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  • 1.
    Ajma, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Furdek, Marija
    School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden / Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Dept. of Telecommunications, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Monti, Paolo
    School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wosinska, Lena
    School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Dynamic provisioning utilizing redundant modules in elastic optical networks based on architecture on demand nodes2014In: European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC), 2014, IEEE , 2014, p. 1-3Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Survivable synthetic ROADMs are equipped with redundant switching modules to support failure recovery. The paper proposes a dynamic connection provisioning strategy which exploits these idle redundant modules to provision regular traffic resulting in a substantial improvement in the blocking performance.

  • 2.
    Ajmal, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cavdar, Cicek
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Trading Quality of Transmission for Improved Blocking Performance in All-Optical Networks2013In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2013, 2013, p. AF4E.5-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We propose a connection provisioning strategy in dynamic all-optical networks, which exploit the possibility to allow a tolerable signal quality degradation during a small fraction of holding-time resulting in a significant improvement of blocking performance.

  • 3.
    Ajmal, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Furdek, Marija
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden / Dept. of Telecommunications, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Monti, Paolo
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    An Optimization Model for Dynamic Bulk Provisioning in Elastic Optical Networks2014In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2014, Optics Info Base, Optical Society of America, 2014, p. AF3E.6-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigate benefits of setup-delay tolerance in elastic optical networks and propose an optimization model for dynamic and concurrent connection provisioning. Simulation shows that the proposed strategy offers significant improvement of the network blocking performance.

  • 4.
    Ajmal, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Zervas, Georgios
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Saridis, George
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Salas, Emilio H.
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Simeonidou, Dimitra
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Flexible and Synthetic SDM Networks with Multi-core-Fibers Implemented by Programmable ROADMs2014In: Proceedings of European Conference on Optical Communication ECOC2014, Cannes, France, September 21-25 September 2014, IEEE , 2014, p. 1-3Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study looks into network planning issues for synthetic MCF-based SDM networks implemented through programmable ROADMs. The results show that significant savings in switching modules and energy can be attained by exploiting the flexibility inherent in programmable ROADM through a proper network design.

  • 5.
    Ajmal, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Zervas, Georgios
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Simeonidou, Dimitra
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, UK.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Routing, Spectrum and Core Allocation in Flexgrid SDM Networks with Multi-core Fibers2014In: 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL NETWORK DESIGN AND MODELING, IEEE , 2014, p. 192-197Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Space division multiplexing (SDM) over multi-core fiber (MCF) is advocated as a promising technology to overcome the capacity limit of the current single-core optical networks. However, employing the MCF for flexgrid networks necessitates the development of new concepts, such as routing, spectrum and core allocation (RSCA) for traffic demands. The introduction of MCF in the networks mitigates the spectrum continuity constraint of the routing and spectrum assignment (RSA) problem. In fact cores can be switched freely on different links during routing of the network traffic. Similarly, the route disjointness for demands with same allocated spectrum diminishes to core disjointness at the link level. On the other hand, some new issues such as the inter-core crosstalk should be taken into account while solving the RSCA problem. This paper formulates the RSCA network planning problem using the integer linear programming (ILP) formulation. The aim is to optimally minimize the maximum number of spectrum slices required on any core of MCF of a flexgrid SDM network. Furthermore, a scalable and effective heuristic is proposed for the same problem and its performance is compared with the optimal solution. The results show that the proposed algorithm is able to well approximate the optimal solution based on ILP model.

  • 6. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Connections Provisioning Strategies for dynamic WDM networks2012Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The size, complexity, and the amount of traffic generation of optical communication networks have dramatically increased over the last decades. Exciting technologies, namely, optical amplifiers, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and optical filters have been included in optical networks, in order to fulfill end users appetite for bandwidth. However, the users high bandwidth demand will further increase with time, as emerging on-demand bandwidth intensive applications are starting to dominate the networks. Applications such as interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage, grid computing, e-science, e-health to mention a few, are becoming increasingly attractive and important for the community. Given the high bandwidth requirements and strict service level specifications (SLSs) of such applications, WDM networks equipped with agile devices, such as reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers and tunable transceivers integrated with G-MPLS/ASON control-plane technology are advocated as a natural choice for their implementation. SLSs are metrics of a service level agreement (SLA), which is a contract between a customer and network operator. Apart from other candidate parameters, the set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time have been defined as metrics of SLA.

