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  • 1.
    Cieślar-Pobuda, Artur
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
    Vilas Jain, Mayur
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Rzeszowska-Wolny, Joanna
    Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
    Ghavami, Saeid
    Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada.
    Wiechec, Emilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    The expression pattern of PFKFB3 enzyme distinguishes between induced-pluripotent stem cells and cancer stem cells.2015Inngår i: Oncotarget, E-ISSN 1949-2553, Vol. 6, nr 30, s. 29753--29770Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have become crucial in medicine and biology. Several studies indicate their phenotypic similarities with cancer stem cells (CSCs) and a propensity to form tumors. Thus it is desirable to identify a trait which differentiates iPS populations and CSCs. Searching for such a feature, in this work we compare the restriction (R) point-governed regulation of cell cycle progression in different cell types (iPS, cancer, CSC and normal cells) based on the expression profile of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase3 (PFKFB3) and phosphofructokinase (PFK1). Our study reveals that PFKFB3 and PFK1 expression allows discrimination between iPS and CSCs. Moreover, cancer and iPS cells, when cultured under hypoxic conditions, alter their expression level of PFKFB3 and PFK1 to resemble those in CSCs. We also observed cell type-related differences in response to inhibition of PFKFB3. This possibility to distinguish CSC from iPS cells or non-stem cancer cells by PFKB3 and PFK1 expression improves the outlook for clinical application of stem cell-based therapies and for more precise detection of CSCs.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 2.
    Fossum, M.
    et al.
    Department of Woman and Child Health, Paediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svensson, J.
    Department of Woman and Child Health, Paediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Nordenskjold, A.
    Nordenskjöld, A., Department of Woman and Child Health, Paediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Autologous in vitro cultured urothelium in hypospadias repair{star, open}2007Inngår i: Journal of Pediatric Urology, ISSN 1477-5131, Vol. 3, nr 1, s. 10-18Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To treat severe hypospadias with a transplant of autologous in vitro cultured urothelial cells on acellular dermis. Patients and methods: During 2000-2002 six patients aged 14-44 months with severe hypospadias were treated surgically with autologous urothelial cell transplants. All were born with scrotal or perineal hypospadias and pronounced chordee. All patients were subjected to a two-staged procedure starting with repair of the chordee. Urothelial cell harvesting via bladder lavage was performed during the first operation. The neourethra was constructed by using a transplant with cultured urothelium in an on-lay fashion. Patients have been followed 3-5.5 years. Results: All six boys are voiding through their neourethra without straining and have no residual urine after micturition. Five patients are using a standing voiding position and present bell shaped, urinary flow curves. One developed a stricture treated conservatively with persisting good effect (after more than 5 years). Two developed a fistula requiring surgical correction that was uneventful. The last patient developed an obstruction in the proximal anastomosis that was treated with an internal urethrotomy. Cosmetic appearance is good in all cases with good parental satisfaction. Urethroscopy in all patients show a wide penile neourethra. Biopsies indicate a mucosal lining consisting of urothelial cells in three cases. Conclusion: This technique is feasible for treatment of a selected group of hypospadias where pronounced chordee and shortage of preputial and penile skin complicates the creation of a neourethra. It may have other clinical implications including disorders such as bladder exstrophy and cloacal malformations, as well as mutilating traumatic injuries or cancer therapy. © 2006 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company.

  • 3. Fossum, Magdalena
    et al.
    Gustafson, Carl-Johan
    Nordenskjöld, Agneta
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Isolation and in vitro cultivation of human urothelial cells from bladder washings of adult patients and children2003Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, ISSN 0284-4311, E-ISSN 1651-2073, Vol. 37, s. 41-45Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 4.
    Fossum, Magdalena
    et al.
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital.
    Lundberg, Fredrik
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital.
    Holmberg, Kerstin
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital.
    Schoumans, Jacqueline
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Nordenskjöld, Agneta
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Experimental Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.
    Long-term culture of human urothelial cells: a qualitative analysis2005Inngår i: Cells Tissues Organs, ISSN 1422-6405, E-ISSN 1422-6421, Vol. 181, nr 1, s. 11-22Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Today, in vitro culturing of autologous cells is an established method in the field of tissue reconstruction. It can be applied to urothelial cells and could have many clinical implications in urological reconstructive surgery. This development calls for quality controls concerning cells used for clinical treatment when cells are autotransplanted back to the patient. We have studied cultured cells in order to detect whether genetic or morphologic changes occur. Urothelial cells isolated from bladder lavage were cultured according to different protocols based on the presence or absence of feeder cells. Genetic studies were performed by means of karyotyping with standard G-banding and interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses. The morphology of these epithelial cells was judged as well as immunostaining for epithelial cell markers. In addition, to minimize the risk of feeder cell contamination, proliferation studies were performed on cultures including feeder cells that had been pretreated with different doses of mitomycin or radiation. In initial studies, when using feeder cells in each passage according to standard protocols, urothelial cells proliferated unfavourably after the fourth passage with increasing numbers of mouse cells as well as urothelial tetraploid cells. We could also show that urothelial cells from bladder lavage need feeder cells in order to establish primary cultures. Further propagation up to 14 passages was performed without feeder cells and the urothelial cells retained normal karyotypes. We also found that mitomycin treatment had its main effect on feeder cells during the first 2 h. When feeder cells were irradiated, 20 Gy was effective and no feeder cell contamination was seen. In conclusion, we found that a high standard of quality in urothelial cell culturing can be achieved with a careful culturing technique.

  • 5. Fossum, Magdalena
    et al.
    Nordenskjöld, Agneta
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Engineering of multilayered urinary tissue in vitro2004Inngår i: Tissue engineering, ISSN 1076-3279, E-ISSN 1557-8690, Vol. 10, s. 175-180Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 6.
    Fredriksson, Camilla
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Accumulation of Silver and Delayed Re-epithelialization in Normal Human Skin: An ex-vivo Study of Different Silver Dressings2009Inngår i: WOUNDS-A COMPENDIUM OF CLINICAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, ISSN 1044-7946, Vol. 21, nr 5, s. 116-123Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Silver is commonly used in wound dressings and topical formulations to assist in the management of wounds that are infected or at risk of becoming infected. They provide potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, but should not cause sustained staining of the skin, dermal or systemic accumulation of silver, or discomfort to the patient. However, clinicians and healthcare personnel have been concerned about topical staining of the skin and complaints of additional pain from patients treated with certain silver dressings. Some delay in re-epithelialization has also been noticed and reported. The reasons for this are not clear, and the authors believed further study regarding the possible effects of silver accumulation and silver dressings effect on re-epithelialization was required. The authors studied possible silver accumulation and re-epithelialization in normal human dermal skin. The results showed that most of the dressings or treatments discolored the wound surface and that there was a dermal accumulation of what were assumed to be silver particles. Varying grades of accumulation were found in deep dermal tissue, particularly around blood vessels, depending on the dressing used. The results also indicated that all of the tested products delayed re-epithelialization in this model.

