liu.seSearch for publications in DiVA
Change search
Refine search result
1 - 37 of 37
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • oxford
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in a normal population: a psychoneuroendocrinological approach2008Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Several large‐scale epidemiological studies have demonstrated the prognostic significance of psychosocial factors and stress for coronary artery disease (CAD). Observations of sudden changes in CAD incidence have led to the proposal of mechanisms regarding atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. The collagen‐degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is increased in rupture‐prone plaques with high inflammatory activity, and circulating levels of MMP-9 are raised in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, the distribution of MMP‐9 levels and its relations to psychosocial factors and the stress hormone cortisol have not been previously explored in a normal population.The aim of this dissertation was to examine in a normal population the association of circulating levels of MMP-9 with traditional cardiovascular risk factors including levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), with psychosocial factors, and with saliva levels of cortisol. In addition, the reliability of a new method of ambulatory saliva sampling for assessment of cortisol levels was evaluated. A sub‐sample of the Life conditions, Stress, and Health (LSH)-study, a population based study exploring psychoneuroendocrinological pathways mediating the differences in CAD incidence over socioeconomic status, was used. Plasma levels of MMP-9 were examined in a sample randomly drawn from the LSH‐study (n=400), aged 45 to 69 years at enrollment.The main findings were: 1) there was a positive association between plasma MMP-9 levels and total risk load of cardiovascular risk factors. The findings were persistent after adjusting for CRP and could not be attributed to a single risk factor. 2) After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and CRP, MMP-9 levels were positively associated with psychosocial risk factors and negatively associated with psychosocial resources. 3) Pooling saliva samples prior to laboratory analysis were as reliable as arithmetic means for assessment of diurnal cortisol variation in a field research setting. 4) There was a positive association between circulating levels of MMP‐9 and saliva levels of cortisol, both diurnal peak level and evening level of cortisol. The observed associations between MMP‐9 and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, psychosocial factors, and saliva cortisol levels suggest a psychoneuroendocrinological pathway linking stress to plaque vulnerability and provide increased understanding of the association between psychosocial factors and CAD.

    List of papers
    1. Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population
    Show others...
    2008 (English)In: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 3, no 3, p. e1774-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Elevated levels of circulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) have been demonstrated in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to analyse levels of MMP-9 in a population free from symptomatic CAD and investigate their associations with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP).

     

    Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a population based random sample aged 45–69 (n = 345, 50% women). MMP-9 levels were measured in EDTA-plasma using an ELISA-method. CV risk factors were measured using questionnaires and standard laboratory methods.

    Results: Plasma MMP-9 was detectable in all participants, mean 38.9 ng/mL (SD 22.1 ng/mL). Among individuals without reported symptomatic CAD a positive association (p<0.001) was seen, for both men and women, of MMP-9 levels regarding total risk load of eight CV risk factors i.e. blood pressure, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake. The association was significant also after adjustment for CRP, and was not driven by a single risk factor alone. In regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake and CRP, elevated MMP-9 levels were independently positively associated with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.037), smoking (p<0.001), alcohol intake (p = 0.003) and CRP (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient between MMP-9 and CRP was r = 0.24 (p<0.001).

     

    Conclusions: In a population without reported symptomatic CAD, MMP-9 levels were associated with total CV risk load as well as with single risk factors. This was found also after adjustment for CRP

     

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14925 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0001774 (DOI)
    Note

    Original Publication: Peter Garvin, Lennart Nilsson, John Carstensen, Lena Jonasson and Margareta Kristenson, Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population, 2008, PLoS ONE, (3), 3, e1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001774 Licensee: Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://www.plos.org/

    Available from: 2008-09-30 Created: 2008-09-30 Last updated: 2014-01-10
    2. Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 are Independently Associated With Psychosocial Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 are Independently Associated With Psychosocial Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population
    Show others...
    2009 (English)In: PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, ISSN 0033-3174, Vol. 71, no 3, p. 292-300Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To test the association between psychosocial factors and circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a normal population sample. Psychosocial factors have been associated with inflammatory markers and are of prognostic significance for coronary artery disease (CAD). The degrading enzyme MMP-9 is upregulated in inflammatory processes and hypothesized to play a role in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: A total of 402 participants (50% women), aged 45 to 69 years, were drawn randomly from a normal population. Psychosocial instruments covered depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Questionnaire, CES-D), vital exhaustion, hostile affect, cynicism, mastery, self-esteem, sense of coherence (SOC), emotional support, and social integration. Plasma MMP-9 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, known CAD, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular risk factors including C-reactive protein and ongoing medication. Results: After full adjustment, there were independent associations of elevated MMP-9 levels with CES-D (+2.9 ng/ml per SD, p=.02), hostile affect (+3.0 ng/ml per SD, p=.02), cynicism (+3.5 ng/ml per SD, p=.006), and SOC (-2.5 ng/ml per SD, p=.046). A principal component analysis extracted three components. The first was mainly extracted from CES-D, vital exhaustion, self-esteem, mastery, and SOC; the second was mainly extracted from hostile affect and cynicism. Both were independently associated with MMP-9 (p=.02, p=.04) when run in the same model. Conclusions: MMP-9 levels were associated with psychosocial factors in a middle-aged normal population sample, independently of traditional risk factors. The findings may constitute a possible link between psychosocial factors and cardiovascular risk.

    Keywords
    depression, hostile affect, cynicism, sense of coherence, metalloproteinases, cardiovascular
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18140 (URN)10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181960e7f (DOI)
    Note
    This is a non-final version of an article published in final form: Peter Garvin, Lennart Nilsson, John Carstensen, Lena Jonasson and Margareta Kristenson , Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 are Independently Associated With Psychosocial Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population, 2009, PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, (71), 3, 292-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181960e7f Copyright: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins http://www.lww.com/ Available from: 2009-05-14 Created: 2009-05-08 Last updated: 2009-08-18Bibliographically approved
    3. Pooling ambulatory saliva cortisol samples over consecutive days – as reliable as arithmetic means
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Pooling ambulatory saliva cortisol samples over consecutive days – as reliable as arithmetic means
    2008 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, ISSN 0036-5513, E-ISSN 1502-7686, Vol. 68, no 6, p. 508-512Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: When cortisol measurements are to be studied in large populations, cost-effective analyses are needed. This study aimed at testing whether one pooled cortisol value over three consecutive days is as reliable as using the arithmetic mean of the samples from the same measure points.

    Material and methods: Thirty participants aged between 45 and 69 collected saliva in salivettes immediately after awakening (t1), 30 min after awakening (t2) and in the evening (t3) during 3 consecutive days. A fixed volume from each of the samples (t1, t2 and t3) was pooled prior to laboratory analysis. Mean levels over 3 days for t1, t2 and t3 were compared to corresponding levels of pooled vials. Cortisol levels were analysed using a radio immunoassay.

    Results: All measures tested had high correlations between mean values and pooled samples, exemplified with diurnal deviation rdif t2–t350.974 (CI 0.946;0.987), and awakening response rdif t2–t150.982 (CI 0.963;0.991). There were no statistical differences between the pooled values and the arithmetic means.

    Conclusion: Pooling samples gave as reliable results as arithmetic means did. Pooling samples prior to laboratory analysis is a cost-effective method for measuring general diurnal cortisol variation in field research projects.

