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  • 301.
    Nyqvist, Hanna
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Gustafsson, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A High-Performance Tracking System based on Camera and IMU2013In: 16th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), 2013, IEEE , 2013, p. 2065-2072Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider an indoor tracking system consisting of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a camera that detects markers in the environment. There are many camera based tracking systems described in literature and available commercially, and a few of them also has support from IMU. These are based on the best-effort principle, where the performance varies depending on the situation. In contrast to this, we start with a specification of the system performance, and the design isbased on an information theoretic approach, where specific user scenarios are defined. Precise models for the camera and IMU are derived for a fusion filter, and the theoretical Cramér-Rao lower bound and the Kalman filter performance are evaluated. In this study, we focus on examining the camera quality versus the marker density needed to get at least a one mm and one degree accuracy in tracking performance.

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  • 302.
    Timpka, Toomas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Department of Health and Society, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Public Health Sciences, Centre for Public Health Sciences.
    Angbratt, Marianne
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Hermansson, Göran
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    Bolme, P
    Häger, Anders
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Paediatrics in Linköping.
    Valter, L
    A high-precision protocol for identification of preschool children at risk for persisting obesity2007In: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 2, no 6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Recent studies suggest that adolescent adiposity is established already in preadolescence. Earlier studies have confirmed a strong tracking of obesity from adolescence to adulthood. Our aim was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of a population-derived protocol for identification of preschool children at risk for obesity in preadolescence. Methodology/Principal Findings: We analysed data obtained for child health surveillance up to age 5 from 5778 children born in a swedish county in 1991. The basic data set included age, sex, and weight and height measurements from the regular checkups between ages 1.5 and 5. Data not routinely collected in the child health centre setting were disregarded. The children were at age 10 randomly assigned to protocol derivation and validation cohorts and assessed for obesity according to IOTF criteria. The accuracy of predicting obesity in the validation cohort was measured using decision precision, specificity, and sensitivity. The decision protocol selected 1.4% of preschool children as being at obesity risk. The precision of the protocol at age 10 was 82% for girls and 80% for boys, and the specificity was 100% for both boys and girls, The sensitivity was higher for girls (41 %) than for boys (21%). The relative risk for obesity at age 10 estimated by the odds ratio for individuals selected by the protocol compared to non-selected peers was 212.6 (95% confidence interval 56.6 to 798.4) for girls and 120.3 (95% Cl 24.5 to 589.91for boys. Conclusion/Significance: A simple and inexpensive decision protocol based on BMI values proved to have high precision and specificity for identification of preschool children at risk for obesity persisting into adolescence, while the sersitivity was low especially for boys. Implementation and further evaluations of the protocol in chlid health centre settings are warranted. © 2007 Timpka et al.

  • 303.
    Dizdar (Dizdar Segrell), Nil
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Kågedal, Bertil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Smeds, Staffan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Årstrand, Kerstin
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A high-sensitivity fluorometric high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of glutathione and other thiols in cultured melanoma cells, microdialysis samples from melanoma tissue, and blood plasma.1991In: Melanoma Research, ISSN 0960-8931, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 33-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorometric detection is described which is suitable for determination of glutathione in small samples. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and total glutathione obtained as GSH after reduction with glutathione reductase is derivatized with N-(7-dimethylamino-4-methyl-3-coumarinyl) maleimide (DACM) and subjected to chromatography. The detection limit for the GSH-DACM derivative was 5-10 fmol/injection, and analytical recovery was quantitative. The method is suitable for determination of both reduced and total glutathione in samples from microdialysis of melanoma tumours, and cysteine can be quantified in the same chromatogram. Application is shown also for glutathione determinations in cultured melanoma cells, melanoma homogenates and plasma.

  • 304.
    Staack, Ingo
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Amadori, Kristian
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Machine Design. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jouannet, Christopher
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    A holistic engineering approach to aeronautical product development2019In: Aeronautical Journal, ISSN 0001-9240, Vol. 123, no 1268, p. 1545-1560Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Product development, especially in aerospace, has become more and more interconnected with its operational environment. In a constant changing world, the operational environment will be subjected to changes during the life cycle of the product. The operational environment will be affected by not only technical and non-technical perturbations, but also economical, managerial and regulatory decisions, thus requiring a more global product development approach. One way to try tackling such complex and intertwined problem advocates studying the envisioned product or system in the context of system of systems (SoS) engineering. SoSs are all around us, probably in any field of engineering, ranging from integrated transport systems, public infrastructure systems to modern homes equipped with sensors and smart appliances; from cities filling with autonomous vehicle to defence systems. Since also aerospace systems are certainly affected, this work will present a holistic approach to aerospace product development that tries spanning from needs to technology assessment. The proposed approach will be presented and analysed and key enablers and future research directions will be highlighted from an interdisciplinary point of view. Consideration of the surrounding world will require to look beyond classical engineering disciplines.

  • 305.
    Folkesson, Tchou
    et al.
    Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,.
    Samuelsson, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Anesthesiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Intensive Care UHL. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgery UHL.
    Tesselaar, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Dahlström, B.
    Berzelius Clinical Research Center, Linköping, Sweden.
    Sjöberg, Folke
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Burn Center. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand surgery UHL. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgery UHL.
    A human vascular model based on microdialysis for the assessment of the vasoconstrictive dose-response effects of noradrenaline and vasopressin in skin: in JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH, vol 48, pp 320-3202011In: JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH, Karger , 2011, p. 320-320Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Microdialysis is a well-established technique for continuous sampling of small, water-soluble molecules within the extracellular fluid space in vivo. It also allows the use of microdoses of drugs, and the simultaneous evaluation of their related effects at the site of action. The present study was an experimental, randomized microdose trial to develop a human vascular model of dose response. We aimed to evaluate a microdialysis dosing method using urea clearance as a marker of druginduced changes in dermal blood flow and metabolism (glucose and lactate) in 12 healthy volunteers. We found that asymptomatic vasoconstriction can be detected by continuous microdialysis measurements of urea clearance in dermal tissue. More importantly, dose-effect relations using the Emax model could be constructed using the corresponding data on drug doses and both the urea clearance-based flow estimates and the changes in concentrations of tissue metabolites. This in vivo human experimental skin model offers an interesting tool with which both the dose-response effects on blood flow and concentrations of tissue metabolites of potent vasoactive substances can be evaluated.

  • 306.
    Tchou Folkesson, Kim
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Samuelsson, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Anesthesiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Intensive Care UHL.
    Tesselaar, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Burn Center. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Dahlström, Bengt
    AB Biopharmacon, Uppsala.
    Sjöberg, Folke
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Burn Center. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand surgery UHL. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Sinnescentrum, Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgery UHL.
    A Human Vascular Model Based on Microdialysis for the Assessment of the Vasoconstrictive Dose-Response Effects of Norepinephrine and Vasopressin in Skin2012In: Microcirculation, ISSN 1073-9688, E-ISSN 1549-8719, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 352-359Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract Objective: Microdialysis enables drug delivery in the skin and simultaneous measurement of their effects. The present study aimed to evaluate dose-dependent changes in blood flow and metabolism during microdialysis of norepinephrine and vasopressin. Methods: We investigated whether increasing concentrations of norepinephrine (NE, 1.859 mu mol/L) and vasopressin (VP, 1100 nmol/L), delivered sequentially in one catheter or simultaneously through four catheters, yield dose-dependent changes in blood flow (as measured using urea clearance) and metabolism (glucose and lactate). Results: We found a significant dose-dependent vasoconstriction with both drugs. Responses were characterized by a sigmoid dose response model. Urea in the dialysate increased from a baseline of 7.9 +/- 1.7 to 10.9 +/- 0.9 mmol/L for the highest concentration of NE (p andlt; 0.001) and from 8.1 +/- 1.4 to 10.0 +/- 1.7 mmol/L for the highest concentration of VP (p = 0.037). Glucose decreased from 2.3 +/- 0.7 to 0.41 +/- 0.18 mmol/L for NE (p = 0.001) and from 2.7 +/- 0.6 to 1.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/L for VP (p andlt; 0.001). Lactate increased from 1.1 +/- 0.4 to 2.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/L for NE (p = 0.005) and from 1.1 +/- 0.4 to 2.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/L for VP (p = 0.008). There were no significant differences between responses from a single catheter and from those obtained simultaneously using multiple catheters. Conclusions: Microdialysis in the skin, either with a single catheter or using multiple catheters, offers a useful tool for studying dose response effects of vasoactive drugs on local blood flow and metabolism without inducing any systemic effects.