  • 7.
    Fredriksson, Camilla
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Transplantation of cultured human keratinocytes in single cell suspension: a comparative in vitro study of different application techniques2008Inngår i: Burns, ISSN 0305-4179, E-ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 34, nr 2, s. 212-219Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Transplantation of autologous cultured keratinocytes in single cell suspension is useful in the treatment of burns. The reduced time needed for culture, and the fact that keratinocytes in suspension can be transported from the laboratory to the patient in small vials, thus reducing the costs involved and be stored (frozen) in the clinic for transplantation when the wound surfaces are ready, makes it appealing. We found few published data in the literature about actual cell survival after transplantation of keratinocytes in single cell suspension and so did a comparative in vitro study, considering commonly used application techniques. Human primary keratinocytes were transplanted in vitro in a standard manner using different techniques. Keratinocytes were counted before and after transplantation, were subsequently allowed to proliferate, and counted again on days 4, 8, and 14 by vital staining. Cell survival varied, ranging from 47% to >90%, depending on the technique. However, the proliferation assays showed that the differences in numbers diminished after 8 days of culture. Our findings indicate that a great number of cells die during transplantation but that this effect is diminished if cells are allowed to proliferate in an optimal milieu. A burned patient’s wounds cannot be regarded as the optimal milieu, and using less harsh methods of transplantation may increase the take rate and wound closing properties of autologous keratinocytes transplanted in a single cell suspension.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 8.
    Garvin, Stina
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Nilsson, Ulrika W.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Huss, Fredrik R. M.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Dabrosin, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Estradiol increases VEGF in normal human breast studied by whole-tissue culture2006Inngår i: Cell Tissue Research, ISSN 0302-766X, Vol. 325, nr 2, s. 245-251Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Sex steroid exposure constitutes a risk factor for breast cancer, but little is known about the effects of sex steroids on the normal breast, largely because of the lack of convenient models. We have developed a method of culturing normal breast tissue ex vivo. We have applied this method to investigate the effects of estradiol and progesterone on the key angiogenic mediator, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the breast. Whole breast tissue was obtained from routine reduction mammoplasty. Tissue biopsies were cultured in vitro for 1–3 weeks, and the expression of luminal cytokeratin 18 was determined by immunohistochemistry. As an application, tissue biopsies were treated in vitro for 1 week with or without estradiol or estradiol and progesterone. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki–67 were analyzed, and VEGF levels were examined by quantitative immunoassay and immunohistochemistry. Whole breast tissue was cultured ex vivo for 1 week with preserved morphology. Increased detachment of the luminal epithelium was observed after 2 weeks. Estradiol increased extracellular levels of VEGF in normal breast tissue biopsy medium. The addition of progesterone had neither stimulatory nor inhibitory effects on secreted VEGF. The method of whole breast tissue culturing thus provide a means by which to explore the biology of normal breast tissue. Our results suggest that estradiol exerts pro-angiogenic effects in normal breast by increasing levels of biologically active VEGF.

  • 9. Gustafson, Carl-Johan
    et al.
    Birgisson, Agust
    Junker, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Salemark, Lars
    Johnson, Hans
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Employing human keratinocytes cultured on macroporous gelatin spheres to treat full thickness-wounds: An in vivo study on athymic rats2007Inngår i: Burns, ISSN 0305-4179, E-ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 33, nr 6, s. 726-735Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Providing cutaneous wounds with sufficient epidermis to prevent infections and fluid loss is one of the most challenging tasks associated with surgical treatment of burns. Recently, application of cultured keratinocytes in this context has allowed this challenge to be met without several of the limitations connected with the use of split-thickness skin grafts. The continuous development of this novel approach has now revealed that transplantation of cultured autologous keratinocytes as single-cell suspensions exhibits several advantages over the use of cultured epidermal grafts. However, a number of methodological problems remain to be solved, primarily with regards to the complexity of culturing these cells, loss of viability and other negative effects during their preparation and transportation, the relatively long period of time required following transplantation to obtain a sufficiently protective epidermis. In the present investigation we attempted to eliminate these limitations by culturing the keratinocytes on macroporous gelatin spheres. Accordingly, the efficacies of normal human keratinocytes in single-cell suspension or growing on macroporous gelatin spheres, as well as of split-thickness skin grafts in healing wounds on athymic rats were compared. Human keratinocytes were found to adhere and proliferate efficiently both on the surface and within the pores of such spheres. Transplantation of such cells adherent to the spheres resulted in significantly more rapid formation of a stratified epidermis than did transplantation of single-cell suspensions or spheres alone. Twenty-three days after transplantation, the epidermis formed from the cells bound to the spheres was not as thick as the epidermis on wounds covered with split-thickness skin grafts, but significantly thicker than on wounds to which single-cell suspensions, spheres alone or no transplant at all was applied. Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridisation revealed that the transplanted keratinocytes, both those adherent to gelatin spheres and those in single-cell suspension, were components of the newly formed epidermis. These findings indicate that application of biodegradable macroporous spheres may prove to be of considerable value in designing cell-based therapies for the treatment of acute and persistent wounds. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI.

  • 10. Heilborn, Johan D
    et al.
    Frohm Nilsson, Margareta
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Weber, Günther
    Sörensen, Ole
    Borregaard, Niels
    Ståhle-Bäckdahl, Mona
    The cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide LL-37 is involved in re-epithelialization of human skin wounds and is lacking in chronic ulcer epithelium2003Inngår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 120, s. 379-389Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 11.
    Huss, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Erlandsson, Ulf
    Cooray, Vernon
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Sjöberg, Folke
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Blixtolyckor - mix av elektriskt, termiskt och multipelt trauma2004Inngår i: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 101, s. 2328-2331Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 12.
    Huss, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Kirurgisk behandling av svårläkta sår2005Inngår i: Nordisk geriatrik, ISSN 1403-2082, nr 1, s. 30-35Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 13.
    Huss, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken med brännskadeenheten.
    Nyman, Erika
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken med brännskadeenheten.
    Bolin, Johanna S C
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken med brännskadeenheten.
    Use of macroporous gelatine spheres as a biodegradable scaffold for guided tissue regeneration of healthy dermis in humans: An in vivo study2010Inngår i: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, ISSN 1748-6815, E-ISSN 1878-0539, Vol. 63, nr 5, s. 848-857Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    If a biodegradable scaffold is applied, the dermis can be regenerated by guided tissue regeneration. Scaffolds can stimulate in-growth of cells from the surroundings that migrate into them and start to produce autologous extracellular matrix as the scaffold is degraded. Several materials are available, but most of them are in the form of sheets and need to be laid on an open wound surface. A number of injectable fillers have been developed to correct soft-tissue defects. However, none of these has been used for guided tissue regeneration. We present a new technique that could possibly be used to correct dermal defects by using macroporous gelatine spheres as a biodegradable scaffold for guided tissue regeneration. In eight healthy volunteers, intradermal injections of macroporous gelatine spheres were compared with injections of saline and hyaluronic acid (Restylane (R)). Full-thickness skin biopsy specimens of the implants and surrounding tissue were removed 2, 8, 12 and 26 weeks after injection, and the (immuno) histological results were analysed. The Restylane (R) merely occupied space. It shattered the dermal tissue and compressed collagen fibres and cells at the interface between the implant and the dermis. No regeneration of tissue was found with this material at any time. The macroporous gelatine spheres were populated with fibroblasts already after 2 weeks. After 8 weeks the spheres were completely populated by fibroblasts producing dermal tissue. After 12 and 26 weeks, the gelatine spheres had been more or less completely resorbed and replaced by vascularised neodermis. There were no signs of capsular formation, rejection or adverse events in any subject. Further in vivo studies in humans are needed to evaluate the effect of the macroporous spheres fully as a matrix for guided tissue regeneration with and without cellular pre-seeding. However, the results of this study indicate the possibility of using macroporous gelatine spheres as an injectable, three-dimensional, degradable matrix for guided tissue regeneration.