    Keywords
    Cortisol, HPA-axis, measurements, methodology, saliva, stress
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14927 (URN)10.1080/00365510701832229 (DOI)
    Note

    Original publication: Peter Garvin, John Carstensen and Margareta Kristenson, Pooling ambulatory saliva cortisol samples over consecutive days – as reliable as arithmetic means, 2008, Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, (68), 6, 508-512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365510701832229. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

    Available from: 2008-09-30 Created: 2008-09-30 Last updated: 2017-12-13
    4. Association between ambulatory saliva cortisol levels and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a normal population
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Association between ambulatory saliva cortisol levels and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a normal population
    Show others...
    (English)Manuscript (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Psychosocial strain has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and also to be associated with a dysfunctional HPA-axis. Based on a proposal on cortisol resistance in maladaptive monocytes as a potential mechanism linking psychosocial strain with CAD, this study aimed at testing the association between levels of salivary cortisol and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a normal population.

    Methods: 359 participants (50 % women) aged 45-69 were enrolled to this study, randomly drawn from a normal population in Sweden. Saliva samples were collected thrice per day (at awakening, 30 minutes after awakening, and just before going to bed) during three consecutive days. Cortisol levels at awakening and 30 minutes after awakening were used to estimate the diurnal peak. Cortisol was analyzed using a radioimmunoassay method. MMP-9 was measured in plasma using an ELISA-method.

    Results: After adjustment for age and sex, significant trends regarding MMP-9 were found both for cortisol peak quintiles (beta +1.9 ng/mL per quintile, p=0.029) and cortisol evening values (beta +2.1 ng/ml per quintile, p=0.017). These findings were consistent in regressions either excluding participants with known diagnoses of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cancer with ongoing treatment, chronic obstructive lung disease, osteoporosis and hypothyroidism, or adjusting for these diseases, also after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors.

    Conclusions: The associations found between cortisol levels and MMP-9 in a normal population hint at a potential pathway linking prolonged psychosocial strain with cardiovascular events.

    Keywords
    Cardiovascular, cortisol, HPA‐axis, metalloproteinases, inflammation
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14928 (URN)
    Available from: 2008-09-30 Created: 2008-09-30 Last updated: 2010-01-14
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Download (pdf)
    COVER01
    Download (pdf)
    POPULARSUMMARY01
  • 2.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    SALIVA CORTISOL AND ITS CORRELATIONS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, vol 17, issue , pp 206-2072010In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Springer Science Business Media , 2010, Vol. 17, p. 206-207Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 3.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    SALIVA CORTISOL AND ITS CORRELATIONS WITH INFLAMMATORY MARKERS in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, vol 17, issue , pp 207-2072010In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Springer Science Business Media , 2010, Vol. 17, p. 207-207Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 4.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Health and Society. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Association between ambulatory saliva cortisol levels and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a normal populationManuscript (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Psychosocial strain has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and also to be associated with a dysfunctional HPA-axis. Based on a proposal on cortisol resistance in maladaptive monocytes as a potential mechanism linking psychosocial strain with CAD, this study aimed at testing the association between levels of salivary cortisol and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a normal population.

    Methods: 359 participants (50 % women) aged 45-69 were enrolled to this study, randomly drawn from a normal population in Sweden. Saliva samples were collected thrice per day (at awakening, 30 minutes after awakening, and just before going to bed) during three consecutive days. Cortisol levels at awakening and 30 minutes after awakening were used to estimate the diurnal peak. Cortisol was analyzed using a radioimmunoassay method. MMP-9 was measured in plasma using an ELISA-method.

    Results: After adjustment for age and sex, significant trends regarding MMP-9 were found both for cortisol peak quintiles (beta +1.9 ng/mL per quintile, p=0.029) and cortisol evening values (beta +2.1 ng/ml per quintile, p=0.017). These findings were consistent in regressions either excluding participants with known diagnoses of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cancer with ongoing treatment, chronic obstructive lung disease, osteoporosis and hypothyroidism, or adjusting for these diseases, also after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors.

    Conclusions: The associations found between cortisol levels and MMP-9 in a normal population hint at a potential pathway linking prolonged psychosocial strain with cardiovascular events.

  • 5.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health and Society. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Pooling ambulatory saliva cortisol samples over consecutive days – as reliable as arithmetic means2008In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, ISSN 0036-5513, E-ISSN 1502-7686, Vol. 68, no 6, p. 508-512Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: When cortisol measurements are to be studied in large populations, cost-effective analyses are needed. This study aimed at testing whether one pooled cortisol value over three consecutive days is as reliable as using the arithmetic mean of the samples from the same measure points.

    Material and methods: Thirty participants aged between 45 and 69 collected saliva in salivettes immediately after awakening (t1), 30 min after awakening (t2) and in the evening (t3) during 3 consecutive days. A fixed volume from each of the samples (t1, t2 and t3) was pooled prior to laboratory analysis. Mean levels over 3 days for t1, t2 and t3 were compared to corresponding levels of pooled vials. Cortisol levels were analysed using a radio immunoassay.

    Results: All measures tested had high correlations between mean values and pooled samples, exemplified with diurnal deviation rdif t2–t350.974 (CI 0.946;0.987), and awakening response rdif t2–t150.982 (CI 0.963;0.991). There were no statistical differences between the pooled values and the arithmetic means.

    Conclusion: Pooling samples gave as reliable results as arithmetic means did. Pooling samples prior to laboratory analysis is a cost-effective method for measuring general diurnal cortisol variation in field research projects.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 6.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Tema Health and Society.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Immunology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Public Health Sciences, Centre for Public Health Sciences.
    Levels of circulating matrix metallo proteinase-9 is associated to psychosocial factors and lifestyle2006In: XIV International Symposium on Atherosclerosis,2006, 2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Public Health Sciences, Centre for Public Health Sciences.
    Nijm, Johnny
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Cardiology.
    Olsson, Anders
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Internal Medicine. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology UHL.
    Psychosocial factors in atherosclerosis2006In: XIV International Symposium on Atherosclerosis,2006, 2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Falk, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels Predict First-Time Coronary Heart Disease: An 8-Year Follow-Up of a Community-Based Middle Aged Population2015In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, no 9, p. e0138290-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background The enzyme in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 has been suggested to be an important determinant of plaque degradation. While several studies have shown elevated levels in patients with coronary heart disease, results in prospective population based studies evaluating MMP-9 in relation to first time coronary events have been inconclusive. As of today, there are four published studies which have measured MMP-9 in serum and none using plasma. Measures of MMP-9 in serum have been suggested to have more flaws than measures in plasma. Aim To investigate the independent association between plasma levels of MMP-9 and first-time incidence of coronary events in an 8-year follow-up. Material and Methods 428 men and 438 women, aged 45-69 years, free of previous coronary events and stroke at baseline, were followed-up. Adjustments were made for sex, age, socioeconomic position, behavioral and cardiovascular risk factors, chronic disease at baseline, depressive symptoms, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. Results 53 events were identified during a risk-time of 6 607 person years. Hazard ratio (HR) for MMP-9 after adjustment for all covariates were HR = 1.44 (1.03 to 2.02, p = 0.033). Overall, the effect of adjustments for other cardiovascular risk factors was low. Conclusion Levels of plasma MMP-9 are independently associated with risk of first-time CHD events, regardless of adjustments. These results are in contrast to previous prospective population-based studies based on MMP-9 in serum. It is essential that more studies look at MMP-9 levels in plasma to further evaluate the association with first coronary events.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Evalill
    Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Division of Health, Activity and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    The joint subclinical elevation of CRP and IL-6 is associated with lower health-related quality of life in comparison with no elevation or elevation of only one of the biomarkers2016In: Quality of Life Research, ISSN 0962-9343, E-ISSN 1573-2649, Vol. 25, no 1, p. 213-221Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), like the Short Form (SF)-36, have been suggested to correlate with inflammatory biomarkers. It is, however, unclear whether a joint measure of two inflammatory biomarkers would bring additional information in comparison with evaluation of one inflammatory biomarker. To evaluate associations between SF-36 and low-grade inflammation in a Swedish population, with emphasis on a combined measure of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a proxy for low-grade inflammation. In a randomly selected sample of a middle-aged Swedish general population (n = 905; aged 45-69 years, 50 % women), relations between SF-36 parameters and the biomarkers were tested. Regression and correlation analyses were adjusted for sex, age, presence of disease, lifestyle, and psychological factors. After adjustment for sex and age, HRQoL was significantly lower in the group with a joint elevation of CRP and IL-6 in comparison with either the group with no elevation or the groups showing elevation of one of the two biomarkers. Also after full adjustments, the combined measure of elevated CRP and IL-6, with few exceptions, was associated with significantly lower HRQoL in comparison with elevations in one of them, difference ranging from 4 (Mental Health scale) to 18 scale steps (Role-Physical scale). This study confirms that there is a relationship between HRQoL and low-grade inflammation. In particular, SF-36 scores are significantly lower in a group with joint elevation of IL-6 and CRP, in comparison with elevation of either one of them.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 10.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health and Society. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population2008In: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 3, no 3, p. e1774-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Elevated levels of circulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) have been demonstrated in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to analyse levels of MMP-9 in a population free from symptomatic CAD and investigate their associations with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP).

