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  • 1.
    Busse, Christian
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Gustafsson, D.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Sjodin, B.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Almroth, P.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Simonsson, Kjell
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Criteria evaluation for the transition of cracking modes in a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy2020Ingår i: Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics (Print), ISSN 0167-8442, E-ISSN 1872-7638, Vol. 106, artikel-id 102453Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Single-crystal nickel-base superalloys frequently experience two distinct fatigue crack growth modes. It has been observed that, under certain conditions, cracks transition from a path perpendicular to the loading direction to a crystallographic slip plane. As crystallographic cracking is associated with an increased fatigue crack growth rate, it is important to be able to predict when this transition occurs. In this work three different criteria for crystallographic cracking based on resolved anisotropic stress intensity factors are evaluated in a three-dimensional finite element context. The criteria were calibrated and evaluated using isothermal fatigue experiments on two different specimen geometries. It is suggested by the results, that a threshold value of a resolved shear stress intensity factor can act as a conservative criterion indicating cracking mode transition. Further, a trend hinting towards a loading frequency dependency could be observed.

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  • 2.
    Busse, Christian
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Sjodin, B.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Almroth, P.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, D.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Simonsson, Kjell
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Evaluation of the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate in a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy2019Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 127, s. 259-267Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Cracks in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys have been observed to switch cracking mode from Mode I to crystallographic cracking. The crack propagation rate is usually higher on the crystallographic planes compared to Mode I, which is important to account for in crack growth life predictions. In this paper, a method to evaluate the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate, based on a previously developed crystallographic crack driving force parameter, is presented. The crystallographic crack growth rate was determined by evaluating heat tints on the fracture surfaces of the test specimens from the experiments. Complicated crack geometries including multiple crystallographic crack fronts were modelled in a three dimensional finite element context, The data points of the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate collapse on a narrow scatter band for the crystallographic cracks indicating a correlation with the previously developed crystallographic crack driving force.

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  • 3.
    Busse, Christian
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Sjodin, B.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Almroth, P.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, D.
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Simonsson, Kjell
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Prediction of crystallographic cracking planes in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys2018Ingår i: Engineering Fracture Mechanics, ISSN 0013-7944, E-ISSN 1873-7315, Vol. 196, s. 206-223Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The inherent anisotropy of single-crystal nickel-base superalloys brings many difficulties in terms of modelling, evaluation and prediction of fatigue crack growth. Two models to predict on which crystallographic plane cracking will occur is presented. The models are based on anisotropic stress intensity factors resolved on crystallographic slip planes calculated in a three-dimensional finite-element context. The developed models have been compared to experiments on two different test specimen geometries. The results show that a correct prediction of the crystallographic cracking plane can be achieved. This knowledge is of great interest for the industry and academia to better understand and predict crack growth in single-crystal materials.

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  • 4.
    Busse, Christian
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Wawrzynek, Paul
    Fracture Anal Consultants Inc, NY USA.
    Sjodin, Bjorn
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Crystallographic crack propagation rate in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys2018Ingår i: 12TH INTERNATIONAL FATIGUE CONGRESS (FATIGUE 2018), E D P SCIENCES , 2018, Vol. 165, artikel-id 13012Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Single-crystal nickel-base superalloys are often used in the hot sections of gas turbines due to their good mechanical properties at high temperatures such as enhanced creep resistance. However, the anisotropic material properties of these materials bring many difficulties in terms of modelling and crack growth prediction. Cracks tend to switch cracking mode from Mode I cracking to crystallographic cracking. Crystallographic crack growth is often associated with a decrease in crack propagation life compared to Mode I cracking and this must be taken into account for reliable component lifing. In this paper a method to evaluate the crystallographic crack propagation rate related to a crystallographic crack driving force parameter is presented. The crystallographic crack growth rate is determined by an evaluation of heat tints on the fracture surface of a specimen subjected to fatigue loading. The complicated crack geometry including two crystallographic crack fronts is modelled in a three dimensional finite element context. The crack driving force parameter is determined by calculating anisotropic stress intensity factors along the two crystallographic crack fronts by finite-element simulations and post-processing the data in a fracture mechanics tool that resolves the stress intensity factors on the crystallographic slip planes in the slip directions. The evaluated crack propagation rate shows a good correlation for both considered crystallographic cracks fronts.