    This work addresses the network connections provisioning problem for the above mentioned demanding applications, by exploiting the time dimension of connections request. The problem is investigated for dynamic networks comprising ideal and nonideal components in their physical layer, and for applications with differentiated set-up delay tolerance and quality of signal requirements. Various strategies for different scenarios are proposed, each strategy combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. The objectives of all these strategies are to enhance the network connections provisioning capability and to fulfill customers demand, by utilizing the network resources efficiently.

    List of papers
    1. Effect of Delay Tolerance in WDM Networks with Differentiated Services
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effect of Delay Tolerance in WDM Networks with Differentiated Services
    2011 (English)In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition (OFC/NFOEC), 2011 and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, IEEE , 2011, p. 1-3Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study a dynamic WDM network supporting different service classes (SC) containing applications having similar setup delay tolerance. By utilizing delay tolerance we propose scheduling strategies able to significantly reduce blocking probability of each SC.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2011
    Keywords
    Bandwidth, Delay, Electronic mail, Optical fiber networks, Real time systems, Telemedicine, WDM networks
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85535 (URN)10.1364/NFOEC.2011.JWA056 (DOI)978-1-55752-906-0 (ISBN)
    Conference
    Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition (OFC/NFOEC), 2011 and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, 6-10 March, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2014-10-21Bibliographically approved
    2. Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks Using Different Schemes
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks Using Different Schemes
    2011 (English)In: Proceedings 2011 International Conferenceon the Network of the Future, 28-30 November, 2011 Paris, France, IEEE , 2011, p. 97-101Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    strategies. First we analyze a strategy which effectively utilizes two Service Level Agreement (SLA) metrics i.e. holding-time combined with set-up delay tolerance, for connection provisioning. We investigate its performance improvement compared to the scheme proposed in [4] and with the strategy which exploits only the set-up delay tolerance for connection provisioning. Secondly, we evaluate the performance of the various approaches for network blocking reduction over a wide range of network loads. Our aim is to obtain an insight information, that can be useful for selection of an optimal strategy for designing a network, with specific network parameters and performance requirements.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2011
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85536 (URN)10.1109/NOF.2011.6126691 (DOI)978-1-4577-1605-8 (ISBN)
    Conference
    International Conference on the Network of the Future (NOF), 28-30 Nov, 2011, Paris, France
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2012-11-27
    3. Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks by Rerouting and set-up Delay Tolerance
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks by Rerouting and set-up Delay Tolerance
    2011 (English)In: 17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 2011, IEEE , 2011, p. 195-200Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With the emergence of bandwidth intensive applications new methodologies need to be developed for improvement of network blocking performance, without supplying extra resources in dynamic wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks. Rerouting is one among the viable and cost-effective solutions to reduce the blocking probability (BP) of optical WDM networks. Similarly, set-up delay tolerance, a metric of service level agreement (SLA) has been exploited in [1]-[3] for improvement in network BP. In this paper, we study the rerouting in dynamic WDM network and analyze two different lightpath rerouting strategies. Moreover, we investigate further improvement in network BP by exploiting these rerouting techniques for network provisioned with set-up delay tolerance. Through extensive simulation studies, we confirm that the rerouting strategies decrease the BP substantially for network provisioned with set-up delay tolerance, even for smaller set-up delay tolerance value i.e. when the connection requests are impatient to wait for provisioning in the network. However, it also reduce BP significantly even when the network is not provisioned with set-up delay tolerance.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2011
    Series
    IEEE International Conference on Networks, ISSN 1556-6463 ; 2011
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85545 (URN)10.1109/ICON.2011.6168474 (DOI)978-1-4577-1824-3 (ISBN)
    Conference
    17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 14-16 Dec., Singapore
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2012-11-22Bibliographically approved
    4. Impairment-Aware Dynamic Provisioning in WDM Networks with set-up Delay Tolerance and Holding-time Awareness
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Impairment-Aware Dynamic Provisioning in WDM Networks with set-up Delay Tolerance and Holding-time Awareness
    2011 (English)In: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 2011, IEEE , 2011, p. 213-218Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study a dynamic WDM network with nonideal components in the physical layer which uses an impairment-aware routing and wavelength (RWA) algorithm for connection provisioning. We investigate the reduction in blocking probability (BP) by utilizing service Level Agreement (SLA) metric i.e. setup delay tolerance during connection provisioning. Furthermore, we explore the improvement in the network performance by efficiently utilizing the knowledge of the connections holding-time, another metric of SLA. Keeping in mind that BP reduction can be obtained by set-up delay tolerance [1] our focus is to investigate how set-up delay tolerance combined with holding-time awareness can improve BP performance caused by physical impairment. Our simulation results confirm that significant improvement can be achieved by holding-time aware connection provisioning compared to the unaware holding-time case. Moreover as expected, set-up delay tolerance can reduce BP even without knowledge of connections holding-time.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2011
    Series
    IEEE International Conference on Networks, ISSN 1556-6463 ; 2011
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85542 (URN)10.1109/ICON.2011.6168477 (DOI)978-1-4577-1824-3 (ISBN)
    Conference
    17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 2011, 14-16 Dec., Singapore
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2012-11-27Bibliographically approved
    5. Fair Scheduling of Dynamically Provisioned WDM Connections with Differentiated Signal Quality
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Fair Scheduling of Dynamically Provisioned WDM Connections with Differentiated Signal Quality
    2012 (English)In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM), 2012, IEEE , 2012, p. 1-6Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., Interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage and grid computing) are gaining momentum and are becoming increasingly important. Given the high bandwidth required by these applications, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are seen as the natural choice for their transport technology. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such services, the ones based on service level agreement (SLA) metrics such as setup delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness showed a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way. This paper addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission (QoT). With this objective in mind three fair scheduling algorithms are proposed in a dynamic traffic scenario, each one combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. Proposed solutions are specifically taylored to facilitate the provisioning of the most stringent service class so as to balance the success rate among the different classes. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approaches are able to guarantee a fair treatment reaching up to 99% in terms of Jain's fairness index, considering the per-class success ratio, without compromising the improvements in terms of overall network blocking probability.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2012
    Keywords
    Bandwidth, Delay, Electronic mail, Optical fiber networks, Real time systems, Telemedicine, WDM networks
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85544 (URN)10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210281 (DOI)978-1-4673-1441-1 (ISBN)978-1-4673-1440-4 (ISBN)
    Conference
    16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM), 17-20 April, Colchester, UK
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2015-03-23Bibliographically approved
    Download full text (pdf)
    Connections Provisioning Strategies for dynamic WDM networks
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  • 7. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Planning and Provisioning Strategies for Optical Core Networks2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Optical communication networks are considered the main catalyst for the transformation of communication technology, and serve as the backbone of today's Internet. The inclusion of exciting technologies, such as, optical amplifiers, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADM) in optical networks have made the cost of information transmission around the world negligible. However, to maintain the cost effectiveness for the growing bandwidth demand, facilitate faster provisioning, and provide richer sets of service functionality, optical networks must continue to evolve. With the proliferation of cloud computing the demand for a promptly responsive network has increased. Moreover, there are several applications, such as, real time multimedia services that can become realizable, depending on the achievable connection set-up time.