     

    Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a population based random sample aged 45–69 (n = 345, 50% women). MMP-9 levels were measured in EDTA-plasma using an ELISA-method. CV risk factors were measured using questionnaires and standard laboratory methods.

    Results: Plasma MMP-9 was detectable in all participants, mean 38.9 ng/mL (SD 22.1 ng/mL). Among individuals without reported symptomatic CAD a positive association (p<0.001) was seen, for both men and women, of MMP-9 levels regarding total risk load of eight CV risk factors i.e. blood pressure, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake. The association was significant also after adjustment for CRP, and was not driven by a single risk factor alone. In regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake and CRP, elevated MMP-9 levels were independently positively associated with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.037), smoking (p<0.001), alcohol intake (p = 0.003) and CRP (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient between MMP-9 and CRP was r = 0.24 (p<0.001).

     

    Conclusions: In a population without reported symptomatic CAD, MMP-9 levels were associated with total CV risk load as well as with single risk factors. This was found also after adjustment for CRP

     

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 11.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Carstensen, John
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Health and Society. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 are Independently Associated With Psychosocial Factors in a Middle-Aged Normal Population2009In: PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, ISSN 0033-3174, Vol. 71, no 3, p. 292-300Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To test the association between psychosocial factors and circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a normal population sample. Psychosocial factors have been associated with inflammatory markers and are of prognostic significance for coronary artery disease (CAD). The degrading enzyme MMP-9 is upregulated in inflammatory processes and hypothesized to play a role in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: A total of 402 participants (50% women), aged 45 to 69 years, were drawn randomly from a normal population. Psychosocial instruments covered depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Questionnaire, CES-D), vital exhaustion, hostile affect, cynicism, mastery, self-esteem, sense of coherence (SOC), emotional support, and social integration. Plasma MMP-9 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, known CAD, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular risk factors including C-reactive protein and ongoing medication. Results: After full adjustment, there were independent associations of elevated MMP-9 levels with CES-D (+2.9 ng/ml per SD, p=.02), hostile affect (+3.0 ng/ml per SD, p=.02), cynicism (+3.5 ng/ml per SD, p=.006), and SOC (-2.5 ng/ml per SD, p=.046). A principal component analysis extracted three components. The first was mainly extracted from CES-D, vital exhaustion, self-esteem, mastery, and SOC; the second was mainly extracted from hostile affect and cynicism. Both were independently associated with MMP-9 (p=.02, p=.04) when run in the same model. Conclusions: MMP-9 levels were associated with psychosocial factors in a middle-aged normal population sample, independently of traditional risk factors. The findings may constitute a possible link between psychosocial factors and cardiovascular risk.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 12.
    Garvin, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Suska, Anke
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Public Health Sciences.
    Lundström, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Immunology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE IN A POPULATION BASED SAMPLE. ASSOCIATIONS WITH PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, SELF RATED HEALTH AND INFLAMMATORY MARKERS2010In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, ISSN 1070-5503, E-ISSN 1532-7558, Vol. 17, no 1 Supplement, p. S181-S181Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: In recent years, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) has beenproposed as a reliable proxy for sympathetic activity. This study aimed at testing the association between sAA to a broad range of psychosocial factors, self rated health, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory markers in a normal population sample.

    Methods: 30 participants, all men between 50 and 54 years old, were randomly selected from a normal population based study. Saliva samples were collected at awakening, 30 minutes after awakening and just before going to bed. sAA was measured by a calorimetric method using Phadebas amylase test. Linear regression models were used to test associations between sAA levels and a broad spectrum of psychosocial factors (e.g. depressive symptamology, vital exhaustion, mastery and sense of coherence) self rated health and inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein). Adjustments were made for physical exercise, smoking, blood  lipids and  time point  when  sample was collected.

    Results: sAA levels at awakening were positively associated with depressive symptamology (p = 0.046), vital exhaustion (p = 0.025) and negatively associated with sense of coherence (p = 0.034). It was further associated positively associated with levels of C-reactive protein (p = 0.024)  and  negatively associated with  self  reported general health (p = 0.010). Samples taken just before going to bed were showing similar results, whereas samples taken 30 minutes after awakening only showed a few significant associations.

    Conclusions: The associations found give further support for the use of salivary alpha amylase as a psychoneuroendocrinological bio- marker. Assessment just after awakening or just before going to bed seems to be more reliable than samples 30 minutes after awakening.

  • 13.
    Granström, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Forskningsstrategiska enheten.
    Molarius, A.
    Centre for Clinical Research, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden; Department of Public Health, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Distinguishing independent and shared effects of material/structural conditions and psychosocial resources on educational inequalities in self-rated health: results from structural equation modelling2021In: Public Health, ISSN 0033-3506, E-ISSN 1476-5616, Vol. 196, p. 10-17Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to distinguish independent and shared effects of material/structural factors and psychosocial resources in explaining educational inequalities in self-rated health (SRH) by using structural equation modelling.

    Study design

    Cross-sectional survey.

    Methods

    Data were derived from a questionnaire sent to a random sample of the population in five counties in Sweden in 2008. The study population (aged 25–75 years) included 15,099 men and 17,883 women. Exploratory structural equation modelling was used to analyse the pathways from educational level to SRH.

    Results

    The pathway including both material/structural factors (e.g. financial buffer and unemployment) and psychosocial resources (e.g. sense of coherence and social participation) explained about 40% of educational differences in SRH for both men and women. The pathways including only the independent effects of psychosocial resources (14% in men and 20% in women) or material/structural factors (9% and 18%, respectively) explained substantial but smaller proportions of the differences.

    Conclusions

    The major pathway explaining educational inequalities in SRH included both material/structural factors and psychosocial resources. Therefore, to reduce educational inequalities in SRH, interventions need to address both material/structural conditions and psychosocial resources across educational groups.

