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  • 201.
    Jiang, Ke
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Eles, Petru
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Peng, Zebo
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Design Framework for Dynamic Embedded Systems with Security Constraints2013In: The 12th Swedish System-on-Chip Conference (SSoCC 2013), Ystad, Sweden, May 6-7, 2013 (not reviewed, not printed)., 2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 202.
    Engelson, Vadim
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    Larsson, Håkan
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    Fritzson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    A design, simulation and visualization environment for object-oriented mechanical and multi-domain models in Modelica1999In: 1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization, Proceedings / [ed] E. Banissi, F. Khosrowshahi, M. Sarfraz, E. Tatham, A. Ursyn, 1999, p. 188-193Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The complexity of mechanical and multi-domain simulation models is rapidly increasing. Therefore new methods and standards are needed for model design. A new language, Modelica, has been proposed by an international design committee as a standard, object oriented, equation based language suitable for description of the dynamics of systems containing mechanical, electrical, chemical and other types of components. However, it is complicated to describe the system models in textual form, whereas CAD systems are convenient tools for this purpose. We have designed an environment that supports the translation from CAD models to standard Modelica notation. This notation is then used for simulation and visualization. Assembly information is extracted from the CAD models, from which a Modelica model is generated. By solving equations expressed in Modelica, the system is simulated. A 3D visualization tool based on OpenGL visualizes expected and actual model behavior, as well as additional parameters. The environment has been applied for robot and flight simulation

  • 203.
    Ernstsson, August
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Vandenbergen, Nicolas
    Julich Supercomp Ctr, Germany.
    Keller, Jörg
    Fernuniv, Germany.
    Kessler, Christoph
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A Deterministic Portable Parallel Pseudo-Random Number Generator for Pattern-Based Programming of Heterogeneous Parallel Systems2022In: International journal of parallel programming, ISSN 0885-7458, E-ISSN 1573-7640, Vol. 50, p. 319-340Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SkePU is a pattern-based high-level programming model for transparent program execution on heterogeneous parallel computing systems. A key feature of SkePU is that, in general, the selection of the execution platform for a skeleton-based function call need not be determined statically. On single-node systems, SkePU can select among CPU, multithreaded CPU, single or multi-GPU execution. Many scientific applications use pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) as part of the computation. In the interest of correctness and debugging, deterministic parallel execution is a desirable property, which however requires a deterministically parallelized pseudo-random number generator. We present the API and implementation of a deterministic, portable parallel PRNG extension to SkePU that is scalable by design and exhibits the same behavior regardless where and with how many resources it is executed. We evaluate it with four probabilistic applications and show that the PRNG enables scalability on both multi-core CPU and GPU resources, and hence supports the universal portability of SkePU code even in the presence of PRNG calls, while source code complexity is reduced.

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  • 204.
    Zhang, Ying
    et al.
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    Hong, Xinpeng
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    Chen, Zhongsheng
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    Peng, Zebo
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jiang, Jianhui
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    A Deterministic-Path Routing Algorithm for Tolerating Many Faults on Very-Large-Scale Network-on-Chip2021In: ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, ISSN 1084-4309, E-ISSN 1557-7309, Vol. 26, no 1, article id 8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Very-large-scale network-on-chip (VLS-NoC) has become a promising fabric for supercomputers, but this fabric may encounter the many-fault problem. This article proposes a deterministic routing algorithm to tolerate the effects of many faults in VLS-NoCs. This approach generates routing tables offline using a breadth-first traversal algorithm and stores a routing table locally in each switch for online packet transmission. The approach applies the Tarjan algorithm to degrade the faulty NoC and maximizes the number of available nodes in the reconfigured NoC. In 2D NoCs, the approach updates routing tables of some nodes using the deprecated channel/node rules and avoids deadlocks in the NoC. In 3D NoCs, the approach uses a forbidden-turn selection algorithm and detour rules to prevent faceted rings and ensures the NoC is deadlock-free. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides fault-free communications of 2D and 3D NoCs after injecting 40 faulty links. Meanwhile, it maximizes the number of available nodes in the reconfigured NoC. The approach also outperforms existing algorithms in terms of average latency, throughput, and energy consumption.

  • 205.
    Chen, Zhongsheng
    et al.
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    Zhang, Ying
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    Peng, Zebo
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jiang, Jianhui
    Tongji Univ, Peoples R China.
    A Deterministic-Path Routing Algorithm for Tolerating Many Faults on Wafer-Level NoC2019In: 2019 DESIGN, AUTOMATION and TEST IN EUROPE CONFERENCE and EXHIBITION (DATE), IEEE , 2019, p. 1337-1342Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wafer-level NoC has emerged as a promising fabric to further improve supercomputer performance, but this new fabric may suffer from the many-fault problem. This paper presents a deterministic-path routing algorithm for tolerating many faults on wafer-level NoCs. The proposed algorithm generates routing tables using a breadth-first traversal strategy, and stores one routing table in each NoC switch. The switch will then transmit packages according to its routing table online. We use the Tarjan algorithm to dynamically reconfigure the routes to avoid the faulty nodes and develop the deprecated link/node rules to ensure deadlock-free communication of the NoCs. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm does not only tolerate the effects of many faults, but also maximizes the available nodes in the reconfigured NoC. The performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of average latency, throughput, and energy consumption is also better than those of the existing solutions.

  • 206.
    Larsson, Anders
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ingmarsson, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, MDALAB - Human Computer Interfaces. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Sun, Bo
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Development Platform for Distributed User Interfaces2007In: Proceedings of the Nineteenth InternationalConference on Software Engineering & Knowledge Engineering (SEKE’2007), 2007, p. 704-704Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Developing user interfaces for a heterogeneous environment is a difficult challenge. Partial distribution of the user interface is an event harder one. Specifically providing developers with means of describing and controlling how components move around as devices are included or removed We present an approach to overcome these challenges, by combining ontologies with reasoning engines. Our tool MaDoE uses Protégé in combination with Jess to exemplify this in a simulated home setting. Our approach allows system developers to take advantage of the formal knowledge in the ontologies as well harnessing the power of rules inside the expert system when they design distributed user interfaces.

  • 207.
    Wahlström, Ola
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Orthopaedic Centre, Department of Orthopaedics Linköping.
    Knutsson, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Device for Generation of Electromagnetic Fields of Extremely Low Frequency1984In: Journal of Biomedical Engineering, ISSN 0141-5425, Vol. 6, no 4, p. 293-296Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new device for generation of electromagnetic fields at extra low frequencies, to be used in fracture treatment, is described. The device involves a coil and a battery powered noise-generator. An alternating magnetic field of 4 × 10−4T (4 Gauss) (RMS value) with a frequency range 1–1000 Hz is generated. Results from a controlled randomized study of fresh fractures have shown significant differences (p < 0.01) between the treated group and the control group. The results are encouraging and motivate further investigations with this method.

  • 208.
    Taxén, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Human-Centered systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A dialectical approach for transcending structuralism2024In: Signs in Activities: New Directions for Integrational Linguistics / [ed] D. Duncker, A. Pablé, London: Routledge , 2024, p. 81-105Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this contribution is to explore how a dialectical approach may further Integrational Linguistics into transcending structuralism. The strategy employed is to articulate the biomechanical and macrosocial factors in the communicational infrastructure as neurobiological attractors and social anchors respectively. Hence, the inquiry focuses on the dialectical relation between an individual’s neurobiological structure and her ability to confer signhood onto activity-relevant phenomena in the social environment. This makes it possible to conceive new directions for Integrational Linguistics by rethinking central aspects such as contextuality, indeterminacy, cotemporality, integration, and coordination. Conjectural as these directions may be, I put forward that the dialectical approach provides a promising launchpad for further inquiries into transcending structuralism and beyond.