    Given the high bandwidth requirements and strict service level specifications (SLSs) of such applications, dynamic on-demand WDM networks are advocated as a first step in this evolution. SLSs are metrics of a service level agreement (SLA), which is a contract between a customer and network operator. Apart from the other candidate parameters, the set-up delay tolerance, and connection holding-time have been defined as metrics of SLA. Exploiting these SLA parameters for on-line provisioning strategies exhibits a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way.

    The first part of this thesis focuses on different scheduling strategies for promoting the requests belonging to smaller set-up delay tolerance service classes. The first part also addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission. Furthermore, for delay impatient applications the thesis proposes a provisioning approach, which employs the possibility to tolerate a slight degradation in quality of transmission during a small fraction of the holding-time.

    The next essential phase for scaling system capacity and satisfying the diverse customer demands is the introduction of flexibility in the underlying technology. In this context, the new optical transport networks, namely elastic optical networks (EON) are considered as a worthwhile solution to efficiently utilize the available spectrum resources. Similarly, space division multiplexing (SDM) is envisaged as a promising technology for the capacity expansion of future networks. Among the alternative for flexible nodes, the architecture on demand (AoD) node has the capability to dynamically adapt its composition according to the switching and processing needs of the network traffic.

    The second part of this thesis investigates the benefits of set-up delay tolerance for EON by proposing an optimization model for dynamic and concurrent connection provisioning. Furthermore, it also examines the planning aspect for flexible networks by presenting strategies that employ the adaptability inherent in AoD. Significant reduction in switching devices is attainable by proper planning schemes that synthesized the network by allocating switching device where and when needed while maximizing fiber switching operation. In addition, such a design approach also reduces the power consumption of the network. However, cost-efficient techniques in dynamic networks can deteriorate the network blocking probability owing to insufficient number of switching modules. For dynamic networks, the thesis proposes an effective synthesis provisioning scheme along with a technique for optimal placement of switching devices in the network nodes.

