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  • 1.
    Ayedh, Hussein M.
    et al.
    University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, N-0316 Oslo, NORWAY .
    Baathen, Marianne E.
    University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, N-0316 Oslo, NORWAY .
    Galeckas, Augustinas
    University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, N-0316 Oslo, NORWAY .
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Nipoti, Roberta
    CNR-IMM of Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, ITALY.
    Hallen, Anders
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology, SE-164 40 Kista-Stockholm, SWEDEN.
    Svensson, Bengt G
    University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, N-0316 Oslo, NORWAY.
    (Invited) Controlling the Carbon Vacancy in 4H-SiC by Thermal Processing2018In: / [ed] Dudley, M; Bakowski, M; Shenai, K; Ohtani, N; Raghothamachar, B, Electrochemical Society, 2018, Vol. 86, no 12, p. 91-97Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The carbon vacancy (VC) is perhaps the most prominent point defect in silicon carbide (SiC) and it is an efficient charge carrier lifetime killer in high-purity epitaxial layers of 4H-SiC. The VC concentration needs to be controlled and minimized for optimum materials and device performance, and an approach based on post-growth thermal processing under C-rich ambient conditions is presented. It utilizes thermodynamic equilibration and after heat treatment at 1500 °C for 1 h, the VC concentration is shown to be reduced by a factor ~25 relative to that in as-grown state-of-the-art epi-layers. Concurrently, a considerable enhancement of the carrier lifetime occurs throughout the whole of >40 µm thick epi-layers.

  • 2.
    Berggren, Magnus
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Fagerström, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Theoretical Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Inganäs, Olle
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Andersson, Mats
    Chalmers Tekniska Högskola.
    Weman, Helge
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Granström, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Stafström, Sven
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Theoretical Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Wennerström, O
    Chalmers Tekniska Högskola.
    Hjertberg, T
    Chalmers Tekniska Högskola.
    Controlling inter-chain and intra-chain excitations of a poly(thiophene) derivative in thin films1999In: Chemical Physics Letters, ISSN 0009-2614, E-ISSN 1873-4448, Vol. 304, no 1-2, p. 84-90Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The decay of photoexcitations in polythiophene chains has been studied in solid solutions of the polymer from room temperature to 4 K. A strong blue shift of the emission spectrum is observed in the polymer blend, as compared to the homopolymer. Dispersion of the polythiophene suppresses the non-radiative processes, which are suggested to be correlated to close contacts of polymer chains. Quantum chemistry modeling of the excited state distributed on two chains corroborate this conclusion.

  • 3.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Booker, Ian Don
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lilja, Louise
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Radial Variation of Measured Carrier Lifetimes in Epitaxial Layers Grown with Wafer Rotation2012In: Materials Science Forum Vols 717 - 720, Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2012, Vol. 717-720, p. 289-292Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this report we present homoepitaxial growth of 4H-SiC on the Si-face of nominally on-axis substrates with diameter up to 100 mm in a hot-wall chemical vapor deposition reactor. A comparatively low carrier lifetime has been observed in these layers. Also, local variations in carrier lifetime are different from standard off-cut epilayers. The properties of layers were studied with more focus on charge carrier lifetime and its correlation with starting growth conditions, inhomogeneous surface morphology and different growth mechanisms.

  • 4.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ellison, A.
    Henry, Anne
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Storasta, Liutauras
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    The role of defects on optical and electrical properties of SiC2000Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work we describe some of the defects in SiC observable using different optical characterisation techniques. This includes photoluminescence measurements to determine the presence of different defects. We also show that optical techniques can be developed for mapping characterisation, which are useful both for routine measurements and for determine spatial variations and presence of defects over larger areas. One such example is the lifetime mappings on epitaxial layers on entire wafers, which has shown the importance of structural defects replicated into the epitaxial layer. Optical measurements have also been correlated to structural measurements from X-ray topography to demonstrate the importance of the structural defects

  • 5.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Dalfors, J.
    Sernelius, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Theoretical Physics.
    Holtz, Per-Olof
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Amano, H.
    Akasaki, I.
    Radiative recombination in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well2000In: ICSCRM 99,1999, 2000, p. 1571-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Kamiyama, S
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Meijo Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Elect, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan Meijo Univ, Elect & High Tech Res Ctr, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan.
    Iwaya, M
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Meijo Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Elect, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan Meijo Univ, Elect & High Tech Res Ctr, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan.
    Amano, H
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Meijo Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Elect, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan Meijo Univ, Elect & High Tech Res Ctr, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan.
    Akasaki, I
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Meijo Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Elect, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan Meijo Univ, Elect & High Tech Res Ctr, Tempaku Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468, Japan.
    Photoluminescence and electroluminescence characterization of InxGa1-x/InyGa1-yN multiple quantum well light emitting diodes2002In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 389-393, 2002, Vol. 389-3, p. 1493-1496Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on a study of radiative recombination in In0.11Ga0.89N/In.0.01Ga0.99N multiple quantum wells (MQWs). The QWs were nominally undoped, while the InGaN barriers were Si doped. The MQW part is situated in the depletion field of a pn-junction structure with electrical contacts, so that both photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) can be studied as a function of bias. The PL and EL spectra are distinctly different, in particular at low temperatures. The spectral properties and related differences in PL decay times reflect different recombination conditions in the MQW region for the individual QWs.