  • 209.
    Dale, Nell
    et al.
    University of Texas at Austin.
    Bishop, Judith
    University of Pretoria.
    Barnes, David
    University of Kent at Canterbury.
    Kessler, Christoph
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A dialog between authors and teachers2002In: Proc. ACM SIGCSE ITiCSE'02 7th Annual Conf. on Information Technology in Computer Science Education, Aarhus, Denmark, June 2002.', New York: ACM , 2002Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 210.
    Lagerkvist, Victor
    et al.
    Institut f¨ur Algebra, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
    Roy, Biman
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A dichotomy theorem for the inverse satisfiability problem2017In: Proceedings ofthe 37th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 211.
    Häggblad, Erik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Petersson, Henrik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ilias, Michail A.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Anderson, Chris D
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology and Venerology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Dermatology and Venerology in Östergötland.
    Salerud, Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A diffuse reflectance spectroscopic study of UV-induced erythematous reaction across well-defined borders in human skin2010In: Skin research and technology, ISSN 0909-752X, E-ISSN 1600-0846, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 283-290Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction The colour of tissue is often of clinicaluse in the diagnosis of tissue homeostasis andphysiological responses to various stimuli.Determining tissue colour changes and borders,however, often poses an intricate problem and visualexamination, constituting clinical praxis, does notallow them to be objectively characterized orquantified. Demands for increased inter- and intraobserverreproducibility have been incentives for theintroduction of objective methods and techniques fortissue colour (e.g. erythema) evaluation. The aim ofthe present paper was to study the border zone of anUVB provoked erythematous response of humanskin in terms of blood volume and oxygenationmeasured by means of diffuse reflectancespectroscopy using a commercial probe.

    Material and Methods A provocation model, basedon partial masking of irradiated skin areas, definestwo erythema edges at every skin site responding tothe UV irradiation. In every subject, 5 test sites wereexposed with a constant UV light irradiance (14mW/cm2), but with different exposures times (0, 3,6, 9, 12 seconds). An analysis of the spectral datameasured across the two edges was performed for every scan line. The oxygenized and deoxygenizedhemoglobin contents were estimated in everymeasurement point, using a modified Beer-Lambertmodel.

    Results The fit of the experimental data to the model derived by the modified Beer-Lambert law was excellent (R2>0.95). Analyzing data for the chromophore content showed that the erythematous response in provoked areas is dominated by the increase in oxyhemoglobin. The width for the left and right border zone was estimated to 1.81±0.93 mm and 1.90±0.88 mm respectively (M±SD). The unprovoked area between the two edges was estimated to 0.77±0.68 mm.

    Conclusion While the chosen data analysis performed satisfactory, the ability of the probe design to differentiate spatial aspects of a reaction with abrupt borders was found to be suboptimal resulting in a probable overestimation of the erythematous edge slope. Probe modification or imaging are possible solutions.

  • 212.
    Svärd, Anna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kastbom, Alf
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland.
    Sommarin, Yngve
    EuroDiagnostica AB, Malmö.
    Skogh, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland.
    A disease-modifying role for mucosal IgA antibodies to citrullinated antigens?2012In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, ISSN 0003-4967, E-ISSN 1468-2060, Vol. 71, no Issue suppl. 1, p. A38-A39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    The aim of this study was to investigate whether immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides CCP) can be detected in saliva of patients with established heumatoid arthritis (RA) and if it relates to clinical manifestations.

    Methods

    Salivary samples were collected (by ‘passive drooling’) from 63 consecutive patients with established RA at a visit to the rheumatology outpatient clinic (Falun, Sweden), and from 20 healthy persons (hospital staff). The samples were centrifuged and kept frozen at −70°C until analysis. IgA-class anti-CCP antibodies in saliva were analysed by adaptation of commercial ELISA (Immunoscan RA, Euro-Diagnostica AB, Malmo, Sweden) using polyclonal rabbit antihuman α-chain specific antibodies conjugated with horseradish peroxidase(DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) as secondary antibody. To ensure specificity of the reaction, a corresponding ELISA was set up to analyse IgA antibodies to control antigen(cyclic arginine peptide, CAP), and anti-CCP/anti-CAP ratios were calculated. Also, inhibition studies were performed by preincubation of sera with soluble CCP or CAP. Clinical and laboratory data on disease activity, that is, C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and 28-joint count disease activity score (DAS28) as well as radiological outcome (occurrence or absence of erosions as judged by a radiologist in diagnostic routine) were achieved retrospectively via the patients’ medical records.

    Results

    Background reactivity against CCP was found in virtually all patients and healthy subjects, whereas a positive anti-CCP/anti-CAP ratio (≥1.5) was found in 14 out of 63 RA patients (22%) and in one healthy subject (5%). Salivary IgA-reactivity with CCP was dose-dependently inhibited by soluble CCP (but not with CAP) in sera with anti-CCP/anti- CAP ratios ≥1.5. No IgG-reactivity to CCP was found in saliva, although all patients with salivary IgA anti-CCP tested IgG anti-CCP-positive in serum. Furthermore, less than half of those testing IgA-positive in saliva were IgA anti-CCP positive in serum, strongly arguing against passive leakage of anti-CCP antibodies from blood to saliva. The patients testing positive for salivary IgA antibodies had lower average disease activity measures (CRP, ESR, DAS28) at presentation and fewer developed bony erosions within 6 years after presentation (p=0.043, Fisher’s exact test).

    Conclusion

    Salivary IgA antibodies to citrullinated proteins were found in a subset of IgG anti-CCP positive RA patients. In contrast to their serum counterparts, salivary IgA antibodies may associate with a milder/less destructive disease course. This accords with the notion that secretory IgA antibodies exert anti-inflammatory actions, and that they may be associated with induction of systemic tolerance (oral tolerance). The possible disease-modifying role of mucosal immunity to citrullinated proteins needs further investigation!

                    

                                                                    

  • 213.
    Svärd, Anna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kastbom, Alf
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland.
    Sommarin, Yngve
    Eurodiagnostica AB.
    Skogh, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Centre, Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland.
    A Disease-Modifying Role for Mucosal IgA Antibodies to Citrullinated Antigens? in ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM, vol 63, issue 10, pp S849-S8492011In: ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM, Wiley-Blackwell , 2011, Vol. 63, no 10, p. S849-S849Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 214.
    Gustafsson, Mikael
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Medical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Magnusson, Karl-Eric
    Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Medical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A distributed image-processing system for measurements of intracellular calcium in living cells1991In: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, ISSN 0169-2607, E-ISSN 1872-7565, Vol. 36, no 4, p. 199-221Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the last decade, image-processing techniques have been introduced as a valuable tool in biologically oriented research. In combination with novel fluorescent probes, these techniques permit assessment of subcellular distributions of several intracellularly important cations, such as free calcium ions and protons. Typically, systems used for image processing are located centrally around the experimental setup. This configuration has drawbacks, mainly because the laborious extraction and processing of data that generally follow an experimental session limits the access to the system for other investigators. We describe here the principles of a distributed image processing system, based on IBM-compatible personal computers (PCs), that without extra hardware can cope with all the necessary image processing involved in imaging of intracellular cations. The potential of the PC as an image processor, however, reaches beyond this specific application and many image processing tasks can be carried out successfully on a standard PC. Thus, the centrally located dedicated image processor is used only for image acquisition in the experimental situation. This in turn optimizes the utilization of expensive resources and increases efficiency. The mouse-operated software is described in detail, so that interested investigators can extract useful parts for integration into their own applications and experimental environment.

  • 215.
    Karlsson, Anna-Carin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Fallahsharoudi, Amir
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Johnsen, Hanna
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Hagenblad, Jenny
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Wright, Dominic
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Andersson, Leif
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Jensen, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A domestication related mutation in the thyroid stimulating hormonereceptor gene (TSHR) modulates photoperiodic response andreproduction in chickens2016In: General and Comparative Endocrinology, ISSN 0016-6480, E-ISSN 1095-6840, Vol. 228, p. 69-78Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The thyroid stimulating hormone receptor gene (TSHR) has been suggested to be a ‘‘domestication locus”in the chicken. A strong selective sweep over TSHR in domestic breeds together with significant effects ofa mutation in the gene on several domestication related traits, indicate that the gene has been importantfor chicken domestication. TSHR plays a key role in the signal transduction of seasonal reproduction,which is characteristically less strict in domestic animals. We used birds from an advanced intercross linebetween ancestral Red Junglefowl (RJF) and domesticated White Leghorn (WL) to investigate effects ofthe mutation on reproductive traits as well as on TSHB, TSHR, DIO2 and DIO3 gene expression duringaltered day length (photoperiod). We bred chickens homozygous for either the mutation (d/d) or wildtype allele (w/w), allowing assessment of the effect of genotype at this locus while also controlling forbackground variation in the rest of the genome. TSHR gene expression in brain was significantly lowerin both d/d females and males and d/d females showed a faster onset of egg laying at sexual maturity thanw/w. Furthermore, d/d males showed a reduced testicular size response to decreased day length, andlower levels of TSHB and DIO3 expression. Additionally, purebred White Leghorn females kept under naturalshort day length in Sweden during December had active ovaries and lower levels of TSHR and DIO3expression compared to Red Junglefowl females kept under similar conditions. Our study indicates thatthe TSHR mutation affects photoperiodic response in chicken by reducing dependence of seasonal reproduction,a typical domestication feature, and may therefore have been important for chickendomestication.