  • 14.
    Granström, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Molarius, Anu
    Vastmanland County Council, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Elo, Sirkka
    Örebro County Council, Sweden.
    Feldman, Inna
    Uppsala County Council, Sweden; Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Exploring trends in and determinants of educational inequalities in self-rated health2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 43, no 7, p. 677-686Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Educational inequalities in self-rated health (SRH) in European welfare countries are documented, but recent trends in these inequalities are less well understood. We examined educational inequalities in SRH in different age groups, and the contribution of selected material, behavioural and psychosocial determinants from 2000 to 2008. Methods: Data were derived from cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2000, 2004 and 2008 including 37,478, 34,876 and 32,982 respondents, respectively, aged 25-75 in mid-Sweden. Inequalities were analysed by age-standardized and age-stratified rate ratios of poor SRH and age-standardized prevalence of determinants, and contribution of determinants by age-adjusted logistic regression. Results: Relative educational inequalities in SRH increased among women from 2000 (rate ratio (RR) 1.70, 95% CI 1.55-1.85) to 2008 (RR 2.07, 95% CI 1.90-2.26), but were unchanged among men (RR 1.91-2.01). The increase among women was mainly due to growing inequalities in the age group 25-34 years. In 2008, significant age differences emerged with larger inequalities in the youngest compared with the oldest age group in both genders. All determinants were more prevalent in low educational groups; the most prominent were lack of a financial buffer, smoking and low optimism. Educational differences were unchanged over the years for most determinants. In all three surveys, examined determinants together explained a substantial part of the educational inequalities in SRH. Conclusions: Increased relative educational health inequalities among women, and persisting inequalities among men, were paralleled by unchanged, large differences in material/structural, behavioural and psychosocial factors. Interventions to reduce these inequalities need to focus on early mid-life.

  • 15.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Public Health Sciences.
    Lindfors, Petra
    Stockholm University.
    Lundberg, Ulf
    Stockholm University.
    Harris, Anette
    University of Bergen.
    Hansen, Ase M
    University of Copenhagen.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ursin, Holger
    University of Bergen.
    THE ROLE OF SALIVA CORTISOL MEASUREMENTS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE - A MATTER OF THEORY AND METHODOLOGY in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, vol 17, issue , pp 206-2062010In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Springer Science Business Media , 2010, Vol. 17, p. 206-206Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 16.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lundberg, Johanna
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Socioeconomic differences in outpatient healthcare utilisation are mainly seen for musculoskeletal problems in groups with poor self-rated health2011In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 39, no 8, p. 805-812Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To assess whether there are socioeconomic (SES) differences in outpatient visits within groups of comparable morbidity (medical disease and self-rated health) and whether psychosocial factors can explain these differences. Methods: Baseline data for SES, presence of disease, self-rated health (SRH), and psychosocial factors were collected during 2003-04 from 923 men and women aged 45-69 years in southeast Sweden. Outcome data were all registered outpatient healthcare visits to physicians during 2004-08. Cumulative incidences and standardised rate ratios (SSR) were calculated for strata of comparable morbidity for all visits, for visits due to cardiovascular disorders (CVD)/diabetes and for musculoskeletal problems. Results: Low SES was associated with more outpatient visits due to musculoskeletal problems (SRR for education 1.52, 95% CI 1.35-1.73; for occupation 1.40, 95% CI 1.26-1.56) and accentuated in groups with poor SRH. The SES effect was significant for visits to primary care and to hospitals, for men and women, and independent of present disease, SRH, and psychosocial factors. Low SES was significantly associated with more total outpatient visits at primary healthcare centres. In contrast, for outpatient visits due to CVD/diabetes, high SES was related to more visits to hospitals among people with good SRH at baseline. Conclusions: We found a consistent pattern for outpatient visits related to musculoskeletal problems where people with low SES counted more visits and this was most prominent in groups of poor SRH. The results demonstrate the need to apply different morbidity measures when studying inequalities in healthcare utilisation.

  • 17.
    Kälvegren, Hanna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Fridfeldt (Berggren), Jonna
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wind, Lena
    Leanderson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kristenson, Margaretha
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kihlström, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Bengtsson, Torbjörn
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Richter, Arina
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Correlation between rises in Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific antibodies, platelet activation and lipid peroxidation after percutaneous coronary intervention.2008In: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, ISSN 0934-9723, E-ISSN 1435-4373, Vol. 27, no 7, p. 503-511Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We recently showed that Chlamydia pneumoniae activates platelets in vitro, with an associated oxidation of low-density lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to investigate whether C. pneumoniae is released during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and, thereby, causes platelet activation and lipid peroxidation. Seventy-three patients undergoing coronary angiography and following PCI or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and 57 controls were included in the study. C. pneumoniae antibodies, serotonin and lipid peroxidation were measured before and 24 h, 1 month and 6 months after angiography. The results show that serum C. pneumoniae IgA concentrations were significantly higher in patients than in the controls. Furthermore, in 38% of the C. pneumoniae IgG positive patients, the C. pneumoniae IgG concentration increased 1 month after PCI. The levels of C. pneumoniae IgG antibodies 1 month after PCI correlated with plasma-lipid peroxidation (r = 0.91, P < 0.0001) and platelet-derived serotonin (r = 0.62, P = 0.02). There was no elevation in the total serum IgG 1 month after PCI. In conclusion, the present results suggest that PCI treatment of coronary stenosis releases C. pneumoniae from the atherosclerotic lesions, which leads to platelet activation and lipid peroxidation.

  • 18.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion, Neurology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Neurology.
    Tondel, Martin
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Hjalmarsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science.
    Flodin, Ulf
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Axelson, Olav
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    The risk for multiple sclerosis in female nurse anaesthetists: A register based study2006In: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, ISSN 1351-0711, E-ISSN 1470-7926, Vol. 63, no 6, p. 387-389Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Previous studies have suggested that exposure to organic solvents, including volatile anaesthetic agents, may be a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), possibly in combination with genetic and other environmental factors. Aims: To further investigate the role of volatile anaesthetic agents having similar acute toxic effects to other organic solvents. Methods: Female nurse anaesthetists, other female nurses, and female teachers from middle and upper compulsory school levels were identified and retrieved from the 1985 census, Statistics Sweden. By means of the unique personal identity number in Sweden, these individuals were linked with the disability pension registers at The National Social Insurance Board and also with data on hospital care 1985-2000 at The National Board of Health and Welfare. Results: The cumulative incidence rate ratio of MS was found to be increased in female nurse anaesthetists in relation to other nurses (statistically not significant) and teachers (statistically significant), respectively. Conclusions: These findings give some support to previous findings of an increased risk for MS in nurse anaesthetists. This is interesting in the context of previous observations of organic solvents in general as a potential risk factor in MS.

  • 19.
    Lundgren, Oskar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regional Board, Research and Development Unit.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Inverted items and validity: A psychobiological evaluation of two measures of psychological resources and one depression scale2018In: Health psychology open, ISSN 2055-1029, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 2055102918755045Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Psychological resources and risk factors influence risk of coronary heart disease. We evaluated whether inverted items in the Self-esteem, Mastery, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scales compromise validity in the context of coronary heart disease. In a population-based sample, validity was investigated by calculating correlations with other scales (n = 1004) and interleukin-6 (n = 374), and by analyzing the relationship with 8-year coronary heart disease risk (n = 1000). Negative items did not affect the validity of the resource scales. In contrast, positive items from Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression showed no significant relationships with biological variables. However, they had no major impact on the validity of the original scale.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Lundgren, Oskar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Linköping University, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research. Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Psychological Resources are Associated with Reduced Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease: An 8-Year Follow-up of a Community-Based Swedish Sample2015In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, ISSN 1070-5503, E-ISSN 1532-7558, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 77-84Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    A large number of studies have provided clear evidence for a link between the risk of coronary heart disease and psychological risk factors. Much less attention has been given to the potential protective effect of psychological resources.

    Purpose

    The major aim of this study was to investigate the independent association between psychological resources and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in an 8-year follow-up study of a Swedish community-based cohort.

