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  • 101.
    La Fleur, Linnea
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oto-Rhiono-Laryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Johansson, Ann-Charlotte
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Roberg, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oto-Rhiono-Laryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of ENT - Head and Neck Surgery UHL.
    A CD44(high)/EGFR(low) Subpopulation within Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines Shows an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype and Resistance to Treatment2012In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 7, no 9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mortality in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is high due to emergence of therapy resistance which results in local and regional recurrences that may have their origin in resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cells with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. In the present study, we investigate the possibility of using the cell surface expression of CD44 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), both of which have been used as stem cell markers, to identify subpopulations within HNSCC cell lines that differ with respect to phenotype and treatment sensitivity. Three subpopulations, consisting of CD44(high)/EGFR(low), CD44(high)/EGFR(high) and CD44(low) cells, respectively, were collected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The CD44(high)/EGFR(low) population showed a spindle-shaped EMT-like morphology, while the CD44(low) population was dominated by cobblestone-shaped cells. The CD44(high)/EGFR(low) population was enriched with cells in G0/G1 and showed a relatively low proliferation rate and a high plating efficiency. Using a real time PCR array, 27 genes, of which 14 were related to an EMT phenotype and two with stemness, were found to be differentially expressed in CD44(high)/EGFR(low) cells in comparison to CD44(low) cells. Moreover, CD44(high)/EGFR(low) cells showed a low sensitivity to radiation, cisplatin, cetuximab and gefitinib, and a high sensitivity to dasatinib relative to its CD44(high)/EGFR(high) and CD44(low) counterparts. In conclusion, our results show that the combination of CD44 (high) and EGFR (low) cell surface expression can be used to identify a treatment resistant subpopulation with an EMT phenotype in HNSCC cell lines.

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  • 102.
    Wetterö, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Pettersson, Sofia
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Surgery .
    Holmgren Peterson, Kajsa
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A cellular imaging CDIO project for 2nd semester students in engineering biology2006In: World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education, ISSN 1446-2257, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 279-282Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The demand for exact engineering within the life sciences is growing and the Engineering Biology programme at Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, prepares students for a career at this interface. Conceive – Design – Implement – Operate (CDIO) was recently pioneered in an introductory project course. Groups of six to seven students apply a LIPS scalable project model from traditional engineering educational environments on, for example, a cellular imaging task in a hospital setting, prior to taking courses in cell biology/optics. Besides facilitating the implementation of CDIO in higher courses, students gain early career insight and enhance their communication skills. A customer (senior teacher) needs to visualise structures in cells, and the student group is contracted to deliver an applied and optimised method to meet specified requirements. The customer reviews deliverables before the tollgates and communicates with the student project leader. Other students are responsible for documentation and subsystems. The project is allocated laboratory facilities and hardware, and two fictitious subcontractors supply samples and consumables. Extra teachers perform supervision and methodological consultation. In summary, CDIO is indeed applicable and rewarding in cellular imaging, yet is also challenging.

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  • 103.
    Njagi, Dennis
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Univ Nairobi, Kenya.
    Routh, Joyanto
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Odhiambo, Moses
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Luo, Chen
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Basapuram, Laxmi Gayatri
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Olago, Daniel
    Univ Nairobi, Kenya.
    Klump, Val
    Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI USA; Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI USA.
    Stager, Curt
    Paul Smiths Coll, NY USA.
    A century of human-induced environmental changes and the combined roles of nutrients and land use in Lake Victoria catchment on eutrophication2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 835, article id 155425Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Lake Victoria, a lifeline for millions of people in East Africa, is affected by anthropogenic activities resulting in eutrophication and impacting the aquatic life and water quality. Therefore, understanding the ongoing changes in the catchment is critical for its restoration. In this context, catchment and lake sediments are important archives in tracing nutrient inputs and their dominant sources to establish causality with human activities and productivity shifts. In this study, we determine the 1) changes in concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), black carbon (BC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, and phosphorous (P) fractions in catchment sediments and the open lake, 2) distribution of diatom population in the lake, and 3) land use and land cover changes in the catchment. The distribution of TOC, BC, TN, C/N, and P correlate while showing spatial and temporal variations. In particular, the steady increase in BC confirms atmospheric inputs from anthropogenic activities in the catchment. However, lake sediments show more variations than catchment-derived sediments in geochemical trends. Notably, the catchment has undergone dramatic land use changes since the 1960s (post-independence). This change is most evident in satellite records from 1985 to 2014, which indicate accelerated human activities. For example, urban growth (666-1022%) and agricultural expansion (23-48%) increased sharply at the expense of a decline in forest cover, grassland, and woodlands in the catchment. Cities like Kisumu and Homa Bay expanded, coinciding with rapid population growth and urbanization. Consequently, nutrient inputs have increased since the 1960s, and this change corresponds with the divergence of diatom

  • 104.
    Grundström, Hanna
    et al.
    Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Norrköping. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Kjølhede, Preben
    Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Berterö, Carina
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Alehagen, Siw
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    “A challenge” – healthcare professionals' experiences when meeting women with symptoms that might indicate endometriosis2016In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, ISSN 1877-5756, E-ISSN 1877-5764, Vol. 7, p. 65-69Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    The aim of the study was to identify and describe the experiences of healthcare professionals when meeting women with symptoms that might indicate endometriosis.

    Methods

    Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 gynecologists, six general practitioners and nine midwives working at one university hospital, one central hospital, one private gynecology clinic and five healthcare centers in south-east Sweden. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative conventional content analysis.

    Results

    Three clusters were identified: the corroborating encounter, the normal variation of menstruation cycles, and the suspicion of endometriosis. The healthcare professionals tried to make a corroborating encounter by acknowledging the woman, taking time to listen, and giving an explanation for the problems. Healthcare professionals had different ways to determine what was normal as regards menstrual pain, ovulation pain and dyspareunia. They also needed to have the competence to act and react when the symptoms indicated endometriosis.

    Conclusions

    Meeting women with symptoms that might indicate endometriosis is challenging and demands a certain level of competence from healthcare professionals. Sometimes the symptoms are camouflaged as “normal” menstruation pain, making it hard to satisfy the needs of this patient group.

  • 105.
    Bergfors, Elisabet
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in West Östergötland, Research & Development Unit in Local Health Care.
    Lundmark, Katarzyna
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Inflammation Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics.
    Nyström Kronander, Ulla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Allergy Centre. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Allergy Center.
    A child with a long-standing, intensely itching subcutaneous nodule on a thigh: an uncommon (?) reaction to commonly used vaccines2013In: BMJ Case Reports, E-ISSN 1757-790XArticle in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A 2-year-old girl presented with an intensely itching subcutaneous nodule on the front of a thigh. The nodule persisted for 10 months until it was excised. Subsequent investigation for malignancy and systemic disease showed no pathological findings. The diagnosis, persistent itching vaccination granuloma, was revealed by hazard almost 2 years after the onset of symptoms. Persistent itching subcutaneous nodules at the injection site for aluminium containing vaccines (mostly diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis combination vaccines for primary immunisation of infants) may appear with a long delay after the vaccination (months), cause prolonged itching (years) and are often associated with contact allergy to aluminium. The condition is poorly recognised in Health Care which may lead to prolonged symptoms and unnecessary investigations.

  • 106.
    Matucha, M.
    et al.
    Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
    Gryndler, M.
    Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
    Forczek, S. T.
    Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
    Schroder, P.
    GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health.
    Bastviken, D.
    Stockholm University.
    Rohlenova, J.
    Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
    Uhlikva, H.
    Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Prague.
    Fuksova, K.
    Charles University.
    A chlorine-36 and carbon-14 study of the role of chlorine in the forest ecosystem2007In: Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals, ISSN 0362-4803, Vol. 50, no 5-6, p. 437-439Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 107.
    Hellstrom, Amanda
    et al.
    Linnaeus Univ, Sweden.
    Hagell, Peter
    Kristianstad Univ, Sweden.
    Broström, Anders
    Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology. Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Ulander, Martin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Luik, Annemarie I.
    Univ Oxford, England; Erasmus MC Univ Med Ctr, Netherlands.
    Espie, Colin A.
    Univ Oxford, England.
    Arestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus Univ, Sweden; Reg Kalmar Cty, Sweden.
    A classical test theory evaluation of the Sleep Condition Indicator accounting for the ordinal nature of item response data2019In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 14, no 3, article id e0213533Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Insomnia symptoms are common among young adults and affect about 5% to 26% of 19 to 34-year-olds. In addition, insomnia is associated with poor mental health and may affect daily performance. In research, as well as in clinical practice, sleep questionnaires are used to screen for and diagnose insomnia. However, most questionnaires are not developed according to current DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. An exception is the recently developed Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI), an eight-item scale screening for insomnia. Aim The aim of this study was to perform a Classical Test Theory (CTT) based psychometric evaluation of the SCI in a sample of Swedish university students, by taking the ordinal nature of item level data into account. Methods The SCI was translated into Swedish and distributed online to undergraduate students at three Swedish universities, within programs of health, psychology, science or economy. Of 3673 invited students, 634 (mean age 26.9 years; SD = 7.4) completed the questionnaire that, in addition to the SCI, comprised other scales on sleep, stress, lifestyle and students study environment. Data were analyzed according to CTT investigating data completeness, item homogeneity and unidimensionality. Results Polychoric based explorative factor analysis suggested unidimensionality of the SCI, and internal consistency was good (Cronbachs alpha, 0.91; ordinal alpha, 0.94). SCI scores correlated with the Insomnia Severity Index (-0.88) as well as with sleep quality (-0.85) and perceived stress (-0.50), supporting external construct validity. Conclusions These observations support the integrity of the of the SCI. The SCI demonstrates sound CTT-based psychometric properties, supporting its use as an insomnia screening tool.

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  • 108.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Växsjö University, Växsjö, Sweden.
    A classification of dynamic software architectures2005Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A recent trend in computing is towards more autonomous software systems. This is mainly driven by that our daily life more and more depends on computers and software. Areas like ubiquitous computing with small (embedded) systems and their antipodes world-wide distributed systems require different support in terms of flexibility and availability. Systems must be able to adapt to changes in the environment, including self-healing and adaptation. Users can not take on the tedious task of constantly maintaining and updating their software packages to each and every change. This paper discusses one of the foundations for developers of these systems, dynamic architecture. We investigate the existing body of work in the area and identify dimensions and aspects of dynamically changing arcbitectures. Continuing, we use this division creating a dassification of four fundamental dynamic architecture dasses: Dynamic, Adaptive, Constructive, and Reflective. These four are presented as architectural patterns and their possible application areas are discussed.

  • 109.
    Gustavsson, Jens
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    A Classification of Unanticipated Runtime Software Changes in Java2003In: International Conference on Software Maintenance,2003, IEEE Computer Society , 2003Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 110.
    Olsson, Johan
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A Client-Server Solution for Detecting Guns in School Environment using Deep Learning Techniques2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With the progress of deep learning methods the last couple of years, object detection related tasks are improving rapidly. Using object detection for detecting guns in schools remove the need for human supervision and hopefully reduces police response time. This paper investigates how a gun detection system can be built by reading frames locally and using a server for detection. The detector is based on a pre-trained SSD model and through transfer learning is taught to recognize guns. The detector obtained an Average Precision of 51.1% and the server response time for a frame of size 1920 x 1080 was 480 ms, but could be scaled down to 240 x 135 to reach 210 ms, without affecting the accuracy. A non-gun class was implemented to reduce the number of false positives and on a set of 300 images containing 165 guns, the number of false positives dropped from 21 to 11.

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    A Client-Server Solution for Detecting Guns in School Environment using Deep Learning Techniques
  • 111.
    Olsson, Johan
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Client-Server Solution for Detecting Guns in School Environment using Deep Learning Techniques2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With the progress of deep learning methods the last couple of years, object detectionrelated tasks are improving rapidly. Using object detection for detecting guns in schoolsremove the need for human supervision and hopefully reduces police response time. Thispaper investigates how a gun detection system can be built by reading frames locally andusing a server for detection. The detector is based on a pre-trained SSD model and throughtransfer learning is taught to recognize guns. The detector obtained an Average Precisionof 51.1% and the server response time for a frame of size 1920 x 1080 was 480 ms, but couldbe scaled down to 240 x 135 to reach 210 ms, without affecting the accuracy. A non-gunclass was implemented to reduce the number of false positives and on a set of 300 imagescontaining 165 guns, the number of false positives dropped from 21 to 11.

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  • 112.
    Karlsson, Lars
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Nilsson, Staffan
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Primary Care Center, Primary Health Care Center Vikbolandet.
    Bång, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Human-Centered systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Charitakis, Emmanouil
    Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine.
    Janzon, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    A clinical decision support tool for improving adherence to guidelines on anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke: A cluster-randomized trial in a Swedish primary care setting (the CDS-AF study)2018In: PLoS Medicine, ISSN 1549-1277, E-ISSN 1549-1676, Vol. 15, no 3, article id e1002528Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with substantial morbidity, in particular stroke. Despite good evidence for the reduction of stroke risk with anticoagulant therapy, there remains significant undertreatment. The main aim of the current study was to investigate whether a clinical decision support tool (CDS) for stroke prevention integrated in the electronic health record could improve adherence to guidelines for stroke prevention in patients with AF.

    Methods and findings

    We conducted a cluster-randomized trial where all 43 primary care clinics in the county of Östergötland, Sweden (population 444,347), were randomized to be part of the CDS intervention or to serve as controls. The CDS produced an alert for physicians responsible for patients with AF and at increased risk for thromboembolism (according to the CHA2DS2-VASc algorithm) without anticoagulant therapy. The primary endpoint was adherence to guidelines after 1 year. After randomization, there were 22 and 21 primary care clinics in the CDS and control groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in baseline adherence to guidelines regarding anticoagulant therapy between the 2 groups (CDS group 70.3% [5,186/7,370; 95% CI 62.9%–77.7%], control group 70.0% [4,187/6,009; 95% CI 60.4%–79.6%], p = 0.83). After 12 months, analysis with linear regression with adjustment for primary care clinic size and adherence to guidelines at baseline revealed a significant increase in guideline adherence in the CDS (73.0%, 95% CI 64.6%–81.4%) versus the control group (71.2%, 95% CI 60.8%–81.6%, p = 0.013, with a treatment effect estimate of 0.016 [95% CI 0.003–0.028]; number of patients with AF included in the final analysis 8,292 and 6,508 in the CDS and control group, respectively). Over the study period, there was no difference in the incidence of stroke, transient ischemic attack, or systemic thromboembolism in the CDS group versus the control group (49 [95% CI 43–55] per 1,000 patients with AF in the CDS group compared to 47 [95% CI 39–55] per 1,000 patients with AF in the control group, p = 0.64). Regarding safety, the CDS group had a lower incidence of significant bleeding, with events in 12 (95% CI 9–15) per 1,000 patients with AF compared to 16 (95% CI 12–20) per 1,000 patients with AF in the control group (p = 0.04). Limitations of the study design include that the analysis was carried out in a catchment area with a high baseline adherence rate, and issues regarding reproducibility to other regions.

    Conclusions

    The present study demonstrates that a CDS can increase guideline adherence for anticoagulant therapy in patients with AF. Even though the observed difference was small, this is the first randomized study to our knowledge indicating beneficial effects with a CDS in patients with AF.

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  • 113.
    Jung, Michaela
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology.
    Holmqvist, Annica
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology.
    Sun, Xiao-Feng
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology.
    Albertsson, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology.
    A clinical study of metastasized rectal cancer treatment: assessing a multimodal approach2014In: Medical Oncology, ISSN 1357-0560, E-ISSN 1559-131X, Vol. 31, no 3, p. 839-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Metastasized rectal cancer has long been considered incurable. During recent years, the treatment of rectal cancer patients has been improved, and nowadays, a subgroup of patients might even be cured. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal timing of treatment in a multimodal therapy schedule in order to see whether the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to conventional chemotherapy was effective. The study included 39 patients with metastatic rectal cancer between 2009 and 2011, and three were excluded due to the lack of metastases or lack of follow-up information. The remaining 36 patients were divided into groups by treatment intention. The group with curative intention received mainly oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) in combination with capecitabine (Xeloda) with or without bevacizumab (Avastin) for 2 months followed by preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and surgery. Palliative patients had very different treatments depending on their needs of palliation. The median survival time for patients with curative intention was 31 months and for the palliative patients 12 months. Four of the patients (11%) with curative intention were considered cured at the end of follow-up. The response to chemotherapy after 2-month treatment is a good prognostic sign for which patients can be cured. Long-lasting palliation can be obtained with this treatment schedule. The main side effects were gastrointestinal events, including bowel perforation, neuropathy, thrombo-embolic disease and reduced general condition. All side effects are known, and the treatment is considered tolerable. We conclude that a good treatment schedule would be oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) in combination with capecitabine (Xeloda) with or without bevacizumab (Avastin) for 2 months, followed by preoperative RT and surgery.

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  • 114.
    Larsby, Birgitta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Arlinger, Stig
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A clinical test procedure for evaluation of spectral, temporal and combined spectral temporal resolution.1994In: XXII International Congress of Audiology 1994., 1994Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 115.
    Larsby, Birgitta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Arlinger, Stig
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A clinical test procedure for evaluation of spectral, temporal and combined spectral temporal resolution.1994Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 116.
    Olafsdottir, Arndis F.
    et al.
    NU Hospital Grp, Sweden; University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Attvall, Stig
    Sahlgrens University Hospital, Sweden; University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sandgren, Ulrika
    Sahlgrens University Hospital, Sweden.
    Dahlqvist, Sofia
    NU Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden.
    Pivodic, Aldina
    Statistiska Konsultgruppen, Sweden.
    Skrtic, Stanko
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden; AstraZeneca Rand D, Sweden.
    Theodorsson, Elvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Lind, Marcus
    NU Hospital Grp, Sweden; University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    A Clinical Trial of the Accuracy and Treatment Experience of the Flash Glucose Monitor FreeStyle Libre in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes2017In: Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, ISSN 1520-9156, E-ISSN 1557-8593, Vol. 19, no 3, p. 164-172Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In Sweden, FreeStyle Libre a flash glucose monitoring system came onto the market in 2014 as a complement to self-monitoring of blood glucose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and treatment experience of the FreeStyle Libre system. Methods: Fifty-eight adults with type 1 diabetes used FreeStyle Libre for 10-14 days and measured capillary blood glucose levels with the HemoCue blood glucose measurement system at least six times a day simultaneously. Results: For the entire study period, the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) was 13.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.0%-14.4%). MARD was 13.6% (95% CI 12.1%-15.4%) during week 1 and 12.7% (95% CI 11.5%-13.9%) during week 2. The mean absolute difference (MAD) for the whole study period was 19.8mg/dL (1.1mmol/L) (95% CI 17.8-21.8 mg/dL), including 20.5 mg/dL (1.14 mmol/L) during week 1 and 19.0 mg/dL (1.05 mmol/L) during week 2. The overall correlation coefficient was 0.96. For glucose values amp;lt; 72, 72-180, and amp;gt; 180mg/dL (amp;lt; 4, 4-10, and amp;gt; 10 mmol/L), the MARD was 20.3% (95% CI 17.7%-23.1%), 14.7% (95% CI 13.4%-16%), and 9.6% (95% CI 8.5%-10.8%), respectively, and respective MAD values were 12.3, 17.8, and 23.6 mg/dL (0.69, 0.99, and 1.31mmol/L). Using the 10-item visual analog scale, patients rated their experience with FreeStyle Libre as generally positive, with mean values ranging from 8.22 to 9.8. Conclusions: FreeStyle Libre had a similar overall MARD as continuous blood glucose monitoring systems in earlier studies when studied in similar at-home conditions. The overall patient satisfaction was high.

  • 117.
    Lindqvist, Maria
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Isaksson, Barbro
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Samuelsson, Annika
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Lennart
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hällgren, Anita
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Infectious Diseases . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases in Östergötland.
    A clonal outbreak of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus with concomitant resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and tobramycin in a Swedish county2009In: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, ISSN 0036-5548, Vol. 41, no 5, p. 324-333Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In contrast to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), studies on clonal distribution of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are scarce. Since 2004, an increasing incidence of concomitant resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and tobramycin (ECT) among MSSA has been detected in Ostergotland County, Sweden. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic relatedness among these isolates with 2 genotyping methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence-based typing of the polymorphic region X of the staphylococcal protein A gene (spa typing), and to determine the incidence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene. When genotyping 54 ECT-resistant MSSA isolates from 49 patients (1 isolate per patient per y), 91% were shown to be part of a clonal outbreak with both methods used (spa type t002). The clonal outbreak was concentrated in 8 hospital departments and 2 primary care centres, all located in the city of Linkoping. All isolates were negative for the PVL gene. In conclusion, this study demonstrates an ongoing clonal outbreak of PVL-negative ECT-resistant MSSA. This stresses the need to continuously maintain basic hygiene rules, since nosocomial transmission of pathogens is not limited to known resistant bacteria such as MRSA.

  • 118.
    Tegnell, Anders
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Infectious Diseases. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Saeedi, Baharak
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Isaksson, Barbro
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Granfeldt, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Thoracic Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öhman, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Infectious Diseases. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A clone of coagulase-negative staphylococci among patients with post-cardiac surgery infections2002In: Journal of Hospital Infection, ISSN 0195-6701, E-ISSN 1532-2939, Vol. 52, no 1, p. 37-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are important causes of hospital-acquired infections such as infections after cardiac surgery. Efforts to reduce these infections are hampered by the lack of knowledge concerning the epidemiology of CoNS in this setting. Forty strains of CoNS collected during the surgical revision of 27 patients operated on between 1997 and 2000 were analysed. Strains were also collected from the ambient air in the operating suite. Their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) characteristics and antibiotic resistance were analysed. Using PFGE 19 of 40 strains from 15 of 27 patients were shown to belong to one clone, and strains from this clone were also isolated from the ambient air. This clone had caused infections throughout the period. Antibiotic resistance did not correlate with PFGE patterns. Using PFGE one clone could be identified that caused 56% of the CoNS infections during this period. A strain from this clone was also found in the air of the operating suite suggesting the origin of the CoNS causing infections was the hospital environment.

  • 119.
    Islam, Md. Zahidul
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Cloud Based Platform for Big Data Science2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 30 credits / 45 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With the advent of cloud computing, resizable scalable infrastructures for data processing is now available to everyone. Software platforms and frameworks that support data intensive distributed applications such as Amazon Web Services and Apache Hadoop enable users to the necessary tools and infrastructure to work with thousands of scalable computers and process terabytes of data. However writing scalable applications that are run on top of these distributed frameworks is still a demanding and challenging task. The thesis aimed to advance the core scientific and technological means of managing, analyzing, visualizing, and extracting useful information from large data sets, collectively known as “big data”. The term “big-data” in this thesis refers to large, diverse, complex, longitudinal and/or distributed data sets generated from instruments, sensors, internet transactions, email, social networks, twitter streams, and/or all digital sources available today and in the future. We introduced architectures and concepts for implementing a cloud-based infrastructure for analyzing large volume of semi-structured and unstructured data. We built and evaluated an application prototype for collecting, organizing, processing, visualizing and analyzing data from the retail industry gathered from indoor navigation systems and social networks (Twitter, Facebook etc). Our finding was that developing large scale data analysis platform is often quite complex when there is an expectation that the processed data will grow continuously in future. The architecture varies depend on requirements. If we want to make a data warehouse and analyze the data afterwards (batch processing) the best choices will be Hadoop clusters and Pig or Hive. This architecture has been proven in Facebook and Yahoo for years. On the other hand, if the application involves real-time data analytics then the recommendation will be Hadoop clusters with Storm which has been successfully used in Twitter. After evaluating the developed prototype we introduced a new architecture which will be able to handle large scale batch and real-time data. We also proposed an upgrade of the existing prototype to handle real-time indoor navigation data.

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    A Cloud Based Platform for Big Data Science
  • 120.
    Basile, Maurizio
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    Raciti, Massimiliano Gabriele
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    A Cloud-Based Execution Environment for a Pandemic Simulator2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis is to develop a flexible distributed platform designed toexecute a disease outbreaks simulator in a fast way over many types of platformsand operating systems. The architecture is realized using the Elastic ComputeCloud (EC2) supplied by Amazon and Condor as middleware among the varioustypes of OS. The second part of the report describes the realization of a webapplication that allows users to manage easily the various part of the architecture,to launch the simulations and to view some statistics of the relative results.

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    FULLTEXT03
  • 121.
    Eriksson, Henrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, MDALAB - Human Computer Interfaces. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Raciti, Massimiliano
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Basile, Maurizio
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cunsolo, Alessandro
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Fröberg, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, MDALAB - Human Computer Interfaces. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Leifler, Ola
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, MDALAB - Human Computer Interfaces. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ekberg, Joakim
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Timpka, Toomas
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A Cloud-Based Simulation Architecture for Pandemic Influenza Simulation2011In: AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings 2011, Curran , 2011, p. 364-373Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    High-fidelity simulations of pandemic outbreaks are resource consuming. Cluster-based solutions have been suggested for executing such complex computations. We present a cloud-based simulation architecture that utilizes computing resources both locally available and dynamically rented online. The approach uses the Condor framework for job distribution and management of the Amazon Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2) as well as local resources. The architecture has a web-based user interface that allows users to monitor and control simulation execution. In a benchmark test, the best costadjusted performance was recorded for the EC2 H-CPU Medium instance, while a field trial showed that the job configuration had significant influence on the execution time and that the network capacity of the master node could become a bottleneck. We conclude that it is possible to develop a scalable simulation environment that uses cloud-based solutions, while providing an easy-to-use graphical user interface.

  • 122.
    Sanchez Centellas, Daniel
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Gudlur, Sushanth
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Nanyang Technology University, Singapore.
    Vicente Carrillo, Alejandro
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Ramström, Sofia
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Lindahl, Tomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    A cluster of aspartic residues in the extracellular loop II of PAR 4 is important for thrombin interaction and activation of platelets2017In: Thrombosis Research, ISSN 0049-3848, E-ISSN 1879-2472, Vol. 154, p. 98-106Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thrombin activates platelets via proteolytic cleavage of protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 and 4. The two PARs have distinct but complementary roles. The mechanisms responsible for PAR1 activation by thrombin have been extensively studied. However, much less is known regarding thrombin activation of PAR4, especially the potential involvement of regions of PAR4 other than the N-terminal, which is bound to the catalytic site of thrombin. We have studied PAR4 in S. cerevisiae strainMMY12, an expression system in which the GPCR receptors are connected to a Lac Z reporter gene resulting in increased beta-galactosidase activity. This approach was used to assess PAR4 mutants to evaluate the contribution of different aspartic residues in facilitating PAR4 activation. Furthermore, peptides mimicking parts of the PAR4 N-terminal and the second extracellular loop (ECLII) were tested for their ability to inhibit platelet activation by thrombin. Binding of these peptides to gamma-thrombin was studied by monitoring the decrease in tryptophan fluorescence intensity of thrombin. We conclude that not only the N-terminal but also the electronegative aspartic residues D224, D230 and D235 (located in ECLII) are be important for PAR4 binding to thrombin. We further suggest that they play a role for the tethered ligand binding to the receptor, as mutations also affected activation in response to a PAR4-activating peptide mimicking the new N-terminal formed after cleavage. This agrees with previous results on PAR1 and thrombin binding. We suggest that the ECLII of PAR4 could be a potential target for antithrombotic drug development. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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    fulltext
  • 123.
    Shutova, T
    et al.
    Umeå University.
    Klimov, VV
    Russian Academy of Sciences.
    Andersson, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Samuelsson, G
    Umeå University.
    A cluster of carboxylic groups in PsbO protein is involved in proton transfer from the water oxidizing complex of Photosystem II2007In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, ISSN 0005-2728, E-ISSN 1879-2650, Vol. 1767, no 6, p. 434-440Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The hypothesis presented here for proton transfer away from the water oxidation complex of Photosystem II (PSII) is supported by biochemical experiments on the isolated PsbO protein in solution, theoretical analyses of better understood proton transfer systems like bacteriorhodopsin and cytochrome oxidase, and the recently published 3D structure of PS II (Pdb entry IS5L). We propose that a cluster of conserved glutamic and aspartic acid residues in the PsbO protein acts as a buffering network providing efficient acceptors of protons derived from substrate water molecules. The charge delocalization of the cluster ensures readiness to promptly accept the protons liberated from substrate water. Therefore protons generated at the catalytic centre of PSII need not be released into the thylakoid lumen as generally thought. The cluster is the beginning of a localized, fast proton transfer conduit on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane Proton-dependent conformational changes of PsbO may play a role in the regulation of both supply of substrate water to the water oxidizing complex and the resultant proton transfer.

  • 124.
    Zarenoe, Reza
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ledin, Torbjörn
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oto-Rhiono-Laryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Linköping.
    A cohort study of patients with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss in a Swedish population2013In: Auris, nasus, larynx, ISSN 0385-8146, E-ISSN 1879-1476, Vol. 40, no 1, p. 41-45Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe a large cohort of patients with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in Sweden, and also to explore the possibility of finding potential possible differences between various diagnoses within SNHL. It is also of great interest to see how a multidisciplinary team was used in the different subgroups and the frequency of hearing aids use in patients with tinnitus.

    METHODS: Medical records of all patients who had received the diagnosis SNHL in Östergötland County, Sweden between 2004 and 2007 were reviewed. Patients between 20 and 80 years with tinnitus and a pure tone average (PTA) lower than 70dB HL were included in the study. Patients were excluded from the analyses if they had a cochlear implantation, middle ear disorders or had a hearing loss since birth or childhood. The investigators completed a form for each included patient, covering background facts, and audiograms taken at the yearly check up.

    RESULTS: Of a total 1672 patients' medical record review, 714 patients were included. The majority of patients (79%) were in the age group over 50 years. In male patients with bilateral tinnitus, the PTA for the left ear was significantly higher than for the right ear. The results regarding the configuration of hearing loss revealed that 555 patients (78%) had symmetric and 159 (22%) asymmetric hearing loss. Retrocochlear examinations were done in 372 patients and MRI was the most common examination. In all patients, 400 had no hearing aids and out of those 220 had unilateral tinnitus and 180 patients had bilateral tinnitus. 219 patients had a PTA>20dB HL and did not have any hearing aid. Results demonstrated that the Stepped Care model was not used widely in the daily practice. In our study, patients with bilateral-, unilateral hearing loss or Mb Ménière were the most common patients included in the Stepped Care model.

    CONCLUSION: In a large cohort of patients with SNHL and tinnitus, despite their hearing loss only 39% had hearing aids. It was observed that the medical record review often showed a lack of information about many background factors, such as; patients' general health condition, which could be a quality factor that needs improvement. Our results show that the Stepped Care model could be an effective option for providing a better access for tinnitus-focused treatment, although the number of patients in this study who were included in the Stepped Care model was low.

  • 125.
    Palmberg, Staffan
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology.
    Ranlöf, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology.
    A Collaborative VolumeViewer2002Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree)Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study has been carried out as a part of the EC funded project, SMARTDOC IST-2000-28137, with the objective of developing application components that provide highly interactive visualization and collaboration functionalities. The low-level components from the graphics library AVS OpenViz 2.0 are used as the development basis. The application components can be inserted into electronic documents that allow embedded controls such as web documents or Microsoft Word or PowerPoint documents. Instead of displaying results as static images, a SMARTDOC component provides the ability to visualize data and interact with it inside the document.

    Although the principal goal of the SMARTDOC project is to create components in a number of different application domains this study concentrates on developing a medical imaging application component in collaboration with the project partners AETmed and professor Alan Jackson at the University of Manchester. By incorporating the application component into patient reports, the clinicians are provided the ability to interact with the 3D data that is described in the reports. To improve the usability of the component, it makes use of a visual user interface (VUI), which gives the user the ability to interact and change parameters directly in the visualization process.

    Collaborative work over geographical distances is an area that is becoming increasingly common and thus more interesting. As the availability of bandwidth has increased and the communication technologies have advanced, many companies express their interest for this new practical method of work. A company with offices in different countries would benefit from collaborative techniques providing closer cooperation within the company. Specialized institutions and laboratories could gather much experience and information through collaborative research. Medical imaging and visualization technique are areas where distinct disciplines such as networking, user interfaces and 3D visualization naturally can be fused together in order to develop collaborative environments. The visualization components developed within the SMARTDOC project will be the foundation for collaborative application components integrated with the Microsoft DirectX® multimedia library. In the medical imaging area, collaborative work can be used to improve diagnoses, journaling and teaching.

    This study focuses on developing a prototype of an interactive visualization component for 3D medical imaging and creating a collaborative environment using a multimedia library originally meant for network gaming.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 126.
    Johansson, Kajsa
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Öberg, Birgitta
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Adolfsson, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Orthopaedic Centre, Department of Orthopaedics Linköping.
    Foldevi, Mats
    Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Central County Primary Health Care.
    A combination of systematic review and clinicians’ beliefs in interventions for subacromial pain2002In: British Journal of General Practice, ISSN 0960-1643, Vol. 52, no 475, p. 145-152Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study is to determine which treatments for patients with subacromial pain are trusted by general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists, and to compare trusted treatments with evidence from a systematic critical review of the scientific literature. A two-step process was used: a questionnaire (written case simulation) and a systematic critical review. The questionnaire was mailed to 18 GPs and 71 physiotherapists in Sweden. The total response rate was 72% (186/259). The following treatments were trusted: ergonomics/adjustments at work, corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs, movement exercises, acupuncture, ultrasound therapy, strengthening exercises, stretching, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, and superficial heat or ice therapy. The review, including efficacy studies for the treatments found to be trusted, was conducted using the CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases. Evidence for efficacy was recorded in relation to methodological quality and to diagnostic criteria that labelled participants as having subacromial pain or a non-specific shoulder disorder. Forty studies were included. The methodological quality varied and only one treatment had definitive evidence for efficacy for non-specific patients, namely injection of corticosteroids. The trust in corticosteroids, injected in the subacromial bursa, was supported by definitive evidence for short-term efficacy. Acupuncture had tentative evidence for short-term efficacy in patients with subacromial pain. Ultrasound therapy was ineffective for subacromial pain. This is supported by tentative evidence and, together with earlier reviews, this questions both the trust in the treatment and its use. The clinicians' trust in treatments had a weak association with available scientific evidence.

  • 127.
    Karlsson, Anna
    et al.
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden.
    Cirenajwis, Helena
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden.
    Ericson-Lindquist, Kajsa
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
    Brunnstrom, Hans
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
    Reutersward, Christel
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden.
    Jönsson, Mats
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden.
    Ortiz-Villalon, Cristian
    Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hussein, Aziz
    Department of Pathology and cytology, Sahlgrenska university hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bergman, Bengt
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Vikström, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Respiratory Medicine.
    Monsef, Nastaran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Divison of Neurobiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Clinical pathology.
    Branden, Eva
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and CMM, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University; Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden.
    Koyi, Hirsh
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and CMM, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University; Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden.
    de Petris, Luigi
    Thoracic Oncology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Department Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Micke, Patrick
    Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Patthey, Annika
    Department of Pathology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
    Behndig, Annelie F.
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Johansson, Mikael
    Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Planck, Maria
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Staaf, Johan
    Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden.
    A combined gene expression tool for parallel histological prediction and gene fusion detection in non-small cell lung cancer2019In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 9, article id 5207Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Accurate histological classification and identification of fusion genes represent two cornerstones of clinical diagnostics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we present a NanoString gene expression platform and a novel platform-independent, single sample predictor (SSP) of NSCLC histology for combined, simultaneous, histological classification and fusion gene detection in minimal formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue. The SSP was developed in 68 NSCLC tumors of adenocarcinoma (AC), squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) histology, based on NanoString expression of 11 (CHGA, SYP, CD56, SFTPG, NAPSA, TTF-1, TP73L, KRT6A, KRT5, KRT40, KRT16) relevant genes for IHC-based NSCLC histology classification. The SSP was combined with a gene fusion detection module (analyzing ALK, RET, ROS1, MET, NRG1, and NTRK1) into a multicomponent NanoString assay. The histological SSP was validated in six cohorts varying in size (n = 11-199), tissue origin (early or advanced disease), histological composition (including undifferentiated cancer), and gene expression platform. Fusion gene detection revealed five EML4-ALK fusions, four KIF5B-RET fusions, two CD74-NRG1 fusion and three MET exon 14 skipping events among 131 tested cases. The histological SSP was successfully trained and tested in the development cohort (mean AUC = 0.96 in iterated test sets). The SSP proved successful in predicting histology of NSCLC tumors of well-defined subgroups and difficult undifferentiated morphology irrespective of gene expression data platform. Discrepancies between gene expression prediction and histologic diagnosis included cases with mixed histologies, true large cell carcinomas, or poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas with mucin expression. In summary, we present a proof-of-concept multicomponent assay for parallel histological classification and multiplexed fusion gene detection in archival tissue, including a novel platform-independent histological SSP classifier. The assay and SSP could serve as a promising complement in the routine evaluation of diagnostic lung cancer biopsies.

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  • 128.
    Fritzson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Common Intermediate Representation for C, Pascal, Modula-2 and Fortran-771986Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports on a unified abstract syntax tree representation, called CIR, which is a program representation for a multi-language environment. The languages in question are C, Pascal, Modula-2 and Fortran-77. Nodes in this intermediate representation usually correspond to syntactic constructs in these languages. It is also possible to reconstruct source text from the CIR representation.It proved possible to achieve a fairly high degree of uniformity in the intermediate representation for the expression and statement parts of these languages. However, the declaration structure proved to be much more irregular, especially for C and Fortran-77. Also, some statistics on different node classes is presented for the languages involved, and a comparison to Diana is done.

  • 129.
    Lin, Chih-Yuan
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Nadjm-Tehrani, Simin
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A Comparative Analysis of Emulated and Real IEC-104 Spontaneous Traffic in Power System Networks2021In: Cyber-Physical Security for Critical Infrastructures Protection / [ed] Abie, Habtamu; Ranise, Silvio; Verderame, Luca; Cambiaso, Enrico; Ugarelli, Rita; Giunta, Gabriele; Praça, Isabel; Battisti, Federica, Springer International Publishing , 2021, p. 207-223Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Supervisory and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems control and monitor modern power networks. As attacks targeting SCADA systems are increasing, significant research is conducted to defend SCADA networks including variations of anomaly detection. Due to the sensitivity of real data, many defence mechanisms have been tested only in small testbeds or emulated traffic that were designed with assumptions on how SCADA systems behave. This work provides a timing characterization of IEC-104 spontaneous traffic and compares the results from emulated traffic and real traffic to verify if the network characteristics appearing in testbeds and emulated traffic coincide with real traffic. Among three verified characteristics, two of them appear in the real dataset but in a less regular way, and one does not appear in the collected real data. The insights from these observations are discussed in terms of presumed differences between emulated and real traffic and how those differences are generated.

  • 130.
    Keyvanpour, Daniel
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A Comparative Case Study on How the Swedish and British Armed Forces Use Multi Domains in Aspects of Methods, Technology, and Organization2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The multi-domain operations are vaguely defined and there are a variety of interpretations. In general terms, multi-domain can be described as a means of communication between different joint forces such as land, water, air, cyber, and space. In multi-domain operations, the focus is on how those domains can integrate using technologies, methods, and planning. 

    By interviewing individuals with long experience in both the British and Swedish Armed Forces and conducting a literature study, the focus has been on understanding how multi-domain operations as a concept are understood, interpreted, and implemented in the respective nation’s operations today regarding the technology and organizational structure.  

    The results were compared with frameworks such as Federated Mission Networking (FMN) and Level of Information Systems Interoperability (LISI). The analysis shows that both the Swedish and British Armed Forces need greater interoperability. In order to have a better ability to cooperate within their forces, a more agile approach to the organization is needed that takes advantage of information and communication technologies. This can be achieved by managing different protocols through the different layers and models and by introducing a cloud service that functions as a cloud service function where the information flow is fast and easily accessible, independent of the domain.

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    Daniel Keyvanpour, master thesis
  • 131.
    Eilertsen, Gabriel
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Mantiuk, R. K.
    University of Cambridge, England.
    Unger, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A comparative review of tone-mapping algorithms for high dynamic range video2017In: Computer graphics forum (Print), ISSN 0167-7055, E-ISSN 1467-8659, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 565-592Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Tone-mapping constitutes a key component within the field of high dynamic range (HDR) imaging. Its importance is manifested in the vast amount of tone-mapping methods that can be found in the literature, which are the result of an active development in the area for more than two decades. Although these can accommodate most requirements for display of HDR images, new challenges arose with the advent of HDR video, calling for additional considerations in the design of tone-mapping operators (TMOs). Today, a range of TMOs exist that do support video material. We are now reaching a point where most camera captured HDR videos can be prepared in high quality without visible artifacts, for the constraints of a standard display device. In this report, we set out to summarize and categorize the research in tone-mapping as of today, distilling the most important trends and characteristics of the tone reproduction pipeline. While this gives a wide overview over the area, we then specifically focus on tone-mapping of HDR video and the problems this medium entails. First, we formulate the major challenges a video TMO needs to address. Then, we provide a description and categorization of each of the existing video TMOs. Finally, by constructing a set of quantitative measures, we evaluate the performance of a number of the operators, in order to give a hint on which can be expected to render the least amount of artifacts. This serves as a comprehensive reference, categorization and comparative assessment of the state-of-the-art in tone-mapping for HDR video.

  • 132.
    Hassan, Osama
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Emad, Nour
    WSP Sverige AB, Norrkoping, Sweden.
    Gabriel, Abdulahad
    AFRY AB, Norrkoping, Sweden.
    A comparative study between glulam and concrete columns in view of design, economy and environment2022In: Case Studies in Construction Materials, E-ISSN 2214-5095, Vol. 16, article id e00966Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, it is attempted to study possible sustainability solutions for building structures. In this context, comparisons are made between two load-bearing columns with different building materials – glued laminated timber and concrete – with regard to structural design, economic consequences and the emission of greenhouse gases. In terms of structural design, the results show that with small axial forces, glulam columns will result in smaller cross-sectional areas compared to concrete columns. However, at larger axial forces, concrete columns will result in smaller cross-sectional areas than glulam columns. An increased column length also means larger dimensions for glulam columns, but this does not always apply to concrete columns. With respect to environmental impact, it is shown that using glulam columns is the more environmentally friendly option. From an economic point of view, the cost estimates for glulam and concrete columns may vary depending on the country and the abundance of the construction material. In Sweden, a forest-rich country, it is shown that the costs for both column types are quite similar considering small axial loads. At higher axial loading, concrete is generally the cheaper alternative.

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  • 133.
    Gustavsson, Johan
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Zenterio.
    A Comparative Study of Automated Test Explorers2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With modern computer systems becoming more and more complicated, theimportance of rigorous testing to ensure the quality of the product increases.This, however, means that the cost to perform tests also increases. In orderto address this problem, a lot of research has been conducted during thelast years to find a more automated way of testing software systems. Inthis thesis, different algorithms to automatically explore and test a systemhave been implemented and evaluated. In addition to this, a second setof algorithms have been implemented with the objective to isolate whichinteractions with the system were responsible for a failure. These algorithmswere also evaluated and compared against each other. In the first evaluationtwo explorers, which I called DeBruijn and LStarExplorer, were consideredsuperior to the other. The first used a DeBruijn sequence to brute forcea solution while the second used the L*-algorithm to build an FSM overthe system under test. This FSM could then be used to provide a moreaccurate description for when the failure occurred. The result from thesecond evaluation were two reducers which both tried to recreate a failureby first applying interactions performed just before the failure occurred. Ifthis was not successful, they tried interactions further and further away, untilthe failure was triggered. In addition to this, the thesis contains descriptionsabout the framework used to run the different strategies.

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  • 134.
    Elwing, B
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science.
    Kullberg, C
    Kucinskiene, Z
    Björegren, M
    Abaravicius, A
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of health and environment.
    A comparative study of food intake between Lithuanian and Swedish middle-aged men: The LiVicordia study2001In: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning, ISSN 1102-6480, E-ISSN 1651-2359, Vol. 45, no 3, p. 126-130Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In 1994, the mortality in coronary heart disease was four times higher among Lithuanian middle-aged men than among Swedish men. Over the period 1993-1995, the LiVicordia study investigated possible causes for this difference. We have earlier reported lower serum levels of cholesterol and higher susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for oxidation among Lithuanian men. Objective: In this part of the study, the aim was to compare mean estimates of food intake. Design: Cross-sectional study of random samples of 50-year-old men from each of the cities of Link÷ping, Sweden and Vilnius, Lithuania (n=150). The volunteers were interviewed about their food intake with the 24-hour recall method. Results: We found no differences in total energy intake, but Vilnius men had a higher energy intake from fat. Vilnius men consumed more fat from meat and less vegetable fat, while fat intake from dairy products was almost the same. Also, Vilnius men had a higher intake of vegetables, while Link÷ping men had a higher intake of fruit and berries. Conclusion: The observed differences in food consumption and dietary composition are partly consistent with the higher CHD mortality among Lithuanian men. However, data on biomarkers indicate that other dietary and lifestyle factors play a role.

  • 135.
    Shi, Yuchen
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jokubavicius, Valdas
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Höjer, Pontus
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Ivanov, Ivan Gueorguiev
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Yazdi, Gholamreza
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Yakimova, Rositsa
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Syväjärvi, Mikael
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Sun, Jianwu W.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Semiconductor Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A comparative study of high-quality C-face and Si-face 3C-SiC(1 1 1) grown on off-oriented 4H-SiC substrates2019In: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, ISSN 0022-3727, E-ISSN 1361-6463, Vol. 52, no 34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a comparative study of the C-face and Si-face of 3C-SiC(111) grown on off-oriented 4H-SiC substrates by the sublimation epitaxy. By the lateral enlargement method, we demonstrate that the high-quality bulk-like C-face 3C-SiC with thickness of ~1 mm can be grown over a large single domain without double positioning boundaries (DPBs), which are known to have a strongly negative impact on the electronic properties of the material. Moreover, the C-face sample exhibits a smoother surface with one unit cell height steps while the surface of the Si-face sample exhibits steps twice as high as on the C-face due to step-bunching. High-resolution XRD and low temperature photoluminescence measurements show that C-face 3C-SiC can reach the same high crystalline quality as the Si-face 3C-SiC. Furthermore, cross-section studies of the C- and Si-face 3C-SiC demonstrate that in both cases an initial homoepitaxial 4H-SiC layer followed by a polytype transition layer are formed prior to the formation and lateral expansion of 3C-SiC layer. However, the transition layer in the C-face sample is extending along the step-flow direction less than that on the Si-face sample, giving rise to a more fairly consistent crystalline quality 3C-SiC epilayer over the whole sample compared to the Si-face 3C-SiC where more defects appeared on the surface at the edge. This facilitates the lateral enlargement of 3C-SiC growth on hexagonal SiC substrates.

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  • 136.
    Larsby, Birgitta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hergils, Leif
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting.
    Billermark, Erica
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting.
    A comparative study of the glycerol test, electrocochleography (ECoG) and measurement of the travelling wave velocity  in diagnosis of Meniere's disease1999Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 137.
    Nordigården, Amanda
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Halvarsson, Camilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Tang, Yan-juan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Druid, Pia
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Hematology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jönsson, Jan-Ingvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Hematology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VARIOUS FLT3-ITD MUTATIONS ISOLATED FROM ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS in EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY, vol 40, issue 8, pp S130-S1312012In: EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY, Elsevier , 2012, Vol. 40, no 8, p. S130-S131Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 138.
    Nordigården, Amanda
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Tang, Yanjuan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Halvarsson, Camilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jönsson, Jan-Ingvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Hematology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A comparative study of various FLT3-ITDs in relation to function and signalingManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Internal tandem duplications (ITD) in the FMS like tyrosine kinase (FLT3) receptor are one of the most common classes of mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which presence indicates a poor prognosis. Lengths of FLT3-ITD mutations found in patients can vary from 3 up to hundreds of nucleotides and may be located either in the juxtamembrane domain or the tyrosine kinase-1 domain (TKD1). There are contradicting opinions whether the length of the ITD has an impact on the clinical situation and whether tyrosines duplicated are of any significance for oncogenic signaling. Considering the substantial differences in lengths as well as the variability of start and end points of ITDs, we have performed a study of various FLT3-ITD mutations isolated from AML-patients. The ITD region from leukemic blasts of nine AML patients were sequenced and cloned by PCR into the human wildtype FLT3 cDNA, inserted to a retroviral GFP-containing vector. The hematopoietic progenitor cell line FDC-P1 was used to elucidate the impact of the different ITDs on growth, survival, signal transduction, and resistance to the FLT3-targeting inhibitor PKC412. Interestingly, the shortest and the longest ITDs were two of the three mutations that lead to the poorest survival of cells upon cytokine-deprivation, indicating that ITD size may not influence the transforming potential of cells. Furthermore one ITD that starts and ends relatively 3´ positioned, and comprises the 5´-part of the TKD1 showed both a survival advantage in starvation experiments and a significantly higher proliferation potential in comparison to several other mutations. Two other ITDs spanning this region, but with more 5´localized starting points, displayed less sensitivity to PKC412 treatment. However, this was not associated to STAT5 activity and MCL-1 upregulation as suggested by previous report. Taken together, this study suggests that different FLT3-ITD mutations may induce distinct signaling and response towards FLT3 targeting drugs, dependent of FLT3-ITD composition and not length.

  • 139.
    Svärd, Anna
    et al.
    Rheumatology Clinic, Falun Hospital, Falun.
    Kastbom, Alf
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Söderlin, Maria K.
    Spenshult Rheumatology Centre, Oskarström, Sweden.
    Reckner-Olsson, Åsa
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Skogh, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Rheumatology.
    A Comparison Between IgG- and IgA-class Antibodies to Cyclic Citrullinated Peptides and to Modified Citrullinated Vimentin in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis and Very Early Arthritis2011In: Journal of Rheumatology, ISSN 0315-162X, E-ISSN 1499-2752, Vol. 38, no 7, p. 1265-1272Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. Because of their slightly higher sensitivity, it has been argued that antibodies to modified citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) are superior to antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP), while others claim that anti-CCP is preferable because of higher diagnostic specificity for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We evaluated IgG- and IgA-class anti-MCV and anti-CCP as diagnostic and prognostic markers in early arthritis. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods. Two Swedish arthritis populations were examined: 215 patients with early RA (andlt;= 12 months duration) from the Swedish TIRA-1 cohort, and 69 patients with very early arthritis (andlt;= 3 months duration) from the Kronoberg Arthritis Incidence cohort, in which 22% were diagnosed with RA. IgG anti-CCP and anti-MCV antibodies were analyzed with commercial kits. These tests were modified for IgA-class antibody detection. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults were related to disease course, smoking habits, and shared epitope status. Results. In the TIRA-1 cohort, occurrence of IgG anti-MCV and IgG anti-CCP showed a 93% overlap, although IgG anti-MCV had higher diagnostic sensitivity. Twenty-four percent tested positive for IgA anti-MCV compared to 29% for IgA anti-CCP. In the Kronoberg Arthritis Incidence cohort, 15% tested positive for IgG anti-MCV and 6% for IgA anti-MCV, compared to 10% positive for IgG anti-CCP and 3% positive for IgA anti-CCP, revealing that anti-CCP had higher diagnostic specificity for RA. As previously reported for IgA anti-CCP, IgA anti-MCV antibodies occurred in a small proportion of high-level IgG antibody-positive sera and were associated with a more aggressive disease course. Smokers were more often positive for antibodies to citrullinated proteins, most strikingly among the patients who were IgA anti-MCV-positive. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion. The occurrences of IgG-class anti-MCV and anti-CCP in early RA largely overlap. The sensitivity of anti-MCV is slightly higher, while the diagnostic specificity is higher for anti-CCP. In both instances a positive test predicts an unfavorable disease course, possibly slightly more so for anti-MCV. Although associated with a more active disease over time, IgA-class anti-CCP or anti-MCV do not add any diagnostic advantage.

  • 140.
    Ödkvist, LM
    et al.
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting.
    Thell, Jan
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting.
    Larsby, Birgitta
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A Comparison between Smooth Pursuit and Visual Suppression1988In: In Adv. Oto-Rhino-Laryng. Vol 41, 109-115. / [ed] Pirodda E, Pompeiano O., 1988, p. 109-115Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 141.
    Josefsson, Ann
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Gunnervik, Christina
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Sydsjö, Adam
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    A Comparison Between Swedish Midwives and Obstetricians and Gynecologists Opinions on Cesarean Section2011In: MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL, ISSN 1092-7875, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 555-560Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To compare Swedish obstetricians/gynecologists and midwives attitudes and opinions on different aspects of cesarean section (CS). In total 330 midwives from the south east of Sweden and 1280 Swedish obstetricians/gynecologists were asked to answer a study-specific questionnaire anonymously about their opinions on different issues concerning CS. The majority of obstetricians/gynecologists and midwives had more than 10 years of experience in their professions (75.2% vs. 73.6%). The midwives thought that a reasonable CS rate would be 11.5% whereas the corresponding figures for the obstetricians/gynecologists was 13.8% (P andlt; 0.001). There are differences in opinions and attitudes concerning both CS rates and other aspects in connection with CS. There are evident differences in attitudes towards CS and mode of delivery between midwives and obstetricians/gynecologists. These need to be explored and discussed in relation to state-of-the-art knowledge and should become a part of the curriculum for both groups of professionals both in training as well as on a regular clinical basis.

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  • 142.
    Zetterqvist, Maria
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Linköping.
    Lundh, Lars-Gunnar
    Lund University, Sweden .
    Svedin, Carl Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A Comparison of Adolescents Engaging in Self-Injurious Behaviors With and Without Suicidal Intent: Self-Reported Experiences of Adverse Life Events and Trauma Symptoms2013In: Journal of Youth and Adolescence, ISSN 0047-2891, E-ISSN 1573-6601, Vol. 42, no 8, p. 1257-1272Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Research comparing adolescents engaging in suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), both separately and in combination, is still at an early stage. The purpose of the present study was to examine overlapping and distinguishable features in groups with different types of self-injurious behaviors, using a large community sample of 2,964 (50.6 % female) Swedish adolescents aged 15-17 years. Adolescents were grouped into six categories based on self-reported lifetime prevalence of self-injurious behaviors. Of the total sample, 1,651 (55.7 %) adolescents reported no self-injurious behavior, 630 (21.2 %) reported NSSI 1-4 times, 177 (6.0 %) reported NSSI 5-10 times, 311 (10.5 %) reported NSSI a parts per thousand yen 11 times, 26 (0.9 %) reported lifetime prevalence of suicide attempt and 169 (5.7 %) adolescents reported both NSSI and suicide attempt. After controlling for gender, parental occupation and living conditions, there were significant differences between groups. Pairwise comparisons showed that adolescents with both NSSI and suicide attempt reported significantly more adverse life events and trauma symptoms than adolescents with only NSSI, regardless of NSSI frequency. The largest differences (effect sizes) were found for interpersonal negative events and for symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress. Adolescents with frequent NSSI reported more adversities and trauma symptoms than those with less frequent NSSI. There were also significant differences between all the NSSI groups and adolescents without any self-injurious behavior. These findings draw attention to the importance of considering the cumulative exposure of different types of adversities and trauma symptoms when describing self-injurious behaviors, with and without suicidal intent.

  • 143.
    Esamai, Fabian
    et al.
    Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
    Mining, Simeon
    Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
    Forsberg, Pia
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Infectious Diseases. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lewis, David H.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    A comparison of brain, core and skin temperature in children with complicated and uncomplicated malaria2001In: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, ISSN 0142-6338, E-ISSN 1465-3664, Vol. 47, no 3, p. 170-175Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A prospective study was carried out in which brain, core and skin temperatures were studied in children with cerebral malaria (n = 23), uncomplicated malaria (n = 12) and normal children (n = 9) using the zero heat flow method. Patients with cerebral or uncomplicated malaria were admitted to the paediatric wards (mean age, 6 years 8 months ± 2 years 8 months). Normal children, children of the investigators, of the same age group, served as controls. Parasitaemia levels were similar in the cerebral and uncomplicated malaria cases. Higher brain than core temperatures would have been expected in cerebral malaria but not in uncomplicated malaria but this was not the case in this study. There was no statistical difference in brain, core and skin temperature between cerebral and uncomplicated malaria patients. However, there was a highly significant difference between normal children and cerebral and uncomplicated malaria patients. Brain temperature was 0.02–0.2°C below core temperature in all the groups with larger differences during the febrile period. Mean differences of brain minus core, brain minus skin and core minus skin between the two groups of patients were not statistically significant. There was no correlation between temperature and the level of coma or parasitaemia for cerebral and uncomplicated malaria patients. There was a positive correlation between brain and core temperature in both groups of patients during the febrile phase. Brain temperature remained lower than core temperature in cerebral and uncomplicated malaria as in normal children. Normal thermoregulation appears to be maintained in cerebral malaria.

  • 144.
    Vavruch, Ludvig
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV). Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Spinal Surgery.
    Tropp, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV). Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Spinal Surgery. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Orthopaedics in Linköping.
    A Comparison of Cobb Angle: Standing Versus Supine Images of Late-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis2016In: Polish Journal Of Radiology, ISSN 1733-134X, Vol. 81, p. 270-276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Scoliosis is traditionally evaluated by measuring the Cobb angle in radiograph images taken while the patient is standing. However, low-dose computed tomography (CT) images, which are taken while the patient is in a supine position, provide new opportunities to evaluate scoliosis. Few studies have investigated how the patient's position, standing or supine, affects measurements. The purpose of this study was to compare the Cobb angle in images from patients while standing versus supine.less thanbr /greater thanMaterial/methods: A total of 128 consecutive patients (97 females and 21 males; mean age 15.5 [11-26] years) with late-onset scoliosis requiring corrective surgery were enrolled. One observer evaluated the type of curve (Lenke classification) and measured the Cobb angle in whole-spine radiography (standing) and scout images from low-dose CT (supine) were taken on the same day.less thanbr /greater thanResults: For all primary curves, the mean Cobb angle was 59 (SD 12) while standing and 48 (SD 12) while in the supine position, with a mean difference of 11 (SD 5). The correlation between primary standing and supine images had an r value of 0.899 (95% CI 0.860-0.928) and an intra-class correlation coefficient value of 0.969. The correlation between the difference in standing and supine images from primary and secondary curves had an r value of 0.340 (95% CI 0.177-0.484).less thanbr /greater thanConclusions: We found a strong correlation between the Cobb angle in images obtained while the patient was standing versus supine for primary and secondary curves. This study is only applicable for patients with severe curves requiring surgical treatment. It enables additional studies based on low-dose CT.

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  • 145.
    Fridahl, Mathias
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Centre for Climate Science and Policy Research.
    Hagemann, Markus
    NewClimate Institute Climate Policy and Global Sustainab, Germany; University of Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Roeser, Frauke
    NewClimate Institute Climate Policy and Global Sustainab, Germany.
    Amars, Latif
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Centre for Climate Science and Policy Research.
    A Comparison of Design and Support Priorities of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions2015In: Journal of Environment and Development, ISSN 1070-4965, E-ISSN 1552-5465, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 237-264Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In context of the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, developing countries are asked to contribute to greenhouse gas control objectives by proposing so-called Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs). Although the concept provides developing countries with complete flexibility to design NAMAs, a majority of proposals seek international support. This article improves our understanding of the matching of NAMA design and international support by exploring (mis-) alignment between support providers and NAMA developers prioritization for NAMAs. The article assesses survey responses from support providers in light of records of NAMAs. We conclude that there is a mismatch between support providers primary emphasis on systems for measuring emissions reductions and the lack of such provisions in existing NAMA proposals. Furthermore, sector preferences may create structural biases in NAMA support.

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  • 146.
    Dang, Nguyen Thong
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology.
    Tavanti, Monica
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology.
    Rankin, Ivan
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Visual Information Technology and Applications (VITA). Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cooper, Matthew
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Visual Information Technology and Applications (VITA). Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A comparison of different input devices for a 3D environment2007In: European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2007,2007, London: ACM Press , 2007, p. 153-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Motivation - To identify a suitable interaction modality -among the ones currently implemented in a three-dimensional (3D) environment for Air Traffic Control- for allowing interactive exploration of and gathering information about 3D weather structures. Research approach - A usability study entailing four interaction modalities (also called -interaction interfaces-): voice, wand, pen and sketch interfaces, across a task requiring 3D surface exploration, information gathering and recall of information. Quantitative data (time, errors and a composite performance index) as well as qualitative data were collected. Findings/Design - Overall, the results indicate that the wand supported a better performance when compared to the other interaction interfaces. Among the four interaction interfaces, the voice interface seems to present additional limitations, mostly related to time lag in the voice recognition, that were judged as a source of frustration. Originality/Value - The present work provides empirical results deriving from a comparative usability study of four interaction interfaces; it contributes to the study of interaction in 3D environments with new empirical data.

  • 147.
    Thong Dang, Nguyen
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Tavanti, Monica
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Rankin, Ivan
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Visual Information Technology and Applications (VITA). Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Cooper, Matthew
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Visual Information Technology and Applications (VITA). Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A comparison of different input devices for a 3D environment2009In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS, ISSN 0169-8141, Vol. 39, no 3, p. 554-563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a usability study comparing wand, voice, and two tablet-PC based interfaces across a task requiring three-dimensional surface exploration, information gathering and recall of information. The aim of this study was to identify a suitable interaction interface, among the ones implemented in a three-dimensional environment for Air Traffic Control, for interactive exploration of and gathering information about three-dimensional weather structures. Data concerning time, error rate, number of control actions as well as participants feedback on ease of learning, ease of use, frustration and perceived difficulty of the performed task were collected. The results indicate that the wand interface supported better performance when compared with the other interaction interfaces. Among the four interaction interfaces, the voice interface seems to present several limitations, mostly related to time lag in the voice recognition, which was judged by the subjects as a source of frustration.

  • 148.
    McAuliffe, Tomomi
    et al.
    Curtin University, Australia.
    Vaz, Sharmila
    Curtin University, Australia.
    Falkmer, Torbjörn
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Pain and Rehabilitation Center. Curtin University, Australia; La Trobe University, Australia; Cooperat Research Centre Living Autism Spectrum Disorder, Australia.
    Cordier, Reinie
    Curtin University, Australia.
    A comparison of families of children with autism spectrum disorders in family daily routines, service usage, and stress levels by regionality2017In: Developmental Neurorehabilitation, ISSN 1751-8423, E-ISSN 1751-8431, Vol. 20, no 8, p. 483-490Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To explore whether family routines, service usage, and stress levels in families of children with autism spectrum disorder differ as a function of regionality. Methods: Secondary analysis of data was undertaken from 535 surveys. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate differences between families living in densely populated (DP) areas and less densely populated (LDP) areas. Results: Families living in LDP areas were found to: (1) have reduced employment hours (a two-parent household: Exp (B) = 3.48, p amp;lt; .001, a single-parent household: Exp (B) = 3.32, p = .011); (2) travel greater distance to access medical facilities (Exp (B) = 1.27, p = .006); and (3) report less severe stress levels (Exp (B) = 0.22, p = .014). Conclusions: There were no differences in family routines; however, flexible employment opportunities and travel distance to medical services need to be considered in families living in LDP areas.

  • 149.
    Vogel, K
    Swedish Natl Rd & Transport Res Inst, S-58195 Linkoping, Sweden.
    A comparison of headway and time to collision as safety indicators2003In: Accident Analysis and Prevention, ISSN 0001-4575, E-ISSN 1879-2057, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 427-433Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The two safety indicators "headway" and "time to collision (TTC)" are discussed and compared with respect to their usefulness in determining the safety of different traffic situations, like different locations in a junction. Over a 6-day-period traffic flow measures were taken in a four-way junction with stop signs on the minor road. It was found that for vehicles in a car following situation headway and TTC are independent of each other. The percentage of small headways is relatively constant across different locations in the junction, while the percentage of small TTC values varies between different locations. It is recommended to use headway for enforcement purposes, because small headways generate potentially dangerous situations. TTC, on the other hand, should be used when a certain traffic environment is to be evaluated in terms of safety, because it indicates the actual occurrences of dangerous situations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 150.
    Sundell, Anna Lena
    et al.
    Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Törnhage, Carl-Johan
    Department of Paediatrics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden / Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg's University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Marcusson, Agneta
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Maxillofacial Unit.
    A comparison of health-related quality of life in 5- and 10-year-old Swedish children with and without cleft lip and/or palate2017In: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, ISSN 0960-7439, E-ISSN 1365-263X, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 238-246Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background The current understanding on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young Swedish children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is sparse, and therefore, research on impact of CL/P on HRQoL in children is needed.

    Aims To investigate HRQoL in 5- and 10-year-old Swedish children with CL/P in comparison with non-cleft controls. Also to analyse whether there were any differences in HRQoL between children with cleft lip (with or without cleft palate, CL ± P) and cleft palate only (CP) and/or gender differences. Design A total of 137 children with CL/P and 305 non-cleft controls participated. HRQoL was measured with KIDSCREEN-52.

    Results All children in the study exhibited HRQoL within or above the age-matched reference interval of the method with similar results in both groups; however, in the dimension ‘social support and peers’, the 10-year-old children with CL/P perceived lower HRQoL than the non-cleft controls, but it did not reach statistical significance. Type of cleft or gender did not influence HRQoL.

    Conclusions Both 5- and 10-year-old Swedish children with CL/P had HRQoL in the normal reference interval. Their general life situations were well adjusted to their clefts, but the older children with CL/P felt more excluded and less supported by peers.

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