  • 5.
    Chen, Zhe
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Zhou, Jinming
    Division of Production and Materials Engineering,Lunds University, Sweden.
    Peng, Ru Lin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    M'Saoubi, R
    Seco Tools AB, Fagersta, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB, Finspång, Sweden.
    Palmert, Frans
    Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB, Finspång.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Plastic Deformation and Residual Stress in High Speed Turning of AD730™ Nickel-based Superalloy with PCBN and WC Tools2018Ingår i: Procedia CIRP 71 (2018) pp 440-445, Elsevier, 2018, Vol. 71, s. 440-445Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A higher gas turbine efficiency can be achieved by increasing the operating temperature in hot sections. AD730™ is a recently-developed wrought/cast nickel-based superalloy which can maintain excellent mechanical properties above 700 ℃. However, machining of AD730™ could be a difficult task like other nickel-based superalloys. Therefore, studies are needed with respect to the machinability of this new alloy.

    In this paper, high-speed turning was performed on AD730™ using polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tools and coated tungsten carbide (WC) tools at varied cutting speeds. The surface integrity was assessed in two important aspects, i.e., surface and sub-surface plastic deformation and residual stresses. The PCBN tools generally showed better performance compared with the WC tools since it led to reduced machining time without largely compromising the surface integrity achieved. The optimal cutting speed was identified in the range of 200-250 m/min when using the PCBN tools, which gives rise to a good combination of machining efficiency and surface integrity. The further increase of the cutting speed to 300 m/min resulted in severe and deep plastic deformation. Meanwhile, a continuous white layer was formed at the machined surface. When turning with the WC tools, the increased cutting speed from 80 m/min to 100 m/min showed very little effect with respect to the plastic deformation on the machined surface. It was found that tensile residual stresses were developed on all machined surfaces no matter when the PCBN or WC tools were used, and the surface tension was generally increased with increasing cutting speed. The tensile layer might need to be modified by e.g., post-machining surface treatments such as shot peening, if taking good fatigue performance into consideration.

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  • 6.
    Loureiro, Jordi
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Almroth, Per
    Siemens Energy, Finspång, Sweden.
    Palmert, Frans
    Siemens Energy, Finspång, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Energy, Finspång, Sweden.
    Simonsson, Kjell
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Eriksson, Robert
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Accounting for crack closure effects in TMF crack growth tests with extended hold times in gas turbine blade alloys2021Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 142Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Crack closure effects are known to have a large impact on crack growth behaviour. In this work, tests were performed on Inconel 792 specimens under TMF loading conditions at 100–850 °C with extended hold times at tensile stress. The effective stress-intensity range was estimated experimentally using a compliance-based method leading to the conclusion that crack closure appears to have a primary impact on the crack growth behaviour for this material under the conditions studied. The crack closure behaviour for the tests was successfully modelled using numerical simulations, including creep.