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  • 307.
    Allström, Andreas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Ekström, Joakim
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Gundlegård, David
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Ringdahl, Rasmus
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems.
    Rydergren, Clas
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Bayen, Alexandre M.
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California.
    Patire, Anthony D.
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California.
    A hybrid approach for short-term traffic state and travel time prediction on highways2016In: TRB 95th annual meeting compendium of papers, 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Traffic management and traffic information are essential in urban areas, and require a good knowledge about both the current and the future traffic state. Both parametric and non-parametric traffic state prediction techniques have previously been developed, with different advantages and shortcomings. While non-parametric prediction has shown good results for predicting the traffic state during recurrent traffic conditions, parametric traffic state prediction can be used during non-recurring traffic conditions such as incidents and events. Hybrid approaches, combining the two prediction paradigms have previously been proposed by using non-parametric methods for predicting boundary conditions used in a parametric method. In this paper we instead combine parametric and non-parametric traffic state prediction techniques through assimilation in an Ensemble Kalman filter. As non-parametric prediction method a neural network method is adopted, and the parametric prediction is carried out using a cell transmission model with velocity as state. The results show that our hybrid approach can improve travel time prediction of journeys planned to commence 15 to 30 minutes into the future, using a prediction horizon of up to 50 minutes ahead in time to allow the journey to be completed.

  • 308.
    Wofford, Joseph M.
    et al.
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Nakhaie, Siamak
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Krause, Thilo
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Liu, Xianjie
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Surface Physics and Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Ramsteiner, Manfred
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Hanke, Michael
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Riechert, Henning
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    Lopes, J. Marcelo J.
    Paul Drude Institute Festkorperelektron, Germany.
    A hybrid MBE-based growth method for large-area synthesis of stacked hexagonal boron nitride/graphene heterostructures2017In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 7, article id 43644Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Van der Waals heterostructures combining hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene offer many potential advantages, but remain difficult to produce as continuous films over large areas. In particular, the growth of h-BN on graphene has proven to be challenging due to the inertness of the graphene surface. Here we exploit a scalable molecular beam epitaxy based method to allow both the h-BN and graphene to form in a stacked heterostructure in the favorable growth environment provided by a Ni(111) substrate. This involves first saturating a Ni film on MgO(111) with C, growing h-BN on the exposed metal surface, and precipitating the C back to the h-BN/Ni interface to form graphene. The resulting laterally continuous heterostructure is composed of a top layer of few-layer thick h-BN on an intermediate few-layer thick graphene, lying on top of Ni/MgO(111). Examinations by synchrotronbased grazing incidence diffraction, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and UV-Raman spectroscopy reveal that while the h-BN is relaxed, the lattice constant of graphene is significantly reduced, likely due to nitrogen doping. These results illustrate a different pathway for the production of h-BN/graphene heterostructures, and open a new perspective for the large-area preparation of heterosystems combining graphene and other 2D or 3D materials.

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  • 309.
    Wang, Xinyu
    et al.
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
    Wang, Xing
    School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
    Baryshnikov, Glib V.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Organic Electronics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. University of Helsinki, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtanens Plats 1), IN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Valiev, Rashid R.
    University of Helsinki, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtanens Plats 1), IN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, Russia..
    Fan, Rongwei
    School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
    Lu, Songtao
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
    Ågren, Hans
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
    Chen, Guanying
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
    A hybrid molecular sensitizer for triplet fusion upconversion2021In: Chemical Engineering Journal, ISSN 1385-8947, E-ISSN 1873-3212, Vol. 426, article id 131282Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Triplet fusion upconversion is useful for a broad spectrum of applications ranging from solar cells, photoredox catalysis, to biophotonics applications, especially in the near-infrared (NIR, >700 nm) range. This upconverting system typically demands efficient conversion of spin-singlet harvested energy through intersystem crossing to spin-triplet states, accessible only in rare metallic-coordinating macrocycle compounds or heavy-metal-containing semiconductor quantum dots for triplet sensitization. Herein, we describe an organic–inorganic system for NIR-to-visible triplet fusion upconversion, interfacing commonly-seen, non-metallic, infrared dyes (IR806, IR780, indyocynine green, and CarCl) and lanthanide nanocrystal (sodium ytterbium fluoride) as a hybrid molecular sensitizer, which extracts molecular spin-singlet energy to nanocrystal-enriched ytterbium dopants at 48% efficiency (IR806, photoexciation at 808 nm). Moreover, ytterbium sub-lattice energy migration increases the interaction possibility between the nanocrystal and the freely-diffusing rubrenes in solution, resulting in 24-fold (IR806) to 1740-fold (indocyanine green) upconversion (600 nm) increase, depending on the IR dye type, as compared to the one without ytterbium nanotransducers. Ab initio quantum chemistry calculations identify enhanced spin-orbital coupling in the ytterbium-IR806 complex and high energy transfer rate in the ytterbium-rubrene interaction (1010 s−1). Employing inorganic lanthanide nanocrystals as nanotransducers unleashes the potential use of non-metallic infrared organic dyes for triplet fusion upconversion.

  • 310.
    Bajuri, M. N.
    et al.
    University of Oxford, England; University of Teknol Malaysia, Malaysia.
    Isaksson, Hanna
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Eliasson, Pernilla T.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Thompson, Mark S.
    University of Oxford, England.
    A hyperelastic fibre-reinforced continuum model of healing tendons with distributed collagen fibre orientations2016In: Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, ISSN 1617-7959, E-ISSN 1617-7940, Vol. 15, no 6, p. 1457-1466Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The healing process of ruptured tendons is problematic due to scar tissue formation and deteriorated material properties, and in some cases, it may take nearly a year to complete. Mechanical loading has been shown to positively influence tendon healing; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. Computational mechanobiology methods employed extensively to model bone healing have achieved high fidelity. This study aimed to investigate whether an established hyperelastic fibre-reinforced continuum model introduced by Gasser, Ogden and Holzapfel (GOH) can be used to capture the mechanical behaviour of the Achilles tendon under loading during discrete timepoints of the healing process and to assess the models sensitivity to its microstructural parameters. Curve fitting of the GOH model against experimental tensile testing data of rat Achilles tendons at four timepoints during the tendon repair was used and achieved excellent fits (0.9903 amp;lt; R-2 amp;lt; 0.9986). A parametric sensitivity study using a three-level central composite design, which is a fractional factorial design method, showed that the collagen-fibre-related parameters in the GOH model-kappa, k(1) and k(2)-had almost equal influence on the fitting. This study demonstrates that the GOH hyperelastic fibre-reinforced model is capable of describing the mechanical behaviour of healing tendons and that further experiments should focus on establishing the structural and material parameters of collagen fibres in the healing tissue.

  • 311.
    Lundgren, Oskar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    Garvin, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Regional Board, Research and Development Unit.
    Kristenson, Margareta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    Thylén, Ingela
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology in Linköping.
    A journey through chaos and calmness: experiences of mindfulness training in patients with depressive symptoms after a recent coronary event - a qualitative diary content analysis.2018In: BMC Psychology, E-ISSN 2050-7283, Vol. 6, no 1, article id 46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Psychological distress with symptoms of depression and anxiety is common and unrecognized in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Efforts have been made to treat psychological distress in CAD with both conventional methods, such as antidepressant drugs and psychotherapy, and non-conventional methods, such as stress management courses. However, studies focusing on the experiences of mindfulness training in this population are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore immediate experiences of mindfulness practice among CAD patients with depressive symptoms.

    METHODS: A qualitative content analysis of diary entries, written immediately after practice sessions and continuously during an 8-week long Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction course (MBSR), was applied.

    RESULTS: Twelve respondents participated in the study. The main category: a journey through chaos and calmness captured the participants' concurrent experiences of challenges and rewards over time. This journey appears to reflect a progressive development culminating in the harvesting of the fruits of practice at the end of the mindfulness training. Descriptions of various challenging facets of mindfulness practice - both physical and psychological - commonly occurred during the whole course, although distressing experiences were more predominant during the first half. Furthermore, the diary entries showed a wide variety of ways of dealing with these struggles, including both constructive and less constructive strategies of facing difficult experiences. As the weeks passed, participants more frequently described an enhanced ability to concentrate, relax and deal with distractions. They also developed their capacity to observe the content of their mind and described how the practice began to yield rewards in the form of well-being and a sense of mastery.

    CONCLUSIONS: Introducing MBSR in the aftermath of a cardiac event, when depressive symptoms are present, is a complex and delicate challenge in clinical practice. More nuanced information about what to expect as well as the addition of motivational support and skillful guidance during the course should be given in accordance with the participants' experiences and needs.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT03340948 ).

