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  • 1.
    Ahmadi, Ahmad
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Dermatologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicin och kirurgi, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Monoamine oxidase A and B genes polymorphisms in Parkinson's diseaseManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of nig:rostriatal dopaminergic neurons including the loss of cell bodies in the pars compacta of substantia nigra (SN). The mechanism for neurodegeneration is unknown, but the pathogenesis is considered to be multifactorial involving exposure for toxins, genetic inheritance, age, oxidative stress and mitochondrial electron transport chain defects. This study has been focused on polymorphisms in the genes for the enzymes monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A, MAO-B) and relation to smoking for the development of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. MAO enzymes are important in the dopamine metabolism and in the detoxification of neurotoxins. During metabolism of dopamine, MAO generates large amounts of free radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and may damage the neurons in substantia nigra, which has been suggested as a pathologic mechanism for PD.

    Blood samples were collected from 256 PD patients, age 30-80 years, and 582 unrelated control individuals, age 31 - 78 years, from southeastern Sweden.

    Two polymorphisms (exon 8 and exon 14) located in the MAO-A gene and one polymorphism located in the MA O-B gene were examined, with denatming HPLC, PCR-RFLP or DNA sequencing. Genotype and allele frequencies were determined for patients and controls. No statistical significant difference was revealed between any of the polymorphisms in the MAO-A and MAO-B genes and Parkinson's disease. Smoking displayed an enviromnental exposure with a strong decreased risk for both male (OR=0.40, 95% CI 0.25 - 0.63) and female (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.25-0.89) PD without any interaction with MAO genotype.

    The polymorphisms in MAO genes might therefore not be acting as modifiers of risk for developing of PD either by itself or by interacting with smoking. With respect to the size of the study (256 PD patients and 582 controls) MAO polymorphisms do not represent any predisposing factor or a weak PD susceptibility factor.

  • 2. Beställ onlineKöp publikationen >>
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Regulation of UV induced apoptosis in human melanocytes2007Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Malignant melanoma arises from the pigment producing melanocytes in epidermis and is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing faster than any other type of cancer in white population worldwide, with a doubling rate every 10-20 years. So far, the only identified external risk factor for malignant melanoma is UV exposure. Elimination of photodamaged cells by apoptosis (programmed cell death) is essential to prevent tumor formation. Melanocytes are considered relatively resistant to apoptosis, however, the regulation of apoptosis in melanocytes is still unknown.

    The aim of this thesis was to investigate the apoptotic process following ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in primary cultures of human melanocytes. Focus was on regulation of mitochondrial stability by Bcl-2 family proteins and the possible participation of lysosomal proteases, cathepsins. UV irradiation activated the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, leading to cytochrome c release, caspase activation, and nuclear fragmentation. No change in protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was observed in response to UV. Instead, translocation of the Bcl-2 family proteins from cytosol to mitochondia was important in the regulation of survival and death of melanocytes. The findings further demonstrated permeabilization of the lysosomal membrane to occur early in the apoptotic process, resulting in cathepsin release into the cytosol. The cathepsins were potent pro-apoptotic mediators and triggered apoptosis upstream of Bax translocation and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. In response to both heat and UV irradiation, there was a marked increase in expression of stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), which inhibited apoptosis by binding lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes and counteracting the release of cathepsins and cytochrome c. Furthermore, UV irradiation activated c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which triggered apoptosis upstream of cathepsins release from the lysosomes. In addition, JNK mediated apoptosis through phosphorylation of pro-apoptotic Bim, which was released from anti-apoptotic Mcl-1, by UV induced Mcl-1 depletion.

    This thesis illustrates that permeabilization of mitochondria and lysosomes and release of their constituents to the cytosol participates in UV induced apoptosis signaling in human melanocytes in vitro. The process is regulated by a complex network of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, exerting their effects through intracellular translocation and alteration of protein expression.