  • 14.
    Huss, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Nyman, Erika
    Gustafson, Carl-Johan
    Gisselfält, Katrin
    Liljensten, Elisabeth
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Characterisation of a new degradable polymer scaffold for regeneration of the dermis: In vitro and in vivo human studies2008Inngår i: Organogenesis, ISSN 1547-6278, Vol. 4, nr 3, s. 195-200Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Full thickness skin wounds in humans heal with scars, but without regeneration of the dermis. A degradable poly(urethane urea) scaffold (PUUR), Artelon® is already used to reinforce soft tissues in orthopaedics, and for treatment of osteoarthritis of the hand, wrist and foot. In this paper we have done in vitro experiments followed by in vivo studies to find out whether the PUUR is biocompatible and usable as a template for dermal regeneration. Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured on discs of PUUR, with different macrostructures (fibrous and porous). They adhered to and migrated into the scaffolds, and produced collagen. The porous scaffold was judged more suitable for clinical applications and 4 mm Ø, 2 mm-thick discs of porous scaffold (12% w/w or 9% w/w polymer solution) were inserted intradermally in four healthy human volunteers. The implants were well tolerated and increasing ingrowth of fibroblasts was seen over time in all subjects. The fibroblasts stained immunohistochemically for procollagen and von Willebrand factor, indicating neocollagenesis and angiogenesis within the scaffolds. The PUUR scaffold may be a suitable material to use as a template for dermal regeneration. ©2008 Landes Bioscience.

  • 15.
    Huss, Fredrik R.M.
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Junker, Johan P.E.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Johnson, Hans
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Kirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Macroporous gelatine spheres as culture substrate, transplantation vehicle, and biodegradable scaffold for guided regeneration of soft tissues.: In vivo study in nude mice2007Inngår i: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, ISSN 1748-6815, Vol. 60, nr 5, s. 543-555Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In the course of development of a new type of filler for the correction of small defects in soft tissues we studied macroporous gelatine spheres as culture substrate, transplantation vehicle, and biodegradable scaffold for guided regeneration of soft tissues in vivo. We injected intradermally in nude mice gelatine spheres that had either been preseeded with human fibroblasts or preadipocytes, or left unseeded. We compared the extent of regenerated tissue with that found after injections of saline or single-cell suspensions of human fibroblasts or preadipocytes. Routine histological examinations and immunohistochemical staining for von Willebrand factor (indicating neoangiogenesis) were made after 7, 21, and 56 days. Injected saline or single-cell suspensions had no effect. However, a quick and thorough tissue regeneration with developing neoangiogenesis was elicited by the gelatine spheres and the effect of spheres preseeded with preadipocytes surpassed the effect of spheres preseeded with fibroblasts, which in turn surpassed the effect of unseeded gelatine spheres. We suggest that minor soft tissue defects such as wrinkles or creases can be corrected by injection of naked macroporous gelatine spheres, whereas larger defects are best corrected by injection of macroporous gelatine spheres preseeded with fibroblasts, or preadipocytes, or both.

  • 16.
    Huss, Fredrik R.M.
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Adipose tissue processed for lipoinjection shows increased cellular survival in vitro when tissue engineering principles are applied: Culture techniques and survival of fat2002Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, ISSN 0284-4311, Vol. 36, nr 3, s. 166-171Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Correcting soft tissue defects by autologous fat grafting is a routine procedure in plastic surgery. Its efficacy and safety has been discussed extensively and several techniques of lipoinjection have been developed. However, one is bound to overcorrect by 30%-70% or need to repeat the procedure because of resorption of the transplant. The reasons are that many of the transplanted cells are already differentiated, and also that there is no nutritional support to the inner cell layers when they are transplanted as fragments. By culturing autologous adipocytes one can ensure that only non-differentiated, but committed, preadipocytes are transplanted and the procedure can be done in a way that ensures optimal nutritional support for the cells. In the present study we have compared our cell culture technique with two common clinical ways of processing liposuction material and found that (pre)adipocytes survive and proliferate significantly better in cell culture.

  • 17.
    Huss, Fredrik R.M.
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Mammary epithelial cell and adipocyte co-culture in a 3-D matrix: The first step towards tissue-engineered human breast tissue2001Inngår i: Cells Tissues Organs, ISSN 1422-6405, Vol. 169, nr 4, s. 361-367Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Reconstruction of the female breast after cancer surgery is a demanding task where the methods used today suffer from several disadvantages. In the present study we have investigated the possibility to use tissue engineering methods to regenerate human autologous breast tissue. Human mammary epithelial cells and preadipocytes were derived from breast tissue biopsies from healthy women undergoing reduction mammoplasty, and the two celltypes were co-cultured with conventional cell culture methods as well as in 3-D matrices. The study shows that it is possible to harvest both human mammary epithelial cells and preadipocytes in a single session, propagate several subcultures, and that the cells maintain a normal intercellular distribution and growth-pattern when co-cultured in a 3-D collagen gel. We propose that growth and formation of a tissue closely resembling normal human breast tissue be readily obtained in the described in vitro cell culture set-up using basic tissue engineering principles. This concept may be of great importance in the development of new methods for reconstruction of the human breast.