    The network planning problem is further extended to multi-core-fiber (MCF) based SDM networks. The proposed strategies for SDM networks aim to establish the connections through proper allocation of spectrum and core while efficiently utilizing the spectrum resources. Finally, the optimal planning strategy for SDM networks is tailored to fit synthetic AoD based networks with the goal to optimally build each node and synthesize the whole network with minimum possible switching resources.

    List of papers
    1. Service Differentiated Provisioning in Dynamic WDM Networks Based on Set-Up Delay Tolerance
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Service Differentiated Provisioning in Dynamic WDM Networks Based on Set-Up Delay Tolerance
    2013 (English)In: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, ISSN 1943-0620, E-ISSN 1943-0639, Vol. 5, no 11, p. 1250-1261Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Optical networks are expected to provide a unified platform for a diverse set of emerging applications (three-dimensional TV, digital cinema, e-health, grid computing, etc). The service differentiation will be an essential feature of these networks. Considering the fact that users have different levels of patience for different network applications, referred to as set-up delay tolerance, it will be one of the key parameters for service differentiation. Service differentiation based on set-up delay tolerance will not only enable network users to select an appropriate service class (SC) in compliance with their requirements, but will also provide an opportunity to optimize the network resource provisioning by exploiting this information, resulting in an improvement in the overall performance. Improvement in network performance can be further enhanced by exploiting the connection holding-time awareness. However, when multiple classes of service with different set-up delay tolerances are competing for network resources, the connection requests belonging to SCs with higher set-up delay tolerance have better chances to grab the resources and leave less room for the others, resulting in degradation in the blocking performance of less patient customers. This study proposes different scheduling strategies for promoting the requests belonging to smaller set-up delay tolerance SCs, such as giving priority, reserving some fraction of available resources, and augmenting the research space by providing some extra paths. Extensive simulation results show that 1) priority in the rescheduling queue is not always sufficient for eradicating the degradation effect of high delay tolerant SCs on the provisioning rate of the most stringent SC, and 2) by utilizing the proposed strategies, resource efficiency and overall network blocking performance improve significantly in all SCs.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2013
    Keywords
    Connections holding-time; Deadline driven provisioning; Dynamic connection provisioning; Dynamic scheduling; Set-up delay tolerance; WDM networks
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-103306 (URN)10.1364/JOCN.5.001250 (DOI)000328643500013 ()
    Available from: 2014-01-17 Created: 2014-01-16 Last updated: 2017-12-06
    2. Fair Scheduling of Dynamically Provisioned WDM Connections with Differentiated Signal Quality
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Fair Scheduling of Dynamically Provisioned WDM Connections with Differentiated Signal Quality
    2012 (English)In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM), 2012, IEEE , 2012, p. 1-6Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., Interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage and grid computing) are gaining momentum and are becoming increasingly important. Given the high bandwidth required by these applications, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are seen as the natural choice for their transport technology. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such services, the ones based on service level agreement (SLA) metrics such as setup delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness showed a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way. This paper addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission (QoT). With this objective in mind three fair scheduling algorithms are proposed in a dynamic traffic scenario, each one combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. Proposed solutions are specifically taylored to facilitate the provisioning of the most stringent service class so as to balance the success rate among the different classes. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approaches are able to guarantee a fair treatment reaching up to 99% in terms of Jain's fairness index, considering the per-class success ratio, without compromising the improvements in terms of overall network blocking probability.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2012
    Keywords
    Bandwidth, Delay, Electronic mail, Optical fiber networks, Real time systems, Telemedicine, WDM networks
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85544 (URN)10.1109/ONDM.2012.6210281 (DOI)978-1-4673-1441-1 (ISBN)978-1-4673-1440-4 (ISBN)
    Conference
    16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM), 17-20 April, Colchester, UK
    Available from: 2012-11-22 Created: 2012-11-22 Last updated: 2015-03-23Bibliographically approved
    3. Trading Quality of Transmission for Improved Blocking Performance in All-Optical Networks
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Trading Quality of Transmission for Improved Blocking Performance in All-Optical Networks
    2013 (English)In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2013, 2013, p. AF4E.5-Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We propose a connection provisioning strategy in dynamic all-optical networks, which exploit the possibility to allow a tolerable signal quality degradation during a small fraction of holding-time resulting in a significant improvement of blocking performance.