  • 7.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Storasta, Liutauras
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Carlsson, Fredrik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Sridhara, S.
    Magnusson, Björn
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Defects in 4H silicon carbide2001In: Physica B, Vols. 308-310, 2001, Vol. 308-310, p. 675-679Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present experimental results related to several different intrinsic defects that in different ways influence the material properties and are therefore technologically important defects. This includes the so-called D1 defect which is created after irradiation and which is temperature stable. From the optical measurements we were able to identify the D1 bound exciton as an isoelectronic defect bound at a hole attractive pseudo-donor, and we have been able to correlate this to the electrically observed hole trap HS1 seen in minority carrier transient spectroscopy (MCTS). Finally, we describe the formation and properties of a critical, generated defect in high power SiC bipolar devices. It is identified as a stacking fault in the SiC basal plane. It can be seen as a local reduction of the carrier lifetime, in triangular or rectangular shape, which explains the enhanced forward voltage drop in the diodes. The entire stacking faults are also optically active as can be seen as dark triangles and rectangles in low temperature cathodo-luminescence, and the fault and their bounding partial dislocations are seen and identified using synchrotron topography. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 8.
    Bergman, Peder
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Henry, Anne
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Godignon, P.
    Brosselard, P.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Improved SiC Epitaxial Material for Bipolar Applications2008In: Proc. of MRS Spring Meeting 2008, 2008, p. D05-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Epitaxial growth on Si-face nominally on-axis 4H-SiC substrates has been performed using horizontal Hot-wall chemical vapor deposition system. The formation of 3C inclusions is one of the main problem with growth on on-axis Si-face substrates. In situ surface preparation, starting growth parameters and growth temperature are found to play a vital role in the epilayer polytype stability. High quality epilayers with 100% 4H-SiC were obtained on full 2″ substrates. Different optical and structural techniques were used to characterize the material and to understand the growth mechanisms. It was found that the replication of the basal plane dislocation from the substrate into the epilayer can be eliminated through growth on on-axis substrates. Also, no other kind of structural defects were found in the grown epilayers. These layers have also been processed for simple PiN structures to observe any bipolar degradation. More than 70% of the diodes showed no forward voltage drift during 30 min operation at 100 A/cm2.

  • 9.
    Booker, Ian Don
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Abdalla, Hassan
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Complex Materials and Devices. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lilja, L.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Sveinbjörnsson, Einar
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Oxidation induced ON1, ON2a/b defects in 4H-SiC characterized by DLTS2014In: SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2013, PTS 1 AND 2, Trans Tech Publications , 2014, Vol. 778-780, p. 281-284Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The deep levels ON1 and ON2a/b introduced by oxidation into 4H-SiC are characterized via standard DLTS and via filling pulse dependent DLTS measurements. Separation of the closely spaced ON2a/b defect is achieved by using a higher resolution correlation function (Gaver-Stehfest 4) and apparent energy level, apparent electron capture cross section and filling pulse measurement derived capture cross sections are given.

  • 10.
    Booker, Ian Don
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hallén,, Anders
    Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Sveinbjörnsson, Einar Ö.
    University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
    Kordina, Olle
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Comparison of Post-Growth Carrier Lifetime Improvement Methods for 4H-SiC Epilayers2012In: Materials Science Forum Vols 717 - 720, Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2012, Vol. 717-720, p. 285-288Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We compare two methods for post-growth improvement of bulk carrier lifetime in 4H-SiC: dry oxidations and implantations with either C-12 or N-14, followed by high temperature anneals in Ar atmosphere. Application of these techniques to samples cut from the same wafer/epilayer yields 2- to 11-fold lifetime increases, with the implantation/annealing technive shown to give greater rnaximum lifetimes. The maximum lifetimes reached are similar to 5 mu s after C-12 implantation at 600 degrees C and annealing in Ar for 180 minutes at 1500 degrees C. At higher annealing temperatures the lifetimes decreases, a result which differs from reports in the literature.

  • 11.
    Booker, Ian Don
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    High-Resolution Time-Resolved Carrier Lifetime and Photoluminescence Mapping of 4H-SiC Epilayers2012In: Materials Science Forum Vols 717 - 720, Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2012, Vol. 717-720, p. 293-296Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a comparison between time-resolved carrier lifetime mappings of several samples and integrated near band edge intensity photoluminescence mappings using a pulsed laser. High-injection conditions and as-grown material are used, which generally allow for the assumption of a single exponential decay. The photoluminescence intensity under these circumstances is proportional to the carrier lifetime and the mappings can be used to detect lifetime-influencing defects in epilayers and give an estimate of the carrier lifetime variation over the wafer. Several examples for the defect detection capability of the system are given.

  • 12.
    Booker, Ian Don
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ul Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lilja, Louise
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Beyer, Franziska
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Karhu, Robin
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, J. Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Danielsson, Örjan
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Kordina, Olof
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Sveinbjörnsson, Einar
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Carrier Lifetime Controlling Defects Z(1/2) and RB1 in Standard and Chlorinated Chemistry Grown 4H-SiC2014In: Crystal Growth & Design, ISSN 1528-7483, E-ISSN 1528-7505, Vol. 14, no 8, p. 4104-4110Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    4H-SiC epilayers grown by standard and chlorinated chemistry were analyzed for their minority carrier lifetime and deep level recombination centers using time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and standard deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Next to the well-known Z(1/2) deep level a second effective lifetime killer, RB1 (activation energy 1.05 eV, electron capture cross section 2 x 10(-16) cm(2), suggested hole capture cross section (5 +/- 2) x 10(-15) cm(2)), is detected in chloride chemistry grown epilayers. Junction-DLTS and bulk recombination simulations are used to confirm the lifetime killing properties of this level. The measured RB1 concentration appears to be a function of the iron-related Fe1 level concentration, which is unintentionally introduced via the corrosion of reactor steel parts by the chlorinated chemistry. Reactor design and the growth zone temperature profile are thought to enable the formation of RB1 in the presence of iron contamination under conditions otherwise optimal for growth of material with very low Z(1/2) concentrations. The RB1 defect is either an intrinsic defect similar to RD1/2 or EH5 or a complex involving iron. Control of these corrosion issues allows the growth of material at a high growth rate and with high minority carrier lifetime based on Z(1/2) as the only bulk recombination center.