  • 18.
    Huss, Fredrik R.M.
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    (Svensson) Nyman, Erika
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bolin, Johanna S.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Use of macroporous gelatine spheres as a biodegradable scaffold for guided tissue regeneration in humans: An in vivo study2005Inngår i: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, ISSN 1748-6815Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 19.
    Jangamreddy, Jaganmohan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ghavami, Saeid
    University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
    Grabarek, Jerzy
    Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Regenerativ medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Wiechec, Emilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Regenerativ medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Fredriksson, Bengt-Arne
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rao, Rama K.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Cieślar-Pobuda, Artur
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Regenerativ medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Panigrahi, Soumya
    Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
    Łos, Marek
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Regenerativ medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Salinomycin induces activation of autophagy, mitophagy and affects mitochondrial polarity: Differences between primary and cancer cells2013Inngår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research, ISSN 0167-4889, E-ISSN 1879-2596, Vol. 1833, nr 9, s. 2057-2069Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The molecular mechanism of Salinomycin's toxicity is not fully understood. Various studies reported that Ca2 +, cytochrome c, and caspase activation play a role in Salinomycin-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, Salinomycin may target Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote differentiation and thus elimination of cancer stem cells. In this study, we show a massive autophagic response to Salinomycin (substantially stronger than to commonly used autophagic inducer Rapamycin) in prostrate-, breast cancer cells, and to lesser degree in human normal dermal fibroblasts. Interestingly, autophagy induced by Salinomycin is a cell protective mechanism in all tested cancer cell lines. Furthermore, Salinomycin induces mitophagy, mitoptosis and increased mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψ) in a subpopulation of cells. Salinomycin strongly, and in time-dependent manner decreases cellular ATP level. Contrastingly, human normal dermal fibroblasts treated with Salinomycin show some initial decrease in mitochondrial mass, however they are largely resistant to Salinomycin-triggered ATP-depletion. Our data provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of preferential toxicity of Salinomycin towards cancer cells, and suggest possible clinical application of Salinomycin in combination with autophagy inhibitors (i.e. clinically-used Chloroquine). Furthermore, we discuss preferential Salinomycins toxicity in the context of Warburg effect.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Junker, J P E
    et al.
    Harvard University.
    Lonnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Karlsson, L K
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Grenegard, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Farmakologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Endothelial differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts in JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, vol 6, issue SI, pp 149-1492012Inngår i: JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, John Wiley and Sons , 2012, Vol. 6, nr SI, s. 149-149Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 21.
    Junker, J P
    et al.
    Harvard University.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Karlsson, L K
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Grenegård, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Farmakologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    ENDOTHELIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS in WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION, vol 20, issue 2, pp A27-A272012Inngår i: WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION, Wiley-Blackwell , 2012, Vol. 20, nr 2, s. A27-A27Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 22.
    Junker, Johan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Karlsson, Lisa K.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Grenegård, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts towards endothelial cells2013Inngår i: Differentiation, ISSN 0301-4681, E-ISSN 1432-0436, Vol. 85, nr 3, s. 67-77Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The ultimate goal of vascular tissue engineering is the production of functional grafts for clinical use. Difficulties acquiring autologous endothelial cells have motivated the search for alternative cell sources. Differentiation of dermal fibroblasts towards several mesenchymal lineages as well as endothelial cells has been proposed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the endothelial differentiation capacity of human dermal fibroblasts on a gene expression, protein expression and functional physiological level. Endothelial differentiation of fibroblasts was induced by culturing cells in 30% human serum, but not in fetal calf serum. Expression of proteins and genes relevant for endothelial function and differentiation was increased after induction. Furthermore, fibroblasts exposed to 30% human serum displayed increased uptake of low-density lipoprotein and formation of capillary-like networks. The results of this study may have an impact on cell sourcing for vascular tissue engineering, and the development of methods for vascularization of autologous tissue engineered constructs.

  • 23.
    Junker, Johan P E
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Camilla
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Tollbäck, Anna
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Mechanical tension stimulates the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in human burn scars2008Inngår i: Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries, ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 34, nr 7, s. 942-6Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Scar formation as a result of burn wounds leads to contraction of the formed granulation tissue, which causes both aesthetic and functional impairment for the patient. Currently, the main treatment methods focus on stretching to prevent tissue contraction. The myofibroblasts play a key role in the contraction of granulation tissue during scar formation, but their presence should normally decrease after wound re-epithelialization. In hypertrophic scars the myofibroblasts persist and is believed to cause further hypertrophy. Previous studies have shown that mechanical tension leads to increased myofibroblast numbers in granulation tissue. In order to evaluate the effect mechanical tension as a result of stretching has on the number of myofibroblasts in burn wound scars, an in vitro model was used. This model used human burn scar biopsies which were stretched and examined after 1 and 6 days to evaluate the effect on the number of myofibroblasts. The stretching caused an increase in the number of myofibroblasts after mechanical stimulation. This indicates that mechanical stimulation using stretching induces fibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation, thus underlining the importance of further investigations of optimal methods of this regime for treating burn scars.

  • 24.
    Junker, Johan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Johnson, Hans
    Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Gene Expression Analysis of Adipogenic, Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Induced Human Dermal FibroblastsManuskript (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of adult stem cells in tissue engineering applications is a promising alternativewhen the possibility of acquiring autologous cells for transplantation is limited. Even so, theadult stem cell populations identified up to this point are far from optimal in aspects ofharvest and culture expansion. With the recent suggestion of stem cell plasticity inherent inhuman dermal fibroblasts, a new plausible candidate for use as cell source in tissuereconstruction has emerged. Fibroblast cultures can be induced to differentiate towardsadipocyte, chondrocyte and osteoblast-like cells in vitro, by the use of induction media. Thepresent works utilizes Affymetrix full expression micro array to identify if genes commonlyexpressed in stem cells differentiating towards the above-mentioned lineages also areexpressed in induced fibroblasts. Several genes important for differentiation andmaintenance of an adipose, cartilage or bone phenotype were found up-regulated in theinduced cultures. The results presented here provide further evidence for the plasticity ofhuman dermal fibroblasts, and their possible use in tissue engineering and reconstructivesurgery.

  • 25.
    Junker, Johan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Sommar, Pehr
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Skog, Mårten
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Johnson, Hans
    Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen , Norway.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Adipogenic, Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of ClonallyDerived Human Dermal Fibroblasts2010Inngår i: Cells Tissues Organs, ISSN 1422-6405, E-ISSN 1422-6421, Vol. 191, nr 2, s. 105-118Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The apparent need of an autologous cell source for tissueengineering applications has led researchers to explore thepresence of cells with stem cell plasticity in several humantissues. Dermal fibroblasts (FBs) are easy to harvest, expandin vitro and store, rendering them plausible candidates forcell-based therapies. The aim of the present study was toobserve the effects of adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenicinduction media on the phenotype of human FBs.Human preadipocytes obtained from fat tissue have beenproposed as an adult stem cell source with suitable characteristics,and were used as control cells in regard to their differentiationpotential. Routine staining, immunohistochemicalanalysis and alkaline phosphatase assay were employed,in order to study the phenotypic shift. FBs were shown topossess multilineage potential, giving rise to fat-, cartilageandbone-like cells. To exclude contaminant progenitor cellsor cell fusion giving rise to tissue with adipocyte-, chondrocyte-and osteoblast-like cells, single-cell cloning was performed.Single-cell-cloned FBs (sccFBs) displayed a similardifferentiation potential as primary-culture FBs. The pres-ence of ‘stem-cell-specific’ surface antigens was analyzedusing flow cytometry. The results reveal that sccFBs haveseveral of the markers associated with cells exhibiting stemcell plasticity. The findings presented here are corroboratedby the findings of other groups, and suggest the use of humandermal FBs in cell-based therapies for the reconstructionof fat, cartilage and bone.

  • 26.
    Karlsson, Lisa K.
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Junker, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Grenegård, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Farmakologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Single-Cell Clone Fibroblasts Have theCapacity to Alter Their Phenotype Towardsan Endothelial-Like Cell type2009Inngår i: European Cells and Materials, ISSN 1473-2262, E-ISSN 1473-2262Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigated the capacity of normal human dermal fibroblasts to alter their phenotype into an endothelialcell-like phenotype. By utilising in vitro cell culture models, the part played by different types of serum andmedium constituents in inducing a phenotypic change of fibroblasts was investigated. The experiments usedprimary cultures of human endothelial cells, human dermal fibroblasts and single-cell clone fibroblasts. Thelatter cell type was obtained by clonal expansion using a micromanipulator technique. The results showed thatthe presence of human serum in the cell culture medium caused both types of fibroblasts to express vonWillebrand factor, to incorporate fluorochrome-labelled LDL, and to start forming capillary-like networks in asimilar way to endothelial cells. The phenotypic shift was detectable after 4 days of cell culture and reached amaximum after 7-10 days. To our knowledge this is the first report to describe differentiation of humanfibroblasts towards an endothelial cell-like phenotype. The results also show that the underlying mechanism ofthe phenotypic shift is a change in gene expression in the dermal fibroblasts and not fusion between different celltypes. Collectively, the present results indicate that human dermal fibroblasts may be a novel cell source forcreating vascular endothelium.