    Keywords
    All-optical networks; Networks, network optimization; Networks, wavelength routing
    National Category
    Computer and Information Sciences Computer Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-115903 (URN)978-1-55752-989-3 (ISBN)
    Conference
    Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, November 12-15, Beijing, China
    Note

    DOI does not work: 10.1364/ACPC.2013.AF4E.5

    Available from: 2015-03-23 Created: 2015-03-23 Last updated: 2018-03-09Bibliographically approved
    4. An Optimization Model for Dynamic Bulk Provisioning in Elastic Optical Networks
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>An Optimization Model for Dynamic Bulk Provisioning in Elastic Optical Networks
    Show others...
    2014 (English)In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2014, Optics Info Base, Optical Society of America, 2014, p. AF3E.6-Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigate benefits of setup-delay tolerance in elastic optical networks and propose an optimization model for dynamic and concurrent connection provisioning. Simulation shows that the proposed strategy offers significant improvement of the network blocking performance.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Optics Info Base, Optical Society of America, 2014
    Keywords
    Fiber optics and optical communications; Networks, network optimization
    National Category
    Information Systems Computer Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-115904 (URN)10.1364/ACPC.2014.AF3E.6 (DOI)2-s2.0-84918576254 (Scopus ID)978-1-55752-852-0 (ISBN)
    Conference
    Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, November 11-14, Shanghai, China
    Available from: 2015-03-23 Created: 2015-03-23 Last updated: 2018-01-11Bibliographically approved
    5. Introducing Flexible and Synthetic Optical Networking: Planning and Operation Based on Network Function Programmable ROADMs
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Introducing Flexible and Synthetic Optical Networking: Planning and Operation Based on Network Function Programmable ROADMs
    Show others...
    2014 (English)In: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, ISSN 1943-0620, E-ISSN 1943-0639, Vol. 6, no 7, p. 635-648Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Elastic optical networks are envisaged as promising solutions to fulfill the diverse bandwidth requirements for the emerging heterogeneous network applications. To support flexible allocation of spectrum resources the optical network nodes need to be agile. Among the different proposed solutions for elastic nodes, the one based on architecture of demand (AoD) exhibits considerable flexibility against the other alternatives. The node modules in the case of AoD are not hard-wired, but can be connected/disconnected to any input/output port according to the requirements. Thus, each AoD node and the network (fabricated with AoD nodes) as a whole acts like an optical field-programmable gate array. This flexibility inherent in AoD can be exploited for different purposes, such as for cost-efficient and energy-efficient design of the networks. This study looks into the cost-efficient network planning issue for synthetic networks implemented through AoD nodes. The problem is formalized as an integer linear programming formulation for presenting the optimal solution. Furthermore, a scalable and effective heuristic algorithm is proposed for cost-efficient design, and its performance is compared with the optimal solution. The designed networks with AoD nodes are further investigated for a dynamic scenario, and their blocking probability due to limited switching resources in the nodes is examined. To alleviate the blocking performance for the dynamic case, an efficient synthesis strategy along with a scheme for optimal placement of switching resources within the network nodes is presented. Extensive results show that 1) even at high loads, the network with AoD nodes achieves saving of switching modules up to 40% compared to the one with static reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) through a proper network design, 2) by diminishing the spectrum selective switches the overall power consumption of the network decreases by more than 25% for high loads, and 3) for the dynamic scenario the blocking owing to the node modules constraint is alleviated significantly by slightly augmenting the switching devices and optimally deploying them within the network nodes.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2014
    Keywords
    Architecture on demand; Dynamic traffic; Energy-efficient; Flexible and synthetic optical networks; Network planning; Optical cross-connect; Routing and spectrum allocation
    National Category
    Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109232 (URN)10.1364/JOCN.6.000635 (DOI)000338924800006 ()
    Available from: 2014-08-12 Created: 2014-08-11 Last updated: 2017-12-05Bibliographically approved
    6. Dynamic provisioning utilizing redundant modules in elastic optical networks based on architecture on demand nodes
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dynamic provisioning utilizing redundant modules in elastic optical networks based on architecture on demand nodes
    Show others...
    2014 (English)In: European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC), 2014, IEEE , 2014, p. 1-3Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Survivable synthetic ROADMs are equipped with redundant switching modules to support failure recovery. The paper proposes a dynamic connection provisioning strategy which exploits these idle redundant modules to provision regular traffic resulting in a substantial improvement in the blocking performance.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2014
    Keywords
    optical fibre networks; telecommunication traffic; demand nodes; dynamic connection provisioning strategy; dynamic provisioning; elastic optical networks; failure recovery; redundant switching modules; survivable synthetic ROADM; Availability; Educational institutions; Optical add-drop multiplexers; Optical fiber networks; Optical switches; Ports (Computers)