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  • 216.
    Lukin, Kara
    et al.
    National Jewish Health.
    Fields, Scott
    National Jewish Health.
    Guerrettaz, Lisa
    National Jewish Health.
    Straign, Desiree
    National Jewish Health.
    Rodriguez, Valerie
    National Jewish Health.
    Zandi, Sasan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Hematology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Mansson, Robert
    Lund Strategic Centre for Stem Cell Biology.
    Cambier, John C.
    National Jewish Health.
    Sigvardsson, Mikael
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Hematology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hagman, James
    National Jewish Health.
    A dose-dependent role for EBF1 in repressing non-B-cell-specific genes2011In: European Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0014-2980, E-ISSN 1521-4141, Vol. 41, no 6, p. 1787-1793Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the absence of early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), B-cell development is arrested at an uncommitted progenitor stage that exhibits increased lineage potentials. Previously, we investigated the roles of EBF1 and its DNA-binding partner Runx1 by evaluating B lymphopoiesis in single (EBF1(het) and Runx1(het)) and compound haploinsufficent (Ebf1(+/-) Runx1(+/-), ER(het)) mice. Here, we demonstrate that decreased Ebf1 gene dosage results in the inappropriate expression of NK-cell lineage-specific genes in B-cell progenitors. Moreover, prolonged expression of Ly6a/Sca-1 suggested the maintenance of a relatively undifferentiated phenotype. These effects were exacerbated by reduced expression of Runx1 and occurred despite expression of Pax5. Repression of inappropriately expressed genes was restored in most pre-B and all immature B cells of ER(het) mice. Enforced EBF1 expression repressed promiscuous transcription in pro-B cells of ER(het) mice and in Ebf1(-/-) Pax5(-/-) fetal liver cells. Together, our studies suggest that normal levels of EBF1 are critical for maintaining B-cell identity by directing repression of non-B-cell-specific genes.

  • 217.
    Hussien, Abdelazim
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Fayoum Univ, Egypt.
    Liang, Guoxi
    Wenzhou Polytech, Peoples R China.
    Chen, Huiling
    Wenzhou Univ, Peoples R China.
    Lin, Haiping
    Hangzhou Vocat & Tech Coll, Peoples R China.
    A Double Adaptive Random Spare Reinforced Sine Cosine Algorithm2023In: CMES - Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, ISSN 1526-1492, E-ISSN 1526-1506, Vol. 136, no 3, p. 2267-2289Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many complex optimization problems in the real world can easily fall into local optimality and fail to find the optimal solution, so more new techniques and methods are needed to solve such challenges. Metaheuristic algorithms have received a lot of attention in recent years because of their efficient performance and simple structure. Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is a recent Metaheuristic algorithm that is based on two trigonometric functions Sine & Cosine. However, like all other metaheuristic algorithms, SCA has a slow convergence and may fail in sub-optimal regions. In this study, an enhanced version of SCA named RDSCA is suggested that depends on two techniques: random spare/replacement and double adaptive weight. The first technique is employed in SCA to speed the convergence whereas the second method is used to enhance exploratory searching capabilities. To evaluate RDSCA, 30 functions from CEC 2017 and 4 real-world engineering problems are used. Moreover, a non parametric test called Wilcoxon signed-rank is carried out at 5% level to evaluate the significance of the obtained results between RDSCA and the other 5 variants of SCA. The results show that RDSCA has competitive results with other metaheuristics algorithms.

  • 218.
    Eriksson, Katarina
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Carlsson, Bodil
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Microbiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Forsum, Urban
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Microbiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Larsson, P-G
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital of Sko¨vde, Sweden.
    A double-blind treatment study of bacterial vaginosis with normal vaginal lactobacilli after an open treatment with vaginal clindamycin ovules2005In: Acta Dermato-Venereologica, ISSN 0001-5555, E-ISSN 1651-2057, Vol. 85, no 1, p. 42-46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The expected 4-week cure rate after conventional treatment of bacterial vaginosis are only 65-70%. In an attempt to improve the cure rate by adding probiotic lactobacilli we performed a double-blind placebo-controlled study of adjuvant lactobacilli treatment after an open treatment with vaginal clindamycin ovules. Women with bacterial vaginosis as defined by Amsel's criteria were treated with clindamycin ovules. Vaginal smears were collected and analysed according to Nugent's criteria. During the following menstruation period the women used, as an adjuvant treatment, either lactobacilli-prepared tampons or placebo tampons. The lactobacilli tampons were loaded with a mixture of freeze-dried L. fermentum, L. casei var. rhamnosus and L. gasseri. The cure rate was recorded after the second menstruation period. There was no improvement in the cure rate after treatment with lactobacilli-containing tampons compared to placebo tampons, the cure rates as defined by Amsel's criteria were 56% and 62%, respectively, and 55% and 63%, as defined by Nugent's criteria. This is the first study to report cure rates for women with 'intermediate' wet smear ratings according to Nugent's classification and this group had an overall cure rate of 44%. The cure rate of treatment of bacterial vaginosis was not improved by using lactobacilli-prepared tampons for one menstruation.

  • 219.
    Andersson, Anders
    et al.
    Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, Fordonsteknik och simulering, FTS.
    Andersson Hultgren, Jonas
    Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, Fordonsteknik och simulering, FTS.
    Leandertz, Rickard
    Hiq Accelerated Concept Evaluation AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Martin
    Pitch Technologies.
    Eriksson, Steve
    Pitch Technologies.
    Jakobson, Ola
    Volvo Car Corporation.
    A Driving Simulation Platform using Distributed Vehicle Simulators and HLA2015In: Proceedings of the DSC 2015 Europe: Driving Simulation Conference & Exhibition / [ed] Heinrich Bülthoff, Andras Kemeny and Paolo Pretto, 2015, p. 123-130Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern vehicles are complex systems consisting of an increasing large multitude of components that operate together. While functional verification on individual components is important, it is also important to test components within a driving environment, both from a functional perspective and from a driver perspective. One proven way for testing is vehicle simulators and in this work the main goals have been to increase flexibility and scalability by introducing a distributed driving simulator platform.

    As an example, consider a workflow where a developer can go from a desktop simulation to an intermediate driving simulator to a high fidelity driving simulator with Hardware-In-the-Loop systems close to a finished vehicle in an easy way. To accomplish this, a distributed simulation architecture was designed and implemented that divides a driving simulator environment into four major entities with well-defined interfaces, using HLA as the method of communication. This platform was evaluated on two aspects, flexibility/scalability and timing performance. Results show that increased flexibility and scalability was achieved when using a distributed simulation platform. It is also shown that latency was only slightly increased when using HLA.

  • 220.
    Ottosson, Nina
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Divison of Neurobiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Silverå Ejneby, Malin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Divison of Neurobiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Wu, Xiongyu
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Yazdi, Samira
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Konradsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Lindahl, Erik
    Stockholm University, Sweden; KTH Royal Institute Technology, Sweden.
    Elinder, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Divison of Neurobiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    A drug pocket at the lipid bilayer-potassium channel interface2017In: Science Advances, E-ISSN 2375-2548, Vol. 3, no 10, article id e1701099Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many pharmaceutical drugs against neurological and cardiovascular disorders exert their therapeutic effects by binding to specific sites on voltage-gated ion channels of neurons or cardiomyocytes. To date, all molecules targeting known ion channel sites bind to protein pockets that are mainly surrounded by water. We describe a lipid-protein drug-binding pocket of a potassium channel. We synthesized and electrophysiologically tested 125 derivatives, analogs, and related compounds to dehydroabietic acid. Functional data in combination with docking and molecular dynamics simulations mapped a binding site for small-molecule compounds at the interface between the lipid bilayer and the transmembrane segments S3 and S4 of the voltage-sensor domain. This fundamentally new binding site for small-molecule compounds paves the way for the design of new types of drugs against diseases caused by altered excitability.