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  • 13.
    Brosselard, P
    et al.
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Berthou, M
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Jorda, X
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Montserrat, J
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Godignon, P
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Millan, J
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Comparison between 3.3kV 4H-SiC schottky and bipolar diodes2008In: IET Seminar Digest, Volume 2008, Issue 2, 2008, 2008, p. 87-91Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Silicon Carbide Schottky and bipolar diodes have been fabricated with a breakdown voltage of 3.3kV. Diodes have been packaged and measured up to 300°C. The Schottky diode shows an increase of voltage drop with temperature and a reverse recovery charge independent from temperature. The PiN diode reverse recovery charge is ×20 at 300°C compared to that of the Schottky diode. 55% of the stressed bipolar diodes at 20A show a very small forward voltage drift. Theswitching losses of these stressed diodes are reduced by 20%. Substrate quality enhancement makes large SiC component fabrication possible (25mm 2 Schottky diodes) and bipolar components show very small tension drift with temperature.

  • 14. Brosselard, P.
    et al.
    Camara, N.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Jordà, X.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Montserrat, J.
    Millán, J.
    3.3 kV-10A 4H-SiC PiN diodes2009In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 600-603, Trans Tech Publ. , 2009, p. 991-994Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An innovative process has been developed by Linköping University to prepare the 4HSiC substrate surface before epitaxial growth. The processed PiN diodes have been characterized in forward and reverse mode at different temperature. The larger diodes (2.56 mm2) have a very low leakage current around 20 nA @ 500V for temperatures up to 300°C. A performant yield (68%) was obtained on these larger diodes have a breakdown voltage superior to 500V. Electroluminescence characteristics have been done on these devices and they show that there is no generation of Stacking Faults during the bipolar conduction.

  • 15.
    Brosselard, P
    et al.
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Jorda, X
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Vellvehi, M
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Godignon, P
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Millan, J
    Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica, CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lambert, B
    ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk ZH, Netherlands .
    High temperature behaviour of 3.5 kV 4H-SiC JBS diodes2007In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and ICs, 2007, p. 285-288Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    4H-SiC JBS diodes have been manufactured on a Norstel epitaxied N/N + substrate using a JTE as edge termination. A breakdown voltage higherthan 3.5 kV has been measured on 0.16 and 2.56 mm 2 diodes. The leakage current in the 25°C-300°C temperature range depends on the bipolar/Schottky ratio whereas in forward mode its impact is minor. Diodes have been stressed in DC mode to show that the 2.56 mm 2 diodes have a slight forward voltage degradation independently of the layout. In switching mode, the recovery charge is only 20 nC for a 4A current switched at 300°C.

  • 16.
    Brosselard, P
    et al.
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Perez-Tomas, A
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Camara, N
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Jorda, X
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Vellvehi, M
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Godignon, P
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Millan, J
    Centre Nacl Microelect IMB CNM CSIC.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Low loss, large area 4.5 kV 4H-SiC PIN diodes with reduced forward voltage drift2009In: SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ISSN 0268-1242, Vol. 24, no 9, p. 095004-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    4H-SiC PIN diodes have been fabricated on a Norstel P+/N/N+ substrate with a combination of Mesa and JTE as edge termination. A breakdown voltage of 4.5 kV has been measured at 1 mu A for devices with an active area of 2.6 mm(2). The differential on-resistance at 15 A (600 A cm(-2)) was of only 1.7 m Omega cm(2) (25 degrees C) and 1.9 m Omega cm(2) at 300 degrees C. The reduced recovery charge was of 300 nC for a switched current of 15 A (500 V) at 300 degrees C. 20% of the diodes showed no degradation at all after 60 h of dc stress (25-225 degrees C). Other 30% of the diodes exhibit a reduced voltage shift below 1 V. For those diodes, the leakage current remains unaffected after the dc stress. Electroluminescence investigations reveal a very low density of stacking faults after the dc stress. The manufacturing yield evidences the efficiency of the substrate surface preparation and our technological process.

  • 17. Brosselard, P.
    et al.
    Tomas, A.P.
    Camara, N.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Jorda, X.
    Vellvehi, M.
    Godignon, P.
    Millan, J.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    The effect of the temperature on the bipolar degradation of 3.3 kV 4H-SiC PiN diodes2008In: 20th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices ICs,2008, Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices & ICs: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ) , 2008, p. 237-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 18.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Izadifard, Morteza
    Physics Department, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran .
    Hong, Y.G.
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
    Tu, C.W.
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
    Role of nitrogen in photoluminescence up-conversion in GaInNP/GaAs heterostructures2007In: AIP Conference Proceedings / Volume 893 / [ed] Wolfgang Jantsch, Friedrich Schaffler, American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2007, p. 381-382Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Alloying of disordered GaInP with nitrogen is shown to lead to very efficient PLU in GaInNP/GaAs heterostructures grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy (GS‐MBE). This is attributed to the N‐induced changes in the band alignment at the GaInNP/GaAs heterointerface from the type I for the N‐free structure to the type II in the samples with N compositions exceeding 0.5%. Based on the performed excitation power dependent measurements, a possible mechanism for the energy upconversion is suggested as being due to the two‐step two‐photon absorption. The photon recycling effect is shown to be important for the structures with N=1%, from time‐resolved PL measurements. © 2007 American Institute of Physics

  • 19.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Thaler, G.
    Frazier, R.
    Abernathy, C. R.
    Pearton, S. J.
    Kim, J.
    Ren, F.
    Kyrychenko, F. V.
    Stanton, C. J.
    Pan, C.-C.
    Chen, G.-T.
    Chyi, J.-I.
    Zavada, J. M.
    Optical study of spin injection dynamics in InGaN/GaN quantum wells with GaMnN injection layers2004In: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, ISSN 1071-1023, E-ISSN 1520-8567, Vol. 22, no 6, p. 2668-2672Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     The spin injection dynamics of GaMnN/InGaN multiquantum well (MQW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy were examined using picosecond-transient and circularly polarized photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Even with the presence of a room temperature ferromagnetic GaMnN spin injector, the LEDs are shown to exhibit very low efficiency of spin injection. Based on resonant optical orientation spectroscopy, the spin loss in the structures is shown to be largely due to fast spin relaxation within the InGaN MQW, which itself destroys any spin polarization generated by optical spin orientation or electrical spin injection. Typical photoluminescence decay times were 20-40 ns in both commercial GaN MQW LEDs with emission wavelengths between 420-470 nm and in the GaMnN/InGaN multi-quantum well MQW LEDs. In the wurtzite InGaN/GaN system, biaxial strain at the interfaces give rise to large piezoelectric fields directed along the growth axis. This built-in piezofield breaks the reflection symmetry of confining potential leading to the presence of a large Rashba term in the conduction band Hamiltonian which is responsible for the short spin relaxation times.

  • 20.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Rawal, S.
    Norton, D.P.
    Pearton, S.J.
    Osinsky, A.
    Dong, J.W.
    Mechanism for radiative recombination in ZnCdO alloys2007In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 90, no 26Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Temperature dependent cw- and time-resolved photoluminescence combined with absorption measurements are employed to evaluate the origin of radiative recombination in ZnCdO alloys grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. The near-band-edge emission is attributed to recombination of excitons localized within band tail states likely caused by nonuniformity in Cd distribution. Energy transfer between the tail states is argued to occur via tunneling of localized excitons. The transfer is shown to be facilitated by increasing Cd content due to a reduction of the exciton binding energy and, therefore, an increase of the exciton Bohr radius in the alloys with a high Cd content. © 2007 American Institute of Physics.

  • 21.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Rawal, S.
    Norton, D.P.
    Pearton, S.J.
    Osinsky, A.
    Dong, J.W.
    Origin of near-band-edge emission in ZnCdO alloys2007In: 2007 MRS Fall Meeting,2007, 2007, p. 319-Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Xin, H. P.
    Tu, C. W.
    Mechanism for low-temperature photoluminescence in GaNAs/GaAs structures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy1999In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 75, no 4, p. 501-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     The mechanism for low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) emissions in GaNAs epilayers and GaAs/GaNxAs1 - x quantum well (QW) structures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy is studied in detail, employing PL, PL excitation, and time-resolved PL spectroscopies. It is shown that even though quantum confinement causes a strong blueshift of the GaNAs PL emission, its major characteristic properties are identical in both QW structures and epilayers. Based on the analysis of the PL line shape, its dependence on the excitation power and measurement temperature, as well as transient data, the PL emission is concluded to be caused by a recombination of excitons trapped by potential fluctuations in GaNAs.

  • 23.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Xin, H. P.
    Tu, C. W.
    Time-resolved studies of photoluminescence in GaNxP1-x alloys: Evidence for indirect-direct band gap crossover2002In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 81, no 1, p. 52-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     Time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy is employed to monitor the effect of N incorporation on the band structure of GaNP alloys. Abrupt shortening in radiative lifetime of near-band gap emissions, arising from excitonic radiative recombination within N-related centers, is found to occur at very low N compositions of around 0.5%, i.e., within the same range as the appearance of the direct-band gap-like transitions in the photomodulated transmission spectra of GaNP reported previously. The effect has been attributed to an enhancement in oscillator strength of optical transitions due to band crossover from indirect to direct-band gap of the alloy.

  • 24.
    Buyanova, Irina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Hai, P. N.
    Thinh, N. Q.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Xin, H. P.
    Tu, C. W.
    Mechanism for rapid thermal annealing improvements in undoped GaNxAs1-x/GaAs structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy2000In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 77, no 15, p. 2325-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     A systematic investigation of the effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on optical properties of undoped GaNAs/GaAs structures is reported. Two effects are suggested to account for the observed dramatic improvement in the quality of the GaNxAs1-x/GaAs quantum structures after RTA: (i) improved composition uniformity of the GaNxAs1-x alloy, deduced from the photoluminescence (PL), PL excitation and time-resolved measurements; and (ii) significant reduction in the concentration of competing nonradiative defects, revealed by the optically detected magnetic resonance studies.

  • 25. Carlsson, F.H.C.
    et al.
    Wahab, Qamar Ul
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Electroluminescence from 4H-SiC Schottky Diodes2001In: Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Vol. 640, 2001, p. H4.8-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Carlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Storasta, Liutauras
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Trapped carrier electroluminescence (TraCE) - A novel method for correlating electrical and optical measurements2001In: Physica B, Vols. 308-310, 2001, Vol. 308-310, p. 1165-1168Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SiC is a semiconductor with very good material properties for high power, high frequency and high temperature applications. During device fabrication irradiation with particles is often used, e.g., ion-implantation, which creates intrinsic defects. The most persistent defect in SiC is DI that appears after irradiation and subsequent high temperature annealing. A direct method called Trapped Carrier Electroluminescence (TraCE) for correlating minority carrier traps with luminescence measurements is presented. A semi-transparent Schottky diode under reverse bias is illuminated with a laser pulse of above band gap light to create minority carriers that are captured to traps in the space charge region. Majority carriers are introduced when the reverse bias is removed and the space charge region is reduced. The majority carriers recombine with the trapped minority carriers and the emitted light from the recombination is detected. TraCE has been used to study and correlate the DI bound exciton luminescence from intrinsic defects in SiC with an electrically observed hole trap HS1. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 27.
    Carlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Storasta, Liutauras
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Hemmingsson, Carl
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Electroluminescence from implanted and epitaxially grown pn-diodes2000In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 338-343, Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2000, Vol. 338-3, p. 687-690Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The electroluminescence from pn-diodes with (1) aluminum doped epitaxially grown, (2) aluminum implanted or (3) aluminum and boron implanted p-layer have been investigated. The temperature dependence for both the spectra and the decays of the major spectral components have been investigated at temperatures from 80 K to 550 K. The implanted diodes show implantation damage in the form of the D-1 center and lack of emission from the aluminum center. The epitaxial diodes show luminescence from the aluminum center. The band edge luminescence is visible above 150 K for the epitaxial diode and above 300 K for the implanted. The emission from deep boron can be seen in the aluminum and boron co-implanted diode and in the epitaxially grown diode that have an unintentional boron doping below 10(17) cm(-3).