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  • 312.
    Heintz, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    Doherty, Patrick
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, KPLAB - Knowledge Processing Lab.
    A knowledge processing middleware framework and its relation to the JDL data fusion model2006In: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, ISSN 1064-1246, E-ISSN 1875-8967, Vol. 17, no 4, p. 335-351Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Any autonomous system embedded in a dynamic and changing environment must be able to create qualitative knowledge and object structures representing aspects of its environment on the fly from raw or preprocessed sensor data in order to reason qualitatively about the environment and to supply such state information to other nodes in the distributed network in which it is embedded. These structures must be managed and made accessible to deliberative and reactive functionalities whose successful operation is dependent on being situationally aware of the changes in both the robotic agent's embedding and internal environments. DyKnow is a knowledge processing middleware framework which provides a set of functionalities for contextually creating, storing, accessing and processing such structures. The framework is implemented and has been deployed as part of a deliberative/reactive architecture for an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle. The architecture itself is distributed and uses real-time CORBA as a communications infrastructure. We describe the system and show how it can be used to create more abstract entity and state representations of the world which can then be used for situation awareness by an unmanned aerial vehicle in achieving mission goals. We also show that the framework is a working instantiation of many aspects of the JDL data fusion model.

  • 313.
    Hornborg, Anne-Christine
    Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication.
    A Landscape of Left-Overs: CHanging Conceptions of Place and Environment among Mi'kmaq Indians of Eastern Canada2001Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This dissertation seeks to explore historical changes in the lifeworld of the Mi’kmaq Indians of Eastern Canada. The Mi’kmaq culture hero Kluskap here serves as a key persona in discussing issues such as traditions, changing conceptions of land, and human-environmental relations. In order not to depict Mi’kmaq culture as timeless, two important periods in its history are examined. The first study reviews historical evidence of the ontology, epistemology, and ethics – jointly labeled animism – that stem from a premodern Mi’kmaq hunting subsistence. This evidence dates from the period between 1850 and 1930, which is also the period when the Mi’kmaq were gradually being forced to settle in the reserves. The second study situates the culture hero in the modern world of the 1990s, when allusions to Mi’kmaq tradition and to Kluskap played an important role in the struggle against a planned superquarry on Cape Breton. This study discusses the ecocosmology that has been formulated by modern reserve inhabitants and that could be labeled a “sacred ecology”. If the premodern ecocosmologies have been favorably treated by Westerners, the modern Natives’ attempt to create a “sacred ecology” has been received with ambivalence. It has been welcomed by some as an alternative to Western ways of treating nature, which threaten our global survival. But it has also been criticized as a modern construction designed by Natives to gain benefits from Canadian society. In the example of the Mi’kmaq struggle against the superquarry, this critique is discussed, with a focus on how the Mi’kmaq are rebuilding their traditions and environmental relations in interaction with modern society. In this process, environmental groups, pan-Indianism, and education play an important role, but so does reserve life. By anchoring their engagement in reserve life the Mi’kmaq traditionalists have to a large extent been able to confront both external and internal doubts about their authenticity.

  • 314.
    Rejmstad, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Åkesson, Gustav
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Neurosurgery.
    Åneman, Oscar
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Neurosurgery. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Wårdell, Karin
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV).
    A laser Doppler system for monitoring of cerebral microcirculation: implementation and evaluation during neurosurgery2016In: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, ISSN 0140-0118, E-ISSN 1741-0444, ISSN 0140-0118, Vol. 54, no 1, p. 123-131Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to adapt and evaluate laser Doppler perfusion monitoring (LDPM) together with custom designed brain probes and software for continuous recording of cerebral microcirculation in patients undergoing neurosurgery. The LDPM system was used to record perfusion and backscattered light (TLI). These parameters were displayed together with the extracted heart rate (HR), pulsatility index (PI) and signal trends from adjustable time intervals. Technical evaluation was done on skin during thermal provocation. Clinical measurements were performed on ten patients undergoing brain tumour surgery. Data from 76 tissue sites were captured with a length varying between 10 s to 15 min. Statistical comparisons were done using Mann-Whitney tests. Grey and tumour tissue could be separated from white matter using the TLI-signal (p < 0.05). The perfusion was significantly higher in grey and tumour tissue compared to white matter (p < 0.005). LDPM was successfully used as an intraoperative tool for monitoring local blood flow and additional parameters linked to cerebral microcirculation (perfusion, TLI, heart rate and PI) during tumour resection. The systems stability opens up for studies in the postoperative care of patients with e.g. traumatic brain injury or subarachnoid haemorrhage.

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  • 315.
    Rejmstad, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation.
    Åkesson, Gustav
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Reconstruction Centre, Department of Neurosurgery UHL.
    Hillman, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuroscience. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Neurosurgery.
    Wårdell, Karin
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Instrumentation.
    A laser Doppler system for monitoring of intracerebral microcirculation2012In: Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc., ISSN 1557-170X, p. 1988-1991Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A two-channel standard laser Doppler perfusion monitor has been adapted for intracerebral measurements. Software developed in Labview makes it possible to present the microvascular perfusion, total light intensity (TLI), heart rate and trend curves in real-time during surgery. A custom-made optical probe was designed in order to enable easy fixation during brain surgery. The constructed brain probe was evaluated and compared to a standard probe. Both probes presented similar feasibility when used for the skin recordings. In addition, evaluation was done in one patient in relation to tumor resection. Stable perfusion and TLI signals were immediately recorded when the probe was positioned in cerebral tissue. Movement artifacts were clearly seen when the probe was moved to a new site. Recordings in cortex and tumor border showed higher perfusion and lower TLI compared to measurements in subcortical white matter. The calculated heart rate estimate agreed well with the noted value from the electrocardiographic patient monitoring system.                                                                                                                                                      

  • 316.
    Vaezi, Alireza
    et al.
    Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, Tehran 1417853111, Iran.
    Ghazban, Fereydoun
    Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, Tehran 1417853111, Iran.
    Tavakoli, Vahid
    School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, Tehran 1417853111, Iran.
    Routh, Joyanto
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Beni, Abdolmajid Naderi
    Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Etemadzadeh St, Tehran 1411813389, Iran.
    Bianchi, Thomas S.
    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
    Curtis, Jason H.
    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
    Kylin, Henrik
    Research Unit, Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
    A Late Pleistocene-Holocene multi-proxy record of climate variability in the Jazmurian playa, southeastern Iran2019In: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, ISSN 0031-0182, E-ISSN 1872-616X, Vol. 514, p. 754-767Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a multi-proxy record from a 5-m long sediment core from the Jazmurian playa in southeastern Iran to provide insights into globally-recognized major climatic events since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In particular, we examined how variability in the Indian Ocean Summer Monsoon (IOSM) and Mid-Latitude Westerlies (MLW) contribute to distinct environmental changes in this arid to hyper-arid region in the interior of West Asia. While interior West Asia showed cold windy conditions during the LGM and post-LGM, southeast Iran experienced quiescent conditions similar to south Asia. The presence of fine-grained sediments, low magnetic susceptibility, and a decrease in aeolian inputs from ca. 21 to 14 cal kyr BP, suggests that effects of both wind and precipitation were minimal during these quiescent conditions. Increased fluvial inputs, coupled with a low abundance of evaporite minerals in Jazmurian sediments, indicated a greater influence of the IOSM between 14 and 13.2 cal kyr BP. In contrast, the Jazmurian playa was dry and dusty between 13.2 and 11.4 cal kyr BP, as reflected by an increase in aeolian sands, and the presence of evaporite minerals. This was followed by a period of strong IOSM activity during the early Holocene, coinciding with higher fluvial input ca. 11.4 cal kyr BP. The early Holocene in southeast Iran was wetter than other analogs in south Asia because of inputs from both IOSM and MWL. Several intense dry periods with sharp increases in aeolian inputs occurred after the early Holocene, due to the southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Precipitation sources changed from a monsoon-dominated regime to one influenced mainly by the MLW during the late-Holocene. These results show that palaeoenvironmental changes in the Jazmurian playa, located at the border of IOSM and MLW zones, were primarily governed by global and regional paleoclimatic changes.

  • 317.
    Lindén, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems.
    A latency comparison of IoT protocols in MES2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Many industries are now moving several of their processes into the cloud computing sphere. One important process is to collect machine data in an effective way. Moving signal collection processes to the cloud instead of on premise raises many questions about performance, scalability, security and cost.This thesis focuses on some of the market leading and cutting edge protocols appropriate for industrial production data collection. It investigates and compares the pros and cons of the protocols with respect to the demands of industrial systems. The thesis also presents examples of how the protocols can be used to collect data all the way to a higher-level system such as ERP or MES.The protocols focused on are MQTT and AMQP (in OPC-UA). The possibilities of OPC-UA in cloud computing is of extra interest to investigate in this thesis due to its increasing usage and development.

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  • 318.
    Delzanno, Giorgio
    et al.
    Università di Genova.
    Rezine, Ahmed
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A lightweight regular model checking approach for parameterized systems2012In: International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, ISSN 1433-2779, E-ISSN 1433-2787, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 207-222Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, we have designed a lightweight approach to regular model checking specifically designed for parameterized systems with global conditions. Our approach combines the strength of regular languages, used for representing infinite sets of configurations, with symbolic model checking and approximations. In this paper, we give a uniform presentation of several variations of a symbolic backward reachability scheme in which different classes of regular expressions are used in place of BDDs. The classification of the proposed methods is based on the precision of the resulting approximated analysis.

  • 319.
    Hellström, Jesper
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems.
    Moberg, Anton
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, Software and Systems.
    A Lightweight Secure Development Process for Developers2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Following a secure development process when developing software can greatly increase the security of the software. Several secure development processes have been developed and are available for companies and organizations to adopt. However, the processes can be expensive and complex to adopt in terms of expertise, education, time, and other resources.In this thesis, a software service, developed by a small IT-consulting company, was tested with security tools and manual code review to find security vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities showed that there was room for security improvement in the software development life cycle. Therefore, a lightweight secure development process that can be used by developers, is proposed. The secure development process called Lightweight Developer-Oriented Security Process (LDOSP) is based on activities from other secure development processes and the choice of these activities were based on interviews with representatives of the IT-consulting company. The interviews showed that the process would need to be lightweight, time- and cost-efficient, and possible to be performed by a developer without extensive security experience. LDOSP contains 11 activities spread across different phases of the software development life cycle and an exemplification of the process was made to simplify the adoption of LDOSP.

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  • 320.
    Madhusudan, Seegapalya Chikkagangaiah
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Quality Technology and Management.
    A Literature study on Factors that enables Communication between R&D and Manufacturing2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Communication, coordination and cooperation are critical for a successful organization. This master's thesis work presents a literature study of the factors that influence the interface between Research & development and manufacturing functions. Research & development and manufacturing functions rarely share information among each other and rarely combine their skills and knowledge to produce effective and efficient work within organization. This is due to lack of mutual understanding improper communication and coordination among members in the teams. In the late 1990's, competition, Information Technology proliferation, increasing customer demands for better products at shorter lead times emphasized increased need for effective product development. Each function has its specialization and is effective in their domain. Each department has roles and responsibilities to complete given tasks. But they neglect the organizational and management issues and lack the focus where they are a part of a bigger process (i.e. delivering value to customer and making the company successful at the end of the day). The main focus of the thesis is to give deeper knowledge on communication and coordination between Research and Development and manufacturing. This is achieved by review of the articles, analysis and finally synthesis of literature to develop constructs and analysis models. This will help to understand the factors and its interaction. The factors identified are individual responsibilities, artefacts and system or domain understanding, communication idea, control and role distribution, teams, accessibility and arena for personal meetings and finally overall leadership.

    Each factor has its own and unique contribution to success with in the organization. These factors are interrelated and dependent on one another. Artefacts understanding deals with some actions and steps has to be taken in order to executive the give tasks, individual role plays an important role in what sense he\she will contribute to the team as well as to the organization. Even active responsibilities must understand the system or domain and quickly adjust to the environment and get practice on it. Teams are essential tool in any organization, working together creates creative problem solving,  improves effective of communication, improves development skills and ability of an individual, mutual understanding and cooperation among group members all will constitute to the teams. Finally teams are the critical building blocks of an organization. The model developed needs further testing through empirical evidence to increase its validity.

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  • 321.
    Dahlqvist Leinhard, Olof
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV.
    Dahlström, Nils
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiology . Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV.
    Brismar, T
    Sandström, Per
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Surgery . Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Surgery in Östergötland.
    Kihlberg, Johan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV.
    Smedby, Örjan
    Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Care, Medical Radiology. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology UHL. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV.
    Lundberg, Peter
    Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV. Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiation Physics . Linköping University, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Radiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Radiation Physics. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology in Linköping.
    A liver function test based on measurement of liver-specific contrast agent uptake2008In: Proceedings 16th Scientific meeting, ISMRM,2008, 2008Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

      

  • 322.
    Håkansson, Jennie
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Zoology . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Jensen, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Zoology . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A longitudinal study of antipredator behaviour in four successive generations of two populations of captive red junglefowl2008In: Applied Animal Behaviour Science, ISSN 0168-1591, E-ISSN 1872-9045, Vol. 114, no 3-4, p. 409-418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Conservation breeding and reintroduction into the wild can only be an effective management tool if behaviours essential for a life in the wild are maintained in captivity. The aim of this study was to investigate how a protected captive environment influences antipredator behaviour over generations. The red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) was used as a case study. Birds from two different captive populations were followed over four generations. In the last three generations, all birds were hatched and reared in the same indoor settings. Antipredator behaviour was measured in each generation in a standardised test where the birds were exposed to a simulated predator attack. The test was divided into three parts: pre-exposure period, exposure and post-exposure periods. There was an interaction effect between Population and generation (F-3.129 = 4.84, P < 0.01) on behaviour during the pre-exposure period, suggesting that the birds "baseline" agitation level may have been altered differently in the two populations. Population differences were also found during the post-exposure period but the populations tended to become more similar over successive generations in their behaviour after the exposure. Furthermore, there were significant effects of generation (H (d.f. = 1, N = 137) = 10.94, P < 0.05) as well as population (H (d.f. = 1, N = 137) = 5.17, P < 0.05) on the immediate reaction to the simulated predator attack. In conclusion, over four successive generations, the two populations altered their antipredator behaviour and tended to become more similar. This study shows that antipredator behaviour may change over generations in a captive environment. This is likely to be one of the most crucial factors for successful reintroduction into the wild and hence, it is a very important aspect to consider for conservation breeding.

  • 323.
    Jungert, Tomas
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Clinical and Social Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    A longitudinal study of engineering students’ approaches to their studies2008In: Higher Education Research and Development, ISSN 0729-4360, E-ISSN 1469-8366, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 201-214Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     

    This longitudinal study draws on data from a larger project and examines how students’ perceptions of their opportunities to influence their study environment may be enacted in approaches aimed at influencing their studies, and whether this changes during the course of their studies. Ten students from a 4.5-year Master’s programme in Engineering were studied throughout their education by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews, which were analysed thematically. The results indicate that students’ perceptions of their study environment were enacted in three approaches aimed at influencing their study environment: (i) to adapt to the environment and to study alone;(ii) to try to change the programme, to create an individual curriculum and to interact with teachers; and (iii) to cooperate with their peers. The thematic analysis suggests that students’ perceptions of their study environment were enacted in the different approaches and that these changed along with external demands in the programme.

     

  • 324.
    Oberg, Daniel
    et al.
    Vastervik Hosp, Sweden.
    Salemyr, Jenny
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Ortqvist, Eva
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Juul, Anders
    Rigshosp, Denmark; Univ Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bang, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    A longitudinal study of serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels over 6 years in a large cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A marker reflecting diabetic retinopathy2018In: Pediatric Diabetes, ISSN 1399-543X, E-ISSN 1399-5448, Vol. 19, no 5, p. 972-978Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    To evaluate longitudinal serum insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) in a large cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in relation to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), age, diabetes duration, and body mass index (BMI), its association to height and retinopathy, and in comparison with healthy subject references.

    Methods

    A total of 2683 serum IGF‐I values were obtained from 806 children and adolescents with T1DM, from annual blood samples for up to 6 consecutive years.

    Results

    In a multiple regression analysis IGF‐I values were negatively correlated to HbA1c and diabetes duration, and positively correlated to BMI (P < .001, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively, adjusted r2 = 0.102). Children and adolescents with T1DM had lower mean IGF‐I levels and reference interval limits compared to healthy subjects. In boys, mean (SD) IGF‐I SD score (SDS) levels were −1.04 (±1.3) calculated from the healthy reference. IGF‐I peaked at 15 years of age, similarly to healthy controls, but with markedly lower levels in late puberty. Girls were more affected at later stages of puberty but with a slightly less depressed overall mean IGF‐I SDS of −0.69 (±1.2). In a subgroup of 746 subjects with fundus photography, a negative correlation was seen between individual mean IGF‐I SDS and preproliferative retinopathy (P = .004, adjusted r2 = 0.021). In another subgroup of 84 adolescents, no correlation was seen between individual mean IGF‐I SDS and target height SDS or distance to target height SDS.

    Conclusion

    Poor metabolic control and diabetes duration impact negatively on serum IGF‐I levels. A low individual mean IGF‐I level was associated with progression of retinopathy independently of HbA1c, age, gender, and diabetes duration. Disease, sex and age related IGF‐I SDS may become clinical helpful as a supplement to HbA1c in predicting the long‐term outcome for children and adolescents with T1DM.

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  • 325.
    Asp, Filip
    et al.
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Mäki-Torkko, Elina
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Linköping.
    Karltorp, Eva
    Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Harder, Henrik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Linköping.
    Hergils, Leif
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Linköping.
    Eskilsson, Gunnar
    Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Stenfelt, Stefan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    A longitudinal study of the bilateral benefit in children with bilateral cochlear implants2015In: International Journal of Audiology, ISSN 1499-2027, E-ISSN 1708-8186, Vol. 54, no 2, p. 77-88Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To study the development of the bilateral benefit in children using bilateral cochlear implants by measurements of speech recognition and sound localization. Design: Bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet, in multi-source noise, and horizontal sound localization was measured at three occasions during a two-year period, without controlling for age or implant experience. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses were performed. Results were compared to cross-sectional data from children with normal hearing. Study sample: Seventy-eight children aged 5.1-11.9 years, with a mean bilateral cochlear implant experience of 3.3 years and a mean age of 7.8 years, at inclusion in the study. Thirty children with normal hearing aged 4.8-9.0 years provided normative data. Results: For children with cochlear implants, bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet was comparable whereas a bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization was found at all three test occasions. Absolute performance was lower than in children with normal hearing. Early bilateral implantation facilitated sound localization. Conclusions: A bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization continues to exist over time for children with bilateral cochlear implants, but no relative improvement is found after three years of bilateral cochlear implant experience.

  • 326.
    Hammar, Mats
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Larsson, Erika
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Bladh, Marie
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    Finnström, Orvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Gäddlin, Per-Olof
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Leijon, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Theodorsson, Elvar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Chemistry.
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Children's and Women's health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center of Paediatrics and Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Linköping.
    A long-term follow-up study of men born with very low birth weight and their reproductive hormone profile2018In: Systems biology in reproductive medicine, ISSN 1939-6376, Vol. 64, no 3, p. 207-215Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Environmental factors during the fetal period may adversely affect reproductive functions in men being born with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g). The objective of this prospective, controlled cohort study was to investigate if VLBW men have an altered reproductive hormone profile compared with men born at term. The study group initially consisted of all VLBW boys live-born between 1 February 1987 and 30 April 1988 in the south-east region of Sweden (n = 47). A control child was chosen born at term, at the same hospital, with the same parity, without malformations, and next in order after each VLBW child who survived the first four weeks (n = 45). The present follow-up was performed when the men were 26-28 years of age and included measurements of serum hormone levels, hair testosterone concentration, and anthropometric data. Also life-style questionnaires were collected from 26 VLBW men and 19 controls. The VLBW group (n = 26) had higher median levels of serum estradiol, 84.5 pmol/L than controls (n = 19), 57.5 pmol/L (p = 0.008). There was no significant correlation between serum estradiol and BMI (r = 0.06, p = 0.74). There were no differences in other hormone levels or the reproductive pattern between the groups. In conclusion, even though there was a statistically significant difference in estradiol levels between the groups, both groups had low normal mean levels of questionable clinical significance. The reproductive pattern was similar in the two groups and in this study being born VLBW does not seem to affect these measured aspects of reproduction.

    ABBREVIATIONS: ADHD: attention deficit hyperactive disorder; AGA: average for gestational age; BMI: body mass index; CP: cerebral palsy; DHT: dihydrotestosterone; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; LBW: low birth weight; LH: luteinizing hormone; SAD: sagittal abdominal diameter; SGA: small for gestational age; SHBG: sex hormone binding globulin; TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone; T3: triiodothyronine; T4: thyroxin; VLBW: very low birth weight.

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  • 327.
    Mugheri, Abdul Qayoom
    et al.
    Univ Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
    Tahira, Aneela
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Physics, Electronics and Mathematics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Aftab, Umair
    Mehran Univ Engn & Technol, Pakistan.
    Abro, Muhammad Ishaq
    Mehran Univ Engn & Technol, Pakistan.
    Bhatti, Adeel Liaquat
    Inst Phys Univ Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
    Ali, Shahid
    Univ Baluchistan, Pakistan.
    Abbasi, Mazhar Ali
    Inst Phys Univ Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
    Ibupoto, Zafar Hussain
    Univ Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
    A Low Charge Transfer Resistance CuO Composite for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media2021In: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, ISSN 1533-4880, E-ISSN 1533-4899, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 2613-2620Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An efficient, simple, environment-friendly and inexpensive cupric oxide (CuO) electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is demonstrated. CuO is chemically deposited on the porous carbon material obtained from the dehydration of common sugar. The morphology of CuO on the porous carbon material is plate-like and monoclinic crystalline phase is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. The OER activity of CuO nanostructures is investigated in 1 M KOH aqueous solution. To date, the proposed electrocatalyst has the lowest possible potential of 1.49 V versus RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode) to achieve a current density of 20 mA/cm(2) among the. CuO based electrocatalysts and has Tafel slope of 115 mV dec(-1). The electrocatalyst exhibits an excellent long-term stability for 6 hours along with significant durability. The enhanced catalytic active centers of CuO on the carbon material are due to the porous structure of carbon as well as strong coupling between CuO-C. The functionalization of metal oxides or other related nanostructured materials on porous carbon obtained from common sugar provides an opportunity for the development of efficient energy conversion and energy storage systems.

  • 328.
    Holmqvist, Britt-Marie
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pediatrics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Löfman, Owe
    Institute of Mathematical Science and Technology, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway.
    Samuelsson, Ulf
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pediatrics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A low incidence of Type 1 diabetes between 1977 and 2001 in south-eastern Sweden in areas with high population density and which are more deprived2008In: Diabetic Medicine, ISSN 0742-3071, E-ISSN 1464-5491, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 255-260Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims  To explore how socioeconomic factors and population density may contribute to the geographical variation of incidence of Type 1 diabetes in children in south-eastern Sweden.

    Method  All children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes in south-eastern Sweden during 1977–2001 were defined geographically to their place of residence and were allocated x and y coordinates in the national grid. The population at risk and socioeconomic data were aggregated in 82 000 200-m squares and geocoded likewise. A socioeconomic index was calculated using a signed χ2 method. Rural–urban gradients were defined by overlay analysis in a geographic information system.

    Results  The incidence during the past 25 years has been rising steadily, particularly in the last 6 years. The incidence was highest in areas with a high proportion of small families, of families with a high family income and better education, and this was found both at the time of diagnosis and at the time of birth. In the rural–urban analysis, the lowest incidence was found in the urban area with > 20 000 inhabitants, where there was also a higher frequency of deprivation.

    Conclusions  Our findings indicate that geographical variations in incidence rates of Type 1 diabetes in children are associated with socioeconomic factors and population density, although other contributing factors remain to be explained.

  • 329.
    Larsson, Marie C
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Lerm, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ängeby, Kristian
    Karolinska University Hospital, Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
    Nordvall, Michaela
    Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Jureen, Pontus
    Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Schön, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden; Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
    A luciferase-based assay for rapid assessment of drug activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis including monitoring of macrophage viability2014In: Journal of Microbiological Methods, ISSN 0167-7012, E-ISSN 1872-8359, Vol. 106, p. 146-150Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The intracellular (IC) effect of drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is not well established but increasingly important to consider when combining current and future multidrug regimens into the best possible treatment strategies. For this purpose, we developed an IC model based on a genetically modified Mtb H37Rv strain, expressing the Vibrio harvei luciferase (H37Rv-lux) infecting the human macrophage like cell line THP-1. Cells were infected at a low multiplicity of infection (1:1) and subsequently exposed to isoniazid (INH), ethambutol (EMB), amikacin (AMI) or levofloxacin (LEV) for 5 days in a 96-well format. Cell viability was evaluated by Calcein AM and was maintained throughout the experiment. The number of viable H37Rv-lux was determined by luminescence and verified by a colony forming unit analysis. The results were compared to the effects of the same drugs in broth cultures. AMI, EMB and LEV were significantly less effective intracellularly (MIC90: greater than4 mg/L, 8 mg/L and 2 mg/L, respectively) compared to extracellularly (MIC90: 0.5 mg/L for AMI and EMB; 0.25 mg/L for LEV). The reverse was the case for INH (IC: 0.064 mg/L vs EC: 0.25 mg/L). In conclusion, this luciferase based method, in which monitoring of cell viability is included, has the potential to become a useful tool while evaluating the intracellular effects of anti-mycobacterial drugs.

  • 330.
    Persson, Lennart
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Pathology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Respiratory Medicine UHL.
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Pharmacology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A lysosomotropic form of alpha-lipoic acid: a possible therapy of diabetic complications?2002In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 45, p. A175-A175Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 331.
    Potter, Emily
    et al.
    Deakin University, Australia.
    Miller, Fiona
    Macquarie University, Australia.
    Lövbrand, Eva
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Centre for Climate Science and Policy Research, CSPR.
    Houston, Donna
    Macquarie University, Australia.
    McLean, Jessica
    Macquarie University, Australia.
    O’Gorman, Emily
    Macquarie University, Australia.
    Evers, Clifton
    Newcastle University, UK.
    Ziervogel, Gina
    University of Cape Town, South Africa.
    A manifesto for shadowplaces: Re-imagining andco-producing connectionsfor justice in an era of climate change2022In: Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, ISSN 2514-8486, E-ISSN 2514-8494 , Vol. 5, no 1, p. 272-292Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, on behalf of The Shadow Places Network, we outline a working manifesto of politics and practice. We mobilise the format of the manifesto to speak to an uncertain and damaged future, to begin to imagine other possible worlds. For feminist philosopher Val Plumwood, whose thinking inspires this network, shadow places are the underside of the capitalist fantasy, ‘the multiple disregarded places of economic and ecological support’. In turning towards shadow places, and the unjust and unsustainable processes that produce them, we call for an environmental humanities that reaches beyond abstraction, fosters new responsibilities, considers the uncomfortable, and generates reparative possibilities and alternative futures. We aim to continue to trace out a world of shadow places. We acknowledge that these shadow places cannot be known in full, but through a willingness to engage in careful conversation with the beings and places harmed by (or strategically shielded from) processes of the Anthropocene, we can learn how to relate to each other and these places in more just ways. Recognising that shadow places are impermanent and contingent, this working manifesto does not look to predetermine or prescribe but rather invites conversation, encounter and exchange. In so doing we choose to contribute to making different worlds possible by pursuing new collaborations, new methods and new politics. 

  • 332.
    Pienaar, Elsje
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lerm, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A mathematical model of the initial interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and macrophages2014In: Journal of Theoretical Biology, ISSN 0022-5193, E-ISSN 1095-8541, Vol. 342, p. 23-32Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a large body of literature describing molecular level interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and macrophages. Macrophages initiate a range of anti-bacterial mechanisms in response to infection, and Mtb is capable of surviving and circumventing many of these responses. We apply a computational approach to ask: what are the effects on the cellular level of these opposing interactions? The model considers the interplay between bacterial killing and the pathogen's interference with macrophage function. The results reveal an oscillating balance between host and pathogen, but the balance is transient and varies in length, indicating that stochasticity in the bacterial population or host response could contribute to the diverse incubation periods observed in exposed individuals. The model captures host and strain variation and gives new insight into host-pathogen compatibility and co-evolution.

  • 333.
    Andreasson, Martin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Project Innovations and Entrepreneurship.
    Berisha, Taulant
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Project Innovations and Entrepreneurship.
    A Matrix Organization in Change: The Challenges of Resource Allocation in a Growing Multi-Project Environment2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    It is not uncommon for organizations going through a change connected to growth to be faced by new challenges. To grow, they need to explore new markets and engage in development of new products which they have little or no previous experience in developing. Uncertainty highly influences these settings which creates problems not always connected to technical development. Dealing with a situation where more and more projects are undertaken is complex, and it puts pressure on resource allocation methods. The portfolio of projects sets demand for human resources, which is supplied through a human resource management system by the line organization, to projects. If problems occur, the project portfolio demands re-allocation of resources and prioritizing to cope with new prerequisites.

    At the studied site, TECHX has gone from a small company focusing on a narrow market segment, to become a manufacturer of several product solutions expanding their presence in the market. By exploring new market segments and employing more personnel, TECHX are in a completely new position compared to 20 years ago. The company has experienced difficulties in dealing with resource allocation in projects, and a lot of resource re-allocation is done to put out fires in projects. This creates a situation where resources are moved around, which affects smooth-going projects negatively. This study has found a lack of project portfolio management, and that not enough focus is directed towards long-term resource allocation.

    This master’s thesis has studied the interaction between project portfolio management, human resource management and day-to-day planning, and how they affect resource allocation. It was obvious that TECHX do not have a management system in place for their project portfolio which was determined to be a major factor for having problems connected to resource allocation. Adding the informal and insufficient communication between departments and managers, and the unsuitable project work set-up, and the situation has become too hard to handle. This thesis recommends TECHX to engage in the project portfolio through a defined project portfolio manager. This role will formalize how projects are prioritized and how resources will be re-allocated to projects in need. To get the most out of the projects, project teams would benefit from co-location with each other to improve knowledge and experience sharing, reducing the barriers between them. To make sure a sustainable work environment is achieved, HR need to be more active in the daily work to support managers in need of guidance.

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    A Matrix Organization in Change
  • 334.
    Lundengård, Karin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Radiological Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV).
    Elinder, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Engström, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Radiological Sciences. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV).
    A mechanistic model for blood flow regulation in response to neuronal activity2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 335.
    Nuttall, Alfred L.
    et al.
    Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    Ricci, Anthony J.
    Stanford Univ, CA 94025 USA; Stanford Univ, CA 94025 USA.
    Burwood, George
    Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    Harte, James M.
    Tech Univ Denmark, Denmark.
    Stenfelt, Stefan
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Speech language pathology, Audiology and Otorhinolaryngology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Caye-Thomasen, Per
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Denmark.
    Ren, Tianying
    Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    Ramamoorthy, Sripriya
    Indian Inst Technol, India.
    Zhang, Yuan
    Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    Wilson, Teresa
    Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    Lunner, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Disability Research. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research. Oticon AS, Denmark.
    Moore, Brian C. J.
    Univ Cambridge, England.
    Fridberger, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Divison of Neurobiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Oregon Hlth and Sci Univ, OR 97239 USA.
    A mechanoelectrical mechanism for detection of sound envelopes in the hearing organ2018In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 9, article id 4175Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To understand speech, the slowly varying outline, or envelope, of the acoustic stimulus is used to distinguish words. A small amount of information about the envelope is sufficient for speech recognition, but the mechanism used by the auditory system to extract the envelope is not known. Several different theories have been proposed, including envelope detection by auditory nerve dendrites as well as various mechanisms involving the sensory hair cells. We used recordings from human and animal inner ears to show that the dominant mechanism for envelope detection is distortion introduced by mechanoelectrical transduction channels. This electrical distortion, which is not apparent in the sound-evoked vibrations of the basilar membrane, tracks the envelope, excites the auditory nerve, and transmits information about the shape of the envelope to the brain.

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  • 336.
    Eklund, Daniel
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Welin, Amanda
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Lerm, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Microbiology . Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    A medium-throughput microplate-based ex vivo model for measuring intramacrophage growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis in CYTOKINE, vol 48, issue 1-2, pp 14-142009In: CYTOKINE, 2009, Vol. 48, no 1-2, p. 14-14Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    n/a

  • 337.
    Dragioti, Elena
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Pain and Rehabilitation Center.
    Björk, Mathilda
    Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Division of Occupational Therapy. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Rheumatology.
    Larsson, Britt
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Pain and Rehabilitation Center.
    Gerdle, Björn
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Pain and Rehabilitation Center.
    A Meta-Epidemiological Appraisal of the Effects of Interdisciplinary Multimodal Pain Therapy Dosing for Chronic Low Back Pain2019In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, E-ISSN 2077-0383, Vol. 8, no 6, article id 871Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using a meta-analysis, meta-regression, and a meta-epidemiological approach, we conducted a systematic review to examine the influence of interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy (IMPT) dosage on pain, disability, return to work, quality of life, depression, and anxiety in published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP). We considered all RCTs of IMPT from a Cochrane review and searched PubMed for additional RCTs through 30 September 2018. A subgroup random-effects meta-analysis by length, contact, and intensity of treatment was performed followed by a meta-regression analysis. Using random and fixed-effect models and a summary relative odds ratio (ROR), we compared the effect sizes (ES) from short-length, non-daily contact, and low-intensity RCTs with long-length, daily contact, and high-intensity RCTs. Heterogeneity was quantified with the I-2 metric. A total of 47 RCTs were selected. Subgroup meta-analysis showed that there were larger ES for pain and disability in RCTs with long-length, non-daily contact, and low intensity of treatment. Larger ES were also observed for quality of life in RCTs with short-length, non-daily contact, and low intensity treatment. However, these findings were not confirmed by the meta-regression analysis. Likewise, the summary RORs were not significant, indicating that the length, contact, and intensity of treatment did not have an overall effect on the investigated outcomes. For the outcomes investigated here, IMPT dosage is not generally associated with better ES, and an optimal dosage was not determined.

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  • 338.
    Siemers, Alexander
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Fritzson, Dag
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Meta-Modeling Environment for Mechanical System Co-Simulations2007In: Proceedings of the 48th Scandinavian Conference on Simulation and Modeling (SIMS 2007) / [ed] Peter Bunus, Dag Fritzson and Claus Führer, Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press , 2007, p. 109-116Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A general approach for modelling of mechanical system co-simulations is presented that is built upon the previously defined general framework for TLM co-simulations and co-simulation meta-modelling.

    Co-simulation is one technique for coupling different simulators into one coherent simulation. Existing co-simulation applications are often capable of interconnecting two specific simulators where a unique interface between these tools is defined. However, a more general solution is needed to make co-simulation modelling applicable for a wider range of tools. Any such solution must also be numerically stable and easy to use to be applicable by a larger group of people.

    In this work the concept of meta-modelling is applied to mechanical co-simulation. Several tool-specific simulation models can be integrated and connected by means of a meta-model, where the meta-model  defines the physical interconnections of these models.

    A general meta-modelling process is described that represents the basis for this work. A meta-modelling language (MML) has been defined to support the modelling process and store the meta-model structure. Besides elements for physical interconnections, etc., the language also defines graphical elements that can be used for meta-model  visualisation. All proposed solutions are general and simulation tool independent.

    A fully functional modelling environment has been created to make meta-modelling applicable. The modelling environment supports easy encapsulation and integration of simulation tool-specific models. Each simulation tool implements a single, well defined co-simulation interface. All interfaces implement a numerically stable method for force/moment interaction. The presented environment features a graphical user  interface for co-simulation modelling with support for three dimensional  visual representation of the co-simulation model including all its components.

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  • 339.
    Fröberg, Henric
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A metaproteomics-based method for environmental assessment: A pilot study2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Metaproteomics, as a proteomic approach to analyse environmental samples, is a new and expanding field of research. The field promises new ways of determining the status of the organisms present in a sample, and could provide additional information compared to metagenomics. Being a novel field of research, robust methods and protocols have not yet been established. In this thesis, we examine several methods for a reliable extraction of protein from soil and periphyton samples. The extraction should preferably be fast, compatible with downstream analysis by mass spectrometry and extract proteins in proportion to their presence in the original sample. A variety of methods and buffers were used to extract proteins from soil and periphyton samples. Concentration determinations showed that all of these methods extracted enough protein for further analysis. For purification and digestion of the samples, several methods were used. The purified samples were analysed on three different mass spectrometers, with the Orbitrap Velos Pro delivering the best results. The results were matched against four genomic and metagenomic databases for identification of proteins, of which the UniProt/SwissProt database gave the best result. A maximum of 52 proteins were identified from periphyton samples when searching against UniProt/SwissProt with strict settings, of which the majority were highly conserved proteins. The main limitation for this type of work is currently the lack of proper metagenomic databases.

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    A metaproteomics-based method for environmental assessment
  • 340.
    Sowdamini Nakka, Sravya
    et al.
    PEAS Institut, Linköping, Sweden.
    Johansson, Jessica
    Örebro University, Sweden.
    Shahzad, Fasial
    PEAS Institut, Linköping, Sweden.
    Hanning, Anders
    Episentec AB, Sollentuna, Sweden.
    Nayeri, Fariba
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Infectious Diseases. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Heart and Medicine Center, Department of Infectious Diseases. PEAS Institut, Linköping.
    A methachromatic-based experimental model for identification of bowel as the focus of an acute inflammation2013In: Open Journal of Gastroenterology, ISSN 2163-9450, E-ISSN 2163-9469, Vol. 3, no 1, p. 42-48Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute inflammation in gastrointestinal tract and the patients are isolated in order to inhibit transmission and to conduct investigations. Yet there is no standard test to distinguish gastrointestinal infection from more generalized diseases at admittance which might cause delay in therapy. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced upon injury by mesenchymal cells. On the contrary to chronic inflammation, HGF produced in the course of acute inflammation is biologically active and shows binding affinity to heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG) and dextran sulphate (DS). Based on this phenomenon, an agarose gel containing DS was prepared and immobilized on loops to investigate the feces samples for the presence or absence of growth factors such as HGF with affinity to DS. The study is conducted as a clinical evaluation of an experimental model to distinguish acute infectious gastroenteritis from other causes of diarrhea. 656 fecal samples gathered consequently from patients seeking for bowel disturbances and healthy were tested by the test and the medical reports were investigated. Upon interaction with DS, methylene blue changes color to pink. This phenomenon was inhibited by HGF and converted by addition of anti-HGF antibodies to the samples. The test distinguished acute infectious gastroenteritis with high sensitivity and specificity (96% and 92% respectively) from other causes of diarrhea. We introduce a metachromatic experimental model that might distinguish acute inflammation in alimentary tract from other causes of diarrhea. This model might be used in developing rapid diagnostic tests.

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  • 341.
    Sandahl, Kristian
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    Patel, Mikael
    Ericsson AB.
    Borg, Andreas
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, PELAB - Programming Environment Laboratory.
    A Method for Assessing and Improving Processes for Capacity in Telecommunication Systems2007In: Seventh Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice in Sweden,2007, Göteborg: IT university of Göteborg , 2007, p. 86-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 342.
    Danielsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Lindgren, Anders
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    A method for collision handling for industrial robots2008Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This master's thesis presents the development of a collision handling function for Motoman industrial robots and investigates further use of the developed software. When a collision occurs the arm is to be retracted to a safe home location and the job is to be restarted to resume the production. The retraction can be done manually, which demands that the operator has to have good knowledge in robot handling and it might be a time consuming task. To minimise the time for restarting the job after a collision and allowing employees that have limited knowledge in robot handling to retract and restart the job, Motoman provides an automatical retraction function. However, the retraction function may cause further collisions when used and therefor a new function for retracting the arm is needed. The new function is based on that the motion of the robot is recorded by sampling the servo values, which are then stored in a buffer. A job file is automatically created and loaded into the control system, and the position variables of the job file are updated using the contents of the buffer. This will ensure a safe retraction of the arm as long as the environment surrounding the robot remains the same.

    The developed software made it possible to control the robot in real-time by changing the buffer information, which has lead to a cognitive system called the Pathfinder. By initiating the Pathfinder function with at least a start and an end point, the function generates a collision free path between the start point and the end point. A pilot-study has also been made concerning integration of a vision system with the Pathfinder to increase the decision handling for the function.

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  • 343.
    Augier, Eric
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Dulman, Russell S.
    National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, USA.
    Singley, Erick
    National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, USA.
    Heilig, Markus
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Psychiatry.
    A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training2017In: Journal of Visualized Experiments, E-ISSN 1940-087X, no 119, article id e53305Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Operant oral self-administration methods are commonly used to study the reinforcing properties of ethanol in animals. However, the standard methods require saccharin/sucrose fading, water deprivation and/or extended training to initiate operant responding in rats. This paper describes a novel and efficient method to quickly initiate operant responding for ethanol that is convenient for experimenters and does not require water deprivation or saccharin/sucrose fading, thus eliminating the potential confound of using sweeteners in ethanol operant self-administration studies. With this method, Wistar rats typically acquire and maintain self-administration of a 20% ethanol solution in less than two weeks of training. Furthermore, blood ethanol concentrations and rewards are positively correlated for a 30 min self-administration session. Moreover, naltrexone, an FDA-approved medication for alcohol dependence that has been shown to suppress ethanol self-administration in rodents, dose-dependently decreases alcohol intake and motivation to consume alcohol for rats self-administering 20% ethanol, thus validating the use of this new method to study the reinforcing properties of alcohol in rats.

  • 344.
    Sunnaker, Mikael
    et al.
    Fraunhofer Chalmers Research Centre for Industrial Math.
    Cedersund, Gunnar
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Jirstrand, Mats
    Fraunhofer Chalmers Research Centre for Industrial Math.
    A method for zooming of nonlinear models of biochemical systems2011In: BMC Systems Biology, E-ISSN 1752-0509, Vol. 5, no 140Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Models of biochemical systems are typically complex, which may complicate the discovery of cardinal biochemical principles. It is therefore important to single out the parts of a model that are essential for the function of the system, so that the remaining non-essential parts can be eliminated. However, each component of a mechanistic model has a clear biochemical interpretation, and it is desirable to conserve as much of this interpretability as possible in the reduction process. Furthermore, it is of great advantage if we can translate predictions from the reduced model to the original model. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: In this paper we present a novel method for model reduction that generates reduced models with a clear biochemical interpretation. Unlike conventional methods for model reduction our method enables the mapping of predictions by the reduced model to the corresponding detailed predictions by the original model. The method is based on proper lumping of state variables interacting on short time scales and on the computation of fraction parameters, which serve as the link between the reduced model and the original model. We illustrate the advantages of the proposed method by applying it to two biochemical models. The first model is of modest size and is commonly occurring as a part of larger models. The second model describes glucose transport across the cell membrane in bakers yeast. Both models can be significantly reduced with the proposed method, at the same time as the interpretability is conserved. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: We introduce a novel method for reduction of biochemical models that is compatible with the concept of zooming. Zooming allows the modeler to work on different levels of model granularity, and enables a direct interpretation of how modifications to the model on one level affect the model on other levels in the hierarchy. The method extends the applicability of the method that was previously developed for zooming of linear biochemical models to nonlinear models.

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  • 345.
    Broström, Tor
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Sweden .
    Eriksson, Petra
    Uppsala University, Sweden .
    Liu, Linn
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Rohdin, Patrik
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ståhl, Fredrik
    SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden.
    Moshfegh, Bahram
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Method to Assess the Potential for and Consequences of Energy Retrofits in Swedish Historic Buildings2014In: The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, ISSN 1756-7505, E-ISSN 1756-7513, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 150-166Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish research project Potential and Policies for Energy Efficiency in Swedish Historic Buildings aims to investigate the interdependency between political energy targets and effects on the built heritage. The first part of this paper presents an iterative and interactive method to assess the potential for and consequences of improving the energy performance in a stock of historic buildings. Key elements in the method are: categorisation of the building stock, identifying targets, assessment of measures, and life-cycle cost optimisation. In the second part of the paper, the method is applied to a typical Swedish building. The selected case study shows how the method allows for an interaction between the quantitative assessment of the techno-economic optimisation and the qualitative assessment of vulnerability and other risks. Through a multidisciplinary dialogue and iteration it is possible to arrive at a solution that best balances energy conservation and building conservation in a given decision context.

  • 346.
    Holmgren, Mary
    Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    A method to evaluate environmental enrichments for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in zoos2007Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 40 points / 60 hpStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Environmental enrichment (EE) is used to improve the life of captive animals by giving them more opportunities to express species-specific behaviours. Zoo elephants are one of the species that is in great need of EE because their environment is often barren. Before making EE permanent, however, it is wise to test first if it works as intended, to save time and money. Maximum price paid is one measure that can be used to assess if an animal has any interest in a resource at all. Food is often used as a comparator against EEs in these kinds of studies. The aim was to investigate if the maximum price paid concept could be used to measure the value of EEs for the two female Asian elephants at Kolmården and to find an operant test suitable for them for the experimental trials. Three series of food trials were done with each elephant, where they had to lift weights by pulling a rope with their mouth to get access to 5kg hay. The elephants paid a maximum price of 372 and 227kg, respectively. However, the maximum price the elephants paid for access to the hay was not stable across the three series of trials. Hence it is recommended that the comparator trials are repeated close in time to the EEs to be tested. The readiness by which these elephants performed the task makes it worthwhile to further pursue this approach as one of the means to improve the well-being of zoo elephants.

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  • 347.
    Sakao, Tomohiko
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Wasserbaur, Raphael
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Fabrice, Mathieux
    European Commission Joint Research Centre.
    A methodological approach for manufacturers to enhancevalue-in-use of service-based offerings considering three dimensions of sustainability2019In: CIRP annals, ISSN 0007-8506, E-ISSN 1726-0604, Vol. 68, no 1, p. 33-36Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To shift towards a sustainable society, lifecycle engineering methodologies addressing the social dimension need to be advanced. A new methodological approach is proposed for manufacturers to address the three dimensions of sustainability. This approach aims to enhance value-in-use of service-based offerings and supports designers with two social indicators and five generally applicable recommendations involving multiple product lives towards a circular economy. For validation, it was applied to the case of a manufacturer of washing machines for European consumer markets. Results show that the approach supports designers to incorporate the social dimension efficiently while improving resource efficiency.

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  • 348.
    Filla, Reno
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechanical Engineering Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    A Methodology for Modeling the Influence of Construction Machinery Operators on Productivity and Fuel Consumption2009In: Proceedings from the Human-Computer Interaction HCI International 2009, San Diego (CA), USA: Digital Human Modeling, Berlin / Heidelberg: Springer , 2009, p. 614-623Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper is concerned with modeling the actions of a human operator of construction machinery and integrating this operator model into a large, complex simulation model of the complete machine and its environment. Because human operators to a large degree affect how the machine is run, adaptive operator models are a necessity when the simulation goal is quantification and optimization of productivity and energy efficiency.

    Interview studies and test series have been performed to determine how professionals operate wheel loaders. Two models using different approaches were realized and integrated into a multi-domain model for dynamic simulation. The results are satisfactory and the methodology is easily usable for other, similar situations.

  • 349.
    Mukwaya, Anthony
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Lindvall, Jessica M.
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Xeroudaki, Maria
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Ophthalmology in Linköping.
    Peebo, Beatrice
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Ophthalmology in Linköping.
    Ali, Zaheer
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Lennikov, Anton
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Jensen, Lasse
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Center for Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology. Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Lagali, Neil
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Ophthalmology in Linköping.
    A microarray whole-genome gene expression dataset in a rat model of inflammatory corneal angiogenesis2016In: Scientific Data, E-ISSN 2052-4463, Vol. 3, article id UNSP 160103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In angiogenesis with concurrent inflammation, many pathways are activated, some linked to VEGF and others largely VEGF-independent. Pathways involving inflammatory mediators, chemokines, and micro-RNAs may play important roles in maintaining a pro-angiogenic environment or mediating angiogenic regression. Here, we describe a gene expression dataset to facilitate exploration of pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory, and remodelling/normalization-associated genes during both an active capillary sprouting phase, and in the restoration of an avascular phenotype. The dataset was generated by microarray analysis of the whole transcriptome in a rat model of suture-induced inflammatory corneal neovascularisation. Regions of active capillary sprout growth or regression in the cornea were harvested and total RNA extracted from four biological replicates per group. High quality RNA was obtained for gene expression analysis using microarrays. Fold change of selected genes was validated by qPCR, and protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We provide a gene expression dataset that may be re-used to investigate corneal neovascularisation, and may also have implications in other contexts of inflammation-mediated angiogenesis.

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  • 350.
    Fridlund, Jimmy
    et al.
    Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden.
    Woksepp, Hanna
    Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden; Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Schön, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden; Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    A microbiological method for determining serum levels of broad spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients2016In: Journal of Microbiological Methods, ISSN 0167-7012, E-ISSN 1872-8359, Vol. 129, p. 23-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Recent studies show that suboptimal blood levels of beta-lactam antibiotics are present in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. A common reference method for assessing drug concentrations is liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) which is highly accurate but rarely available outside reference centres. Thus, our aim was to develop a microbiological method for monitoring beta-lactam antibiotic serum levels which could be used at any hospital with a microbiological laboratory. Methods: The method was developed as a 96-well broth microdilution format to assess the concentrations of cefotaxime (CTX), meropenem (MER), and piperacillin (PIP). Patient serum containing antibiotics were diluted in suspensions of bacteria with known minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Serum antibiotic concentrations were calculated by dividing the MIC with the dilution factor at which the serum inhibited growth of the bacterial suspension. Serum (n = 88) from ICU patients at four hospitals in south-east Sweden were analysed and compared to LC-MS analysis. Results: The overall accuracy and precision for spiked samples and patient samples was within the pre-set target of +/- 20.0% for all drugs. There was a significant correlation between the microbiological assay and LC-MS for the patient samples (CTX: r = 0.86, n = 31; MER: r = 0.96, n = 11; PIP: r = 0.88, n = 39) and the agreement around the clinical cut-off for CTX (4.0 mg/l), MER (2.0 mg/l) and PIP (16.0 mg/l) was 90%, 100% and 87%, respectively. Conclusion: The microbiological method has a performance for determination of serum levels of meropenem, piperacillin and cefotaxime suitable for clinical use. It is an inexpensive method applicable in any microbiology laboratory. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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