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  • 221.
    Bergström, Maria
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Larsson Ranada, Åsa
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Sverker, Annette M.
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Activity and Health. Linköping University, Department of Culture and Society, Division of Social Work. Region Östergötland, Primary Care Center, Operations management PVC.
    Thyberg, Ingrid
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Medicine Center, Department of Rheumatology.
    Björk, Mathilda
    Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Pain and Rehabilitation Center.
    A dyadic exploration of support in everyday life of persons with RA and their significant others2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 30, no 5, p. 616-627Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Support from significant others is important for participation in everyday life for persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Meanwhile, significant others also experience limitations. Aims To explore how support is expressed by persons with RA and significant others, and how support relates to participation in everyday life of persons with RA. Material and methods Sixteen persons with RA and their significant others participated in individual semi-structured interviews. The material was analyzed using dyadic analysis. Results Persons with RA and significant others reported that RA and support had become natural parts of everyday life, especially emotional support. The reciprocal dynamics of support were also expressed as imperative. Also, support from people outside of the dyads and well-functioning communication facilitated everyday life. Conclusions Significant others and the support they give are prominent factors and facilitators in everyday life of persons with RA. Concurrently, the support persons with RA provide is important, along with support from outside of the dyads. Significance The results indicate that the interaction between persons with RA and the social environment is central to gain insight into how support should be provided for optimal participation in everyday life. Significant others can preferably be more involved in the rehabilitation process.

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  • 222.
    Edström, Krister
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Dymola Primer1995Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This is a beginner's guide to the simulation and modeling environment Dymola. Dymola is presented by means of a simple hybrid example system which is modeled and simulated.

    Download full text (pdf)
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    Download full text (ps)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 223.
    Kessler, Christoph
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    Bednarski, Andrzej
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    A Dynamic Programming Approach to Optimal Integrated Code Generation2001In: ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems LCTES2001,2001, New York, USA: ACM , 2001, p. 165-174Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Phase-decoupled methods for code generation are the state of the art in compilers for standard processors but generally produce code of poor quality for irregular target architectures such as many DSPs. In that case, the generation of efficient code requires the simultaneous solution of the main subproblems instruction selection, instruction scheduling, and register allocation, as an integrated optimization problem. In contrast to compilers for standard processors, code generation for DSPs can afford to spend much higher resources in time and space on optimizations. Today, most approaches to optimal code generation are based on integer linear programming, but these are either not integrated or not able to produce optimal solutions except for very small problem instances. We report on research in progress on a novel method for fully integrated code generation that is based on dynamic programming. In particular, we introduce the concept of a time profile. We focus on the basic block level where the data dependences among the instructions form a DAG. Our algorithm aims at combining time-optimal scheduling with optimal instruction selection, given a limited number of general-purpose registers. An extension for irregular register sets, spilling of register contents, and intricate structural constraints on code compaction based on register usage is currently under development, as well as a generalization for global code generation. A prototype implementation is operational, and we present first experimental results that show that our algorithm is practical also for medium-size problem instances. Our implementation is intended to become the core of a future, retargetable code generation system.

  • 224.
    Bednarski, Andrzej
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A dynamic programming approach to optimal retargetable code generation for irregular architectures2002Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this thesis we address the problem of optimal code generation for irregular architectures such as Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). Code generation consists mainly of three tasks: instruction selection, instruction scheduling and register allocation. These tasks have been discovered to be NP-difficult for most of the architectures and most situations.

    A common approach to code generation consists in solving each task separately, i.e. in a decoupled manner, which is easier from an engineering point of view. Decoupled phase based compilers produce good code quality for regular architectures, but if applied to DSPs the resulting code is of significantly lower performance due to strong interdependencies between the different tasks.

    We report on a novel method for fully integrated code generation based on dynamic programming. It handles the most important tasks of code generation in a single optimization step and produces optimal code sequence. Our dynamic programming algorithm is applicable to small, yet not trivial problem instances with up to 50 instructions per basic block if data locality is not an issue, and up to 20 instructions if we take data locality on irregular processor architectures into account.

    In order to obtain a retargetable framework we developed a first version of a structured hardware description language, ADML, which is based on XML. We implemented a prototype framework of such a retargetable system for optimal code generation.

    As far as we know from the literature, this is the first time that the main tasks of code generation are solved optimally in a single and fully integrated optimization step that additionally considers data placement in registers. 

  • 225.
    Karlsson, B
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Karlsson, N
    Defence Research Establishment, Linköping.
    Wide, P
    Örebro University.
    A dynamic safety system based on sensor fusion2000In: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, ISSN 0956-5515, E-ISSN 1572-8145, Vol. 11, no 5, p. 475-483Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Machines in industry, including industrial robots, have in many cases dramatically reduced the man-made work and improved the work environment. New machines introduce, however, new risk factors. Traditionally machines are safeguarded by means that more or less rigidly separates the machines from the personnel. This works well in many traditional areas, i.e., where industrial robots are involved. There is however a risk that the safety system limits the valuable flexibility of the robot, which can be considered as a quality that tends to become even more valuable in the progress of programming possibilities and sensor technology. This article shows an example how a safety system can be designed to achieve increased flexibility in co-operation between human and production safety strategy. The proposed safety system is totally based on sensor information that monitors the working area, calculate the safety level and improve the system dynamically, e.g., reduce the robot capability in conjunction to the system safety level. The safety system gain information from the sensors and calculates a risk level which controls the robot speed, i.e., the speed is reduced to achieve a sufficiently low risk level. The sensor data is combined with fuzzy-based sensor fusion and fuzzy rules. The safety system is based on sensor information, hence it automatically adjusts to changes in the guarded area as long as the functionality of the sensors is maintained. Finally, we present a system implementation in an industrial robot application.

  • 226.
    Larsby, Birgitta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hällgren, Mathias
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Technical Audiology.
    A. EU-HEARCOM: Översikt över pågående EU-Hörselprojekt.2007In: Svensk teknisk audiologisk förening (STAF), Visby, 2007., 2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 227.
    Alegroth, Emil
    et al.
    Blekinge Inst Technol, Sweden.
    Borch Petersen, Eline
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Speech language pathology, Audiology and Otorhinolaryngology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Tinnerholm, John
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A Failed attempt at creating Guidelines for Visual GUI Testing: An industrial case study2021In: 2021 14TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE TESTING, VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION (ICST 2021), IEEE COMPUTER SOC , 2021, p. 340-350Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Software development is governed by guidelines that aim to improve the codes qualities, such as maintainability. However, whilst coding guidelines are commonplace for software, guidelines for testware are much less common. In particular, for GUI-based tests driven with image recognition, also referred to as Visual GUI Testing (VGT), explicit coding guidelines are missing. In this industrial case study, performed at the Swedish defence contractor Saab AB, we propose a set of coding guidelines for VGT and evaluate their impact on test scripts for an industrial, safety-critical system. To study the guidelines effect on maintenance costs, five representative manual test cases are each translated with and without the proposed guidelines in the two VGT tools SikuliX and EyeAutomate. As such, 20 test scripts were developed, with a combined development cost of more than 100 man-hours. Three of the tests are then maintained by one researcher and two practitioners for another version of the system and costs measured to evaluate return on investment. This analysis is complemented with observations and interviews to elicit practitioners perceptions and experiences with VGT. Results show that scripts developed with the guidelines had higher maintenance costs than scripts developed without guide-lines. This is supported by qualitative results that many of the guidelines are considered inappropriate, superfluous or unnecessary due to the inherent properties of the scripts, e.g. their natural small size, linear flows, natural separation of concerns, and more. We conclude that there are differences between VGT scripts and software that prohibit direct translation of guidelines between the two. As such, we consider our study as a failure but argue that several lessons can be drawn from our results to guide future research into guidelines for VGT and GUI-based test automation.

  • 228.
    Liu, Yang
    et al.
    Department of Information Technology, Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa, Finland / School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
    Vo, Thanh Vinh
    Department of Information Technology, Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa, Finland.
    A Fast Machine Vision for Automated Packaging2012In: Electrical, Information Engineering and Mechatronics 2011: Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical, Information Engineering and Mechatronics (EIEM 2011) / [ed] Wang, Xudong; Wang, Fuzhong; Zhong, Shaobo, Springer, 2012, p. 719-726Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper introduces a fast, simple, cheap but accurate and reliable vision system designed for the automated packaging robot application, which is to replace manual product packaging. The objective is to develop a vision system and algorithm for such application and achieve pattern tracking in nearly real-time with a normal entry-level computer. This paper describes in detail the implementation of the proposed vision system including image processing and pattern recognition. The application uses only a simple gray scale image of product as sample pattern to track the product in the scene at real-time speed, which has come near to replace human eyes. The proposed machine vision has been implemented and equipped on a real ABB robot arm with other related hardware/software to achieve automated packaging. The performance has been evaluated as a success in both timing and precision. Its stability and reliability are also proved under laboratory testing environment.

