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  • 1.
    Lent, Heather
    et al.
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Tatariya, Kushal
    KU Leuven, Belgium.
    Dabre, Raj
    National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan.
    Chen, Yiyi
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Fekete, Marcell
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Ploeger, Esther
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Zhou, Li
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark;University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China.
    Armstrong, Ruth-Ann
    Meta, USA.
    Eijansantos, Abee
    Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Philippines.
    Malau, Catriona
    University of Newcastle, Australia.
    Heje, Hans Erik
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Lavrinovics, Ernests
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Kanojia, Diptesh
    University of Surrey, UK.
    Belony, Paul
    Kean University, USA.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, Artificiell intelligens och integrerade datorsystem. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Grobol, Loïc
    Université Paris Nanterre, France.
    Lhoneux, Miryam de
    KU Leuven, Belgium.
    Hershcovich, Daniel
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    DeGraff, Michel
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.
    Søgaard, Anders
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bjerva, Johannes
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    CreoleVal: Multilingual Multitask Benchmarks for Creoles2024Inngår i: Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, E-ISSN 2307-387X, Vol. 12, s. 950-978Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Creoles represent an under-explored and marginalized group of languages, with few available resources for NLP research. While the genealogical ties between Creoles and a number of highly resourced languages imply a significant potential for transfer learning, this potential is hampered due to this lack of annotated data. In this work we present CreoleVal, a collection of benchmark datasets spanning 8 different NLP tasks, covering up to 28 Creole languages; it is an aggregate of novel development datasets for reading comprehension relation classification, and machine translation for Creoles, in addition to a practical gateway to a handful of preexisting benchmarks. For each benchmark, we conduct baseline experiments in a zero-shot setting in order to further ascertain the capabilities and limitations of transfer learning for Creoles. Ultimately, we see CreoleVal as an opportunity to empower research on Creoles in NLP and computational linguistics, and in general, a step towards more equitable language technology around the globe.

  • 2.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, Artificiell intelligens och integrerade datorsystem. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Schneider, Nathan
    Georgetown University.
    Köhn, Arne
    New Work SE.
    Post, Matt
    Microsoft.
    Two Decades of the ACL Anthology: Development, Impact, and Open Challenges2023Inngår i: Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop for Natural Language Processing Open Source Software (NLP-OSS 2023), Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023, s. 83-94Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The ACL Anthology is a prime resource for research papers within computational linguistics and natural language processing, while continuing to be an open-source and community-driven project. Since Gildea et al. (2018) reported on its state and planned directions, the Anthology has seen major technical changes. We discuss what led to these changes and how they impact long-term maintainability and community engagement, describe which open-source data and software tools the Anthology currently provides, and provide a survey of literature that has used the Anthology as a main data source.

  • 3.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Søgaard, Anders
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Error Analysis and the Role of Morphology2021Inngår i: Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021, s. 1887-1900Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We evaluate two common conjectures in error analysis of NLP models: (i) Morphology is predictive of errors; and (ii) the importance of morphology increases with the morphological complexity of a language. We show across four different tasks and up to 57 languages that of these conjectures, somewhat surprisingly, only (i) is true. Using morphological features does improve error prediction across tasks; however, this effect is less pronounced with morphologically complex languages. We speculate this is because morphology is more discriminative in morphologically simple languages. Across all four tasks, case and gender are the morphological features most predictive of error.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 4.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Aralikatte, Rahul
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Murrieta Bello, Héctor
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Hershcovich, Daniel
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    de Lhoneux, Miryam
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Søgaard, Anders
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Moses and the Character-Based Random Babbling Baseline: CoAStaL at AmericasNLP 2021 Shared Task2021Inngår i: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Indigenous Languages of the Americas, 2021, s. 248-254Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We evaluated a range of neural machine translation techniques developed specifically for low-resource scenarios. Unsuccessfully. In the end, we submitted two runs: (i) a standard phrase-based model, and (ii) a random babbling baseline using character trigrams. We found that it was surprisingly hard to beat (i), in spite of this model being, in theory, a bad fit for polysynthetic languages; and more interestingly, that (ii) was better than several of the submitted systems, highlighting how difficult low-resource machine translation for polysynthetic languages is.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 5.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Elliott, Desmond
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    On Forgetting to Cite Older Papers: An Analysis of the ACL Anthology2020Inngår i: Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020, s. 7819-7827Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The field of natural language processing is experiencing a period of unprecedented growth, and with it a surge of published papers. This represents an opportunity for us to take stock of how we cite the work of other researchers, and whether this growth comes at the expense of “forgetting” about older literature. In this paper, we address this question through bibliographic analysis. By looking at the age of outgoing citations in papers published at selected ACL venues between 2010 and 2019, we find that there is indeed a tendency for recent papers to cite more recent work, but the rate at which papers older than 15 years are cited has remained relatively stable.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    A Large-Scale Comparison of Historical Text Normalization Systems2019Inngår i: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers), Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019, s. 3885-3898Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    There is no consensus on the state-of-the-art approach to historical text normalization. Many techniques have been proposed, including rule-based methods, distance metrics, character-based statistical machine translation, and neural encoder–decoder models, but studies have used different datasets, different evaluation methods, and have come to different conclusions. This paper presents the largest study of historical text normalization done so far. We critically survey the existing literature and report experiments on eight languages, comparing systems spanning all categories of proposed normalization techniques, analysing the effect of training data quantity, and using different evaluation methods. The datasets and scripts are made publicly available.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 7.
    Bollmann, Marcel
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Korchagina, Natalia
    University of Zurich, Switzerland.
    Søgaard, Anders
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Few-Shot and Zero-Shot Learning for Historical Text Normalization2019Inngår i: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Deep Learning Approaches for Low-Resource NLP (DeepLo 2019), Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019, s. 104-114Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Historical text normalization often relies on small training datasets. Recent work has shown that multi-task learning can lead to significant improvements by exploiting synergies with related datasets, but there has been no systematic study of different multi-task learning architectures. This paper evaluates 63 multi-task learning configurations for sequence-to-sequence-based historical text normalization across ten datasets from eight languages, using autoencoding, grapheme-to-phoneme mapping, and lemmatization as auxiliary tasks. We observe consistent, significant improvements across languages when training data for the target task is limited, but minimal or no improvements when training data is abundant. We also show that zero-shot learning outperforms the simple, but relatively strong, identity baseline.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
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