    Methods

    The cohort consisted of 484 men and 497 women, aged 45–69 years at baseline. The incidence of first-time major event of CHD was analysed in relation to baseline levels of psychological resources, including mastery, self-esteem, and sense of coherence as well as psychological risk factors including cynicism and hostile affect, vital exhaustion, hopelessness, and depressive symptoms. In Cox proportional hazard models, adjustments were made for age, sex, eight traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and depressive symptoms.

    Results

    A total of 56 CHD events had occurred after the 8-year follow-up. After adjustment for age, sex, and eight traditional risk factors, a significantly decreased risk of CHD was found for mastery (HR 0.62 per SD, p = 0.003), self-esteem (HR 0.64, p = 0.004), and sense of coherence (HR 0.70, p = 0.031). An increased risk of CHD was found for vital exhaustion (HR 1.46, p = 0.014), hopelessness (HR 1.59, p = 0.003), and depressive symptoms (HR 1.45, p = 0.009). After further adjustment for depressive symptoms, significant associations remained for mastery (HR 0.67, p = 0.034), self-esteem (HR 0.69, p = 0.048), and hopelessness (HR 1.48, p = 0.023).

    Conclusions

    The psychological resources, mastery and self-esteem, showed robust protective effects on CHD, also after adjustment for established risk factors as well as depressive symptoms. In parallel, hopelessness was an independent risk factor for CHD. The results may have implications for novel approaches in preventive efforts

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 21.
    Lundgren, Oskar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regional Board, Research and Development Unit.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Thylén, Ingela
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    A journey through chaos and calmness: experiences of mindfulness training in patients with depressive symptoms after a recent coronary event - a qualitative diary content analysis.2018In: BMC Psychology, E-ISSN 2050-7283, Vol. 6, no 1, article id 46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Psychological distress with symptoms of depression and anxiety is common and unrecognized in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Efforts have been made to treat psychological distress in CAD with both conventional methods, such as antidepressant drugs and psychotherapy, and non-conventional methods, such as stress management courses. However, studies focusing on the experiences of mindfulness training in this population are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore immediate experiences of mindfulness practice among CAD patients with depressive symptoms.

    METHODS: A qualitative content analysis of diary entries, written immediately after practice sessions and continuously during an 8-week long Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction course (MBSR), was applied.

    RESULTS: Twelve respondents participated in the study. The main category: a journey through chaos and calmness captured the participants' concurrent experiences of challenges and rewards over time. This journey appears to reflect a progressive development culminating in the harvesting of the fruits of practice at the end of the mindfulness training. Descriptions of various challenging facets of mindfulness practice - both physical and psychological - commonly occurred during the whole course, although distressing experiences were more predominant during the first half. Furthermore, the diary entries showed a wide variety of ways of dealing with these struggles, including both constructive and less constructive strategies of facing difficult experiences. As the weeks passed, participants more frequently described an enhanced ability to concentrate, relax and deal with distractions. They also developed their capacity to observe the content of their mind and described how the practice began to yield rewards in the form of well-being and a sense of mastery.

    CONCLUSIONS: Introducing MBSR in the aftermath of a cardiac event, when depressive symptoms are present, is a complex and delicate challenge in clinical practice. More nuanced information about what to expect as well as the addition of motivational support and skillful guidance during the course should be given in accordance with the participants' experiences and needs.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT03340948 ).

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22.
    Lundgren, Oskar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Children's and Women's Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Forskningsstrategiska enheten.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Tornerefelt, Viktor
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Karolinska Inst, Sweden.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Coronary Artery Disease Patients: Potential Improvements in Mastery and Depressive Symptoms2022In: Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings, ISSN 1068-9583, E-ISSN 1573-3572, Vol. 29, no 3, p. 489-497Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Depressive symptoms after coronary events are associated with a worse prognosis. When changing the focus from psychopathology towards a resilience framework, treatments such as mindfulness meditation could offer novel ways to address psychological distress among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We studied the feasibility of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for CAD patients with depressive symptoms. Seventy-nine CAD patients with elevated depressive symptoms were invited to an 8-week MBSR course. Twenty-four patients (30%) accepted and 16 (20%) completed MBSR. Depressive symptoms decreased immediately after the course (p = .006). After 12 months, this improvement remained, and Mastery scores increased (p = .005). A reference group of 108 CAD patients did not show any significant changes in depressive symptoms or Mastery between 1 and 12 months after a coronary event. MBSR thus appears to be a feasible alternative for CAD patients with elevated depressive symptoms. Future studies are warranted to study if MBSR can improve psychological functioning in CAD patients. Clinicaltrials.gov (Registration Number: NCT03340948).

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23.
    Lönn, J.
    et al.
    Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Starkhammar Johansson, Carin
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kälvegren, Hanna
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Brudin, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical Physiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Skoglund, Caroline
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Molecular Surface Physics and Nano Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Särndahl, E.
    Department of Cardiology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ravald, Nils
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Richter, Arina
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Bengtsson, T.
    Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Nayeri, Fariba
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Infectious Diseases. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Infectious Diseases.
    Hepatocyte growth factor in patients with coronary artery disease and its relation to periodontal condition2012In: Results in Immunology, E-ISSN 2211-2839, Vol. 2, p. 7-12Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is an angiogenic, cardioprotective factor important for tissue and vascular repair. High levels of HGF are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and periodontitis, and are suggested as a marker of the ongoing atherosclerotic event in patients with CAD. Periodontal disease is more prevalent among patients with CAD than among healthy people. Recent studies indicate a reduced biological activity of HGF in different chronic inflammatory conditions. Biologically active HGF has high affinity to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) on cell-membrane and extracellular matrix. The aim of the study was to investigate the serum concentration and the biological activity of HGF with ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), respectively, before and at various time points after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with CAD, and to examine the relationship with periodontal condition. The periodontal status of the CAD patients was examined, and the presence of P. gingivalis in periodontal pockets was analyzed with PCR. The HGF concentration was significantly higher, at all time-points, in patients with CAD compared to the age-matched controls (P< 0.001), but was independent of periodontal status. The HGF concentration and the affinity to HSPG adversely fluctuated over time, and the biological activity increased one month after intervention in patients without periodontitis. We conclude that elevated concentration of HGF but with reduced biological activity might indicate a chronic inflammatory profile in patients with CAD and periodontitis.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24.
    Marteinsdottir, Ina
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Psychiatry.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Psychological Resources Are Independently Associated with Markers of Inflammation in a Middle-Aged Community Sample2016In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, ISSN 1070-5503, E-ISSN 1532-7558, Vol. 23, no 5, p. 611-620Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose To elucidate possible independent associations of psychological resources with inflammatory markers, all linked with coronary heart disease (CHD). Method In a middle-aged general population (n = 944), psychological resources (coping, self-esteem, and sense of coherence (SOC)), a global measure of quality of life (Cantrils self-anchoring ladder, also called "ladder of life"), and psychological risk factors (hopelessness, vital exhaustion, and depressive symptoms) were used in linear regression models to evaluate associations with the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. Adjustments were done for age, sex, medical conditions, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results After full adjustments, self-esteem was independently associated with all three biomarkers. Ladder of life was associated with IL-6 and log-CRP; coping, vital exhaustion, and depressive symptoms with IL-6; and SOC with MMP-9 (p amp;lt; 0.05 for all associations). Conclusion Numerous significant associations of psychological resources and risk factors with IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 were found in a community-based sample. The associations of psychological resources were mostly independent, while the psychological risk factors seemed preferentially dependent on lifestyle factors as smoking, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). This suggests that the psychological resources (in particular self-esteem) protective effects on CHD are linked to inflammatory markers.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 25.
    Mazya, Amelie Lindh
    et al.
    Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS)Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Geriatric Department of Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Danderydsgeriatriken, Danderyd, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Operations management Region Östergötland, Research and Development Unit.
    Ekdahl, Anne W
    Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Institution of Clinical Research, Helsingborg Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Outpatient comprehensive geriatric assessment: effects on frailty and mortality in old people with multimorbidity and high health care utilization2019In: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, ISSN 1594-0667, E-ISSN 1720-8319, Vol. 31, no 4, p. 519-525Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity and frailty are often associated and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is considered the gold standard of care for these patients.

    AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of outpatient Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) on frailty in community-dwelling older people with multimorbidity and high health care utilization.

    METHODS: The Ambulatory Geriatric Assessment-Frailty Intervention Trial (AGe-FIT) was a randomized controlled trial (intervention group, n = 208, control group n = 174) with a follow-up period of 24 months. Frailty was a secondary outcome. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 75 years, ≥ 3 current diagnoses per ICD-10, and ≥ 3 inpatient admissions during 12 months prior to study inclusion. The intervention group received CGA-based care and tailored interventions by a multidisciplinary team in an Ambulatory Geriatric Unit, in addition to usual care. The control group received usual care. Frailty was measured with the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) criteria. At 24 months, frail and deceased participants were combined in the analysis.

    RESULTS: Ninety percent of the population were frail or pre-frail at baseline. After 24 months, there was a significant smaller proportion of frail and deceased (p = 0.002) and a significant higher proportion of pre-frail patients in the intervention group (p = 0.004). Mortality was high, 18% in the intervention group and 26% in the control group.

    CONCLUSION: Outpatient CGA may delay the progression of frailty and may contribute to the improvement of frail patients in older persons with multimorbidity.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 26.
    Moberg, A. B.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Primary Health Care in Central County. Kärna Vårdcent, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Taleus, U.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Primary Health Care in Central County. Ljungsbro Vårdcent, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Fransson, Sven Göran
    Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Radiology in Linköping. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Radiological Sciences.
    Falk, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Community-acquired pneumonia in primary care: clinical assessment and the usability of chest radiography2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, ISSN 0281-3432, E-ISSN 1502-7724, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 21-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic value of different clinical and laboratory findings in pneumonia and to explore the association between the doctors degree of suspicion and chest X-ray (CXR) result and to evaluate whether or not CXR should be used routinely in primary care, when available. Design: A three-year prospective study was conducted between September 2011 and December 2014. Setting: Two primary care settings in Linkoping, Sweden. Subjects: A total of 103 adult patients with suspected pneumonia in primary care. Main outcome measures: The physicians recorded results of a standardized medical physical examination, including laboratory results, and rated their suspicion into three degrees. The outcome of the diagnostic variables and the degree of suspicion was compared with the result of CXR. Results: Radiographic pneumonia was reported in 45% of patients. When the physicians were sure of the diagnosis radiographic pneumonia was found in 88% of cases (p&lt;0.001), when quite sure the frequency of positive CXR was 45%, and when not sure 28%. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP)50mg/L were associated with the presence of radiographic pneumonia when the diagnosis was suspected (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: This study indicates that CXR can be useful if the physician is not sure of the diagnosis, but when sure one can rely on ones judgement without ordering CXR.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 27.
    Nilsson, Evalill
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Health, Activity, Care. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Immunology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Associations between SF-36 and inflammatory biomarkers CRP, CXCL8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and MMP-9 in a normal middle-aged Swedish populationManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate associations between health-related quality of life, HRQoL, and inflammatory biomarkers in a normal population, and investigate whether associations could be explained by the presence of disease, lifestyle and/or psychological factors.

    Methods: A randomly selected sample of a middle-aged Swedish population (n=961; aged 45-70 years, 50% women) was investigated. Self-reported data on HRQoL (SF-36), presence of disease, lifestyle and psychological factors, and plasma levels of biomarkers of inflammation: C-reactive protein (CRP), CXCL8, interleukin (IL)-1β, 6, and 10, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, were analyzed using correlation and regression analyses.

    Results: After adjustment for sex and age, significant negative associations were seen for all scales of the SF-36 to plasma levels of IL-6 and CRP (except the Mental Health scale for CRP), and to a lesser extent to MMP-9, while only a few significant associations were noted for the other biomarkers. Associations with IL-6 were attenuated but generally remained significant after full adjustment (for age, sex, presence of disease, lifestyle and psychological factors) in regression analyses, while associations with CRP for many scales became nonsignificant after control for lifestyle factors.

    Conclusions: Poor HRQoL was related to low grade inflammation in a normal population. The results suggest a possible pathway for earlier observed effects of HRQoL on mortality risk and indicate that low HRQoL is a sign of increased biological vulnerability. The data further indicate that IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 are more informative markers than CXCL8, IL-1β, and IL-10 for these relationships, but also that they may not convey exactly the same information.

  • 28.
    Nilsson, Evalill
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linnaeus Univ, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Forskningsstrategiska enheten.
    Festin, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Wenemark, Marika
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Measuring psychosocial factors in health surveys using fewer items2020In: HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY OPEN, ISSN 2055-1029, Vol. 7, no 2, article id 2055102920975983Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study investigated the possibility of reducing length of psychosocial scales, while maintaining validity, using easily manageable techniques. Data were collected 2003-2004 in a Swedish general population; n = 1007, ages 45-69, 50% women. Eight psychosocial scales were reduced from 6-20 to 3-7 items maintaining Cronbachs alpha &gt;0.7 and correlation coefficients between full and reduced scales &gt; 0.85. Relationships to biomarkers for inflammation, self-rated health and 8-year incidence of coronary heart disease showed no difference between full and reduced scales. It was possible, using these easily manageable methods, to reduce scale length without threatening validity for use in population surveys.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Rydén, Mireille
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Leanderson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Immunology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Cardiology UHL.
    Provitamin A carotenoids are independently associated with matrix metalloproteinase-9 in plasma samples from a general population2012In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 272, no 4, p. 371-384Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aim:  Carotenoids in plasma are inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. Low levels can be explained by low dietary intake but also by a number of other factors including inflammatory activity. Given that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 has an important role in inflammation and cardiovascular disease, we hypothesized that circulating MMP-9 levels would be inversely related to total or single carotenoids in a general population cohort. Methods:  A well-characterized population-based cohort of 285 Swedish men and women (45-69 years) was used for the present study. The intake of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Levels of MMP-9, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and six major carotenoids [β-cryptoxanthine, α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein (+ zeaxanthin) and lycopene] were determined in plasma. Results:  Lower plasma levels of total and single carotenoids were associated with lower dietary intake of carotenoids, older age, male sex, lower physical activity, higher alcohol consumption, higher body mass index (BMI), higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, lower levels of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol and higher levels of CRP, IL-6 and MMP-9. After multivariate adjustments, plasma levels of total carotenoids and provitamin A carotenoids (β-cryptoxanthine, α-carotene and β-carotene) remained independently associated with sex, dietary intake of carotenoids, BMI, HDL cholesterol and MMP-9, while associations with CRP and IL-6 were not maintained. Neither dietary intake of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables, nor vitamin supplement use was associated with MMP-9, CRP or IL-6 levels. Conclusion:  Plasma carotenoids were associated with a variety of factors including age, sex, dietary intake and metabolic variables. A new finding was the independent relationship in plasma between low provitamin A carotenoids and high MMP-9, suggesting a link between these carotenoids, matrix turnover and arterial remodelling. © 2012 The Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 30.
    Rydén, Mireille
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Leanderson, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology.
    Carotenoid levels in plasma: can dietary intake and inflammation explain variability?2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Low plasma levels of carotenoids and low dietary intake of carotenoids are both linked to increased cardiovascular risk. The supply of carotenoids depends on dietary sources. However, it has also been shown that inflammation may have major influence on plasma carotenoids. The aim of this study was to examine the association of plasma carotenoids with dietary intake of carotenoids and a panel of inflammatory markers including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9.

