroglycerine were randomized to intravenous glutamate or saline. Myocardial metabolism during reperfusion was studied from one minute after unclamping the aorta to 15 minutes after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

    Results. Compared with before CPB there was a shift towards glucose uptake during early reperfusion. Immediately after unclamping there was a low oxygen extraction and a lactate release. At the end of the study period oxygen extraction had normalized but in the control group there was still no uptake of lactate. Glutamate infusion resulted in myocardial uptake of glutamate and a significant myocardial uptake of lactate was found at the end of the study period. A substantial uptake of FFAs was observed in both groups.

    Conclusion. Myocardial metabolism during early reperfusion was characterized by dynamic changes including low oxygen extraction, lactate release and a shift towards increased myocardial glucose uptake. Intravenous glutamate infusion resulted in a significant uptake of glutamate, which was associated with metabolic findings suggesting earlier recovery of the oxidative metabolism during reperfusion.

  • 23.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Department of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Intravenous Aspartate Infusion After a Coronary Operation: Effects on Myocardial Metabolism and Hemodynamic State1998In: Annals of Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 0003-4975, E-ISSN 1552-6259, Vol. 65, no 5, p. 1296-1302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. In a previous study glutamate infusion after coronary artery bypass grafting was associated with beneficial effects on myocardial metabolism and myocardial performance. It has been claimed that aspartate is more important than glutamate for the recovery of myocardial metabolism after cardioplegic arrest. Therefore, the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of aspartate were studied after coronary artery bypass grafting.

    Methods. Fifty to 240 mL of a 0.1 mol/L aspartic acid solution was infused intravenously during 60 minutes in 10 patients early after coronary artery bypass grafting. Myocardial metabolism was studied using the coronary sinus catheter technique.

    Results. Aspartate infusion caused a significant increase in the arterial levels of both aspartate and glutamate. This was associated with a significant increase in myocardial uptake of aspartate and a decrease in myocardial uptake of glutamate. Myocardial exchange of other substrates remained unaffected. There were no changes in hemodynamic state except an increase of heart rate and pulmonary vascular resistance.

    Conclusions. Interactions with glutamate metabolism, compatible with competitive inhibition of myocardial glutamate uptake, which may have outweighed potential effects of aspartate, were observed. Recognition of these amino acid interactions is important as they are used together as additives in cardioplegic solutions.

  • 24.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Dept. of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Myocardial metabolism during the early phase of urgent coronary surgery and effects of glutamate infusionManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Glutamate has been reported to improve myocardial tolerance to ischemia. As preoperative ischemia remains a major risk factor for myocardial injury in coronary surgery we decided to investigate the impact of intravenous glutamate infusion in patients operated for unstable angina.

    Methods. 19 patients with unstable angina requiring intravenous nitroglycerine were randomized to intravenous glutamate (30mg/kg (body weight • hour)) or saline. The infusion was started when the patient arrived to the operation theater. Metabolic studies were done just before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

    Results. The only major substrates that were extracted by the heart in the control group were free fatty acids. In the glutamate group there was also a significant uptake of glutamate and lactate. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between arterial level and uptake oflactate (r=0.83; p<0.01).

    Conclusion. The results show an unfavorable metabolic situation for the heart immediately before CPB, which in combination with ischemia could be deleterious. Glutamate infusion was associated with a normal lactate metabolism suggesting that preoperative ischemia was better tolerated.

  • 25.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Intravenous glutamate infusion in patients operated for unstable angina1999In: Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,1999, 1999Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Vanhanen, Ingemar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Joachimsson, P.O.
    Department of Anesthesiology, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Department of Thoracic Physiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Assessment of myocardial glutamate requirements early after coronary artery bypass surgery1998In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, E-ISSN 1651-2006, Vol. 32, no 3, p. 145-152Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Glutamate is an important substrate for the intermediary metabolism of the heart, particularly in association with ischemia. Early after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) myocardial uptake of glutamate seems to be limited by substrate availability (arterial levels). However, glutamate is not an innocuous substrate. As arterial levels of glutamate are important both for myocardial uptake and adverse effects, an attempt was made to determine a minimum dose of glutamate sufficient to supply the needs of the heart after CABG. Ten patients received and infusion of 220-240 ml of 0.1 M L-glutamic acid solution at varying rates during two 30-min periods, starting 2 h after uncomplicated elective CABG. Intravenous glutamate infusion caused a dose-dependent linear increase in arterial glutamate and an increased myocardial uptake of glutamate. However, myocardial uptake of glutamate correlated with arterial levels only at lower infusion rates. Although maximal peak uptake in individual patients (6.6 ± 1.1 μmol/min) occurred at an average increase of arterial whole blood glutamate of 172 ± 34 μmol/L, the greatest impact on myocardial glutamate uptake was achieved by increasing arterial whole blood glutamate by less than 100 μmol/L. This implies that an infusion rate of 30-40 mg glutamate/kg BW/h could suffice to achieve a maximal or near maximal myocardial glutamate uptake in most patients after CABG. The adequacy of this dosage remains to be confirmed in high-risk patients.

  • 27.
    Vanky, Farkas B
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Long-Term Consequences of Postoperative Heart Failure After Surgery for Aortic Stenosis Compared With Coronary Surgery2007In: Annals of Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 0003-4975, E-ISSN 1552-6259, Vol. 83, no 6, p. 2036-2043Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Although postoperative heart failure is a major determinant of operative mortality in cardiac surgery it has received little attention in the literature, and long-term consequences remain to be addressed. Therefore, the impact of postoperative heart failure on long-term survival in relation to other risk factors was studied. Methods: All patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis from 1995 through 2000 in the southeast region of Sweden (n = 398) were compared with a cohort, matched for age and sex, undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG [n = 398]). Risk factors for 5-year mortality were analyzed. Results: Forty-five AVR and 47 CABG patients required treatment for postoperative heart failure. Thirty-day, 1-year, and 5-year mortality in patients with and without postoperative heart failure after AVR were 6.7% versus 1.4% (p = 0.05), 8.9% versus 4.0% (p = 0.13), and 42.2% versus 14.2% (p < 0.0001) respectively. Corresponding results in the CABG group were 21.3% versus 1.1% (p < 0.0001), 25.5% versus 3.1% (p < 0.0001), and 36.2% versus 11.1% (p = 0.0015). Postoperative heart failure, preoperative renal dysfunction, procedure-associated stroke, body mass index less than 19 kg/m2, older age, preoperative atrial fibrillation, and preoperative anemia turned out as independent risk factors for 5-year mortality after AVR. In the CABG group, postoperative heart failure, diabetes mellitus, older age, and procedure-associated stroke emerged as independent risk factor for 5-year mortality. Conclusions: Postoperative heart failure was associated with high early mortality after CABG whereas the grave consequences of postoperative heart failure after AVR for aortic stenosis became evident only with time. © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

  • 28. Vidlund, M
    et al.
    Holm, Jonas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Örjan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Sunnermalm, L
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    The S100-B substudy of the Glutamics-trial: Elevation of S-100B is linked to aortic calcification and postoperative confusion.2008In: 57th Annual meeting of the Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2008, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Vidlund, M
    et al.
    University Hospital, Örebro.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Ö
    University Hospital, Örebro.
    Holm, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Vanky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Sunnermalm, L
    University Hospital, Örebro.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    The influence of inotropic drugs on the outcome of the GLUTAMICS trial2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Vidlund, Marten
    et al.
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Friberg, Orjan
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Juhl-Andersen, Soren
    Cardiothorac Anesthesia Blekinge Hospital, Sweden .
    Holm, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Sunnermalm, Lena
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Borg, Jan-Olov
    Cardiothorac Anesthesia Blekinge Hospital, Sweden .
    Sharma, Rajiv
    Cardiothorac Anesthesia Blekinge Hospital, Sweden .
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    GLUTAMICS-a randomized clinical trial on glutamate infusion in 861 patients undergoing surgery for acute coronary syndrome2012In: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0022-5223, E-ISSN 1097-685X, Vol. 144, no 4, p. 922-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Glutamate has been claimed to protect the heart from ischemia and to facilitate metabolic and hemodynamic recovery after ischemia. The GLUTAmate for Metabolic Intervention in Coronary Surgery trial investigated whether an intravenous glutamate infusion given in association with surgery for acute coronary syndrome could reduce mortality and prevent or mitigate myocardial injury and postoperative heart failure. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods: In the present prospective, triple-center, double-blind study, 861 patients undergoing surgery for acute coronary syndrome were randomly assigned to an intravenous infusion of glutamate (n=428) or saline (n=433) perioperatively. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: The incidence of the primary endpoint-a composite of 30-day mortality, perioperative myocardial infarction, and left ventricular heart failure at weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass-was 7.3% versus 5.8% (P=.41) in the glutamate and control groups, respectively. Patients with left ventricular failure at weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass had a shorter median intensive care unit stay (25 vs 92 hours; P=.02) if they were treated with glutamate. In patients with unstable angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society class IV) undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (n=458), the incidence of severe circulatory failure according to the prespecified criteria was significantly lower in the glutamate group (1.3% vs 6.9%; P=.004). On multivariate analysis, glutamate infusion was associated with a reduced risk of developing severe circulatory failure (odds ratio, 0.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.72; P=.02). A relative risk reduction exceeding 50% for developing severe circulatory failure was seen in most risk groups undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, with those with diabetes a notable exception. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: The primary endpoint did not differ significantly between the groups. The secondary outcomes and post hoc analyses warrant additional studies with regard to the potential beneficial effect of glutamate on postischemic myocardial recovery.