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  • 7. Beställ onlineKöp publikationen >>
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Crack growth in single crystal gas turbine blade alloys under service-like conditions2022Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta arbete behandlar sprickpropageringsbeteendet hos monokristallina nickelbaserade superlegeringar. Den huvudsakliga industriella tillämpningen för denna materialgrupp är som skovelmaterial i gasturbiner, vilket kräver förmågan att motstå hög mekanisk belastning i kombination med höga temperaturer. För att säkerställa gasturbinskovlarnas hållfasthet är kunskap om sprickpropageringsbeteendet, under driftsliknande förhållanden, av yttersta vikt. Målet med detta arbete är både att förbättra förståelsen för monokristallina nickelbaslegeringars sprickpropageringsbeteende och att förbättra metodiken för sprickpropageringsprovning med termomekanisk utmattningsbelastning. Monokristallina superlegeringar har anisotropa mekaniska egenskaper och en benägenhet till lokalisering av inelastisk deformation längs kristallgittrets tätpackade plan. Under vissa förhållanden sker kristallografisk spricktillväxt längs dessa plan och detta är en komplicerande faktor genom hela kedjan av sprickpropageringssimulering; från materialdatagenerering till komponentberäkningar. Sprickpropageringsprovning har utförts både med konventionella isoterma provningsmetoder och med termomekanisk sprickpropageringsprovning. Kristallografisk sprickpropagering har studerats experimentellt för att klargöra dess beroende av kristallorientering och temperatur. Kvantitativa sprickpropageringsdata presenteras för sprickväxt i Modus I, under isoterm såväl som termomekanisk utmattningsbelastning. Mikrostrukturundersökningar har gjorts för att studera deformationsmekanismerna som styr sprickpropageringsbeteendet. En kompliansbaserad metod för att utvärdera spricköppningskraften vid termomekanisk utmattning har utvecklats, för att möjliggöra en djupgående analys av provdatat. Spricköppningsutvärderingen visade sig ha en nyckelroll för förståelsen av drivkraften för sprickpropagering vid olika provningsförhållanden. Inverkan av hålltid på sprickpropageringsbeteendet analyserades både med avseende på krypspricktillväxt och med avseende på inverkan av krypdeformation på spricköppningskraften. Omslaget från icke-kristallografisk till kristallografisk sprickpropagering studerades i detalj och ett kriterium utvecklades för att möjliggöra tillförlitliga prediktioner av detta omslag under ett brett spann av förhållanden, representativa för gasturbinskovlar.

    Delarbeten
    1. Fatigue crack growth behaviour of an alternative single crystal nickel base superalloy
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Fatigue crack growth behaviour of an alternative single crystal nickel base superalloy
    2018 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 109, s. 166-181Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The fatigue crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied at three different temperatures (20 degrees C, 500 degrees C and 750 degrees C) and three different crystallographic orientations. At the highest testing temperature, the influence of hold time at maximum load was also evaluated. Under some of the testing conditions, crystallographic crack growth occurred along {1 1 1} planes, which were non-perpendicular to the loading direction. The propensity for crystallographic cracking was observed to be strongly temperature dependent with a maximum occurring at the intermediate testing temperature of 500 degrees C. During non-crystallographic, Mode I crack growth the crack tended to avoid the gamma particles and propagated preferentially through the gamma matrix.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2018
    Nyckelord
    Single crystal superalloy; Fatigue; Crack growth; Crystallographic crack growth; Temperature dependence; Orientation dependence; Hold time influence
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Teknisk mekanik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145431 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.12.003 (DOI)000425073100017 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding Agencies|Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB in Finspang, Sweden; Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes [KME-702]

    Tillgänglig från: 2018-04-03 Skapad: 2018-04-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-05-03
    2. Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy
    2019 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 122, s. 184-198Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied. Tests were performed on single edge notched specimens, using in phase and out of phase thermomechanical fatigue cycling with temperature ranges of 100-750°C and 100-850°C and hold times at maximum temperature ranging from 10s to 6h. Isothermal testing at 100°C, 750°C and 850°C was also performed using the same test setup. A compliance-based method is proposed to experimentally evaluate the crack opening stress and thereby estimate the effective stress intensity factor range ΔKeff for both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. For in phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate is increased if a hold time is applied at the maximum temperature. By using the compliance-based crack opening evaluation, this increase in crack growth rate was explained by an increase in the effective stress intensity factor range which accelerated the cycle dependent crack growth. No significant difference in crack growth rate vs ΔKeff was observed between in phase thermomechanical fatigue tests and isothermal tests at the maximum temperature. For out of phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate was insensitive to the maximum temperature and also to the length of hold time at maximum temperature. The crack growth rate vs ΔKeff during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue was significantly higher than during isothermal fatigue at the minimum temperature, even though the advancement of the crack presumably occurs at the same temperature. Dissolution of γ′ precipitates and recrystallization at the crack tip during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue is suggested as a likely explanation for this difference in crack growth rate.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    Elsevier, 2019
    Nyckelord
    single crystal superalloy, thermomechanical fatigue, crack growth, crack closure
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Materialteknik Teknisk mekanik Bearbetnings-, yt- och fogningsteknik Metallurgi och metalliska material Infrastrukturteknik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-154074 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.01.014 (DOI)000462110100017 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding agencies: Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB in Finspang, Sweden; Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes [KME-702]

    Tillgänglig från: 2019-01-28 Skapad: 2019-01-28 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-05-17
    3. Modelling the crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy under TMF loading with long dwell times
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Modelling the crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy under TMF loading with long dwell times
    Visa övriga...
    2021 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 144, artikel-id 106074Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The influence of hold time on the crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy under in phase thermomechanical fatigue is investigated. Two da/dt models were calibrated using creep crack growth tests in the temperature range 750-950 degrees C: one based on K and the other on (C-t)(avg). The models were applied, in combination with a cycle dependent model, to predict da/dN of in-phase thermomechanical fatigue crack growth tests with 1-6 h hold time. The predictions based on K were inaccurate and generally non-conservative, whereas the predictions based on (C-t)(avg) were accurate. da/dt vs (C-t)(avg) followed a single trendline for all temperatures.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021
    Nyckelord
    Single crystal superalloy; Creep; Fatigue; TMF; Dwell; Crack growth
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Teknisk mekanik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173174 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106074 (DOI)000606749300005 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding Agencies|Siemens Energy AB in Finspang, Sweden; Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy ProcessesSwedish Energy Agency [KME-702]

    Tillgänglig från: 2021-02-10 Skapad: 2021-02-10 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-05-03
    4. Modelling of the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth in a single crystal gas turbine blade alloy under service-like loading conditions
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Modelling of the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth in a single crystal gas turbine blade alloy under service-like loading conditions
    Visa övriga...
    2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 163, artikel-id 107077Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    In fatigue life prediction of single crystal gas turbine blades, the risk of rapid crystallographic crack growth along the close-packed planes poses a large uncertainty. A criterion is proposed to predict the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth, which is necessary for reliable prediction of the number of cycles from crack initiation to the onset of crystallographic crack growth. The proposed criterion is calibrated against tests performed under a wide range of conditions representative for a gas turbine blade, including isothermal fatigue crack growth tests and thermomechanical fatigue crack growth tests, some including hold times and pre-test aging.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    Elsevier, 2022
    Nyckelord
    Single crystal superalloy, TMF, Crack growth, Crystallographic crack growth, Aging, Hold time
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Annan materialteknik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-186053 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.107077 (DOI)000818487800002 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding agencies: The work has been supported financially by Siemens Energy AB in Finspång, Sweden and the Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes, Grant No. KME-702.

    Tillgänglig från: 2022-06-17 Skapad: 2022-06-17 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-12-28Bibliografiskt granskad
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  • 8.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Crack growth in single crystal nickel base superalloys under isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue2019Licentiatavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    This work concerns the fatigue crack growth behaviour of nickel base single crystal superalloys. The main industrial application of this class of materials is in gas turbine blades, where the ability to withstand severe mechanical loading in combination with high temperatures is required. In order to ensure the structural integrity of gas turbine blades, knowledge of the fatigue crack growth behaviour under service-like conditions is of utmost importance. The aim of the present work is both to improve the understanding of the crack growth behaviour of single crystal superalloys and also to improve the testing and evaluation methodology for crack propagation under thermomechanical fatigue loading conditions. Single crystal superalloys have anisotropic mechanical properties and are prone to localization of inelastic deformation along the close-packed planes of the crystal lattice. Under some conditions, crystallographic crack growth occurs along these planes and this is a complicating factor throughout the whole chain of crack propagation life simulation; from material data generation to component calculation. Fatigue crack growth testing has been performed, both using conventional isothermal testing methods and also using thermomechanical fatigue crack growth testing. Experimental observations regarding crystallographic crack growth have been made and its dependence on crystal orientation and testing temperature has been investigated. Quantitative crack growth data are however only presented for the case of Mode I crack growth under isothermal as well as thermomechanical fatigue conditions. Microstructural investigations have been undertaken to investigate the deformation mechanisms governing the crack growth behaviour. A compliance based method for the evaluation of crack opening force under thermomechanical fatigue conditions was developed, in order to enable a detailed analysis of the test data. The crack opening force evaluation proved to be of key importance in the understanding of the crack driving force under different testing conditions.

