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  • 1.
    Andersson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Intake air dynamics on a turbocharged SI-engine with wastegate2002Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    On turbocharged spark-ignited (SI) engines with wastegate the position of the wastegate changes the exhaust manifold pressure. A secondary effect of this is that the residual gas mass trapped inside the cylinder at exhaust valve closing changes and causes the volumetric efficiency to change. The volumetricefficiency is used to estimate air-mass-to-cylinder which is important for good air/fuel ratio control.

    Air-mass to-cylinder is not directly measurable so observers for air-mass flow to the cylinder are therefore often proposed. For observers with one state for intake manifold pressure and proportional feed-back from measured state, there is a tradeoff whether to estimate intake manifold pressure or air-mass-to-cylinder. A new nonlinear air-mass-to-cylinder observer is suggested with two states: one for intake manifold pressure and one for the in-cylinder air-mass offset compared to expected using the volumetric efficiency.

    The exhaust manifold pressure can change rapidly in an engine with wastegate. A method to estimate the exhaust manifold pressure is presented for diagnosis of wastegate and turbocharger on SI-engines. It does not use any extra sensors in the exhaust system after the calibration. The exhaust manifold pressure estimator is validated using a series of wastegate steps. The exhaust pressure estimation is designed for steady-state conditions and the validation shows that it works well and converges within 1 to 4 seconds.

    Finally a method to detect leakages in the exhaust manifold is suggested. Leakage detection before the three way catalyst is important since untreated emissions leak out and since, due to standing waves in the exhaust system, air can leak in and disturb the air/fuel ratio controller. To extend the operating region for the detection, the proposed method utilizes both information on leaks out of the manifold and information on presence of oxygen in the exhaust manifold.

  • 2.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Air-to-Cylinder Observer on a Turbocharged SI-Engine with Wastegate2001Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Observers for air mass flow to the cylinder is studied on a turbocharged SI-engine with wastegate. A position change of the wastegate influences the residual gas mass and causes the volumetric efficiency to change, which produces a transient in the air mass flow to the cylinder. Two standard methods of estimating air-to-cylinder are investigated. A new nonlinear air-to-cylinder observer is suggested with two states: one for intake manifold pressure and one for the offset in in-cylinder air mass compared to expected through the volumetric efficiency. The observers are validated on intake manifold pressure data from a turbocharged spark ignited production engine with wastegate.

  • 3.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Cylinder Air Charge Estimator in Turbocharged SI-Engines2004Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 4.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Detection of Exhaust Manifold Leaks on a Turbocharged SI-engine with Wastegate2002Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Exhaust Manifold Pressure Estimation on a Turbocharged SI-engine with Wastegate2001Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Mean-value Observer for a Turbocharged SI-engine2004Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Observer Based Feedforward Air-Fuel Control of Turbocharged SI-Engines2005In: Proceedings of 16th Triennial World Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, IFAC Papers Online, 2005, Vol. 38, p. 200-205Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Air-fuel control on turbocharged (TC) SI-engines require precise prediction of the cylinder air-charge (CAC). Using an observer it is possible to both estimate the necessary system states and to provide a framework to design the necessary CAC feedforward controller. Here a mean value engine model of a TC SI-engine is used to develop an observer. The output of the observer is fed as an initial condition to a predictor which is used for feedforward of the CAC for air-fuel control. The resulting controller is experimentally validated on a SAAB 2.0 dm3 TC engine using tip-in and tip-out transients. The results show that the excursions in Λ are less than 5%

  • 8.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Three Way Catalyst Control using PI-style Controller with HEGO Sensor Feedback2002Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Nielsen, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Modeling and Architecture Examples of Model Based Engine Control1999Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    Frisk, Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    Sensor Selection for Observer Feedback in Turbocharged Spark Ignited Engines2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Eriksson, Lars
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    Nielsen, Lars
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Brugard, J.
    Bergstrom, J.
    Pettersson, F.
    Andersson, Per
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    Modeling of a turbocharged SI engine2002In: Annual Reviews in Control, ISSN 1367-5788, E-ISSN 1872-9088, Vol. 26 I, p. 129-137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Turbocharged SI engines are a major possibility in the current trend of down-sized engines with preserved drivability performance. Considering control and supervision it is favorable to have a mean value model to be used e.g. in observer design. Such models of turbo engines are similar to those of naturally aspirated engines, but there are some special characteristics, e.g. the interconnected gas flows, the intercooler, the difference in relative sizes between the gas volumes (compared to naturally aspirated engines), the turbo, and the waste gate. Here, a model is developed with a strategy to find a model for each engine component (air filter, compressor, after cooler (or intercooler), throttle, engine, turbine, waste gate, and a lumped model for the catalyst and exhaust) as they behave in an engine setting. When investigating agreement with measured data and sensitivity of possible model structures, a number of interesting issues are raised. The experiments and the model validation have been performed on a Saab 2.3 1 production engine.

  • 12.
    Eriksson, Lars
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Nielsen, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Brugård, Jan
    Bergström, Johan
    Pettersson, Fredrik
    Andersson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Modeling and Simulation of a Turbo Charged SI Engine2001Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Eriksson, Lars
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Nielsen, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Brugård, Jan
    Bergström, Johan
    Pettersson, Fredrik
    Andersson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Modeling and Simulation of a Turbo Charged SI Engine2002In: Annual Reviews in Control, ISSN 1367-5788, E-ISSN 1872-9088, Vol. 26, p. 129-137Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Thomasson, Andreas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Eriksson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Leufvén, Oskar
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Andersson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Wastegate Actuator Modeling and Model-Based Boost Pressure Control2009In: Proceedings of the 2009 IFAC Workshop on Engine and Powertrain Control, Simulation and Modeling / [ed] Antonio Sciarretta and Paolino Tona, 2009, p. 87-94Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The torque response of an engine is important for driver acceptance. For turbocharged spark ignited (TCSI) engines this is tightly connected to the boost pressure control, which is usually achieved with a wastegate. A challenging scenario is when the throttle is fully open and the load is essentially controlled by the wastegate. First a model for the pneumatic wastegate actuator and air control solenoid is developed. The wastegate model consists of three submodels; the actuator pressure, the static position, and an additional position dynamics. A complete engine model is constructed by including the actuator model in a Mean Value Engine Model (MVEM) for a TCSI engine. This model describes the transient boost pressure response to steps in wastegate control inputs. The subsystems and complete MVEM are validated on an engine test bench and it explains the overshoot seen in the step responses. The model is used to study the system response and give insight into the dominating phenomena and it points out that the engine speed is important for the response. Further, for each speed it is sufficient to model the system as a second order linear system, that captures an overshoot. A controller consisting of a mapped feedforward loop and a gain scheduled feedback loop is developed together with a tuning method based on the IMC framework for the feedback loop. The controller and tuning method is shown to achieve the desired boost pressure behavior both on the complete MVEM and on real engines. The experimental validation is carried out both in an engine test cell and in a vehicle.

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