  • 31.
    Vidlund, Mårten
    et al.
    Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesia, University Hospital Örebro, Sweden.
    Holm, Jonas
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkanson, Erik
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Friberg, Örjan
    Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesia, University Hospital Örebro, Sweden.
    Sunnermalm, Lena
    Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesia, University Hospital Örebro, Sweden.
    Vánky, Farkas
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    The S-100B substudy of the GLUTAMICS trial: Glutamate infusion not associated with sustained elevation of plasma S-100B after coronary surgery2010In: Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0261-5614, E-ISSN 1532-1983, Vol. 29, no 3, p. 358-364Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aims: Concerns have been raised about potential neurological injury related to exogenous glutamate. In cardiac surgery glutamate has been administered as a putative cardioprotective agent by cardioplegia or intravenous infusion. In the GLUTAMICS trial, in addition to surveillance of clinical neurological injuries, a prespecified subgroup was analyzed with regard to postoperative S-100B levels to detect potential subclinical neurological injury related to glutamate infusion. Methods: Sixty-nine patients operated on for unstable coronary syndrome were randomized to intravenous infusion of glutamate (n = 35) or saline (n = 34) perioperatively. Plasma levels of S-100B were obtained on the third postoperative day. Results: S-100B in the glutamate group and the control group were 0.079 +/- 0.034 mu g/L and 0.090 +/- 0.042 mu g/L respectively (p = 0.245). There were no patients with stroke or mortality. Three patients in the control group and two in the glutamate group had postoperative confusion. These patients had significantly elevated S-100B compared with those without confusion (0.132 +/- 0.047 vs 0.081 +/- 0.036 mu g/L; p = 0.003). Overall, 21 patients had S-100B above reference level (greater than= 0.10 mu g/L) and these patients had significantly more calcifications in the ascending aorta on epiaortic scanning. Conclusions: Intravenous glutamate infusion during surgery for unstable coronary artery disease did not initiate a sustained elevation of plasma S-100B. Thus, no evidence for subclinical neurological injury related to glutamate infusion was found. In contrast, postoperative elevation of plasma S-100B was linked to calcification of the ascending aorta and postoperative confusion.

  • 32.
    Vánky, Farkas B.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Does glutamate influence myocardial and peripheral tissue metabolism after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis?2006In: Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0261-5614, E-ISSN 1532-1983, Vol. 25, no 6, p. 913-922Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background & aims

    Glutamate plays an important role for myocardial metabolism in association with ischaemia. Patients with coronary artery disease characteristically demonstrate increased uptake of glutamate. Improved recovery of myocardial metabolism and haemodynamic state after coronary surgery has been reported in patients treated with glutamate infusion. However, the effect of glutamate has not been studied after other cardiac surgical procedures. In addition, the effects of glutamate on peripheral tissue metabolism remain to be described.

    Methods

    Twenty patients undergoing surgery for aortic stenosis were studied after randomisation to blinded infusion of glutamate or saline during 1 h immediately after skin closure. Myocardial and leg tissue metabolism were assessed with organ balance techniques.

    Results

    Postoperative glutamate infusion induced a marked increase in myocardial and leg tissue uptake of glutamate. This was associated with a significant uptake of lactate in the heart. The negative arterial–venous differences of amino acids and free fatty acids across the leg were significantly smaller in the glutamate group. Haemodynamic state remained stable and did not differ between groups.

    Conclusion

    The heart and peripheral tissues consumed the exogenously administered glutamate after surgery for aortic stenosis. Potentially favourable effects of glutamate on myocardial and peripheral tissue metabolism are suggested.

  • 33.
    Vánky, Farkas B.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Maros, Tamás
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Different characteristics of postoperative heart failure after surgery for aortic stenosis and coronary disease2004In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, Vol. 38, no 3, p. 152-158Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Postoperative heart failure (PHF) remains a major determinant of outcome after cardiac surgery. However, possible differences in characteristics of PHF after valve surgery and coronary surgery (CABG) have received little attention. Therefore, this issue was studied in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) and CABG, respectively.

    Design: Three hundred and ninety-eight patients undergoing isolated AVR for aortic stenosis were compared with 398 patients, matched for age and sex, undergoing on-pump isolated CABG. Forty-five AVR and 47 CABG patients required treatment for PHF and these were studied in detail.

    Results: The AVR group had longer aortic cross-clamp time and higher rate of isolated right ventricular heart failure postoperatively. Myocardial ischemia during induction and perioperative myocardial infarction were more common in the CABG group. One-year mortality was 8.9% in the AVR group vs 25.5% in the CABG group (p = 0.05).