    Methods: A population-based cohort consisting of 285 Swedish men and women (45-69 years) was studied. Fruit and vegetable consumption was estimated from a validated 92-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, myeloperoxidase and MMP-9 were determined as were plasma concentrations of 5 major carotenoids: lutein, β-crypthoxanthine, lycopen, α-carotene and β-carotene.

    Result: Lower plasma levels of lipid-adjusted carotenoids (low vs top tertile) were significantly associated with higher age, male sex, higher body mass index (BMI), higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, higher IL-6 and MMP-9 levels and lower intake of carotenoid-rich food. Low dietary intake of carotenoids was related to male sex, smoking and low plasma carotenoids. After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, physical activity, smoking, dietary intake, IL-6 and MMP-9, plasma carotenoids remained associated with age (Beta= -0.17, p<0.01), sex (Beta=0.19, p<0.01), BMI (Beta= -0.19, p<0.01), dietary intake (Beta=0.21, p<0.01) and MMP-9 (Beta= -0.13, p<0.05). However, these associations differed among individual carotenoids, e.g. the correlation to MMP-9 was restricted to α-carotene (Beta= -0.13, p<0.05) and the correlation to sex was restricted to α-carotene (Beta=0.23, p<0.001) and β-carotene (Beta=0.18, p<0.01).

    Conclusion: In this population-based study, plasma carotenoids reflected dietary intake of carotenoids but to a minor extent. Also, levels of inflammatory markers explained very little of the variability in plasma carotenoids. Instead, age, sex and BMI independently influenced the levels of carotenoids. In cardiovascular risk management, we need to better understand the potential determinants of carotenoid levels in plasma.

  • 31.
    Staff, Angelica
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Capio Primary Health Care Centre Berga, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Wiréhn, Ann-Britt
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Health Care Analysis. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Yngman Uhlin, Pia
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Patients requests and needs for culturally and individually adapted supportive care in type 2 diabetes patients A comparative study between Nordic and non-Nordic patients in a social economical vulnerable area of Linkoping, Sweden2017In: Primary Care Diabetes, ISSN 1751-9918, E-ISSN 1878-0210, Vol. 11, no 6, p. 522-528Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: This study sought to determine and compare the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in non-Nordic immigrants and native Nordics. The aim was also to describe and compare the request of supportive care between these two groups. Methods: One hundred and eighty-four patients (n = 184) coming to a routine check-up in a primary healthcare setting (PHC), were consecutively enrolled to the study during a period of one year. Data on therapeutic interventions, clinical measurements, healthcare consumption, and adherence to standard diabetes healthcare program were extracted from the patients medical record. Structured interviews on supportive care were conducted by diabetes trained nurses. If needed, a qualified interpreter was used. Comparisons were made between Nordic patients (n =151) and non-Nordic patients (n = 33). Results: Among T2DM patients in a setting of PHC, there was a difference in meeting the metabolic target HbA1c, between native Nordics and non-Nordic immigrants. There was also a difference in request on supportive care. The non-Nordic group significantly requested more and different supportive care. They also attended the standard diabetes program to a lesser degree. Conclusions: Culturally/individually adapted prevention is not only medically warranted but also requested by the patients themselves. (C) 2017 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 32.
    Tondel, Martin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Hjalmarsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hardell, Lennart
    Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Göran
    Department of Health Policy, Västernorrland County Council, Härnösand, Sweden.
    Axelsson, Olav
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Increase of regional total cancer incidence in North Sweden due to the Chernobyl accident?2004In: Journal of epidemiology and community health, ISSN 0143-005X, Vol. 58, no 12, p. 1011-1016Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Study objective: Is there any epidemiologically visible influence on the cancer incidence after the Chernobyl fallout in Sweden?

    Design: A cohort study was focused on the fallout of caesium-137 in relation to cancer incidence 1988–1996.

    Setting: In northern Sweden, affected by the Chernobyl accident in 1986, 450 parishes were categorised by caesium-137 deposition: <3 (reference), 3–29, 30–39, 40–59, 60–79, and 80–120 kiloBecquerel/m2.

    Participants: All people 0–60 years living in these parishes in 1986 to 1987 were identified and enrolled in a cohort of 1 143 182 persons. In the follow up 22 409 incident cancer cases were retrieved in 1988–1996. A further analysis focused on the secular trend.

    Main results: Taking age and population density as confounding factors, and lung cancer incidence in 1988–1996 and total cancer incidence in 1986–1987 by municipality as proxy confounders for smoking and time trends, respectively, the adjusted relative risks for the deposition categories were 1.00 (reference <3 kiloBecquerel/m2), 1.05, 1.03, 1.08, 1.10, and 1.21. The excess relative risk was 0.11 per 100 kiloBecquerel/m2 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.20). Considering the secular trend, directly age standardised cancer incidence rate differences per 100 000 person years between 1988 to 1996 and the reference period 1986–1987, were 30.3 (indicating a time trend in the reference category), 36.8, 42.0, 45.8, 50.1, and 56.4. No clear excess occurred for leukaemia or thyroid cancer.

    Conclusions: Unless attributable to chance or remaining uncontrolled confounding, a slight exposure related increase in total cancer incidence has occurred in northern Sweden after the Chernobyl accident.

  • 33.
    Tondel, Martin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Lindgren, P
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Hjalmarsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Hardell, L.
    Department of Oncology, Örebro, Sweden.
    Axelson, Olav
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Pain and Occupational Centre, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Increased cancer incidence in north Sweden-an early promoting effect caused by the chernobyl accident.2003In: Epidemiology, ISSN 1044-3983, Vol. 14, no 5 Suppl., p. S94-S94Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: In Sweden the ground gamma radiation, due to uranium containing granite, contribute to the population's total radiation dose. After the Chemobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986 as much as five percent of the released caesium-137 was deposited in Sweden, especially in the Northern part of the country. Our hypothesis was that this radiation caused increased cancer incidence, after adjustment by ground gamma radiation exposure.

    Methods: The study base included the population of eight counties with the highest fallout after the Chernobyl accident, but also with unaffected areas in these counties serving as the reference. Each person 0-60 years of age living in the same parish at 31 December 1985 and 31 December 1987 were included in a cohort. With the coordinate of each person's dwelling from the National Land Survey of Sweden a total of 1 137 106 individuals could be given 1) ground gamma radiation exposure from the digital map of the Swedish Geological Agency and 2) caesium-137 exposure from a similar map created by Swedish Radiation Protection Institute. Accuracy of the dwelling coordinate was 100 metres and for the radiation exposures 200 metres as done by aeroplane measurements. Three time periods were analysed 1988-1991, 1992-1995 and 1988-1999.

    Results: Population density, lung cancer incidence 1988-1999 and total cancer incidence 1986-1987 was risk factors for total cancer outcome in 1988-1999. Age adjusted ERR per 100 nGy/h for ground gamma radiation and total cancer incidence did not show any significant dose response measured, either in each three years time intervals or in the total period of 1988-1999. For caesium the ERR per 100 nGy/h (adjusted by population density, lung cancer incidence, total cancer incidence 1986-1987 and ground gamma radiation) was significant in 1988-1991 followed by a decline in risk 1992-1995 and then a slight but not complete return in risk. The ERR of 0.042 (95% CL 0.001;0.084) per 100 nGy/h for caesium exposure 1988-1999 is therefore dependent on the first three years increase, and to less extent by the following six years.