  • 28.
    Carlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Storasta, Liutauras
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Magnusson, Björn
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Skold, K
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Uppsala Univ, Inst Neutron Res, SE-61182 Nykoping, Sweden.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Neutron irradiation of 4H SiC2001In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 353-356, 2001, Vol. 353-3, p. 555-558Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of neutron irradiation on 4H SiC epitaxial layers are studied. Several different doses of both fast and thermal neutrons have been used and the samples have been annealed from 500 degreesC to 2000 degreesC. The defect concentration dependence on the fast neutron flux and on the annealing temperature is investigated. At temperatures from 900 degreesC to 1300 degreesC new lines between 3960 Angstrom and 4270 Angstrom appear. They are similar in behavior to the E-A and D1 spectra and are assumed to be related to excitons bound to isoelectronic centers. After annealing at 2000 degreesC another new line appears at 3809 Angstrom. The similarity of this line with phosphorus in 6H makes us tentatively ascribe it to phosphorus.

  • 29.
    Choubina, Tatiana
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Glasov, M.M.
    Toropov, A.A.
    Ivchenko, E.L.
    Usui, A.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Light diffusion in GaN epilayers2007In: 3rd International Conference on Spontaneous Coherence in Excitonic System,2007, 2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Choubina, Tatiana
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Glazov, M.M.
    Toropov, A.A.
    Gippius, N.A.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Usui, A.
    Vasson, A.
    Leymarie, J.
    Ivanov, Ivan Gueorguiev
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Kopev, P.S.
    Slow light in GaN2008In: 16th Int. Symp. ¿Nanostructures: Physics and Technology,2008, 2008, p. 257-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Choubina, Tatiana
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Glazov, M.M.
    Toropov, A.A.
    Gippius, N.A.
    Vasson, A.
    Leymarie, J.
    Kavokin, A.
    Usui, A.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    The slow light in GaN2008In: ICPS2008,2008, 2008, p. 647-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Choubina, Tatiana
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Glazov, M.M.
    Toropov, A.A.
    Ivanov, Ivan Gueorguiev
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Gippius, N.A.
    Vasson, A.
    Leymaire, J.
    Kavokin, A.
    Usui, A.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Realization of slow light in GaN crystals2008In: IWN 2008,2008, 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 33.
    Domeij, M
    et al.
    KTH, Dept Elect, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden ABb Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden Linkoping Univ, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Breitholtz, B
    KTH, Dept Elect, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden ABb Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden Linkoping Univ, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Aberg, D
    KTH, Dept Elect, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden ABb Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden Linkoping Univ, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Martinez, A
    KTH, Dept Elect, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden ABb Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden Linkoping Univ, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Dynamic avalanche and trapped charge in 4H-SiC diodes2000In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 338-342, 2000, Vol. 338-3, p. 1327-1330Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A dynamically reduced breakdown voltage from more than 2 kV under static conditions to 300 V during reverse recovery was measured for 4H-SiC p(+)nn(+) diodes. Device simulation indicates that deep hole-trapping donors in the n-base, close the pn junction, could explain the dynamically reduced breakdown voltage. Hole traps situated 0.66 eV above the valence band were found in the diode n-base by DLTS measurements.

  • 34.
    Egilsson, T
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden ABB Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden.
    Ivanov, Ivan Gueorguiev
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Son, Nguyen Tien
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Henry, Anne
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Exciton and defect photoluminescence from SiC2003In: Silicon carbide and related materials 2002: ECSCRM 2002 proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, September 2-5, 2002, Linköping, Sweden / [ed] Zhe Chuan Feng, Jian H. Zhao, 2003, p. 81-120Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Wide-bandgap semiconductors such as SiC, III-V nitrides and related compounds are attracting rapidly increasing attention due to their other, very interesting, physical properties which are often superior in many ways to those of conventional semiconductors. Steady improvements in crystal quality, and improved knowledge concerning their physical properties, are leading to rapid developments in high-power, high-temperature, high-frequency electronics and blue-light emitters. This book comprises the proceedings of the fourth European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, held on the 1 to 5 September 2002 in Link3œping, Sweden. This conference series continued its tradition of being the main forum for presenting results, and discussing progress, among university and industry researchers who are active in the fields of SiC and related materials. These proceedings therefore document the latest experimental and theoretical understanding of the growth of bulk and epitaxial layers, the properties of the resultant material, the development of suitable processes and of electronic devices that can exploit and benefit best from the outstanding physical properties offered by wide-bandgap materials

  • 35.
    Ejebjörk, Niclas
    et al.
    Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Zirath, Herbert
    Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Magnusson, Björn
    Norstel AB, SE-60238, Sweden.
    Rorsman, Niklas
    Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Optimization of SiC MESFET for High Power and High Frequency Applications2011In: Materials Science Forum (Volumes 679 - 680), Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2011, p. 629-632Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SiC MESFETs were scaled both laterally and vertically to optimize high frequency and high power performance. Two types of epi-stacks of SiC MESFETs were fabricated and measured. The first type has a doping of 3×1017 cm-3 in the channel and the second type has higher doping (5×1017 cm-3) in the channel. The higher doping allows the channel to be thinner for the same current density and therefore a reduction of the aspect ratio is possible. This could impede short channel effects. For the material with higher channel doping the maximum transconductance is 58 mS/mm. The maximum current gain frequency, fT, and maximum frequency of oscillation, fmax, is 9.8 GHz and 23.9 GHz, and 12.4 GHz and 28.2 GHz for the MESFET with lower doped channel and higher doping, respectively.