  • 27.
    Karlsson, Lisa K
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Junker, Johan P E
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Grenegård, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Farmakologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Human Dermal Fibroblasts: A Potential Cell Source for Endothelialization of Vascular Grafts2009Inngår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery, ISSN 0890-5096, E-ISSN 1615-5947, Vol. 23, nr 5, s. 663-674Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been an intense ongoing search for suitable cell sources for vascular tissue engineering. Previous studies report that cells with multilineage potential have been found within the connective stroma of the skin. In line with this, preliminary data from our group suggest that human dermal fibroblasts have the capacity to alter their phenotype into an endothelial cell-like phenotype in vitro. As a first step in using these cells in vascular tissue engineering, we investigated their ability to form an endothelial cell-like layer on a scaffold in vitro. Furthermore, we studied the possibility of seeding dermal fibroblasts on a scaffold and later commencing with induction toward an endothelial cell-like phenotype. METHODS: Cells cultured in either normal fibroblast medium or endothelial induction medium were seeded on a gelatin-based scaffold. To study the organization of cells, routine staining was performed. Differentiation was confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry with antibodies directed toward molecules commonly used to identify endothelial cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our data support that human dermal fibroblasts differentiated toward endothelial cell-like cells prior to seeding showed histological resemblance to mature endothelial cells, while fibroblasts seeded and later induced into endothelial differentiation grew in multilayer. However, expression of various surface molecules indicative of an endothelial phenotype was seen using both techniques. In conclusion, the results presented in this study indicate that human dermal fibroblasts differentiated toward an endothelial cell-like phenotype may be a novel cell source for endothelialization of vascular grafts.

  • 28.
    Kjölhede, Anders
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för Kirurgi, Ortopedi och Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Centrum för kirurgi, ortopedi och cancervård, Kirurgiska kliniken US.
    Cornelius, F.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för Kirurgi, Ortopedi och Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Metoidioplasty and groin flap phalloplasty as two surgical methods for the creation of a neophallus in female-to-male gender-confirming surgery: A retrospective study comprising 123 operated patients2019Inngår i: JPRAS Open, E-ISSN 2352-5878, Vol. 22, s. 1-8Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In gender-confirming surgery of the female-to-male gender dysphoric patient, there is currently no ideal method for the creation of a neophallus. Historically, in our clinic, groin flap phalloplasty (GFP) has been the dominating method, but during the last 20 years, it has gradually been replaced with metoidioplasty (MP). The aim of this study was to investigate whether this change of method has influenced factors such as the frequency of complications and the number of operations needed to complete the reconstruction of the neophallus.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Body parts from the laboratory bench2005Inngår i: British Journal of Surgery, ISSN 0007-1323, E-ISSN 1365-2168, Vol. 92, nr 4, s. 385-386Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Throughout 2005, BJS will publish a series of leading articles highlighting areas where laboratory science is likely to change clinical practice in the near future. In this, the first article of the series, Professor Gunnar Kratz, a plastic surgeon, explores the clinical possibilities that have arisen from tissue engineering research.

  • 30.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Avdelningen för kirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Facial transplantation... playground or medical achievement?2007Inngår i: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 104, nr 4, s. 204-205Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 31.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Asko-Seljavaara, Sirpa
    Department of Plastic Surgery, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
    Plastic Surgery2003Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery, ISSN 1457-4969, E-ISSN 1799-7267, Vol. 92, s. 239-239Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 32.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Tissue engineering - body parts from the Petri dish2003Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery, ISSN 1457-4969, E-ISSN 1799-7267, Vol. 92, s. 241-247Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 33.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Briheim, Kristina
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Degradable gelatin microcarriers for cell delivery to cutaneous wounds and enhanced wound healing in JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, vol 6, issue SI, pp 94-942012Inngår i: JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, John Wiley and Sons , 2012, Vol. 6, nr SI, s. 94-94Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 34.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Briheim, Kristina
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Non-occlusive topical exposure of human skin in vitro as model for cytotoxicity testing of irritant compounds2016Inngår i: Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, ISSN 1537-6516, E-ISSN 1537-6524, Vol. 26, nr 2, s. 82-87Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Testing of irritant compounds has traditionally been performed on animals and human volunteers. Animal testing should always be restricted and for skin irritancy mice and rabbits hold poor predictive value for irritant potential in humans. Irritant testing on human volunteers is restricted by the duration subjects can be exposed, and by the subjectivity of interpreting the visual signs of skin irritation. We propose an irritant testing system using viable human full thickness skin with the loss of cell viability in the exposed skin area as end point measurement. Skin was exposed to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at 20% concentration by non-occluded topical exposure to establish a positive control response and subsequent test compounds were statistically compared with the 20% SDS response. Cell viability and metabolism were measured with 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The model presents correlation between increased concentration of SDS and decreased viability of cells in the exposed skin area (R2 = 0.76). We propose the model to be used for cytotoxicity testing of irritant compounds. With fully intact barrier function, the model comprises all cells present in the skin with quantifiable end point measurement.

  • 35.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Emanuelsson, Peter
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Influence of acidic pH on keratinocyte function and re-epithelialisation of human in vitro wounds2015Inngår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, ISSN 2000-656X, E-ISSN 2000-6764, Vol. 49, nr 6, s. 346-352Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Chronic wounds are one of the greatest challenges for the healthcare system. Today, a plethora of dressings are used in the treatment of these wounds, each with specific influence on the wound environment. Due to differences in the permeability of the dressings the use will result in differences in the pH balance in the wound bed. However, little is known about how changes in the pH in the wound environment affect the different phases of the healing process. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acidic pH on the regeneration phase by studying keratinocyte function in vitro and re-epithelialisation in an in vitro model of human skin. Results:In vitro assays showed reduced viability and migration rates in human keratinocytes when pH was lowered. Real time PCR revealed differential expression of genes related to wound healing and environmental impairment. Tissue culture showed no re-epithelialisation of wounds subjected to pH 5.0 and moderate re-epithelialisation at pH 6.0, compared to controls at pH 7.4. Conclusion: The results indicate that lowering pH down to pH 5.0 in wounds is counterproductive in aspect of keratinocyte function which is crucial for successful wound healing.