    Delarbeten
    1. Wavelength specific effects on UVB induced apoptosis in melanocytes. A study of the Bcl-2/Bax expression and keratinocyte rescue effects
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Wavelength specific effects on UVB induced apoptosis in melanocytes. A study of the Bcl-2/Bax expression and keratinocyte rescue effects
    2005 (Engelska)Ingår i: Melanoma Research, ISSN 0960-8931, Vol. 15, nr 1, s. 7-13Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Apoptosis and alterations in Bcl-2 and Bax messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were examined in cultured human epidermal melanocytes following UVB irradiation (50 mJ/cm2). The effects of various spectral ranges within UVB were investigated. A co-culture system was set up to study the interplay between melanocytes and keratinocytes in response to UVB. Melanocytes expressed high basal levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 compared with keratinocytes. Different wavelengths within the UVB spectrum induced diverse response patterns of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and had different apoptotic power. Both Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were upregulated to preserve protein levels and only a slight increase in apoptosis was noted 24 h after UVB ([lambda]>305 nm). Increasing UVB between 280 and 305 nm enhanced apoptosis and upregulated Bcl-2, whilst Bax mRNA was unaltered. However, no change in protein levels was detected. A redistribution of Bax protein from different compartments within the cell may be more important than direct upregulation for the acceleration of apoptosis, but it cannot be excluded that other apoptotic pathways may be induced by shorter UVB wavelengths. The increase in apoptosis was significantly lower in melanocytes co-cultured with irradiated matched keratinocytes than in melanocytes from pure cultures, indicating that melanocytes are protected from UVB-induced apoptosis by the release of substance(s) from keratinocytes. This rescue response concurred with a fast and significant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA level in melanocytes.

    Nationell ämneskategori
    Medicin och hälsovetenskap
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14399 (URN)10.1097/00008390-200502000-00003 (DOI)
    Tillgänglig från: 2008-11-13 Skapad: 2008-11-13 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-28
    2. UVA/B induced apoptosis in human melanocytes involves translocation of cathepsins and Bcl-2 family members
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>UVA/B induced apoptosis in human melanocytes involves translocation of cathepsins and Bcl-2 family members
    Visa övriga...
    2006 (Engelska)Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, Vol. 126, nr 5, s. 1119-1127Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate UVA/B to induce apoptosis in human melanocytes through the mitochondrial pathway, displaying cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and fragmentation of nuclei. The outcome of a death signal depends on the balance between positive and negative apoptotic regulators, such as members of the Bcl-2 protein family. Apoptotic melanocytes, containing fragmented nucleus, show translocation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bid from the cytosol to punctate mitochondrial-like structures. Bcl-2, generally thought to be attached only to membranes, was in melanocytes localized in the cytosol as well. In the fraction of surviving melanocytes, that is, cells with morphologically unchanged nucleus, the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were translocated to mitochondria following UVA/B. The lysosomal proteases, cathepsin B and D, which may act as proapoptotic mediators, were released from lysosomes to the cytosol after UVA/B exposure. Proapoptotic action of the cytosolic cathepsins was confirmed by microinjection of cathepsin B, which induced nuclear fragmentation. Bax translocation and apoptosis were markedly reduced in melanocytes after pretreatment with either cysteine or aspartic cathepsin inhibitors. No initial caspase-8 activity was detected, excluding involvement of the death receptor pathway. Altogether, our results emphasize translocation of Bcl-2 family proteins to have central regulatory functions of UV-induced apoptosis in melanocytes and suggest cathepsins to be proapoptotic mediators operating upstream of Bax.

    Nationell ämneskategori
    Medicin och hälsovetenskap
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14400 (URN)10.1038/sj.jid.5700124 (DOI)
    Tillgänglig från: 2008-11-13 Skapad: 2008-11-13 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-28
    3. Hsp70 protects against UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins and cytochrome c in human melanocytes
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Hsp70 protects against UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins and cytochrome c in human melanocytes
    2007 (Engelska)Ingår i: Carcinogenesis, ISSN 0143-3334, E-ISSN 1460-2180, Vol. 28, nr 3, s. 537-544Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) effectively protects cells against apoptosis, although the anti-apoptotic mechanism is still undefined. Exposure of human melanocytes to heat and subsequent UVB irradiation increased the level of Hsp70 and pre-heating reduced UVB induced apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining of Hsp70 in combination with staining of lysosomes (Lamp2) or mitochondria (Mitotracker®) in pre-heated UVB exposed cells showed co-localization of Hsp70 with both lysosomes and mitochondria in the surviving cell population. Furthermore, UVB induced apoptosis was accompanied by lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, detected as release of cathepsin D and cytochrome c, respectively, which were prevented by heat pre-treatment. In purified fractions of lysosomes and mitochondria, recombinant Hsp70 attached to both lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes. Moreover, in apoptotic cells Bax was translocated from a diffuse cytosolic location into punctate mitochondrial-like structures, which was inhibited by Hsp70 induction. Such inhibition of Bax translocation was abolished by transfection with Hsp70 siRNA. Furthermore, Hsp70 siRNA eliminated the apoptosis preventive effect observed after pre-heating. These findings show Hsp70 to rescue melanocytes from UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins from lysosomes, Bax translocation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria.