    National Category
    Information Systems Computer Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-115906 (URN)10.1109/ECOC.2014.6963998 (DOI)2-s2.0-84915818579 (Scopus ID)
    Conference
    European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC), 2014, September 21-25, Cannes, France
    Available from: 2015-03-23 Created: 2015-03-23 Last updated: 2018-01-11Bibliographically approved
    7. Routing, Spectrum and Core Allocation in Flexgrid SDM Networks with Multi-core Fibers
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Routing, Spectrum and Core Allocation in Flexgrid SDM Networks with Multi-core Fibers
    2014 (English)In: 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL NETWORK DESIGN AND MODELING, IEEE , 2014, p. 192-197Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Space division multiplexing (SDM) over multi-core fiber (MCF) is advocated as a promising technology to overcome the capacity limit of the current single-core optical networks. However, employing the MCF for flexgrid networks necessitates the development of new concepts, such as routing, spectrum and core allocation (RSCA) for traffic demands. The introduction of MCF in the networks mitigates the spectrum continuity constraint of the routing and spectrum assignment (RSA) problem. In fact cores can be switched freely on different links during routing of the network traffic. Similarly, the route disjointness for demands with same allocated spectrum diminishes to core disjointness at the link level. On the other hand, some new issues such as the inter-core crosstalk should be taken into account while solving the RSCA problem. This paper formulates the RSCA network planning problem using the integer linear programming (ILP) formulation. The aim is to optimally minimize the maximum number of spectrum slices required on any core of MCF of a flexgrid SDM network. Furthermore, a scalable and effective heuristic is proposed for the same problem and its performance is compared with the optimal solution. The results show that the proposed algorithm is able to well approximate the optimal solution based on ILP model.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2014
    Keywords
    Space division multiplexing (SDM); multi-core fiber (MCF); inter-core crosstalk; network planning; flexgrid networks
    National Category
    Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112320 (URN)000343647500033 ()978-3-901882-60-9 (ISBN)
    Conference
    18th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)
    Available from: 2014-11-24 Created: 2014-11-24 Last updated: 2015-03-23
    8. Flexible and Synthetic SDM Networks with Multi-core-Fibers Implemented by Programmable ROADMs
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Flexible and Synthetic SDM Networks with Multi-core-Fibers Implemented by Programmable ROADMs
    Show others...
    2014 (English)In: Proceedings of European Conference on Optical Communication ECOC2014, Cannes, France, September 21-25 September 2014, IEEE , 2014, p. 1-3Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study looks into network planning issues for synthetic MCF-based SDM networks implemented through programmable ROADMs. The results show that significant savings in switching modules and energy can be attained by exploiting the flexibility inherent in programmable ROADM through a proper network design.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2014
    National Category
    Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Information Systems
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-115907 (URN)10.1109/ECOC.2014.6963910 (DOI)
    Conference
    European Conference on Optical Communication ECOC2014, Cannes, France, September 2014
    Available from: 2015-03-23 Created: 2015-03-23 Last updated: 2018-01-11Bibliographically approved
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  • 8.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cavdar, Cicek
    Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Monti, Paolo
    Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Fair Scheduling of Dynamically Provisioned WDM Connections with Differentiated Signal Quality2012In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM), 2012, IEEE , 2012, p. 1-6Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., Interactive video, ultra-high definition TV, backup storage and grid computing) are gaining momentum and are becoming increasingly important. Given the high bandwidth required by these applications, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are seen as the natural choice for their transport technology. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such services, the ones based on service level agreement (SLA) metrics such as setup delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness showed a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. However, in a scenario where connection requests are grouped in different service classes, the provisioning success rate might be unbalanced towards those connection requests with less stringent requirements, i.e., not all the connection requests are treated in a fair way. This paper addresses the problem of how to guarantee the signal quality and the fair provisioning of different service classes, where each class corresponds to a specified target of quality of transmission (QoT). With this objective in mind three fair scheduling algorithms are proposed in a dynamic traffic scenario, each one combining in a different way the concept of both set-up delay tolerance and connection holding-time awareness. Proposed solutions are specifically taylored to facilitate the provisioning of the most stringent service class so as to balance the success rate among the different classes. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approaches are able to guarantee a fair treatment reaching up to 99% in terms of Jain's fairness index, considering the per-class success ratio, without compromising the improvements in terms of overall network blocking probability.