  • 36. Ellison, A
    et al.
    Magnusson, Björn
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Sundqvist, B
    Pozina, Galia
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Vehanen, A
    SiC crystal growth by HTCVD2004In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 457-460, 2004, Vol. 457-460, p. 9-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Advances in the development of the HTCVD technique for growth of bulk 2-inch diameter 4H SiC crystals are reviewed with demonstration of micropipe density down to 0.3 cm(-2), low crystal bending and X-ray rocking curve widths of 12". High Al doping in p-type substrates enables resistivities down to 0.5 Omega cm without increased micropipe density, while too high N doping causes spontaneous stacking faults formation in annealed n-type substrates. High purity semi-insulating wafers, grown under conditions reducing the incorporation of Si-vacancies, exhibit lower density of vacancy clusters and better properties for microwave device applications.

  • 37.
    Ellison, A
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, IFM, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Linkoping Univ, Okmetic AB, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden ABB Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden.
    Zhang, J
    Magnusson, W
    Linkoping Univ, IFM, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden Linkoping Univ, Okmetic AB, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden ABB Corp Res, SE-72178 Vasteras, Sweden.
    Henry, Anne
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Wahab, Qamar Ul
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hemmingsson, Carl
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Nguyen, Tien Son
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Fast SiC epitaxial growth in a chimney CVD reactor and HTCVD crystal growth developments2000In: Materials science Forum, Vols. 338-342, Trans Tech Publications Inc., 2000, Vol. 338-3, p. 131-136Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The epitaxial growth of SiC is investigated in a CVD process based on a vertical hot-wall, or "chimney", reactor geometry. Carried out at increased temperatures (1650 to 1850 degreesC) and concentrations of reactants, the growth process enables epitaxial rates ranging from 10 to 50 mum/h. The growth rate is shown to be influenced by two competing processes: the supply of growth species in the presence of homogeneous gas-phase nucleation, and, the etching effect of the hydrogen carrier gas. The quality of thick (20 to 100 mum) low-doped 4H-SiC epitaxial layers grown at rates ranging between 10 and 25 mum/h are discussed in terms of thickness uniformity, surface morphology and purity. The feasibility of high voltage Schottky rectifiers (V-BR from 2 to similar to3.8 kV) on as-grown chimney CVD epilayers is reported. In a second part, recent developments of the High Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition (HTCVD) technique for SiC crystal growth are described. Using pure gases (SiH4 and C2H4) as source material and growth temperatures of 2100-2300 degreesC, this technique enables at present growth rates ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 mm/h. 6H and 4H-SiC crystals of thickness up to 7 mm and diameters up to 40 mm have been grown. We report micropipe densities of similar to 80 cm(-2) over areas of 0.5 cm(2) in 35 mm diameter 4H-SiC wafers sliced from HTCVD grown crystals. Undoped wafer demonstrators exhibit semi-insulating behavior with a bulk resistivity higher than 7.10(9) Omega cm at room temperature.

  • 38.
    Eriksson, Martin. O.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hsu, Chih-Wei
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Lundskog, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Karlsson, K. Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Thin Film Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holtz, Per-Olof
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    The Dynamics of Charged and Neutral Excitons in an InGaN Quantum Dot on a GaN PyramidManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The neutral (X0) and negatively charged excitons (X-) in an InGaN QD on a GaN pyramid is studied by the timeintegrated micro-photoluminescence (μPL) and time-resolved micro-photoluminescence (TRμPL) microcopies. Both X0 and X- exhibit mono-exponential decay curves with fitted lifetimes of 310 and 140 ps, respectively. Neither energy shifts nor changes in the life times X0 and X- with increasing excitation power were observed, indicating the QD is small and free from the quantum confine Stark effect. The TRμPL is not only a powerful technique for studying the dynamics of exciton in QDXs, but also for the identification of exciton complexes in QDs.

  • 39. Esmaeili, M.
    et al.
    Harati Zadeh, Hamid
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Paskov, Plamen
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Holtz, Per-Olof
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Iwaya, M.
    Kamiyama, S.
    Amano, H.
    Akasaki, I
    Photoluminescence study of MOCVD-grown GaN/AlGaN MQW nanostructures: Influence of Al composition and Si doping2007In: Nanotechnology, ISSN 0957-4484, E-ISSN 1361-6528, Vol. 18, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A detailed study of low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) in GaN/AlGaN multiple quantum well (MQW) nanostructures has been reported. We have investigated the effect of Si doping and Al content on PL spectra and PL decay time of these structures. The temperature dependence of radiative as well as non-radiative lifetimes have been evaluated between 2K and room temperature for different Si doping. We found that radiative recombination at higher temperatures even up to RT is stronger in the doped sample, compared to the undoped one. Hole localization in GaN/AlGaN MQWs with different compositions of Al is demonstrated via PL transient decay times and LO phonon coupling. It is found that there is an increasing of the decay time at the PL peak emission with increasing Al composition. For the undoped sample, a non-exponential PL decay behaviour at 2K is attributed to localized exciton recombination. A slight upshift in QWs PL peak with increasing Al composition is observed, which is counteracted by the expected rise of the internal QW electric field with increasing Al. The localization energies have been evaluated by studying the variation of the QW emission versus temperature and we found out that the localization energy increases with increasing Al composition. © IOP Publishing Ltd.

  • 40.
    Fagerlind, Martin
    et al.
    Chalmers, Sweden .
    Booker, Ian Don
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Janzén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Zirath, Herbert
    Chalmers, Sweden .
    Rorsman, Niklas
    Chalmers, Sweden .
    Influence of Large-Aspect-Ratio Surface Roughness on Electrical Characteristics of AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs2012In: IEEE transactions on device and materials reliability, ISSN 1530-4388, E-ISSN 1558-2574, Vol. 12, no 3, p. 538-546Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of large-aspect-ratio surface roughness of AlGaN/GaN wafers is investigated. The roughness has a surface morphology consisting of hexagonal peaks with maximum peak-to-valley height of more than 100 nm and lateral peak-to-peak distance between 25 and 100 mu m. Two epitaxial wafers grown at the same time on SiC substrates having different surface orientation and with a resulting difference in AlGaN surface roughness are investigated. Almost no difference is seen in the electrical characteristics of the materials, and the electrical uniformity of the rough material is comparable to that of the smoother material. The reliability of heterostructure field-effect transistors from both materials have been tested by stressing devices for up to 100 h without any significant degradation. No critical effect, from the surface roughness, on device fabrication is experienced, with the exception that the roughness will directly interfere with step-height measurements.

  • 41.
    Ghezellou, Misagh
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Kumar, Piyush
    Advanced Power Semiconductor Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
    Bathen, Marianne E.
    Advanced Power Semiconductor Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
    Karsthof, Robert
    Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
    Sveinbjörnsson, Einar
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Science Institute, University of Iceland, IS-107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
    Grossner, Ulrike
    Advanced Power Semiconductor Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Vines, Lasse
    Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
    ul-Hassan, Jawad
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    The role of boron related defects in limiting charge carrier lifetime in 4H–SiC epitaxial layers2023In: APL Materials, E-ISSN 2166-532X, Vol. 11, no 3, article id 031107Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    One of the main challenges in realizing 4H–SiC (silicon carbide)-based bipolar devices is the improvement of minority carrier lifetime in as-grown epitaxial layers. Although Z1/2 has been identified as the dominant carrier lifetime limiting defect, we report on B-related centers being another dominant source of recombination and acting as lifetime limiting defects in 4H–SiC epitaxial layers. Combining time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) measurement in near band edge emission and 530 nm, deep level transient spectroscopy, and minority carrier transient spectroscopy (MCTS), it was found that B related deep levels in the lower half of the bandgap are responsible for killing the minority carriers in n-type, 4H–SiC epitaxial layers when the concentration of Z1/2 is already low. The impact of these centers on the charge carrier dynamics is investigated by correlating the MCTS results with temperature-dependent TRPL decay measurements. It is shown that the influence of shallow B acceptors on the minority carrier lifetime becomes neutralized at temperatures above ∼422 K. Instead, the deep B related acceptor level, known as the D-center, remains active until temperatures above ∼570 K. Moreover, a correlation between the deep level concentrations, minority carrier lifetimes, and growth parameters indicates that intentional nitrogen doping hinders the formation of deep B acceptor levels. Furthermore, tuning growth parameters, including growth temperature and C/Si ratio, is shown to be crucial for improving the minority carrier lifetime in as-grown 4H–SiC epitaxial layers.

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  • 42.
    Godlewski, M
    et al.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Guziewicz, E
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Leonardi, K
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Hommel, D
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Influence of structural properties and of growth conditions on exciton properties in ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum well structures2002In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 389-393, 2002, Vol. 384-3, p. 63-66Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Structural and optical properties of relaxed and pseudomorphic ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum well heterostructures are described. Structural quality and strain conditions of the films are linked with their light emission properties. From the temperature dependence of photoluminescence (PL) spectra we estimate exciton coupling constants to acoustic phonons in pseudomorphic and relaxed structures. The coupling is noticeably weaker in strain-relaxed structures with strong localization effects. PL kinetic studies confirm strong localization of excitons in strain-relaxed structures.

  • 43.
    Godlewski, M
    et al.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, EURATOM Assoc Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Semicond Phys, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Ivanov, VY
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, EURATOM Assoc Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Semicond Phys, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Khachapuridze, A
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, EURATOM Assoc Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Semicond Phys, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Narkowicz, R
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, EURATOM Assoc Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Semicond Phys, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Meas Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Interaction of microwave heated hot carriers with recombination centers2002In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 389-393, 2002, Vol. 384-3, p. 19-26Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We describe application of the technique of optically detected cyclotron resonance (ODCR) to the studies of exciton properties in quantum well structures of CdTe/CdMnTe in the limit of strong localization effects. Microwave-heated free carriers, at cyclotron resonance conditions, can site- or impurity-delocalise excitons, resulting in a strong modification of a low temperature photoluminescence. In consequence, the ODCR allows to study processes of carrier/exciton localization. We show that localization effects are very strong in quantum well structures of CdTe/CdMnTe with large Mn fractions in the CdMnTe barriers.