    Conclusions: The incidence of PHF was similar in both groups but different characteristics were found. Isolated right ventricular failure and PHF precipitated by septicemia were more common in AVR patients. PHF was more clearly associated with myocardial ischemia and infarction in CABG patients, which could explain their less favorable survival.

  • 34.
    Vánky, Farkas B.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Tamás, Eva
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Risk factors for postoperative heart failure in patients operated on for aortic stenosis2006In: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 0003-4975, Vol. 81, no 4, p. 1297-1304Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Risk factors for postoperative heart failure (PHF) have not been specifically studied in valve surgery although it has been acknowledged that patient variables may have a more profound influence on postoperative outcome than valve-related factors.

    Methods

    All patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis from January 1995 to December 2000 in the southeast region of Sweden were studied (n = 398). Forty-five patients with aortic valve replacement required treatment for PHF. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify risk factors for PHF.

    Results

    Thirty-day mortality was 6.7% versus 1.4% for patients with and without PHF, respectively (p = 0.05). With regard to clinical presentation of aortic stenosis, angina was associated with reduced risk, whereas history of congestive heart failure increased the risk for PHF. Five preoperative (hypertension, history of congestive heart failure, severe systolic left ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, preoperative hemodynamic instability) and two intraoperative (aortic cross-clamp time, intraoperative myocardial infarction) variables were identified as independent risk factors for PHF. Patient–prosthesis mismatch did not influence the risk of PHF significantly.

    Conclusions

    Postoperative heart failure was associated with a marked increase in postoperative mortality and morbidity. Risk factors for PHF were variables indicating preexisting myocardial dysfunction, increased right or left ventricular afterload, and intraoperative myocardial injury. Our results highlight issues concerning cross-clamp time and myocardial protection, particularly for patients with preoperatively compromised myocardial function. Asymptomatic patients with significant aortic stenosis should be considered for surgery before substantial echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular dysfunction or increased pulmonary artery pressure develops.

  • 35.
    Vánky, Farkas B.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jorfeldt, L.
    Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Linköping Heart Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden..
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Myocardial metabolism before and after valve replacement for aortic stenosis2006In: Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0021-9509, E-ISSN 1827-191X, Vol. 47, no 3, p. 305-313Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: Post ischemic disturbances of myocardial metabolism that may contribute to postoperative heart failure and are accessible to metabolic treatment have been identified early after coronary surgery. Knowledge derived from these studies may not be applicable to other patient groups. Therefore we studied myocardial energy metabolism in patients operated for isolated aortic stenosis.

    METHODS: Twenty patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) because of aortic stenosis without significant regurgitation were studied before and immediately after surgery. Myocardial uptake of oxygen and energy substrates was assessed with coronary sinus catheter technique.

    RESULTS: Free fatty acids (FFA) were the main source of myocardial energy before and after AVR. A significant uptake of lactate was only recorded preoperatively. A significant uptake of glutamate of the same magnitude as previously described in coronary patients was found pre- and postoperatively. Postoperatively a relative decrease of myocardial oxygen extraction ratio (P<0.001) and oxygen consumption (P=0.14) by approximately 20% was observed.

    CONCLUSION: Preoperative and postoperative metabolic adaptation with substantial uptake of glutamate, previously claimed to be due to chronic or repetitive ischemia, was demonstrated. The results indicate that oxidative metabolism had not fully recovered when the procedure was completed. However, the potentially unfavorable postoperative metabolic state with predominant reliance on FFA as energy source was out-balanced by the unloading effect of AVR with a reduction in myocardial oxygen extraction.

  • 36.
    Vánky, Farkas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Maros, T
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Implications of Postoperative Heart Failure after surgery for Aortic Stenosis and Coronary Disease2003In: European Association of Cardiovascular Surgery,2003, 2003Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Vánky, Farkas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Marós, T
    Tamas, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Different characteristics of postoperative heart failure after surgery for aortic stenosis and coronary disease: implications for short-term and long-term outcome2005In: EWCI European Workgruoup for Cardiothoracic Intensivists,2005, 2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Vánky, Farkas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Szabó, Zoltán
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Nylander, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Clinical Physiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Clinical Physiology.
    Jorfeldt, Lennart
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Myocardial metabolism and energetics before and after valve replacement for aortic stenosis2005In: Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2005, 2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Vánky, Farkas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Håkansson, Erik
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Anaesthesiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Tamas, Eva
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Svedjeholm, Rolf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.
    Risk factors for postoperative heart failure in patients operated for aortic stenosis2005In: Scandinavian Association for Thoracic Surgery,2005, 2005Conference paper (Other academic)
1 - 39 of 39
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