  • 229.
    Singh, Simrandeep
    et al.
    UCRD Chandigarh Univ, India; IIT Ropar, India.
    Singh, Harbinder
    Chandigarh Engn Coll, India; Chandigarh Univ, India.
    Mittal, Nitin
    Shri Vishwakarma Skill Univ, India.
    Singh, Harbinder
    Chandigarh Engn Coll, India; Chandigarh Univ, India.
    Hussien, Abdelazim
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Fayoum Univ, Egypt.
    Sroubek, Filip
    Czech Acad Sci, Czech Republic.
    A feature level image fusion for Night-Vision context enhancement using Arithmetic optimization algorithm based image segmentation2022In: Expert systems with applications, ISSN 0957-4174, E-ISSN 1873-6793, Vol. 209, article id 118272Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Images are fused to produce a composite image by combining key characteristics of the source images in image fusion. It makes the fused image better for human vision and machine vision. A novel procedure of Infrared (IR) and Visible (Vis) image fusion is proposed in this manuscript. The main challenges of feature level image fusion are that it will introduce artifacts and noise in the fused image. To preserve the meaningful information without adding artifacts from the source input images, weight map computed from Arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) is used for the image fusion process. In this manuscript, feature level fusion is performed after refining the weight maps using a weighted least square optimization (WLS) technique. Through this, the derived salient object details are merged into the visual image without introducing distortion. To affirm the validity of the proposed methodology simulation results are carried for twenty-one image data sets. It is concluded from the qualitative and quantitative experimental analysis that the proposed method works well for most of the image data sets and shows better performance than certain traditional existing models.

  • 230.
    Khayyeri, Hanifeh
    et al.
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, Anna
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Heuijerjans, Ashley
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands.
    Matikainen, Marko K.
    Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland.
    Julkunen, Petro
    Kuopio University Hospital, Finland; University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
    Eliasson, Pernilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Aspenberg, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Cancer Treatment, Department of Orthopaedics in Linköping.
    Isaksson, Hanna
    Lund University, Sweden.
    A Fibre-Reinforced Poroviscoelastic Model Accurately Describes the Biomechanical Behaviour of the Rat Achilles Tendon2015In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, no 6, article id e0126869Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Computational models of Achilles tendons can help understanding how healthy tendons are affected by repetitive loading and how the different tissue constituents contribute to the tendons biomechanical response. However, available models of Achilles tendon are limited in their description of the hierarchical multi-structural composition of the tissue. This study hypothesised that a poroviscoelastic fibre-reinforced model, previously successful in capturing cartilage biomechanical behaviour, can depict the biomechanical behaviour of the rat Achilles tendon found experimentally. Materials and Methods We developed a new material model of the Achilles tendon, which considers the tendons main constituents namely: water, proteoglycan matrix and collagen fibres. A hyperelastic formulation of the proteoglycan matrix enabled computations of large deformations of the tendon, and collagen fibres were modelled as viscoelastic. Specimen-specific finite element models were created of 9 rat Achilles tendons from an animal experiment and simulations were carried out following a repetitive tensile loading protocol. The material model parameters were calibrated against data from the rats by minimising the root mean squared error (RMS) between experimental force data and model output. Results and Conclusions All specimen models were successfully fitted to experimental data with high accuracy (RMS 0.42-1.02). Additional simulations predicted more compliant and soft tendon behaviour at reduced strain-rates compared to higher strain-rates that produce a stiff and brittle tendon response. Stress-relaxation simulations exhibited strain-dependent stress-relaxation behaviour where larger strains produced slower relaxation rates compared to smaller strain levels. Our simulations showed that the collagen fibres in the Achilles tendon are the main load-bearing component during tensile loading, where the orientation of the collagen fibres plays an important role for the tendons viscoelastic response. In conclusion, this model can capture the repetitive loading and unloading behaviour of intact and healthy Achilles tendons, which is a critical first step towards understanding tendon homeostasis and function as this biomechanical response changes in diseased tendons.

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  • 231.
    Gäddlin, Per-Olof
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pediatrics . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Finnström, Orvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pediatrics . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    Wang, Chen
    Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Leijon, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pediatrics . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    A fifteen-year follow-up of neurological conditions in VLBW children without overt disability: Relation to gender, neonatal risk factors, and end stage MRI findings2008In: Early Human Development, ISSN 0378-3782, E-ISSN 1872-6232, Vol. 84, no 5, p. 343-349Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Very low birthweight (VLBW; birth weight ≤ 1500 g) children run a greater risk than controls of developing neurosensory disabilities, but also minor neurological disturbances.

    Aims: To assess neurological status from the neonatal period up to fifteen years of age in VLBW children without overt neurological disability in relation to gender, neonatal risk factors, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of the brain.

    Study design: A population based follow-up study of VLBW children and their controls.

    Subjects: Eighty VLBW children without overt disability, in a cohort of 86 surviving VLBW children, were enrolled in a follow-up study at 40 weeks gestational age and at 4, 9, and 15 years of age. 56 VLBW children were examined with cerebral MRI at 15 years of age.

    Outcome measures: Neurological test scores. MRI findings, principally white matter damage (WMD).

    Results: VLBW children were inferior in neurological assessments in comparison with controls at 40 weeks gestational age and 4 and 15 years of age. VLBW girls did not differ from their controls at 9 and 15 years. Fourteen of 56 (25%) VLBW children had abnormal MRI findings and 13 were evaluated as mild WMD. Children with WMD did not differ in neurological outcome from those without WMD at any examination. Mechanical ventilation and/or intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) during the neonatal period were significantly related to less a favourable outcome at follow-up examinations.

    Conclusion: A cohort of VLBW children without overt neurological disability had a poorer neurological condition up to adolescence in comparison with controls. A quarter of the VLBW children had mild WMD but without relation to the neurological functions. Mechanical ventilation and IVH were related to poorer neurological outcome.

  • 232.
    Diczfalusy, Elin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Åström, Mattias
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Didzar, Nil
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Neurology.
    Kullman, Anita
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Zsigmond, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurosurgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurosurgery UHL.
    Wårdell, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A finite element model for biochemical monitoring in the brain during deep brain stimulation (poster)2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 233. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Chang, You
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Speech language pathology, Audiology and Otorhinolaryngology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    A Finite Element Model of the Human Head for Simulation of Bone-conducted Sound2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Bone conduction is usually understood as the hearing sensation based on the vibrations of the skull bone and surrounding tissues. The fact that vibration of the skull bones can result in a sound percept has been known for a long time. However, it is difficult to give a general definition of BC sound. Normally, BC sound is described as the sound energy transmitted through the body (comprising the solid and fluid parts) then the outer, middle and inner ear are involved and finally produce a perception of sound.

    Even if BC sound perception has been studied for more than a century, the whole pattern of BC sound transmission is still not complete. There are limitations for experimental investigation of BC sound, such as the complexity of experimental manipulations and individual differences between subjects resulting in difficult to interpret outcomes. One way to overcome some of those issues is the use of a simulation model for BC sound. However, until now, the published models are unable to provide a holistic response of BC sound in the human. Therefore, the primary aim of this thesis is to develop a finite element model that could simulate BC sound transmission in the human. Based on cryosectional images of a female, the LiUHead was developed as a FE model of the human head with the structure and material properties of real human. Most the structures and tissues which could contribute to the BC transmission were included in the LiUHead. The simulation results of the LiUHead agreed with experimental data obtained in both cadaver heads and live humans.