  • 44.
    Godlewski, M.
    et al.
    Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.
    Ivanov, V.Yu.
    Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Golacki, Z.
    Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.
    Karczewski, G.
    Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.
    Mn2+ intra-shell recombination in bulk and quantum dots of II-VI compounds2002In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, ISSN 0925-8388, E-ISSN 1873-4669, Vol. 341, no 1-2Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Origin of a fast component of the photoluminescence (PL) decay of Mn 2+ intra-shell 4T1 ? 6A 1 transition in bulk and quantum dot structures is discussed based on the results of PL, PL kinetics and optically detected magnetic resonance experiments. It is demonstrated that a fast component of the PL decay, reported previously for quantum dot structure and related to quantum confinement effects, is also observed in bulk samples and is very much enhanced upon generation of free carriers. The appearance of this fast component of the PL decay is related to a very efficient spin cross-relaxation between localized spins of Mn ions and spins of free carriers. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 45.
    Godlewski, M.
    et al.
    Institute of Physics, Pol. Acad. Sci., Al. L., Warsaw, Poland.
    Narkowicz, R.
    Institute of Physics, Pol. Acad. Sci., Al. L., Warsaw, Poland, Semiconductor Physics Institute, A. Gostauto 11, LT-2600, Vilnius, Lithuania.
    Wojtowicz, T.
    Institute of Physics, Pol. Acad. Sci., Al. L., Warsaw, Poland.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Quasi-zero-dimensional excitons in quantum well structures of CdTe/CdMnTe2000In: Journal of Crystal Growth, ISSN 0022-0248, E-ISSN 1873-5002, Vol. 214, p. 420-423Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work we discuss properties of excitons in quantum well structures of CdTe/CdMnTe. We analyse exciton-phonon interaction of strongly localised excitons by studying the temperature dependence of photoluminescence (PL) (width and spectral position of PL lines) and PL dynamics. Evidence of a slow exciton migration/tunnelling among localised sites is presented and its effect on the luminescence spectrum and exciton dynamics is discussed. We show that strong localisation of excitons, observed at low temperatures, results in quasi-zero-dimensional nature of excitons.

  • 46. Godlewski, M
    et al.
    Przybylinska, H
    Bozek, R
    Goldys, EM
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Grzegory, I
    Porowski, S
    Compensation mechanisms in magnesium doped GaN2004In: Physica status solidi. A, Applied research, ISSN 0031-8965, E-ISSN 1521-396X, Vol. 201, no 2, p. 216-220Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Compensation processes in magnesium doped GaN epilayers and bulk samples are studied. We demonstrate enhancement of potential fluctuations in Mg doped samples, from Kelvin probe atomic force microscopy measurements. Large- and small-scale light emission fluctuations are also demonstrated. Micro-photoluminescence (PL) study indicates an unusual anti-correlation between the intensities of excitonic and defect-related emission processes in p-type doped structures and also the presence of the so-called hot-PL. Hot-PL observed in compensated p-type samples, we relate to the presence of strong potential fluctuations. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  • 47. Godlewski, M.
    et al.
    Suski, T.
    Grzegory, I.
    Porowski, S.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials.
    Mechanism of radiative recombination in acceptor-doped bulk GaN crystals1999In: 20th International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors ICDS-20,1999 / [ed] Van de Walle, Chris G, Walukiewicz, W, Physica B, Vol. 273-274: Elsevier , 1999, p. 39-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     Optical and electrical properties of acceptor-doped bulk GaN crystals are discussed. Though introducing Zn and Ca to bulk GaN does not significantly change electron concentration, it results in the appearance of a blue photoluminescence band accompanying the relatively strong yellow band usually present. Highly resistive GaN : Mg crystals are obtained when high amount of Mg is introduced to the Ga melt during high-pressure synthesis. Change of electrical properties of Mg-doped bulk crystals is accompanied by the appearance of a strong blue emission of GaN similar to that in Ca- and Zn-doped crystals. Optically detected magnetic resonance investigations indicate a multi-band character of this blue emission and suggest possible mechanism of compensation in acceptor-doped bulk GaN.

  • 48. Godlewski, M.
    et al.
    Suski, T.
    Grzegory, I.
    Porowski, S.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Functional Electronic Materials.
    Monemar, Bo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Photoluminescence mechanisms in undoped and in Mg doped bulk GaN1999In: 24th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors,1998, Proc. of the 24th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, ed. by D. Gershoni: World Scientific, Singapore , 1999, p. IX B17-Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 49. Godlewski, M
    et al.
    Yatsunenko, S
    Khachapuridze, A
    Ivanov, VY
    Golacki, Z
    Karczewski, G
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Klar, P
    Heimbrodt, W
    Phillips, MR
    Mechanism of intra-shell recombination of transition metal and rare earth ions in nanostructures of II-VI compounds2004In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, ISSN 0925-8388, E-ISSN 1873-4669, Vol. 380, no 01-Feb, p. 45-49Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Based on the results of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and time-resolved investigations we relate the observed lifetime shortening of intra-shell Mn2+ emission to spin dependent magnetic interactions between localized spins of Mn2+ ions and spins/magnetic moments of free carriers. We show that this mechanism is active both in bulk and in low dimensional structures, such as quantum wells (QWs), quantum dots (QDs) and nanostructures. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 50. Ha, SY
    et al.
    Bergman, Peder
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Materials Science .
    Degradation of SiC high-voltage pin diodes2005In: MRS bulletin, ISSN 0883-7694, E-ISSN 1938-1425, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 305-307Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The recent discovery of forward-voltage degradation in SiC pin diodes has created an obstacle to the successful commercialization of SiC bipolar power devices. Accordingly, it has attracted intense interest around the world. This article summarizes the progress in both the fundamental understanding of the problem and its elimination. The degradation is due to the formation of Shockley-type stacking faults in the drift layer, which occurs through glide of bounding partial dislocations. The faults gradually cover the diode area, impeding current flow. Since the minimization of stress in the device structure could not prevent this phenomenon, its driving force appears to be intrinsic to the material. Stable devices can be fabricated by eliminating the nucleation sites, namely, dissociated basal-plane dislocations in the drift layer. Their density can be reduced by the conversion of basal-plane dislocations propagating from the substrate into threading dislocations during homoepitaxy.

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