  • 9.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cavdar, Cicek
    Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Effect of Delay Tolerance in WDM Networks with Differentiated Services2011In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition (OFC/NFOEC), 2011 and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, IEEE , 2011, p. 1-3Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study a dynamic WDM network supporting different service classes (SC) containing applications having similar setup delay tolerance. By utilizing delay tolerance we propose scheduling strategies able to significantly reduce blocking probability of each SC.

  • 10.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Efficient Scheduling Strategies for Dynamic WDM Networks with Set-Up Delay Tolerance2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Emerging, on-demand applications (e.g., ultra-high definition TV, grid computing, e-health, digital cinema, etc.) will dominate the next generation optical networks. Dynamic on-demand provisioning of optical channels is advocated as a promising solution to fulfil the high bandwidth requirements of these applications. Among the various on-line strategies proposed to provision such applications, the ones exploiting the connection holding-time knowledge and the flexibility provided by the set-up delay tolerance exhibited a good potential in improving the overall network blocking performance. Considering the fact that the users are willing to wait for provisioning until their set-up delay tolerance expire, it is not of prime importance to establish connection on the earliest available resources. Rather, effective results in terms of network blocking performance can be achieved by provisioning connections on optimal instead of earliest available resources that exist within the set-up delay tolerance. This paper presents novel connection scheduling strategies that efficiently exploit the set-up delay tolerance and holding-time knowledge for dynamic wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks. The proposed scheme computes the set of all available provisioning opportunities (at different time instants) within set-up delay tolerance and selects the one that is most efficient in terms of network resource utilization. This scheme is investigated for two different scenarios, that are, for connection requests that cannot be provisioned at the time of their arrival due to resource unavailability and for every request irrespective of whether the required resources for set-up are available or not. Simulation results confirm that the proposed strategies attain significant improvement in network blocking probability compared to earlier presented techniques.

  • 11.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks by Rerouting and set-up Delay Tolerance2011In: 17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 2011, IEEE , 2011, p. 195-200Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With the emergence of bandwidth intensive applications new methodologies need to be developed for improvement of network blocking performance, without supplying extra resources in dynamic wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks. Rerouting is one among the viable and cost-effective solutions to reduce the blocking probability (BP) of optical WDM networks. Similarly, set-up delay tolerance, a metric of service level agreement (SLA) has been exploited in [1]-[3] for improvement in network BP. In this paper, we study the rerouting in dynamic WDM network and analyze two different lightpath rerouting strategies. Moreover, we investigate further improvement in network BP by exploiting these rerouting techniques for network provisioned with set-up delay tolerance. Through extensive simulation studies, we confirm that the rerouting strategies decrease the BP substantially for network provisioned with set-up delay tolerance, even for smaller set-up delay tolerance value i.e. when the connection requests are impatient to wait for provisioning in the network. However, it also reduce BP significantly even when the network is not provisioned with set-up delay tolerance.

  • 12.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Reducing Blocking Probability in Dynamic WDM Networks Using Different Schemes2011In: Proceedings 2011 International Conferenceon the Network of the Future, 28-30 November, 2011 Paris, France, IEEE , 2011, p. 97-101Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    strategies. First we analyze a strategy which effectively utilizes two Service Level Agreement (SLA) metrics i.e. holding-time combined with set-up delay tolerance, for connection provisioning. We investigate its performance improvement compared to the scheme proposed in [4] and with the strategy which exploits only the set-up delay tolerance for connection provisioning. Secondly, we evaluate the performance of the various approaches for network blocking reduction over a wide range of network loads. Our aim is to obtain an insight information, that can be useful for selection of an optimal strategy for designing a network, with specific network parameters and performance requirements.

  • 13.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Impairment-Aware Dynamic Provisioning in WDM Networks with set-up Delay Tolerance and Holding-time Awareness2011In: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), 2011, IEEE , 2011, p. 213-218Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study a dynamic WDM network with nonideal components in the physical layer which uses an impairment-aware routing and wavelength (RWA) algorithm for connection provisioning. We investigate the reduction in blocking probability (BP) by utilizing service Level Agreement (SLA) metric i.e. setup delay tolerance during connection provisioning. Furthermore, we explore the improvement in the network performance by efficiently utilizing the knowledge of the connections holding-time, another metric of SLA. Keeping in mind that BP reduction can be obtained by set-up delay tolerance [1] our focus is to investigate how set-up delay tolerance combined with holding-time awareness can improve BP performance caused by physical impairment. Our simulation results confirm that significant improvement can be achieved by holding-time aware connection provisioning compared to the unaware holding-time case. Moreover as expected, set-up delay tolerance can reduce BP even without knowledge of connections holding-time.

  • 14.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Zervas, Georgios
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
    Amaya, Norberto
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
    Simeonidou, Dimitra
    High-Performance Networks Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Introducing Flexible and Synthetic Optical Networking: Planning and Operation Based on Network Function Programmable ROADMs2014In: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, ISSN 1943-0620, E-ISSN 1943-0639, Vol. 6, no 7, p. 635-648Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Elastic optical networks are envisaged as promising solutions to fulfill the diverse bandwidth requirements for the emerging heterogeneous network applications. To support flexible allocation of spectrum resources the optical network nodes need to be agile. Among the different proposed solutions for elastic nodes, the one based on architecture of demand (AoD) exhibits considerable flexibility against the other alternatives. The node modules in the case of AoD are not hard-wired, but can be connected/disconnected to any input/output port according to the requirements. Thus, each AoD node and the network (fabricated with AoD nodes) as a whole acts like an optical field-programmable gate array. This flexibility inherent in AoD can be exploited for different purposes, such as for cost-efficient and energy-efficient design of the networks. This study looks into the cost-efficient network planning issue for synthetic networks implemented through AoD nodes. The problem is formalized as an integer linear programming formulation for presenting the optimal solution. Furthermore, a scalable and effective heuristic algorithm is proposed for cost-efficient design, and its performance is compared with the optimal solution. The designed networks with AoD nodes are further investigated for a dynamic scenario, and their blocking probability due to limited switching resources in the nodes is examined. To alleviate the blocking performance for the dynamic case, an efficient synthesis strategy along with a scheme for optimal placement of switching resources within the network nodes is presented. Extensive results show that 1) even at high loads, the network with AoD nodes achieves saving of switching modules up to 40% compared to the one with static reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) through a proper network design, 2) by diminishing the spectrum selective switches the overall power consumption of the network decreases by more than 25% for high loads, and 3) for the dynamic scenario the blocking owing to the node modules constraint is alleviated significantly by slightly augmenting the switching devices and optimally deploying them within the network nodes.

  • 15.
    Muhammad, Ajmal
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Zervas, Georgios S.
    University of Bristol, England.
    Amaya, Norberto
    University of Bristol, England.
    Simeonidou, Dimitra
    University of Bristol, England.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Cost-Efficient Design of Flexible Optical Networks Implemented by Architecture on Demand2014In: 2014 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC): San Francisco, California United States 9–13 March 2014, IEEE , 2014, p. W2A.17-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Architecture on demand (AoD) node offers considerable flexibility against traditional ROADMs. The paper presents a cost-efficient network planning strategy that exploits the flexibility inherent in AoD. Results show that AoD can save significantly in node modules through a proper network design.

  • 16.
    Muhammad, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Zervas, Georgios
    University of Bristol, England.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Resource Allocation for Space-Division Multiplexing: Optical White Box Versus Optical Black Box Networking2015In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 33, no 23, p. 4928-4941Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Elastic optical networking (EON) with space-division multiplexing (SDM) is the only evident long-term solution to the capacity needs of the future networks. The introduction of space via spatial fibers, such as multicore fibers (MCF) to EON provides an additional dimension as well as challenges to the network planning and resource optimization problem. There are various types of technologies for SDM transmission medium, switching, and amplification; each of them induces different capabilities and constraints on the network. For example, employing MCF as the transmission medium for SDM mitigates the spectrum continuity constraint of the routing and spectrum allocation problem for EON. In fact, cores can be switched freely on different links during routing of the network traffic. On the other hand, intercore crosstalk should be taken into account while solving the resource allocation problem. In the framework of switching for elastic SDM network, the programmable architecture on demand (AoD) node (optical white box) can provide a more scalable solution with respect to the hard-wired reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs) (optical black box). This study looks into the routing, modulation, spectrum, and core allocation (RMSCA) problem for weakly-coupled MCF-based elastic SDM networks implemented through AoDs and static ROADMs. The proposed RMSCA strategies integrate the spectrum resource allocation, switching resource deployment, and physical layer impairment in terms of intercore crosstalk through a multiobjective cost function. The presented strategies perform a cross-layer optimization between the network and physical layers to compute the actual intercore crosstalk for the candidate resource solutions and are specifically tailored to fit the type of optical node deployed in the network. The aim of all these strategies is to jointly optimize the switching and spectrum resource efficiency when provisioning demands with diverse capacity requirements. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that 1) by exploiting the dense intranodal connectivity of the ROADM-based SDM network, resource efficiency and provisioned traffic volume improve significantly related to the AoD-based solution, 2) the intercore crosstalk aware strategies improve substantially the provisioned traffic volume for the AoD-based SDM network, and 3) the switching modules grows very gently for the network designed with AoD nodes related to the one with ROADMs as the traffic increases, qualifying AoD as a scalable and cost-efficient choice for future SDM networks.

1 - 16 of 16
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