    After the development and validation of the LiUHead, the model was used to investigate BC sound.  Since BC sound is transmitted in and between the tissues, the power transmission of BC sound was investigated in the LiUHead in the frequency domain. When the stimulation was applied on the surface of the skull at the mastoid position, the results of the simulations show that, as the name suggest, the skull bone dominants the BC sound transmission. The soft tissues and cartilages are as the second most important media of the BC sound while the skull interior is the least important for the BC transmission. Moreover, according to the power flux in the skull, the BC vibrations are mainly concentrated at the skull base. Other important transmission pathways are located at the occipital bone at the posterior side of the head, but the power transmitted over the face, forehead and vertex is minor. There is power interaction between the skull bone and skull interior near the stimulation position but the transmission of sound power through the brain seem to be minimal. Since the power or energy is difficult to measure in an experimental setting, this investigation gave unique knowledge about BC sound transmission in the head and the interaction between the tissues.

    As a common application for BC sound, bone-conduction devices are used to stimulate the hearing and is a method for hearing loss rehabilitation. Nowadays many different kinds of BCDs are available. However, most studies failed to compare the different types of BCDs in the same conditions as well as between several BCDs as it is not possible to compare several BCDs within the same subject due to the implantation required for several BCDs. The model gives a unique opportunity to evaluate various BCDs in the same head. Eight different BCDs, including four kinds of skin-drive BCDs, three kinds of direct-drive BCDs, and one in-the-mouth device, were applied to the LiUHead and the simulation results were evaluated. The results proved that the direct-drive BCDs and the in-the-mouth device gave similar vibration responses at the cochlea. At low frequencies, the skin-drive BCDs had similar or even better cochlear responses than the direct-drive BCDs. However, the direct-drive BCDs gave stable responses at mid-frequencies and gave higher responses than the skin-drive BCDs at high frequencies. These results are beneficial evaluating and for designing and improving current BCDs.

    The ultimate goal of this thesis is to provide a computational model for BC sound that can be used for evaluation of BC sound transmission. This was accomplished by the LiUHead that gave results comparable to experimental data and enabled investigations that cannot easily be conducted in experiments.

    List of papers
    1. A Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Model of a Human Dry Skull for Bone-Conduction Hearing
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Model of a Human Dry Skull for Bone-Conduction Hearing
    2014 (English)In: BioMed Research International, ISSN 2314-6133, E-ISSN 2314-6141, Vol. 2014, no 519429Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    A three-dimensional finite-element (FE) model of a human dry skull was devised for simulation of human bone-conduction (BC) hearing. Although a dry skull is a simplification of the real complex human skull, such model is valuable for understanding basic BC hearing processes. For validation of the model, the mechanical point impedance of the skull as well as the acceleration of the ipsilateral and contralateral cochlear bone was computed and compared to experimental results. Simulation results showed reasonable consistency between the mechanical point impedance and the experimental measurements when Youngs modulus for skull and polyurethane was set to be 7.3 GPa and 1 MPa with 0.01 and 0.1 loss factors at 1 kHz, respectively. Moreover, the acceleration in the medial-lateral direction showed the best correspondence with the published experimental data, whereas the acceleration in the inferior-superior direction showed the largest discrepancy. However, the results were reasonable considering that different geometries were used for the 3D FE skull and the skull used in the published experimental study. The dry skull model is a first step for understanding BC hearing mechanism in a human head and simulation results can be used to predict vibration pattern of the bone surrounding the middle and inner ear during BC stimulation.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014
    National Category
    Clinical Medicine
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112658 (URN)10.1155/2014/519429 (DOI)000344143300001 ()25243148 (PubMedID)
    Note

    Funding Agencies|European Union [600933]

    Available from: 2014-12-05 Created: 2014-12-05 Last updated: 2018-04-09
    2. The development of a whole-head human finite-element model for simulation of the transmission of bone-conducted sound
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The development of a whole-head human finite-element model for simulation of the transmission of bone-conducted sound
    2016 (English)In: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, ISSN 0001-4966, E-ISSN 1520-8524, Vol. 140, no 3, p. 1635-1651Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    A whole head finite element model for simulation of bone conducted (BC) sound transmission was developed. The geometry and structures were identified from cryosectional images of a female human head and eight different components were included in the model: cerebrospinal fluid, brain, three layers of bone, soft tissue, eye, and cartilage. The skull bone was modeled as a sandwich structure with an inner and outer layer of cortical bone and soft spongy bone (diploe) in between. The behavior of the finite element model was validated against experimental data of mechanical point impedance, vibration of the cochlear promontories, and transcranial BC sound transmission. The experimental data were obtained in both cadaver heads and live humans. The simulations showed multiple low-frequency resonances where the first was caused by rotation of the head and the second was close in frequency to average resonances obtained in cadaver heads. At higher frequencies, the simulation results of the impedance were within one standard deviation of the average experimental data. The acceleration response at the cochlear promontory was overall lower for the simulations compared with experiments but the overall tendencies were similar. Even if the current model cannot predict results in a specific individual, it can be used for understanding the characteristic of BC sound transmission in general. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS, 2016
    National Category
    Vehicle Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133011 (URN)10.1121/1.4962443 (DOI)000386932500026 ()27914383 (PubMedID)
    Note

    Funding Agencies|European Union [600933]; Incheon Nation University (International Cooperative) Research Grant

    Available from: 2016-12-08 Created: 2016-12-07 Last updated: 2018-03-20
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    A Finite Element Model of the Human Head for Simulation of Bone-conducted Sound
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  • 234.
    Busse, Christian
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Solid Mechanics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Loureiro Homs, Jordi
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, David
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Palmert, Frans
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Sjodin, Bjorn
    Siemens Ind Turbomachinery AB, Sweden.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Engineering Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Simonsson, Kjell
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Solid Mechanics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Leidermark, Daniel
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Solid Mechanics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A FINITE ELEMENT STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CRYSTAL ORIENTATION AND MISALIGNMENT ON THE CRACK DRIVING FORCE IN A SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY2016In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2016, VOL 7A, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS , 2016, no UNSP V07AT28A002Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The elastic and plastic anisotropy of the single-crystal materials bring many difficulties in terms of modeling, evaluation and prediction of fatigue crack growth. In this paper a single-crystal material model has been adopted to a finite element-environment, which is paired with a crack growth tool. All simulations are performed in a three-dimensional context. This methodology makes it possible to analyze complex finite element-models, which are more application-near than traditional two-dimensional models. The influence of the crystal orientation, as well as the influence of misalignments of the crystal orientation due to the casting process are investigated. It is shown that both the crystal orientation and the misalignment from the ideal crystal orientation are important for the crack driving force. The realistic maximum limit of 10 degrees misalignment is considered. It can be seen that crack growth behavior is highly influenced by the misalignment. This knowledge is of great interest for the industry in order to evaluate the crack growth in single-crystal components more accurately.

  • 235.
    Diczfalusy, Elin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Åström, Mattias
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Dizdar, Nil
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Neurology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurosurgery UHL.
    Kullman, Anita
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurosurgery UHL.
    Zsigmond, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurosurgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurosurgery UHL.
    Wårdell, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Finite Model for Biochemical Monitoring in the Brain during Deep Brain Stimulation (oral)2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 236.
    Brüggemann, Jelmer
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Swahnberg, Katarina
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Wijma, Barbro
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    A first online intervention to increase patients perceived ability to act in situations of abuse in health care: reports of a Swedish pre-post study2015In: BMC Medical Ethics, ISSN 1472-6939, E-ISSN 1472-6939, Vol. 16, no 35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Efforts to counteract abuse in health care, defined as patient-experienced abuse, have mainly focused on interventions among caregivers. This study is the first to test an online intervention focusing on how patients can counteract such abuse. The intervention aimed at increasing patients intention and perceived ability to act in future situations where they risk experiencing abuse. Methods: Participants were recruited through a nephrology clinic in Sweden. The intervention consisted of an online program that aimed to stimulate patients to think of possible actions in situations in which they risk experiencing abuse. The program comprised stories and exercises in text and comic form. The participants filled out a questionnaire immediately before and after going through the program, as well as during follow-up four to eight weeks later. Results: Forty-eight patients (39 %) participated in the study and spent, on average, 41 min responding to questions and going through the program. Both men and women, of various ages and educational backgrounds, participated. An increase in participants self-reported ability to identify opportunities to act in a given situation was seen immediately afterwards, as well as during follow up. Conclusion: The current study suggests that it is feasible and most likely useful to a variety of patients to work with the provided material that has the aim of counteracting abuse in health care. It would be of interest to further develop ways of using comics and to test similar interventions in other health care settings.