    Delarbeten
    1. Fatigue crack growth behaviour of an alternative single crystal nickel base superalloy
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Fatigue crack growth behaviour of an alternative single crystal nickel base superalloy
    2018 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 109, s. 166-181Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The fatigue crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied at three different temperatures (20 degrees C, 500 degrees C and 750 degrees C) and three different crystallographic orientations. At the highest testing temperature, the influence of hold time at maximum load was also evaluated. Under some of the testing conditions, crystallographic crack growth occurred along {1 1 1} planes, which were non-perpendicular to the loading direction. The propensity for crystallographic cracking was observed to be strongly temperature dependent with a maximum occurring at the intermediate testing temperature of 500 degrees C. During non-crystallographic, Mode I crack growth the crack tended to avoid the gamma particles and propagated preferentially through the gamma matrix.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2018
    Nyckelord
    Single crystal superalloy; Fatigue; Crack growth; Crystallographic crack growth; Temperature dependence; Orientation dependence; Hold time influence
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Teknisk mekanik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145431 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.12.003 (DOI)000425073100017 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding Agencies|Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB in Finspang, Sweden; Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes [KME-702]

    Tillgänglig från: 2018-04-03 Skapad: 2018-04-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-05-03
    2. Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy
    2019 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 122, s. 184-198Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied. Tests were performed on single edge notched specimens, using in phase and out of phase thermomechanical fatigue cycling with temperature ranges of 100-750°C and 100-850°C and hold times at maximum temperature ranging from 10s to 6h. Isothermal testing at 100°C, 750°C and 850°C was also performed using the same test setup. A compliance-based method is proposed to experimentally evaluate the crack opening stress and thereby estimate the effective stress intensity factor range ΔKeff for both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. For in phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate is increased if a hold time is applied at the maximum temperature. By using the compliance-based crack opening evaluation, this increase in crack growth rate was explained by an increase in the effective stress intensity factor range which accelerated the cycle dependent crack growth. No significant difference in crack growth rate vs ΔKeff was observed between in phase thermomechanical fatigue tests and isothermal tests at the maximum temperature. For out of phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate was insensitive to the maximum temperature and also to the length of hold time at maximum temperature. The crack growth rate vs ΔKeff during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue was significantly higher than during isothermal fatigue at the minimum temperature, even though the advancement of the crack presumably occurs at the same temperature. Dissolution of γ′ precipitates and recrystallization at the crack tip during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue is suggested as a likely explanation for this difference in crack growth rate.

    Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
    Elsevier, 2019
    Nyckelord
    single crystal superalloy, thermomechanical fatigue, crack growth, crack closure
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Materialteknik Teknisk mekanik Bearbetnings-, yt- och fogningsteknik Metallurgi och metalliska material Infrastrukturteknik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-154074 (URN)10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.01.014 (DOI)000462110100017 ()
    Anmärkning

    Funding agencies: Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB in Finspang, Sweden; Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes [KME-702]