  • 36.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Karlsson, Maria
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Tracing human keratinocytes and melanocytes with carboxyfluorescein hydroxysuccinimidyl ester (CFSE) staining2015Manuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Burn treatment and conditions of hypopigmentation may require autologous transplantation of keratinocytes and melanocytes. The tracing of transplanted cells presents a challenge. We report a methodology based on passive staining with carboxyfluorescein hydroxysuccinimidyl ester (CFSE) that enables localising cells in tissue sections to investigate the fate of transplanted cells in wound re-epithelialisation. CFSE-stained keratinocytes and CFSE-stained melanocytes were transplanted to human full thickness in vitro wounds either as cell suspension for keratinocytes, or with the aid of  macroporous gelatin microcarriers for both cells types in single and co-culture. Viability and migration of CFSE-stained keratinocytes and melanocytes were investigated, and proliferation of the cells cultured on microcarriers was measured with flow cytometry. Wounds with transplanted cells were harvested after seven, 14 and 21 days in culture, cryosectioned and investigated using fluorescence microscopy. Sections from wounds with transplanted co-cultured keratinocytes and melanocytes were stained for pancytokeratin to distinguish double stained keratinocytes. The CFSE-staining of keratinocytes and melanocytes did not affect the viability, migration or proliferation of the cells. Transplanted cells were traced in tissue sections after 21 days and wound re-epithelialisation was not affected. We propose a novel application of CFSE-staining in transplantation studies here presented with primary human keratinocytes and melanocytes.

  • 37.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Briheim, Kristina
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Biodegradable Gelatin Microcarriers Facilitate Re-Epithelialization of Human Cutaneous Wounds - An In Vitro Study in Human Skin2015Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, nr 6, s. e0128093-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The possibility to use a suspended tridimensional matrix as scaffolding for re-epithelialization of in vitro cutaneous wounds was investigated with the aid of a human in vitro wound healing model based on viable full thickness skin. Macroporous gelatin microcarriers, CultiSpher-S, were applied to in vitro wounds and cultured for 21 days. Tissue sections showed incorporation of wound edge keratinocytes into the microcarriers and thicker neoepidermis in wounds treated with microcarriers. Thickness of the neoepidermis was measured digitally, using immunohistochemical staining of keratins as epithelial demarcation. Air-lifting of wounds enhanced stratification in control wounds as well as wounds with CultiSpher-S. Immunohistochemical staining revealed expression of keratin 5, keratin 10, and laminin 5 in the neoepidermal component. We conclude that the CultiSpher-S microcarriers can function as tissue guiding scaffold for re-epithelialization of cutaneous wounds.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 38. Neovius, Erik
    et al.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Tissue engineering by cocultivating human elastic chondrocytes and keratinocytes2003Inngår i: Tissue engineering, ISSN 1076-3279, E-ISSN 1557-8690, Vol. 9, s. 365-369Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 39.
    Nyman, Erika
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för Kirurgi, Ortopedi och Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Henricson, Joakim
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Närsjukvården i centrala Östergötland, Akutkliniken i Linköping.
    Ghafouri, Bijar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Anderson, Chris D.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för Kirurgi, Ortopedi och Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Hyaluronic Acid Accelerates Re-epithelialization and Alters Protein Expression in a Human Wound Model2019Inngår i: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open, E-ISSN 2169-7574, Vol. 7, nr 5, artikkel-id e2221Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a large glycosaminoglycan involved in proliferation, migration, and tissue repair, is suggested to be an important factor for keratinocyte activation and re-epithelialization. The experimental hypothesis of this study was that HA accelerates re-epithelialization, and we aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous intradermal HA during deep dermal, incisional wound healing in vivo in humans, the primary endpoint being re-epithelialization. Methods: A total of 8 standardized deep dermal incisional wounds (depth 1.6mm, width 1.8mm) per subject were induced in 10 healthy volunteers. Two of the wound sites per subject were pretreated with injections of HA and 2 with saline solution. At 2 time points (24 hours and 14 days), 2 biopsies for each treatment group (one for histology and one for proteomics) were taken. Skin erythema was measured at 24-hour intervals for 14 days as a surrogate measurement of inflammation. Results: At 24 hours, 8 of 9 wounds pretreated with HA showed complete re-epithelization, whereas none of the wounds pretreated with saline had re-epithelized. Wounds pretreated with HA also showed a 10-fold regulation of 8 identified proteins involved in wound healing compared to wounds treated with saline solution. No difference in inflammation, as measured as erythema, could be seen between any of the groups. Conclusions: We conclude that HA accelerates re-epithelialization and stimulates an altered protein expression in vivo in human deep dermal incisional skin wounds, but has no effect on the inflammation process as measured by erythema.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 40.
    Nyman, Erika
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Henricson, Joakim
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Olausson, Patrik
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ghafouri, Bijar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Anderson, Chris
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Exogenous hyaluronic acid induces accelerated re-epithelialization and altered protein expression in adult human skin wounds in vivoManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Hyaluronic acid, a large glycosaminoglycan involved in proliferation, migration, and tissue repair, is suggested to play an important role in ideal scarless fetal wound healing. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous hyaluronic acid intradermal during deep dermal wound healing. Study parameters were erythema, re-epithelialization, and protein expression examined by using a previously described, minimally invasive in vivo human wound model in combination with tissue viability imaging, histology, and proteomics.

    Methods

    Standardized deep dermal wounds were created in the ventral forearm in ten healthy volunteers using blood collection lancets. The wound sites were injected with hyaluronic acid or saline solution, prior to wounding, or were left untreated. To quantify changes in red blood cell concentration as a measurement of inflammation, the study sites were photographed daily for two weeks using a tissue viability imaging system. At 24 hours and after 14 days, biopsy specimens were taken for histology and proteomics analysis.

    Results

    The inflammatory response was not affected by the injection of hyaluronic acid, as measured by tissue viability imaging. Hyaluronic acid significantly induced (p < 0.05) accelerated reepithelialization at 24 hours, and wounds treated with hyaluronic acid showed an altered protein expression.

    Conclusion

    The results from the present study are in concordance with  previous in vitro findings and suggest that exogenous hyaluronic acid has a  positive effect on the healing process of cutaneous wounds. We conclude that hyaluronic acid injected intradermally induces accelerated re-epithelialization and alters protein expression in vivo in human deep dermal skin wounds.

  • 41.
    Nyman, Erika
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Brännskadevård. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Nyman, Torbjörn
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Anestesi- och intensivvårdskliniken VIN.
    Junker, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Hyaluronic acid, an important factor in the wound healing properties of amniotic fluid: In vitro studies of re-epithelialisation in human skin wounds2013Inngår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, ISSN 2000-656X, E-ISSN 2000-6764, Vol. 47, nr 2, s. 89-92Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Foetal wounds are unique in their ability to heal rapidly without forming scars. The amniotic fluid, rich in nutrients, growth factors, and hyaluronic acid, surrounds the foetus and is essential to foetal wound healing. The wound healing properties of foetal wounds may be the result of high concentrations of hyaluronic acid. This study aimed to verify that amniotic fluid induces re-epithelialisation in human skin wounds in vitro and to study whether this ability is dependent on hyaluronic acid. Standard deep dermal wounds were produced in vitro in human skin. The skin samples, with a central wound, were incubated in different culture media. Varying concentrations of amniotic fluid and amniotic fluid with added hyaluronidase were tested, and re-epithelialisation was assessed at 3, 7, and 12 days using light microscopy, after staining with haematoxylin and eosin. Amniotic fluid 50% resulted in a significantly higher (p andlt; 0.05) grade of re-epithelialisation than Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium and 10% amniotic fluid at all time points. When 50% amniotic fluid was compared with 10% foetal calf serum, no significant difference was found in grades of re-epithelialisation on days 3 and 12 and significantly higher grades of re-epithelialisation on day 7 (p andlt; 0.05). Degradation of hyaluronic acid in the medium that contained 50% amniotic fluid gave significantly impaired re-epithelialisation (p andlt; 0.05) on culture days 3 and 7. In conclusion, amniotic fluid promotes accelerated re-epithelialisation and hyaluronic acid is an important ingredient.

  • 42.
    Persson, Kristin
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Tybrandt, Klas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten. ETH, Switzerland.
    Gabrielsson, Roger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Nilsson, David
    Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Berggren, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska fakulteten.
    Matrix Addressing of an Electronic Surface Switch Based on a Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for Cell Sorting2015Inngår i: Advanced Functional Materials, ISSN 1616-301X, E-ISSN 1616-3028, Vol. 25, nr 45, s. 7056-7063Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Spatial control of cell detachment is potentially of great interest when selecting cells for clonal expansion and in order to obtain a homogeneous starting population of cells aimed for tissue engineering purposes. Here, selective detachment and cell sorting of human primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts is achieved using thin films of a conjugated polymer. Upon electrochemical oxidation, the polymer film swells, cracks, and finally detaches taking cells cultured on top along with it. The polymer can be patterned using standard photolithography to fabricate a cross-point matrix with polymer pixels that can be individually addressed and thus detached. Detachment occurs above a well-defined threshold of +0.7 V versus Ag/AgCl, allowing the use of a relatively simple and easily manufactured passive matrix-addressing configuration, based on a resistor network, to control the cell-sorting device.

  • 43.
    Persson, Kristin M
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska högskolan.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna Lönnqvist
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Tybrandt, Klas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska högskolan.
    Gabrielsson, Roger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska högskolan.
    Nilsson, David
    Department of Printed Electronics, Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Norrköping, Sweden.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Berggren, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, Fysik och elektroteknik. Linköpings universitet, Tekniska högskolan.
    Selective Detachment of Human Primary Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts Using an Addressable Conjugated Polymer Matrix2014Manuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Conjugated polymers have been used in several applications for electronic control of cell cultures over the last years. We have shown detachment of human endothelial cells using a thin film of a self-doped water-soluble conjugated polymer. Upon electrochemical oxidation, the film swells, cracks and finally detaches taking cells cultured on top along with it. The polymer can be patterned using standard photolithography. The detachment only occurs above a threshold potential of +0.7 V and this fact has been used to create a simple actively addressed matrix, based on a resistor network placed in an encapsulated back plane. The matrix has individually detachable pixels. In this paper we have evaluated detachment of human primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts using PEDOT-S:H. In addition, we have studied effects of serum proteins, added as nutrients to the cell culture medium, on the detachment properties. It was found that at prolonged incubation times protein adhesion effectively stopped the detachment. Using shorter incubation times before detachment, both keratinocytes and fibroblasts can be detached using a regular planar device as well as the matrix device for selective detachment. Spatial control of detachment could be of use when selecting cells for clonal expansion and in order to obtain a homogeneous starting population of cells aimed for tissue engineering purposes.

  • 44.
    Pettersson, Sofia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Kirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Reumatologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    The Role of Platelet Rich Plasma and Dynamic Centrifugation on Extracellular Matrix Formation of Human Articular Chondrocytes on Macroporous Gelatin Microcarriers in Pellet CultureManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been investigated for its beneficial use in cartilage tissue engineering previously. Here, we address the effect of using PRP as encapsulating agent for gelatin-supported chondrocyte pellet culture in vitro. Furthermore, the concept of using dynamic centrifugation to stimulate extracellular matrix (ECM) formation of the chondrocytes is explored. Human articular chondrocytes were expanded on macroporous gelatin microcarriers in a spinner flask system. The cell-seeded microcarriers were allowed to form pellets with or without re-calcified citrated PRP, and subjected to dynamic centrifugation (f = 0.0125 Hz) for a total of 16 min every other day using a standard tabletop centrifuge. Three acceleration curves with differing top speeds (corresponding to 500 g, 1500 g and 3000 g respectively) were used for the experimental groups and unstimulated controls were set for comparison. Pellets were kept in culture for up to 12 weeks, paraffin embedded and sectioned for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Results showed increasing numbers of cells and ECM with time, as well as a gradual degradation of the gelatin microcarriers, indicating ongoing cell proliferation and metabolism throughout the culture period. Cell densities and ECM formation were more pronounced in the PRP-containing groups after four weeks, although this difference diminished with time. At the last time point several cartilage markers were found in the produced ECM, however including the fibrocartilaginous marker collagen type I. Dynamic centrifugation did not visibly increase the ECM accumulation over the 12-week duration of this experiment, although non-conclusive indications of collagen fiber organization were seen in the two groups with the highest acceleration limits at the last time point.

  • 45.
    Pettersson, Sofia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Reumatologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Tengvall, Pentti
    Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Biomaterials, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Cell expansion of human articular chondrocytes on macroporous gelatine scaffolds: — impact of micro carrier selection on cell proliferation2011Inngår i: Biomedical Materials, ISSN 1748-6041, E-ISSN 1748-605X, Vol. 6, nr 6, s. 065001-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates human chondrocyte expansion on four macroporous gelatine microcarriers (CultiSpher) differing with respect to two manufacturing processes—the amount of emulsifier used during initial preparation and the gelatine cross-linking medium. Monolayer-expanded articular chondrocytes from three donors were seeded onto the microcarriers and cultured in spinner flask systems for a total of 15 days. Samples were extracted every other day to monitor cell viability and establish cell counts, which were analysed using analysis of variance and piecewise linear regression. Chondrocyte densities increased according to a linear pattern for all microcarriers, indicating an ongoing, though limited, cell proliferation. A strong chondrocyte donor effect was seen during the initial expansion phase. The final cell yield differed significantly between the microcarriers and our results indicate that manufacturing differences affected chondrocyte densities at this point. Remaining cells stained positive for chondrogenic markers SOX-9 and S-100 but extracellular matrix formation was modest to undetectable. In conclusion, the four gelatine microcarriers supported chondrocyte adhesion and proliferation over a two week period. The best yield was observed for microcarriers produced with low emulsifier content and cross-linked in water and acetone. These results add to the identification of optimal biomaterial parameters for specific cellular processes and populations.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 46.
    Pettersson, Sofia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Kirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Reumatologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Tengvall, Pentti
    University of Gothenburg.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Human articular chondrocytes on macroporous gelatin microcarriers form structurally stable constructs with blood-derived biological glues in vitro2009Inngår i: JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, ISSN 1932-6254, Vol. 35, nr 6, s. 450-460Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Biodegradable macroporous gelatin microcarriers fixed with blood-derived biodegradable glue are proposed as a delivery system for human autologous chondrocytes. Cell-seeded microcarriers were embedded in four biological glues - recalcified citrated whole blood, recalcified citrated plasma with or without platelets, and a commercially available fibrin glue - and cultured in an in vitro model under static conditions for 16 weeks. No differences could be verified between the commercial fibrin glue and the blood-derived alternatives. Five further experiments were conducted with recalcified citrated platelet-rich plasma alone as microcarrier sealant, using two different in vitro culture models and chondrocytes from three additional donors. The microcarriers supported chondrocyte adhesion and expansion as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. Matrix formation occurred predominantly at sample surfaces under the static conditions. The presence of microcarriers proved essential for the glues to support the structural takeover of ECM proteins produced by the embedded chondrocytes, as exclusion of the microcarriers resulted in unstable structures that dissolved before matrix formation could occur. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of SOX-9- and S-100-positive chondrocytes as well as the production of aggrecan and collagen type I, but not of the cartilage-specific collagen type II. These results imply that blood-derived glues are indeed potentially applicable for encapsulation of chondrocyte-seeded microcarriers. However, the static in vitro models used in this study proved incapable of supporting cartilage formation throughout the engineered constructs.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 47.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Krammer, Markus P.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Human melanocytes mitigate keratinocyte-dependent contraction in an in vitro collagen contraction assay2015Inngår i: Burns, ISSN 0305-4179, E-ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 41, nr 5, s. 1035-1042Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Scarring is an extensive problem in burn care, and treatment can be especially complicated in cases of hypertrophic scarring. Contraction is an important factor in scarring but the contribution of different cell types remains unclear. We have investigated the contractile behavior of keratinocytes, melanocytes and fibroblasts by using an in vitro collagen gel assay aimed at identifying a modulating role of melanocytes in keratinocyte-mediated contraction. Cells were seeded on a collagen type I gel substrate and the change in gel dimensions were measured over time. Hematoxylin and Eosin-staining and immunohistochemistry against pan-cytokeratin and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor showed that melanocytes integrated between keratinocytes and remained there throughout the experiments. Keratinocyte- and fibroblast-seeded gels contracted significantly over time, whereas melanocyte-seeded gels did not. Co-culture assays showed that melanocytes mitigate the keratinocyte-dependent contraction (significantly slower and 18-32% less). Fibroblasts augmented the contraction in most assays (approximately 6% more). Non-contact co-cultures showed some influence on the keratinocyte-dependent contraction. Results show that mechanisms attributable to melanocytes, but not fibroblasts, can mitigate keratinocyte contractile behavior. Contact-dependent mechanisms are stronger modulators than non-contact dependent mechanisms, but both modes carry significance to the contraction modulation of keratinocytes. Further investigations are required to determine the mechanisms involved and to determine the utility of melanocytes beyond hypopigmentation in improved clinical regimes of burn wounds and wound healing.

  • 48.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Sommar, Pehr
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Junker, Johan
    Harvard University, MA 02115 USA .
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Interpreted gene expression of human dermal fibroblasts after adipo-, chondro- and osteogenic phenotype shifts2012Inngår i: Differentiation, ISSN 0301-4681, E-ISSN 1432-0436, Vol. 84, nr 4, s. 305-313Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Autologous cell-based therapies promise important developments for reconstructive surgery. In vitro expansion as well as differentiation strategies could provide a substantial benefit to cellular therapies. Human dermal fibroblasts, considered ubiquitous connective tissue cells, can be coaxed towards different cellular fates, are readily available and may altogether be a suitable cell source for tissue engineering strategies. Global gene expression analysis was performed to investigate the changes of the fibroblast phenotype after four-week inductions toward adipocytic, osteoblastic and chondrocytic lineages. Differential gene regulation, interpreted through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, highlight important similarities and differences of induced fibroblasts compared to control cultures of human fibroblasts, adipocytes, osteoblasts and articular chondrocytes. Fibroblasts show an inherent degree of phenotype plasticity that can be controlled to obtain cells supportive of multiple tissue types.

  • 49.
    Rakar, Jonathan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Sommar, Pehr
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Lönnqvist, Susanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Johnson, Hans
    Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
    Junker, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Evaluating Multi-Lineage Induction of Human Dermal FibroblastsUsing Gene Expression AnalysisManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    During the past decades, several adult stem cell populations from a range of tissues have been characterized. Since principally all human cells contain the same genetic material, the specific gene expression profile determines the cell phenotype. The notion of terminally differentiated somatic cells being necessarily restricted to one phenotype has been challenged, and instead an inherent range of plasticity for any given cell type has been suggested. We have in previous work shown that normal human dermal fibroblasts have an inherent plasticity and can be induced to differentiate towards adipogenic, chondrogenic, endotheliogenic and osteogenic lineages when subjected to defined induction media. The aim of the present study was to further study the differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts on a gene expression level. This was achieved by employing genome wide expression analysis using microarray technology. Selected gene expression was also evaluated over time using real-time PCR. Several master regulatory genes important for lineage commitment, as well as phenotypically relevant genes, were found regulated in the respective induced cultures. The results obtained in this study strengthen previously published results showing an inherent ability for controllable phenotype alteration of human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. We conclude that adipogenic, chondrogenic, endotheliogenic and osteogenic induction results in novel phenotypes that show a genetic readiness for lineage-specific biological functionality.

  • 50.
    Seland, Havard
    et al.
    University of Bergen.
    Gustafson, Carl-Johan
    Karolinska University Hospital.
    Johnson, Hans
    University of Bergen.
    Junker, Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kratz, Gunnar
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Hand och plastikkirurgi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Rekonstruktionscentrum, Hand- och plastikkirurgiska kliniken US.
    Transplantation of acellular dermis and keratinocytes cultured on porous biodegradable microcarriers into full-thickness skin injuries on athymic rats2011Inngår i: BURNS, ISSN 0305-4179, Vol. 37, nr 1, s. 99-108Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In search of an optimal transplantation regime for sufficient dermal and epidermal regeneration after a full-thickness skin injury, wounds on athymic rats were grafted with split-thickness skin grafts or acellular human dermis followed by transplantation with human keratinocytes either in single-cell suspension or cultured on porous biodegradable micro-carriers. After 2 weeks, all wounds grafted with acellular human dermis showed a well organised and vascularised dermal component and reepithelialisation on the grafted dermal matrix was complete 21 days after transplantation with human keratinocytes. Wounds grafted with human keratinocytes seeded on biodegradable microcarriers or split-thickness skin grafts displayed over time (i.e. 16-21 days post-transplantation) a significantly thicker epithelial cell layer in comparison to wounds grafted with keratinocytes in single-cell suspensions or microcarriers not seeded with cells. Furthermore, measurements of dermal thickness in the closed wounds 21 days after grafting showed a significantly thicker and well organised neodermal component in wounds transplanted with keratinocytes seeded on microcarriers or split-thickness skin grafts compared to all other wounds. Positive immunostaining towards von Willebrand factor revealed the plausible proangiogenic effects of transplantation with keratinocytes seeded on microcarriers. Analysis of representative tissue sections after fluorescence in situ hybridisation visualised that grafted human keratinocytes were present in the epidermal layers covering the wounds 16 and 21 days after transplantation, strongly indicating preservation of cell viability. These results shows that the use of biodegradable microcarriers in the culture of autologous keratinocytes for treatment of full-thickness wounds not only facilitate the cultivation, transportation and transplantation processes but also enhances the dermal regeneration induced by a dermal scaffold which results in a clinical result that is significantly superior to the one obtained when keratinocytes are transplanted in a single-cell suspension.

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