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  • 237.
    Satti Osman, Eiman
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Chey, Chan Oeurn
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Willander, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Nur, Omer
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A flexible anisotropic self-powered piezoelectric direction sensor based on double sided ZnO nanowires configuration2015In: Nanotechnology, ISSN 0957-4484, E-ISSN 1361-6528, Vol. 26, no 9, article id 095502Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We have successfully synthesized highly dense and well aligned zinc oxide nanowires (NWs) on the two sides of a PEDOT: PSS substrate by a single step low temperature hydrothermal method. The grown sample was used to fabricate a double sided piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG). The maximum harvested output power density from the fabricated double sided NG configuration was about 4.44 mW cm(-2). The results obtained from the present double sided NG were approximately double the output from a single side. In addition to that, the voltage polarity of the harvested voltage from the two sides of the NG has been investigated. The results showed that upon bending, an anisotropic voltage polarity is generated on the two sides. Indicating that, this double sided NG can be used as a self-powered voltage polarity based direction sensor. The results of the present flexible double sided NG is very promising for harvesting energy from irregular mechanical energy sources in the surrounding environment. In addition, the fabricated configuration showed stability for sensing and can be used in surveillance and security applications.

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  • 238.
    Nordberg, Klas
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Forssén, Per-Erik
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision.
    Wiklund, Johan
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision.
    Andersson, Per
    A flexible runtime system for image processing in a distributed computational environment for an unmanned aerial vehicle2006In: International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, ISSN 0218-0014, Vol. 20, no 5, p. 763-780Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A runtime system for implementation of image processing operations is presented. It is designed for working in a flexible and distributed environment related to the software architecture of a newly developed UAV system. The software architecture can be characterized at a coarse scale as a layered system, with a deliberative layer at the top, a reactive layer in the middle, and a processing layer at the bottom. At a finer scale each of the three levels is decomposed into sets of modules which communicate using CORBA, allowing system development and deployment on the UAV to be made in a highly flexible way. Image processing takes place in a dedicated module located in the process layer, and is the main focus of the paper. This module has been designed as a runtime system for data flow graphs, allowing various processing operations to be created online and on demand by the higher levels of the system. The runtime system is implemented in Java, which allows development and deployment to be made on a wide range of hardware/software configurations. Optimizations for particular hardware platforms have been made using Java's native interface.

  • 239.
    Nour, Eiman
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Khan, Azam
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Nur, Omer
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Willander, Magnus
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics and Electronics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Flexible Sandwich Nanogenerator for Harvesting Piezoelectric Potential from Single Crystalline Zinc Oxide Nanowires2014In: Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, E-ISSN 1847-9804, Vol. 4, no 24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    High-quality single crystalline zinc oxide nanowires were grown on silver and gold coated plastic substrates for the fabrication of a sandwich-like nanogenerator using the aqueous chemical growth method. The applicability of this configuration as a nanogenerator is demonstrated by studying the harvested electrical output under mechanical deformation. Three different configurations were fabricated and utilized for harvesting piezoelectric potential by applying an external force. The maximum resulting output open circuit voltage and short circuit current were 2.4 V and 152.2 mu A, respectively. The comparison between the different configurations indicates that more piezoelectric potential can be harvested by using two arrays of ZnO NWs placed face-to-face than by using a single nanowire configuration. In addition, the use of a piezoelectric polymer will enhance the amount of generated piezoelectric potential. The obtained results from different configurations of zinc oxide nanowire nanogenerators offer a cost-effective, flexible, long term stable nanogenerator for promising application. The principle of the sandwich nanogenerator demonstrated a new idea for novel self-powering nanotechnology that harvests electricity from the environment for applications such as portable electronics.

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  • 240.
    Carlsson, Jonas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Bioinformatics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Vahdat Shariatpanahi, Aida
    Schultz, Sebastian
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Westermark, Gunilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Persson, Bengt
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Bioinformatics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A folding study on IAPP (Islet Amyloid Polypeptide) using molecular dynamics simulationsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Amyloidosis is the largest group among the protein misfolding diseases, and includes well known diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes. In the latter, islet amyloid is present in the pancreas in almost all individuals. Today, more than 25 different proteins have been isolated from amyloid deposits in human. Even though these proteins differ in size, charge and sequence they all have the capacity to assemble in to fibrillar structures with inseparable morphological appearance. Therefore, it can be assumed that the fibril process is based upon principles that are general for all proteins and knowledge derived from one protein can be used for other amyloid proteins. In this paper, we study the process of amyloid formation in parts of islet amyloid polypeptide (residues 18-29 and 11-37) by analyzing mutations using three different in silico methods. Finally, we use the methods to predict the amyloidogenic properties of the native IAPP and 16 variants thereof and compare the result with in vitro measurements. Using a consensus prediction of the three methods we managed to correctly classify all but two peptides. We have also given further evidence to the importance of S28P for inhibiting amyloid fibre formation, found evidence for antiparallel stacking, and identified important regions for beta sheet stability.

  • 241.
    Josefsson, Ann
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and gynecology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Paediatrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    A follow-up study of postnatal depressed women: Recurrent maternal depressive symptoms and child behaviour after four years2007In: Archives of Women's Mental Health, ISSN 1434-1816, Vol. 10, no 4, p. 141-145Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and self reported health of women who have shown previous postpartum depressive symptoms. To examine the behavior of four-year-old children born to mothers affected by postpartum depression.

    Methods: Longitudinal study. The index group (n = 251) constituted of all women with postpartum depressive symptoms on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), in a population-based study made in the late 1990s. The control group (n = 502) consisted of women without postpartum depressive symptoms on the EPDS at the same occasion. Approximately four years after delivery these women were asked to answer a short questionnaire on general health, the EPDS, and also to assess their child’s behavior with the Richman Pre-School Behaviour Checklist. Results: Women with a history of postpartum depressive symptoms were approximately 6 times more likely to have recurrent depressive symptoms (OR = 5.82, 95% CI: 3.79–8.93), compared to those without postpartum depressive symptoms, and they were also more likely to experience physical and mental illness. Although postpartum depressive symptoms in the mothers were involved in explaining the likelihood of behavioral problems in their four-year-old children, mothers with current depressive symptoms were the most likely to have a child with behavioral problems (OR = 4.71, 95% CI: 1.88–11.78). Conclusion: Postpartum depressive illness constitutes a risk for future illness as well as maternal perceived behavioral problems in offspring. In order to diminish long-term adverse consequences for the mother and the child there is a great need to recognize and treat women with postpartum depressive symptoms as early as possible.

  • 242.
    Chalabine, Mikhail
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    Kessler, Christoph
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    A Formal Framework for Automated Round-trip Software Engineering in Static Aspect Weaving and Transformations2007In: the 29th Int. Conference on Software Engineering ICSE 2007,2007, USA: IEEE , 2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a formal framework for a recently introduced approach to Automated Round-trip Software Engineering (ARE) in source-level aspect weaving systems. Along with the formalization we improve the original method and suggest a new concept of weaving transactions in Aspect-oriented Programming (AOP). As the major contribution we formally show how, given a tree-shaped intermediate representation of a program and an ancillary transposition tree, manual edits in statically woven code can consistently be mapped back to their proper source of origin, which is either in the application core or in an element in the aspect space. The presented formalism is constructive. It frames AOP by generalizing static aspect weaving to classical tree transformations.

  • 243.
    Karlsson, Daniel
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    Eles, Petru Ion
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    Peng, Zebo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    A Formal Verification Approach for IP-based Designs2004In: Forum on Specification and Design Languages,2004, 2004, p. 556-567Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper proposes a formal verification methodology which is smoothly integrated with component-based system-level design, using a divide and conquer approach. The methodology assumes that the system consists of several reusable components, each of them already verified by their designers and which are considered correct under the assumption that the environment satisfies certain properties assumed by the component. What remains to be verified is the glue logic inserted between the components. Each such glue logic is verified one at a time using model checking techniques. A big difficulty with such an approach is the question how to handle the connected components and the rest of the system in the verification of the glue logic, which only constitutes a small part of the design. In this paper, algorithms for generating a model corresponding to the rest of the system are discussed together with guidelines on how and when to use them. The methodology is illustrated by a small case study on a mobile telephone.