     

    Abbreviations: AIF, apoptosis-inducing factor; Hsp, heat shock protein; NAG, ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase; tBid, truncated Bid; UV, ultraviolet

    Nationell ämneskategori
    Medicin och hälsovetenskap
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14401 (URN)10.1093/carcin/bgl152 (DOI)
    Tillgänglig från: 2007-05-14 Skapad: 2007-05-14 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-28
    4. JNK mediates UVB-induced apoptosis upstream lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bcl-2 family proteins
    Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>JNK mediates UVB-induced apoptosis upstream lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bcl-2 family proteins
    2008 (Engelska)Ingår i: Apoptosis (London), ISSN 1360-8185, E-ISSN 1573-675X, Vol. 13, nr 9, s. 1111-1120Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
    Abstract [en]

    UVB irradiation induced phosphorylation of JNK and subsequent apoptosis in human melanocytes. Depletion of both JNK1 and JNK2 expression using siRNA transfection, protected against apoptosis, as detected by decreased nuclear fragmentation and caspase-3 activity, as well as reduced translocation of Bax to mitochondria. Moreover, release of cathepsin B and D from lysosomes to the cytosol was reduced when JNK expression was suppressed by siRNA, demonstrating a JNK dependent regulation of lysosomal membrane permeabilization. In unirradiated control melanocytes, coimmunoprecipitation showed that Bim was sequestered by Mcl-1, which had a pro-survival function. After UVB irradiation, a significant decrease in Mcl-1 protein level was found, which was prevented by addition of a proteasome inhibitor. The interaction between Bim and Mcl-1 was reduced in response to UVB irradiation and Bim was phosphorylated in a JNK dependent manner. In conclusion, these findings Suggest JNK to have an important pro-apoptotic function following UVB irradiation in human melanocytes, by acting upstream of lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bim phosphorylation.

    Nyckelord
    UV, Cathepsin, JNK, Mcl-1, Bim
    Nationell ämneskategori
    Medicin och hälsovetenskap
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16886 (URN)10.1007/s10495-008-0240-7 (DOI)
    Anmärkning
    The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com: Cecilia Bivik and Karin Öllinger, JNK mediates UVB-induced apoptosis upstream lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bcl-2 family proteins, 2008, Apoptosis (London), (13), 9, 1111-1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10495-008-0240-7 Copyright: Springer Science Business Media http://www.springerlink.com/ Tillgänglig från: 2009-04-29 Skapad: 2009-02-20 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-28Bibliografiskt granskad
    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Ladda ner (pdf)
    POPULARSUMMARY01
  • 3.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Regulation of UV-induced apoptosis in human melanocytes2009Ingår i: Forum for Nordic Dermato-Venerology, ISSN 1402-2915, Vol. 14, nr 1, s. 25-26Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    [No abstract available]

  • 4.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Andersson, Eva
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wavelength specific effects on UVB induced apoptosis in melanocytes. A study of the Bcl-2/Bax expression and keratinocyte rescue effects2005Ingår i: Melanoma Research, ISSN 0960-8931, Vol. 15, nr 1, s. 7-13Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Apoptosis and alterations in Bcl-2 and Bax messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were examined in cultured human epidermal melanocytes following UVB irradiation (50 mJ/cm2). The effects of various spectral ranges within UVB were investigated. A co-culture system was set up to study the interplay between melanocytes and keratinocytes in response to UVB. Melanocytes expressed high basal levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 compared with keratinocytes. Different wavelengths within the UVB spectrum induced diverse response patterns of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and had different apoptotic power. Both Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were upregulated to preserve protein levels and only a slight increase in apoptosis was noted 24 h after UVB ([lambda]>305 nm). Increasing UVB between 280 and 305 nm enhanced apoptosis and upregulated Bcl-2, whilst Bax mRNA was unaltered. However, no change in protein levels was detected. A redistribution of Bax protein from different compartments within the cell may be more important than direct upregulation for the acceleration of apoptosis, but it cannot be excluded that other apoptotic pathways may be induced by shorter UVB wavelengths. The increase in apoptosis was significantly lower in melanocytes co-cultured with irradiated matched keratinocytes than in melanocytes from pure cultures, indicating that melanocytes are protected from UVB-induced apoptosis by the release of substance(s) from keratinocytes. This rescue response concurred with a fast and significant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA level in melanocytes.

  • 5.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Carlström, Maria
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi.
    Apoptosis has a role in the disturbed homeostasis of epidermal keratinocytes in psoriasis in JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, vol 132, issue , pp S79-S792012Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, Nature Publishing Group , 2012, Vol. 132, s. S79-S79Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 6.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Experimentell patologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Hsp70 protects against UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins and cytochrome c in human melanocytes2007Ingår i: Carcinogenesis, ISSN 0143-3334, E-ISSN 1460-2180, Vol. 28, nr 3, s. 537-544Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) effectively protects cells against apoptosis, although the anti-apoptotic mechanism is still undefined. Exposure of human melanocytes to heat and subsequent UVB irradiation increased the level of Hsp70 and pre-heating reduced UVB induced apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining of Hsp70 in combination with staining of lysosomes (Lamp2) or mitochondria (Mitotracker®) in pre-heated UVB exposed cells showed co-localization of Hsp70 with both lysosomes and mitochondria in the surviving cell population. Furthermore, UVB induced apoptosis was accompanied by lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, detected as release of cathepsin D and cytochrome c, respectively, which were prevented by heat pre-treatment. In purified fractions of lysosomes and mitochondria, recombinant Hsp70 attached to both lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes. Moreover, in apoptotic cells Bax was translocated from a diffuse cytosolic location into punctate mitochondrial-like structures, which was inhibited by Hsp70 induction. Such inhibition of Bax translocation was abolished by transfection with Hsp70 siRNA. Furthermore, Hsp70 siRNA eliminated the apoptosis preventive effect observed after pre-heating. These findings show Hsp70 to rescue melanocytes from UVB induced apoptosis by preventing release of cathepsins from lysosomes, Bax translocation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria.

     

    Abbreviations: AIF, apoptosis-inducing factor; Hsp, heat shock protein; NAG, ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase; tBid, truncated Bid; UV, ultraviolet

  • 7.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Verma, Deepti
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Winge, Marten C.
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Lieden, Agne
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Bradley, Maria
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden .
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Letter: Genetic Variation in the Inflammasome and Atopic Dermatitis Susceptibility2013Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 133, nr 10, s. 2486-2489Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 8.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Kågedal, Katarina
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Experimentell patologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Experimentell patologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    UVA/B induced apoptosis in human melanocytes involves translocation of cathepsins and Bcl-2 family members2006Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, Vol. 126, nr 5, s. 1119-1127Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate UVA/B to induce apoptosis in human melanocytes through the mitochondrial pathway, displaying cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and fragmentation of nuclei. The outcome of a death signal depends on the balance between positive and negative apoptotic regulators, such as members of the Bcl-2 protein family. Apoptotic melanocytes, containing fragmented nucleus, show translocation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bid from the cytosol to punctate mitochondrial-like structures. Bcl-2, generally thought to be attached only to membranes, was in melanocytes localized in the cytosol as well. In the fraction of surviving melanocytes, that is, cells with morphologically unchanged nucleus, the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were translocated to mitochondria following UVA/B. The lysosomal proteases, cathepsin B and D, which may act as proapoptotic mediators, were released from lysosomes to the cytosol after UVA/B exposure. Proapoptotic action of the cytosolic cathepsins was confirmed by microinjection of cathepsin B, which induced nuclear fragmentation. Bax translocation and apoptosis were markedly reduced in melanocytes after pretreatment with either cysteine or aspartic cathepsin inhibitors. No initial caspase-8 activity was detected, excluding involvement of the death receptor pathway. Altogether, our results emphasize translocation of Bcl-2 family proteins to have central regulatory functions of UV-induced apoptosis in melanocytes and suggest cathepsins to be proapoptotic mediators operating upstream of Bax.

  • 9.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Experimentell patologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Laboratoriemedicinskt centrum, Klinisk patologi och klinisk genetik.
    JNK mediates UVB-induced apoptosis upstream lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bcl-2 family proteins2008Ingår i: Apoptosis (London), ISSN 1360-8185, E-ISSN 1573-675X, Vol. 13, nr 9, s. 1111-1120Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    UVB irradiation induced phosphorylation of JNK and subsequent apoptosis in human melanocytes. Depletion of both JNK1 and JNK2 expression using siRNA transfection, protected against apoptosis, as detected by decreased nuclear fragmentation and caspase-3 activity, as well as reduced translocation of Bax to mitochondria. Moreover, release of cathepsin B and D from lysosomes to the cytosol was reduced when JNK expression was suppressed by siRNA, demonstrating a JNK dependent regulation of lysosomal membrane permeabilization. In unirradiated control melanocytes, coimmunoprecipitation showed that Bim was sequestered by Mcl-1, which had a pro-survival function. After UVB irradiation, a significant decrease in Mcl-1 protein level was found, which was prevented by addition of a proteasome inhibitor. The interaction between Bim and Mcl-1 was reduced in response to UVB irradiation and Bim was phosphorylated in a JNK dependent manner. In conclusion, these findings Suggest JNK to have an important pro-apoptotic function following UVB irradiation in human melanocytes, by acting upstream of lysosomal membrane permeabilization and Bim phosphorylation.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 10.
    Bivik Eding, Cecilia
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Domer, Jakob
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Jerhammar, Fredrik
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Öllinger, Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Diagnostikcentrum, Klinisk patologi och klinisk genetik.
    Melanoma Growth and Progression After Ultraviolet A Irradiation: Impact of Lysosomal Exocytosis and Cathepsin Proteases2015Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 95, nr 7, s. 792-797Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a risk factor for development of malignant melanoma. UVA-induced lysosomal exocytosis and subsequent cell growth enhancement was studied in malignant melanoma cell lines and human skin melanocytes. UVA irradiation caused plasma membrane damage that was rapidly repaired by calcium-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. Lysosomal content was released into the culture medium directly after irradiation and such conditioned media stimulated the growth of non-irradiated cell cultures. By comparing melanocytes and melanoma cells, it was found that only the melanoma cells spontaneously secreted cathepsins into the surrounding medium. Melanoma cells from a primary tumour showed pronounced invasion ability, which was prevented by addition of inhibitors of cathepsins B, D and L. Proliferation was reduced by cathepsin L inhibition in all melanoma cell lines, but did not affect melanocyte growth. In conclusion, UVA-induced release of cathepsins outside cells may be an important factor that promotes melanoma growth and progression.

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  • 11.
    Bostner, Josefine
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Karlsson, Elin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Perez-Tenorio, Gizeh
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Franzén, Hanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Konstantinell, Aelita
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Fornander, Tommy
    Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden .
    Stål, Olle
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Onkologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centrum för kirurgi, ortopedi och cancervård, Onkologiska kliniken US.
    S6 kinase signaling and tamoxifen response in breast cancer cells and in two randomized breast cancer cohorts2013Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Detecting signals in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the estrogen receptor (ER) pathways for prediction of treatment response may be a future clinical tool in primary breast cancer. Here, we investigated the validity and value of the mTOR targets p70-S6 kinase (S6K) 1 and 2 as biomarkers for tamoxifen sensitivity in vitro and in two independent tamoxifen randomized postmenopausal breast cancer cohorts. In addition, the prognostic value of the S6Ks was evaluated. A simultaneous knockdown of the S6Ks in ER-positive breast cancer cells resulted in G1 arrest, and tamoxifen-induced G1 arrest was in part S6K1+S6K2 dependent, suggesting separate roles in proliferation and in tamoxifen response. We found S6K1 to correlate with HER2 and cytoplasmic Akt activity, whereas S6K2 and phosphorylated S6K were closer connected with ER positivity, low proliferation and nucleic p-Akt. Treatment prediction and prognosis were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Nuclear accumulation of S6K1 was indicative of a reduced tamoxifen treatment effect, compared with a significant benefit from tamoxifen treatment in patients without tumor S6K1 nuclear accumulation. Patients with a combination of S6K1 nuclear accumulation and S6K2 cytoplasmic accumulation in the tumor cells had no tamoxifen benefit. Also, S6K1 and S6K2 activation, indicated by p-S6K-t389 expression, was associated with low benefit from tamoxifen compared with untreated patients. In addition, high protein expression of S6K1, independent of localization, predicted worse prognosis. This was not evident for variations in S6K2 or p-S6K-t389 expression.

    In conclusion, the mTOR targeted kinases S6K1 and S6K2 interfere with proliferation and response to tamoxifen. Monitoring their activity andintracellular localization may provide biomarkers for breast cancer treatment, allowing for identification of a group of patients less likely tobenefit from tamoxifen and thus in need of an alternative or additional treatment.

  • 12.
    Bostner, Josefine
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Karlsson, Elin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Centrum för kirurgi, ortopedi och cancervård, Onkologiska kliniken US.
    Bivik Eding, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Perez-Tenorio, Gizeh
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Franzén, Hanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Konstantinell, Aelita
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Fornander, Tommy
    Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Nordenskjöld, Bo
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Centrum för kirurgi, ortopedi och cancervård, Onkologiska kliniken US.
    Stål, Olle
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Centrum för kirurgi, ortopedi och cancervård, Onkologiska kliniken US.
    S6 kinase signaling: tamoxifen response and prognostic indication in two breast cancer cohorts2015Ingår i: Endocrine-Related Cancer, ISSN 1351-0088, E-ISSN 1479-6821, Vol. 22, nr 3, s. 331-343Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Detection of signals in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the estrogen receptor (ER) pathways may be a future clinical tool for the prediction of adjuvant treatment response in primary breast cancer. Using immunohistological staining, we investigated the value of the mTOR targets p70-S6 kinase (S6K) 1 and 2 as biomarkers for tamoxifen benefit in two independent clinical trials comparing adjuvant tamoxifen with no tamoxifen or 5 years versus 2 years of tamoxifen treatment. In addition, the prognostic value of the S6Ks was evaluated. We found that S6K1 correlated with proliferation, HER2 status, and cytoplasmic AKT activity, whereas high protein expression levels of S6K2 and phosphorylated (p) S6K were more common in ER-positive, and low-proliferative tumors with pAKT-s473 localized to the nucelus. Nuclear accumulation of S6K1 was indicative of a reduced tamoxifen effect (hazard ratio (HR): 1.07, 95% CI: 0.53-2.81, P=0.84), compared with a significant benefit from tamoxifen treatment in patients without tumor S6K1 nuclear accumulation (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.62, Pless than0.00001). Also S6K1 and S6K2 activation, indicated by pS6K-t389 expression, was associated with low benefit from tamoxifen (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.50-1.87, P=0.92). In addition, high protein expression of S6K1, independent of localization, predicted worse prognosis in a multivariate analysis, P=0.00041 (cytoplasm), P=0.016 (nucleus). In conclusion, the mTOR-activated kinases S6K1 and S6K2 interfere with proliferation and response to tamoxifen. Monitoring their activity and intracellular localization may provide biomarkers for breast cancer treatment, allowing the identification of a group of patients less likely to benefit from tamoxifen and thus in need of an alternative or additional targeted treatment.

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  • 13.
    Ekman, Anna-Karin
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Vegfors, Jenny
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Overexpression of Psoriasin (S100A7) Contributes to Dysregulated Differentiation in Psoriasis.2017Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 97, nr 4, s. 441-448Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Psoriasin, which is highly expressed in psoriasis, is encoded by a gene located within the epidermal differentiation complex. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endogenous psoriasin on disturbed keratinocyte differentiation in psoriasis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a gradient of psoriasin expression in the psoriatic epidermis with highest expression in the suprabasal, differentiated layers. Induction of keratinocyte differentiation caused concurrent expression of psoriasin and the differentiation marker involucrin. The differentiation-induced psoriasin expression was found to be mediated by the protein kinase C pathway. The downregulation of psoriasin expression by small interfering RNA revealed that psoriasin mediates the expression of involucrin, desmoglein 1, transglutaminase 1 and CD24 in normal differentiation. The lentivirus-mediated overexpression of psoriasin, mimicking the psoriatic milieu, gave rise to an altered regulation of differentiation genes and an expression pattern reminiscent of that in psoriatic epidermis. These findings suggest that psoriasin contributes to the dysregulated differentiation process in the psoriasis epidermis.

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  • 14.
    Ekman, Anna-Karin
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Verma, Deepti
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för mikrobiologi och molekylär medicin.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Genetic variations of NLRP1: susceptibility in psoriasis2014Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology, ISSN 0007-0963, E-ISSN 1365-2133, Vol. 171, nr 6, s. 1517-1520Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein (NLRP)1 is part of the inflammasome multiprotein complex involved in the production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, two cytokines strongly implicated in psoriasis pathogenesis. Genetic variations in NLRP1 are associated with a predisposition for chronic inflammatory conditions.

    OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of genetic variation in the NLRP1 inflammasome in psoriasis susceptibility.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6502867, rs8079034, rs878329 and rs12150220) were investigated by TaqMan allelic discrimination in a patient sample comprising 1847 individuals from 478 families and 802 healthy controls.

    RESULTS: Using the transmission disequilibrium test, a significant increase in the transmission of the NLRP1 rs8079034C and rs878329C alleles to patients with psoriasis was demonstrated (P = 0·006 and P = 0·033, respectively). Furthermore, homozygosity for the rs878329C allele correlated with a younger age of onset. We also observed an increase in the expression of NLRP1 mRNA in the peripheral blood cells of patients with psoriasis. This was accompanied by a higher level of circulating IL-18 and appeared to be associated with the rs878329C allele.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the involvement of NLRP1 and the NLRP1 inflammasome in psoriasis susceptibility and further support the role of innate immunity in psoriasis.

  • 15.
    Sigurdardottir, Gunnthorunn
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ekman, Anna-Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ståhle, Mona
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm .
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Systemic treatment and narrowband ultraviolet B differentially affect cardiovascular risk markers in psoriasis.2014Ingår i: The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology, ISSN 0190-9622, E-ISSN 1097-6787, Vol. 70, nr 6, s. 1067-1075Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is associated with a systemic inflammation and an increased frequency of the metabolic syndrome, both of which are believed to link psoriasis to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

    OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the systemic expression of markers of cardiovascular risk and determine their response to ultraviolet B therapy and treatment with the tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitor, etanercept.

    METHODS: Six markers of cardiovascular risk were measured in 28 patients with psoriasis and 28 control subjects.

    RESULTS: Five of the 6 investigated markers were elevated in patients with psoriasis. Four of these correlated to the body mass index and waist-hip ratio, suggesting a link to the metabolic syndrome. Total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 remained elevated independently of these factors. The levels of the investigated risk markers decreased considerably after tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitor treatment but remained unaffected by ultraviolet therapy.

    LIMITATIONS: A relatively limited study population and nonrandomization are limitations.

    CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the choice of treatment in psoriasis may influence the cardiovascular risk in patients with psoriasis and the metabolic syndrome.

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  • 16.
    Thunell, Lena
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Wäster, Petra
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Stjernstrom, Annika
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    MDM2 SNP309 promoter polymorphism confers risk for hereditary melanoma2014Ingår i: Melanoma research, ISSN 0960-8931, E-ISSN 1473-5636, Vol. 24, nr 3, s. 190-197Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The p53 pathway regulates stress response, and variations in p53, MDM2, and MDM4 may predispose an individual to tumor development. The aim of this study was to study the impact of genetic variation on sporadic and hereditary melanoma. We have analyzed a combination of three functionally relevant variants of the p53 pathway in 258 individuals with sporadic malignant melanomas, 50 with hereditary malignant melanomas, and 799 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, pyrosequencing, and allelic discrimination. We found an increased risk for hereditary melanoma in MDM2 GG homozygotes, which was more pronounced among women (P=0.035). In the event of pairwise combinations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms, a risk elevation was shown for MDM2 GG homozygotes/p53 wild-type Arg in hereditary melanoma (P=0.01). Individuals with sporadic melanomas of the superficial spreading type, including melanoma in situ, showed a slightly higher frequency of the MDM2 GG genotype compared with those with nodular melanomas (P=0.04). The dysplastic nevus phenotype, present in the majority of our hereditary melanoma cases and also in some sporadic cases, further enhanced the effect of the MDM2 GG genotype on melanoma risk (P=0.005). In conclusion, the results show an association between MDM2 SNP309 and an increased risk for hereditary melanoma, especially among women. Analysis of sporadic melanoma also shows an association between MDM2 and the superficial spreading melanoma subtype, as well as an association with the presence of dysplastic nevi in sporadic melanoma.

  • 17.
    Vegfors, Jenny
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ekman, Anna-Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Psoriasin (S100A7) contributes to stress-induced angiogenesis in psoriasis by the regulation of angiogenic factors in keratinocytes and promotion of angiogenic properties of dermal endothelial cells2014Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    The S100 protein psoriasin, S100A7, is highly expressed in psoriasis. Vascular modifications occur early in the development of psoriasis and angiogenesis is one of the key features in the pathogenesis of the disease. This study aims to define the angiogenic properties of psoriasin in keratinocytes and to investigate the effects on dermal endothelial cells, thereby promoting angiogenesis in psoriasis. We showed that psoriasin expression, demonstrated by qPCR, is induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in keratinocytes and by cellular stress, such as hypoxia and cobalt chloride (CoCl2). Down-regulation of psoriasin, by siRNA, decreased the H2O2-induced expression of VEGF, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and counteracted the reduction of the anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin (THBS)-1. Extracellularly psoriasin was found to induce cell proliferation, migration and tube formation to a similar degree as VEGF and to induce the pro-angiogenic factors VEGF and IL-8 in dermal endothelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that psoriasin-induced migration was mediated by the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In conclusion, psoriasin is induced by cellular stress conditions and amplifies H2O2-induced expression of angiogenic factors relevant for psoriasis in keratinocytes. Moreover, psoriasin contributes to key features of the angiogenic process by inducing proliferation, migration and tube formation and increasing pro-angiogenic factors in dermal endothelial cell. Altogether, our data suggest that psoriasin is promoted by oxidative stress and mediate angiogenesis in psoriasis.

  • 18.
    Vegfors, Jenny
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Ekman, Anna-Karin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för inflammationsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Psoriasin (S100A7) is regulated by protein kinase C (PKC) and contributes to keratinocyte differentiation by regulating the expression of epidermal differentiation markers2014Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by hyperproliferation and a disturbed maturation of the epidermal cells. The differentiation process of keratinocytes in active psoriatic lesions differs from that of normal epidermis, denoted by an altered expression of differentiation markers. Psoriasin, a protein which is highly expressed in psoriasis, is located within the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC), a gene cluster that contains several genes that are important in the terminal differentiation of the human epidermis. The potential role of psoriasin in keratinocyte differentiation remain however unclear. The aim of this present study was to investigate the possible involvement of psoriasin in keratinocyte differentiation. We demonstrated, by immunohistochemical staining, a gradient of psoriasin expression in the psoriatic epidermis, from an undefined or weak expression in the basal layer to an intense expression in the suprabasal differentiated layers. The expression of psoriasin was up-regulated in cultured keratinocytes in response to stimuli known to induce differentiation, such as an elevation of extracellular calcium or  12-Otetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Down-regulation of psoriasin expression, by siRNA, resulted in decreased expression of the differentiation markers involucrin, desmoglein 1, transglutaminase 1 and CD24. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) counteracted the calciuminduced expression of psoriasin and involucrin. In summary, our data demonstrate that psoriasin is regulated by the PKC signaling pathway and contributes to keratinocyte differentiation by the regulation of differentiation markers.

  • 19.
    Verma, Deepti
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Farahani, Ensieh
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Synnerstad, Ingrid
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Fredrikson, Mats
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Yrkes- och miljömedicin. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi.
    Rosdahl, Inger
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Dermatologi och venerologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Hjärt- och Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Söderkvist, Peter
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet.
    Inflammasome polymorphisms confer susceptibility to sporadic malignant melanoma2012Ingår i: Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, ISSN 1755-1471, E-ISSN 1755-148X, Vol. 25, nr 4, s. 506-513Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Genetic variants of NLRP3 and NLRP1 are known to modulate levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 beta. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of NLRP3/NLRP1 polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical features of malignant melanoma in a Swedish casecontrol study. Common variants in NLRP3/NLRP1 were investigated in sporadic malignant melanoma patients and healthy controls followed by analysis using logistic regression. NLRP3 variant (rs35829419) was significantly more common in male patients than in controls (OR, 2.22; CI, 1.273.86). Upon stratification, significant association with nodular melanoma was observed (OR, 2.89; CI, 1.336.30), which intensified in male patients (OR 4.03, CI 1.4011.59). The NLRP1 variant (rs12150220) was significantly more common in fair-skinned female patients (OR, 1.85; CI, 1.043.33) and showed strong associations with nodular melanoma (OR, 6.03; CI, 1.3325). Our data suggest that NLRP3/NLRP1 polymorphisms are associated with melanoma susceptibility; these findings warrant validation in other independent populations.

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  • 20.
    Verma, Deepti
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Zamani Fekri, Shora
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Sigurdardottir, Gunnthorunn
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Bivik, Cecilia
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Sandin, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Enerbäck, Charlotta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för cellbiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Medicincentrum, Hudkliniken i Östergötland.
    Enhanced Inflammasome Activity in Patients with Psoriasis Promotes Systemic Inflammation2021Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 141, nr 3, s. 586-595.e5Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Psoriasis is linked to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular comorbidities, but studies of the underlying cellular mechanisms are lacking. The NLRP3 inflammasome is genetically associated with psoriasis, and its activation is increasingly linked with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we show that patients with psoriasis exhibited higher plasma levels of inflammasome-generated IL-1ß and IL-18, without any correlation to skin lesion severity. Increased constitutive expression of the inflammasome sensors NLRP3, NLRP1, and AIM2 was found in peripheral blood cells of the patients and also of those with mild disease, and this was accompanied by an increased caspase-1 reactivity in the myeloid blood subsets. TNF-a was found to activate selectively the NLRP3 inflammasome without the requirement for a priming signal. TNF-a was found to signal through the TNFR?caspase-8?caspase-1 alternative inflammasome pathway, which proceeds independently of pyroptosis. Patients who received anti-TNF therapy had normalized plasma IL-1ß and IL-18 levels as well as normalized caspase-1 reactivity. This was in contrast to the patients treated with methotrexate who exhibited persistent, increased caspase-1 reactivity. Thus, we show that the TNF-a-mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in patients with psoriasis may contribute to systemic inflammation. Anti-TNF therapy normalized inflammasome function, suggesting a mechanism for the cardiovascular risk?reducing effect.

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