    Tillgänglig från: 2019-01-28 Skapad: 2019-01-28 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-05-17
    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    Crack growth in single crystal nickel base superalloys under isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue
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    presentationsbild
  • 9.
    Palmert, Frans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Fatigue Crack Growth in a Single Crystal Nickel Base Superalloy2017Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
  • 10.
    Palmert, Frans
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens Energy AB, Sweden.
    Almroth, Per
    Siemens Energy AB, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Energy AB, Sweden.
    Loureiro, Jordi
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Saxena, Ashok
    Univ Arkansas, AR 72701 USA.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Modelling the crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy under TMF loading with long dwell times2021Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 144, artikel-id 106074Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The influence of hold time on the crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy under in phase thermomechanical fatigue is investigated. Two da/dt models were calibrated using creep crack growth tests in the temperature range 750-950 degrees C: one based on K and the other on (C-t)(avg). The models were applied, in combination with a cycle dependent model, to predict da/dN of in-phase thermomechanical fatigue crack growth tests with 1-6 h hold time. The predictions based on K were inaccurate and generally non-conservative, whereas the predictions based on (C-t)(avg) were accurate. da/dt vs (C-t)(avg) followed a single trendline for all temperatures.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 11.
    Palmert, Frans
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
    Almroth, Per
    Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
    Petersson, Henrik
    Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
    Segersäll, Mikael
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Modelling of the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth in a single crystal gas turbine blade alloy under service-like loading conditions2022Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 163, artikel-id 107077Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In fatigue life prediction of single crystal gas turbine blades, the risk of rapid crystallographic crack growth along the close-packed planes poses a large uncertainty. A criterion is proposed to predict the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth, which is necessary for reliable prediction of the number of cycles from crack initiation to the onset of crystallographic crack growth. The proposed criterion is calibrated against tests performed under a wide range of conditions representative for a gas turbine blade, including isothermal fatigue crack growth tests and thermomechanical fatigue crack growth tests, some including hold times and pre-test aging.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 12.
    Palmert, Frans
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens industrial turbomachinery, Sweden.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens industrial turbomachinery, Sweden.
    Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy2019Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 122, s. 184-198Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Thermomechanical fatigue crack growth in a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied. Tests were performed on single edge notched specimens, using in phase and out of phase thermomechanical fatigue cycling with temperature ranges of 100-750°C and 100-850°C and hold times at maximum temperature ranging from 10s to 6h. Isothermal testing at 100°C, 750°C and 850°C was also performed using the same test setup. A compliance-based method is proposed to experimentally evaluate the crack opening stress and thereby estimate the effective stress intensity factor range ΔKeff for both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. For in phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate is increased if a hold time is applied at the maximum temperature. By using the compliance-based crack opening evaluation, this increase in crack growth rate was explained by an increase in the effective stress intensity factor range which accelerated the cycle dependent crack growth. No significant difference in crack growth rate vs ΔKeff was observed between in phase thermomechanical fatigue tests and isothermal tests at the maximum temperature. For out of phase thermomechanical fatigue, the crack growth rate was insensitive to the maximum temperature and also to the length of hold time at maximum temperature. The crack growth rate vs ΔKeff during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue was significantly higher than during isothermal fatigue at the minimum temperature, even though the advancement of the crack presumably occurs at the same temperature. Dissolution of γ′ precipitates and recrystallization at the crack tip during out of phase thermomechanical fatigue is suggested as a likely explanation for this difference in crack growth rate.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Palmert, Frans
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Konstruktionsmaterial. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Busse, Christian
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Fatigue crack growth behaviour of an alternative single crystal nickel base superalloy2018Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 109, s. 166-181Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The fatigue crack growth behaviour of a single crystal nickel base superalloy was studied at three different temperatures (20 degrees C, 500 degrees C and 750 degrees C) and three different crystallographic orientations. At the highest testing temperature, the influence of hold time at maximum load was also evaluated. Under some of the testing conditions, crystallographic crack growth occurred along {1 1 1} planes, which were non-perpendicular to the loading direction. The propensity for crystallographic cracking was observed to be strongly temperature dependent with a maximum occurring at the intermediate testing temperature of 500 degrees C. During non-crystallographic, Mode I crack growth the crack tended to avoid the gamma particles and propagated preferentially through the gamma matrix.

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