  • 244.
    Karlsson, Daniel
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    Eles, Petru Ion
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    Peng, Zebo
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, ESLAB - Embedded Systems Laboratory.
    A Formal Verification Methodology for IP-based Designs2004In: EUROMICRO SYMPOSIUM ON DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN, Architectures, Methods and Tools,2004, Rennes, France: IEEE Computer Society Press , 2004, p. 372-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper proposes a formal verification methodology which smoothly integrates with component-based system-level design, using a divide and conquer approach. The methodology assumes that the system consists of several reusable components, each of them already verified by their designers and which are considered correct under the assumption that the environment satisfies certain properties assumed by the component. What remains to be verified is the glue logic inserted between the components. Each such glue logic is verified one at a time using model checking techniques. Experiments, performed on a real-life example (mobile telephone), demonstrating the efficiency and intuitivity of the methodology, are moreover thoroughly presented. Three different properties have been verified on one part of the system.

  • 245.
    Lindell, Charlotta
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Svedin, Carl Göran
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A four-year follow-up study of help provided by the Social services for physically abused childrenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Even though the number of child physical abuse cases reported to the police has been increasing, little research has been performed to investigate whether interventions directed towards physically abused children are working or not. This paper examines contacts that physically abused children have with the social services 4 years after the physical abuse incidents were reported to the police. This is done in an effort to investigate the characteristics of child and parent that determine whether or not abused children are still receiving help from the social services 4 years after the abuse incidents. All physically abused children whose perpetrators had been reported to a Swedish police district between 1986-1996, were followed through the files (n = 113) of the social services. Four years later 69 children were still receiving interventions from the department. Intervention by the social services prior to a reported abuse incident increased the odds 18.7 times that a child would still receive interventions 4 years after the incident, and the presence of a mentally ill mother increased the odds 11.8 times.

  • 246.
    Bäckström, Christer
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jonsson, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A framework for analysing state-abstraction methods2022In: Artificial Intelligence, ISSN 0004-3702, E-ISSN 1872-7921, Vol. 302, article id 103608Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstraction has been used in combinatorial search and action planning from the very beginning of AI. Many different methods and formalisms for state abstraction have been proposed in the literature, but they have been designed from various points of view and with varying purposes. Hence, these methods have been notoriously difficult to analyse and compare in a structured way. In order to improve upon this situation, we present a coherent and flexible framework for modelling abstraction (and abstraction-like) methods based on graph transformations. The usefulness of the framework is demonstrated by applying it to problems in both search and planning. We model six different abstraction methods from the planning literature and analyse their intrinsic properties. We show how to capture many search abstraction concepts (such as avoiding backtracking between levels) and how to put them into a broader context. We also use the framework to identify and investigate connections between refinement and heuristics-two concepts that have usually been considered as unrelated in the literature. This provides new insights into various topics, e.g. Valtortas theorem and spurious states. We finally extend the framework with composition of transformations to accommodate for abstraction hierarchies, and other multi-level concepts. We demonstrate the latter by modelling and analysing the merge-and-shrink abstraction method. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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  • 247.
    Lindström, Niclas
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems.
    A Framework for Evaluation of Cylinder Balancing Controllers2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cylinder speed variations in a combustion engine is an unwanted phenomenon caused by a number of different reasons. Inaccurate fuel delivery from the individual injectors, resonance frequencies in the drive train and faulty sensor readings are some probable causes. There is a need to investigate the potential of different cylinder balancing controllers in a simulation environment before implementing them in the ECU hardware. The thesis is about developing a simulation framework where different controllers can be tested. The framework will generate an engine speed signal based on injected fuel mass to the individual cylinders. A PI controller that makes individual fuel adjustments to the cylinders is implemented in the framework and tested for three different operating points and three different types of disturbances. The results show that the framework is able to generate an accurate engine speed signal based on the commanded fuel amount. Moreover the controller is able to eliminate imbalances caused by error in injected fuel mass as well as specific type of periodic load disturbances in the drive line. Some disturbances cannot be handled by the PI controller, as they lie outside of its controllable region. The simulation framework shows promising results and while further work is needed in some areas, it can work as a foundation for future development and controller evaluation.

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    A Framework for Evaluation of Cylinder Balancing Controllers
  • 248.
    Windridge, David
    et al.
    University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K..
    Felsberg, Michael
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Vision. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Shaukat, Affan
    University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K..
    A Framework for Hierarchical Perception–Action Learning Utilizing Fuzzy Reasoning2013In: IEEE transactions on systems, man and cybernetics. Part B. Cybernetics, ISSN 1083-4419, E-ISSN 1941-0492, Vol. 43, no 1, p. 155-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Perception-action (P-A) learning is an approach to cognitive system building that seeks to reduce the complexity associated with conventional environment-representation/action-planning approaches. Instead, actions are directly mapped onto the perceptual transitions that they bring about, eliminating the need for intermediate representation and significantly reducing training requirements. We here set out a very general learning framework for cognitive systems in which online learning of the P-A mapping may be conducted within a symbolic processing context, so that complex contextual reasoning can influence the P-A mapping. In utilizing a variational calculus approach to define a suitable objective function, the P-A mapping can be treated as an online learning problem via gradient descent using partial derivatives. Our central theoretical result is to demonstrate top-down modulation of low-level perceptual confidences via the Jacobian of the higher levels of a subsumptive P-A hierarchy. Thus, the separation of the Jacobian as a multiplying factor between levels within the objective function naturally enables the integration of abstract symbolic manipulation in the form of fuzzy deductive logic into the P-A mapping learning. We experimentally demonstrate that the resulting framework achieves significantly better accuracy than using P-A learning without top-down modulation. We also demonstrate that it permits novel forms of context-dependent multilevel P-A mapping, applying the mechanism in the context of an intelligent driver assistance system.

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  • 249.
    Larsson, Jonas
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering.
    A framework for implementation-independent simulation models2006In: Simulation (San Diego, Calif.), ISSN 0037-5497, E-ISSN 1741-3133, Vol. 82, no 9, p. 563-579Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mathematical modeling and the simulation of complex physical systems is a central activity in engineering. The models are the result of large investments in time and measurement equipment and therefore need to be used as efficiently as possible. If one and the same model can be run in several simulation environments and in other applications, then the model can be simulated today and tomorrow in the most appropriate environment with respect to user background, the engineering domain at hand, and more. Modern equation-based modeling languages provide this functionality in principle since the models are translated into executable code by separate model compilers. These compilers today generate code for standalone simulation using a fixed interface toward a number of numerical solvers. What is missing is a compiler that can generate customized code for various simulation environments, where the generated code interfaces with other models in the environment through the conventional solution of powerports. Each port holds both input and output variables such as force and velocity. A compiler architecture is proposed in this article. Also, an implementation for a subset of the Modelica language is demonstrated in the case of two widely different simulation environment targets. The model ports are adapted initially to the simulation environment characteristics in terms of the variables part of the ports, and an input-output causality is found for which the model can be solved and that suits the environment. The equation system is optimized, and information such as Jacobians, assignments, and more is generated in the XML format. Finally, code generators specific for each environment are employed that create the final executable code. © 2006 The Society for Modeling and Simulation International.

  • 250.
    Tiger, Carl-Fredrik
    et al.
    Humboldt University.
    Krause, Falko
    Humboldt University.
    Cedersund, Gunnar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Palmér, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Klipp, Edda
    Humboldt University.
    Hohmann, Stefan
    University of Gothenburg.
    Kitano, Hiroaki
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Krantz, Marcus
    Humboldt University.
    A framework for mapping, visualisation and automatic model creation of signal-transduction networks2012In: Molecular Systems Biology, ISSN 1744-4292, E-ISSN 1744-4292, Vol. 8, no 578Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Intracellular signalling systems are highly complex. This complexity makes handling, analysis and visualisation of available knowledge a major challenge in current signalling research. Here, we present a novel framework for mapping signal-transduction networks that avoids the combinatorial explosion by breaking down the network in reaction and contingency information. It provides two new visualisation methods and automatic export to mathematical models. We use this framework to compile the presently most comprehensive map of the yeast MAP kinase network. Our method improves previous strategies by combining (I) more concise mapping adapted to empirical data, (II) individual referencing for each piece of information, (III) visualisation without simplifications or added uncertainty, (IV) automatic visualisation in multiple formats, (V) automatic export to mathematical models and (VI) compatibility with established formats. The framework is supported by an open source software tool that facilitates integration of the three levels of network analysis: definition, visualisation and mathematical modelling. The framework is species independent and we expect that it will have wider impact in signalling research on any system.

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