    Conclusion: We have found an early effect of the Chernobyl fallout in Northern Sweden. However, even in the ERR of 0.101 per 100 nGy/h is relatively low in 1988-1991, it is stable in a stepwise regression, and therefore indicating a true effect. An interpretation of our results could be that the sudden exposure of ionizing radiation from Chernobyl might have acted as a late stage general promotor for cancer. Such an early effect can hitherto been overlooked in previous studies.

  • 34.
    Tondel, Martin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Lindgren, Peter
    University of Gothenburg.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Persson, Bodil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre.
    Parish classification or dwelling coordinate for exposure assessment in environmental epidemiology: A comparative study using Geographical information System2008In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 405, no 1-3, p. 324-329Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Two previous epidemiological studies on the incidence of total malignancies in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident have shown consistently increased risks. The first study used an analogue map on (CS)-C-137 from 1986 to classify individuals in terms of the parish they lived in. In the second study, dwelling coordinates were matched to a digital map from the year 2000 to assess the individual exposure. To establish the accuracy of the exposure assessment using the larger unit of parish, instead of coordinates, we decided to compare the methods.

    Methods: On the analogue map eleven isolines on the deposition of Cs-137 (kBq/m(2)) were used to classify all individuals in each of the 450 parishes. Using the digital map, by contrast, each dwelling with its inhabitants could be matched to Cs-137 deposition at a coordinate level. A population-weighted average of Cs-137 deposition was calculated for each parish. In total, 1,126,960 individuals and 450 parishes were included and analysed into six different exposure categories.

    Results: Using the new parish exposure index, 111 out of the 450 parishes were reclassified as a result of the increased resolution of the digital map (86 parishes) or unequal distribution of the population compared with the deposition (25 parishes). Seventy-five per cent of the parishes remained in the same exposure category as on the analogue map.

    Conclusion: Using dwelling coordinates for exposure assessment may not always be superior to parish classification. Nor is it always a cost-effective way of estimating the exposure, especially if the exposure in a parish is relatively homogenous or if parishes can be merged into broader categories with little intra-parish difference.

  • 35.
    Tondel, Martin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lindgren, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hjalmarsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hardell, Lennart
    Department of Oncology, University Hospital Örebro, Örebro, Sweden.
    Persson, Bodil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Increased incidence of malignancies in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident: a promoting effect?2006In: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, ISSN 0271-3586, Vol. 49, no 3, p. 159-168Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, as much as 5% of the released caesium-137 was deposited in Sweden due to a heavy rainfall 2 days after the event. A study of increased incidence of malignancies was initiated after the accident.

    Methods The cohort included 1,137,106 inhabitants who were 0-60 years old in 1986 and lived in 8 counties of Sweden with the highest fallout of caesium-137. With the dwelling coordinate, GIS-technique and a digital map on caesium-137, each individual was matched for the exposure. Adjustments were made for several potential confounding factors. During the follow-up 33,851 malignancies was recorded 1988-1999.

    Results Exposure categories were: 0-8 (reference), 9-23, 24-43, 44-66, 67-84, and 85 nGy/hr. The corresponding adjusted Mantel-Haenszel incidence rate ratios for total malignancies during follow-up amounted to 1.000, 0.997, 1.072, 1.114, 1.068, 1.125, respectively. The excess relative risk per 100 nGy/hr with the same adjustments and time period was 0.042 95% confidence limit 0.001;0.084. An excess for thyroid cancer or leukemia could not be ruled out.

    Conclusion Increased incidence of total malignancies possibly related to the fallout from the Chernobyl accident is seen.

  • 36.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Jonsson, Frida
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    von Lohneysen, Sarah
    Univ Leipzig, Germany.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Forskningsstrategiska enheten.
    Sjöwall, Christopher
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Medicine Center, Department of Rheumatology.
    Pentraxin-3 detected in human saliva shows limited correlation with biomarkers associated with systemic inflammation2021In: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS), ISSN 0903-4641, E-ISSN 1600-0463, Vol. 129, no 6, p. 304-313Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a conserved protein of the innate immune system which has been less studied than the pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP), but it is of relevance in, for example, vascular pathology and pregnancy morbidities. Since the interest in salivary biomarkers in general is increasing, we asked whether PTX3 could be detected in saliva and if any substantial diurnal variation occurs. In addition, we evaluated association with biomarkers of systemic inflammation (interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 and CRP), body mass index (BMI), smoking, and age. PTX3 in morning and evening saliva from 106 middle-aged participants of the general population was investigated by ELISA and total protein levels by spectrophotometry. PTX3 was detectable in saliva, and concentrations varied over the day with higher morning concentrations, but the PTX3 relative protein levels (percentage of total protein) were significantly higher in the evening. Sex and age did not impact salivary PTX3, but smoking was associated with lower PTX3 levels. BMI correlated positively with PTX3 in evening saliva. There was no general association with biomarkers of systemic inflammation, except for IL-6. Salivary PTX3 likely reflects the local inflammatory milieu, and adjustments for sampling time, smoking habits, and BMI are needed to adequately interpret PTX3 in saliva.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    von Löhneysen, Sarah
    Univ Leipzig, Germany.
    Cobar, Flordelyn
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Karolinska Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Enheten för folkhälsa.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regionledningskontoret, Forskningsstrategiska enheten.
    Sjöwall, Christopher
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Medicine Center, Department of Rheumatology.
    Pronounced Diurnal Pattern of Salivary C-Reactive Protein (CRP) With Modest Associations to Circulating CRP Levels2021In: Frontiers in Immunology, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 11, article id 607166Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    C-reactive protein (CRP), a humoral component of the innate immune system with important functions in host-defense, is extensively used as a sensitive biomarker of systemic inflammation. During inflammation, hepatocyte-derived CRP rises dramatically in the blood due to increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Reliable detection of CRP in saliva, instead of blood, would offer advantages regarding sampling procedure and availability but using saliva as a diagnostic body fluid comes with challenges. The aims of this study were to evaluate associations between salivary CRP, total protein levels in saliva and serum CRP. Furthermore, we examined associations with plasma IL-6, body mass index (BMI), tobacco smoking and age. Salivary CRP was investigated by ELISA in 107 middle-aged participants from the general population. We employed spectrophotometric determination of total protein levels. Correlation analyses were used for associations of salivary CRP with serum CRP (turbidimetry), plasma IL-6 (Luminex(R)), BMI and smoking habits. Salivary median CRP was 68% higher (p=0.009), and total protein levels were 167% higher (p&lt;0.0001), in morning compared to evening saliva. The correlation coefficients between serum and salivary CRP were low to moderate, but stronger for evening than morning saliva. Plasma IL-6 correlated significantly with serum CRP (r(s)=0.41, p&lt;0.01), but not with morning or evening salivary CRP. Non-smokers showed 103% higher salivary CRP levels (p=0.015), whereas serum CRP was independent of smoking status. As opposed to CRP in serum, salivary CRP was not associated with BMI. Salivary CRP was 90% higher among the age interval 60-69 years compared to subjects aged 45-59 (p=0.02) while serum CRP levels did not differ between the age groups. In conclusion, CRP in saliva did not straightforwardly reflect serum concentrations. This raises questions regarding adequate reflection of biological events. The pronounced diurnal salivary CRP pattern accentuates the importance of standardizing the time-point of sampling.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
1 - 37 of 37
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • oxford
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf