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  • 301.
    Omar, Omar Jaber
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electronic Devices. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    An On-Chip Memory for Testing of High-Speed Mixed-Signal Circuits2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Mixed-signal processing systems especially data converters can be reliably tested at high frequencies using on-chip testing schemes based on memory. In this thesis, an on-chip testing strategy based on shift registers/memory (2 k bits) has been proposed for digital-to-analog converters (DACs) operating at 5 GHz. The proposed design uses word length of 8 bits in order to test DAC at high speed of 5 GHz. The proposed testing strategy has been designed in standard 65 nm CMOS technology with additional requirement of 1-V supply. This design has been implemented using Cadence IC design environment.

    The additional advantage of the proposed testing strategy is that it requires lower number of I/O pins and avoids the large number of high speed I/O pads. It therefore also solves the problem of the bandwidth limitation that is associated with I/O transmission paths. The design of the on-chip tester based on memory contains no analog block and is implemented entirely in digital domain. In the proposed design, low frequency of 1 MHz has been used outside the chip to load the data into the memory during the write mode. During the read mode, the frequency of 625 MHz is used to read the data from the memory. A multiplexing system is used to reuse the stored data during read mode to test the intended functionality and performance. In order to convert the parallel data into serial data at high frequency at the memory output, serializer has been used. By using the frequencies of 1.25 GHz and 2.5 GHz, the serializer speeds up the data from the lower frequency of 625 MHz to the highest frequency of 5 GHz in order to test DAC at 5 GHz.

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    Master_Thesis_Report_omaom156
  • 302.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Monti, Paolo
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    An Optical Overlay Network Concept for Hard QoS Requirements2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It has long been argued that the best-effort strategy on which Internet is based will limit its use for real-time applications such as video or telephony. However, it has been shown that such services can indeed tolerate some jitter and rate variations through various error resilience and concealment techniques. Despite of that the Internet infrastructure is continuously upgraded with higher performance components, which further reduce the transmission problems; still there are certain classes of applications that undoubtedly will need new transmission paradigms. An example is the remote control of an industrial process that may require jitter levels down to a few microseconds. Another example is quantum cryptography where an optical transparent path between sender and receiver is to be established. In this paper we present a concept based on an optical overlay network infrastructure. This network concept can be applied in an incremental way and will enable the current network infrastructure to handle demands with such extreme QoS requirements.

  • 303.
    Lunden, Hampus
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. FOI, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Sweden.
    Pitrat, Delphine
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Mulatier, Jean-Christophe
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Monnereau, Cyrille
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Minda, Iulia
    The Division of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Liotta, Adrien
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Chabera, Pavel
    The Division of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Hopen, Didrik K.
    Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
    Lopes, Cesar
    Swedish Def Res Agcy, FOI, Linköping, Sweden.
    Parola, Stephane
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Pullerits, Tonu
    The Division of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Andraud, Chantal
    Laboratoire de Chimie, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Lindgren, Mikael
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Norwegian Univ Sci and Technol, Norway.
    An Optical Power Limiting and Ultrafast Photophysics Investigation of a Series of Multi-Branched Heavy Atom Substituted Fluorene Molecules2019In: INORGANICS, ISSN 2304-6740, Vol. 7, no 10, article id 126Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A common molecular design paradigm for optical power limiting (OPL) applications is to introduce heavy atoms that promote intersystem crossing and triplet excited states. In order to investigate this effect, three multi-branched fluorene molecules were prepared where the central moiety was either an organic benzene unit, para-dibromobenzene, or a platinum(II)-alkynyl unit. All three molecules showed good nanosecond OPL performance in solution. However, only the dibromobenzene and Pt-alkynyl compounds showed strong microsecond triplet excited state absorption (ESA). To investigate the photophysical cause of the OPL, especially for the fully organic molecule, photokinetic measurements including ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy were performed. At nanosecond timescales, the ESA of the organic molecule was larger than the two with intersystem crossing (ISC) promoters, explaining its good OPL performance. This points to a design strategy where the singlet-state ESA is balanced with the ISC rate to increase OPL performance at the beginning of a nanosecond pulse.

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  • 304.
    Blikstad, Mathias
    et al.
    Saab AB, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Emil
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Lööw, Tomas
    Saab AB, Sweden.
    Rönnberg, Elina
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    An Optimisation Approach for Pre-Runtime Scheduling of Tasks and Communication in an Integrated Modular Avionic System2017Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In modern integrated modular avionic systems, applications share hardware resources on a common avionic platform. Such an architecture necessitates strict requirements on the spatial and temporal partitioning of the system to prevent fault propagation between different aircraft functions. One way to establish a temporal partitioning is through pre-runtime scheduling of the system, which involves creating a schedule for both tasks and a communication network.

    While the avionic systems are growing more and more complex, so is the challenge of scheduling them. Scheduling of the system has an important role in the development of new avionic systems since functionality typically is added to the system over a period of several years and a scheduling tool is used both to detect if the platform can host the new functionality and, in case this is possible, to create a new schedule. For this reason an exact solution strategy for avionics scheduling is preferred over a heuristic one.

    In this paper we present a mathematical model for an industrially relevant avionic system and present a constraint generation  procedure for scheduling of such systems. We apply our optimisation approach to instances provided by our industrial partner. These instances are of relevance for the development of future avionic systems and contain up to 20 000 tasks to be scheduled. The computational results show that our optimisation approach can be used to create schedules for such instances within reasonable time.

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  • 305.
    Blikstad, Mathias
    et al.
    Saab AB, Linköping, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Emil
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Saab AB, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lööw, Tomas
    Saab AB, Linköping, Sweden.
    Rönnberg, Elina
    Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, Optimization . Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Saab AB, Linköping, Sweden.
    An optimisation approach for pre-runtime scheduling of tasks and communication in an integrated modular avionic system2018In: Optimization and Engineering, ISSN 1389-4420, E-ISSN 1573-2924, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 977-1004Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In modern integrated modular avionic systems, applications share hardware resources on a common avionic platform. Such an architecture necessitates strict requirements on the spatial and temporal partitioning of the system to prevent fault propagation between different aircraft functions. One way to establish a temporal partitioning is through pre-runtime scheduling of the system, which involves creating a schedule for both tasks and a communication network. While avionic systems are growing more and more complex, so is the challenge of scheduling them. The scheduling of the system has an important role in the development of new avionic systems, since functionality is typically added to the system over a period of several years and a scheduling tool is used both to detect if the platform can host the new functionality and, if this is possible, to create a new schedule. For this reason an exact solution strategy for avionics scheduling is preferred over a heuristic one. In this paper we present a mathematical model for an industrially relevant avionic system and present a constraint generation procedure for the scheduling of such systems. We apply our optimisation approach to instances provided by our industrial partner. These instances are of relevance for the development of future avionic systems and contain up to 20,000 tasks to be scheduled. The computational results show that our optimisation approach can be used to create schedules for such instances within a reasonable time.

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    fulltext
  • 306.
    Ajmal, Muhammad
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Furdek, Marija
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden / Dept. of Telecommunications, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Monti, Paolo
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wosinska, Lena
    Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Forchheimer, Robert
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Coding. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    An Optimization Model for Dynamic Bulk Provisioning in Elastic Optical Networks2014In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2014, Optics Info Base, Optical Society of America, 2014, p. AF3E.6-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigate benefits of setup-delay tolerance in elastic optical networks and propose an optimization model for dynamic and concurrent connection provisioning. Simulation shows that the proposed strategy offers significant improvement of the network blocking performance.

  • 307. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Larsson, Madeleine
    Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Tema Environmental Change. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Biogas Research Center.
    Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewaters from Pulp and Paper Mills: A Substantial Source for Biomethane Production in Sweden2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish pulp and paper industry is the third largest exporter of pulp and paper products worldwide. It is a highly energy-demanding and water-utilising industry, which generates large volumes of wastewater rich in organic material. These organic materials are to different extents suitable for anaerobic digestion (AD) and production of energy-rich biomethane. The implementation of an AD process within the wastewater treatment plant of a mill would increase the treatment capacity and decrease the overall energy consumption due to less aeration and lower sludge production and in addition produce biomethane. Despite the many benefits of AD it is only applied at two mills in Sweden today. The reason for the low implementation over the years may be due to problems encountered linked to the complexity and varying composition of the wastewaters. Due to changes in market demands many mills have broadened their product portfolios and turned towards more refined products. This has increased both the complexity and the variations of the wastewaters´ composition even further, as the above changes can imply an increased pulp bleaching and utilisation of more diverse raw materials within the mills.

    The main aim of this thesis was therefore to generate knowledge needed for an expansion of the biomethane production within the pulp and paper industry. As a first step to achieve this an evaluation of the biomethane potential and the suitability for AD of wastewaters within a range of Swedish pulp and paper mills was performed. Thus, around 70 wastewater streams from 11 different processes at eight mills were screened for their biomethane potential. In a second step, the impact of shifts in wood raw material and bleaching on the AD process and the biomethane production was investigated and further evaluated in upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors.

    The screening showed that the biomethane potential within the Swedish pulp and paper industry could be estimated to 700 GWh, which corresponds to 40% of the Swedish biomethane production during 2014. However, depending on the conditions at each specific mill the strategy for the establishment of AD needs to differ. For mills producing kraft pulp the potential is mainly found in wastewaters rich in fibres, alkaline kraft bleaching wastewaters and methanol-rich condensates. The biomethane potential within thermo-mechanical pulp- (TMP) and chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) mills is mainly present in the total effluents after pre-sedimentation and in the bleaching effluents as these holds high concentrations of dissolved organic material. The screening further showed that the raw material used for pulp production is an important factor for the biomethane potential of a specific wastewater stream, i.e. hardwood (HW) wastewaters have higher potentials than those from softwood (SW) pulp production. This was confirmed in the lab-scale UASB reactor experiments, in which an alkaline kraft bleaching wastewater and a composite pulping and bleaching CTMP wastewater were used as substrates. AD processes were developed and maintained stable throughout shifts in wastewater composition related to changes in the wood raw materials between SW and HW for the kraft wastewater and spruce, aspen and birch for the CTMP wastewater. The lower biomethane production from SW- compared to HW wastewaters was due to a lower degradability together with a higher ratio of sulphuric compounds per TOC for the SW case. The impact of shifts between bleached and unbleached CTMP production could not be fully  evaluated in the continuous process mainly due to technical problems. However, due to the large increase in dissolved organic material when bleaching is applied, the potential biomethane production will increase during the production of bleached pulp compared to unbleached pulp. Based on the biomethane potentials obtained for one of the included CTMP mills, their yearly production of biomethane was estimated to 5-27 GWh with the lowest and the highest value corresponding to the production of unbleached spruce pulp vs. bleached birch pulp.

    Thus, the results of the investigations presented in this thesis show that the UASBreactor is suitable for AD of wastewaters within the pulp and paper industry. The results also show that challenges related to variations in the organic material composition of the wastewaters due to variations in wood raw materials could be managed. The outcome of the thesis work also imply that the production of more refined products, which may include the introduction of an increased number of raw materials and extended bleaching protocols, could increase the potential biomethane production, especially if the pulp production will make use of more HW.

    List of papers
    1. Methane potentials of the Swedish pulp and paper industry - A screening of wastewater effluents
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Methane potentials of the Swedish pulp and paper industry - A screening of wastewater effluents
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    2013 (English)In: Applied Energy, ISSN 0306-2619, E-ISSN 1872-9118, Vol. 112, p. 507-517Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    With the final aim of reducing the energy consumption and increase the methane production at Swedish pulp and paper mills, the methane potential of 62 wastewater effluents from 10 processes at seven pulp and/or paper mills (A-G) was determined in anaerobic batch digestion assays. This mapping is a first step towards an energy efficient and more sustainable utilization of the effluents by anaerobic digestion, and will be followed up by tests in lab-scale and pilot-scale reactors. Five of the mills produce kraft pulp (KP), one thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP), two chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) and two neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) pulp. Both elementary and total chlorine free (ECF and TCF, respectively) bleaching processes were included. The effluents included material from wood rooms, cooking and oxygen delignification, bleaching (often both acid- and alkali effluents), drying and paper/board machinery as well as total effluents before and after sedimentation. The results from the screening showed a large variation in methane yields (percent of theoretical methane potential assuming 940 NmL CH4 per g TOC) among the effluents. For the KP-mills, methane yields above 50% were obtained for the cooking effluents from mills D and F, paper machine wastewater from mill D, condensate streams from mills B, E and F and the composite pre-sedimentation effluent from mill D. The acidic ECF-effluents were shown to be the most toxic to the AD-flora and also seemed to have a negative effect on the yields of composite effluents downstream while three of the alkaline ECF-bleaching effluents gave positive methane yields. ECF bleaching streams gave higher methane yields when hardwood was processed. All TCF-bleaching effluents at the KP mills gave similar degradation patterns with final yields of 10-15% of the theoretical methane potential for four of the five effluents. The composite effluents from the two NSSC-processes gave methane yields of 60% of the theoretical potential. The TMP mill (A) gave the best average yield with all six effluents ranging 40-65% of the theoretical potential. The three samples from the CTMP process at mill B showed potentials around 40% while three of the six effluents at mill G (CTMP) yielded 45-50%.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2013
    Keywords
    Biogas; Anaerobic digestion; Kraft pulp; Chemical thermo-mechanical pulp; Neutral sulfite semi-chemical pulp; Bleaching
    National Category
    Social Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104129 (URN)10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.072 (DOI)000329377800053 ()
    Available from: 2014-02-07 Created: 2014-02-07 Last updated: 2021-12-28
    2. Anaerobic digestion of alkaline bleaching wastewater from a Kraft pulp and paper mill using UASB technique
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Anaerobic digestion of alkaline bleaching wastewater from a Kraft pulp and paper mill using UASB technique
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    2015 (English)In: Environmental technology, ISSN 0959-3330, E-ISSN 1479-487X, Vol. 36, no 12, p. 1489-1498Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Anaerobic digestion of alkaline kraft elemental chlorine-free bleaching wastewater in two mesophilic, lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactors resulted in significantly higher biogas production (250 ± 50 vs. 120 ± 30 NmL g [Formula: see text]) and reduction of filtered total organic carbon (fTOC) (60 ± 5 vs. 43 ± 6%) for wastewater from processing of hardwood (HW) compared with softwood (SW). In all cases, the gas production was likely underestimated due to poor gas separation in the reactors. Despite changes in wastewater characteristics, a stable anaerobic process was maintained with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) between 7 and 14 h. Lowering the HRT (from 13.5 to 8.5 h) did not significantly affect the process, and the stable performance at 8.5 h leaves room for further decreases in HRT. The results show that this type of wastewater is suitable for a full-scale implementation, but the difference in methane potential between SW and HW is important to consider both regarding process dimensioning and biogas yield optimization.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Taylor & Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles, 2015
    Keywords
    UASB; alkaline kraft ECF bleaching wastewater; anaerobic digestion; hardwood; softwood
    National Category
    Water Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-114883 (URN)10.1080/09593330.2014.994042 (DOI)000350448200002 ()25441833 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Swedish Energy Agency
    Available from: 2015-03-05 Created: 2015-03-05 Last updated: 2021-12-28
    3. Anaerobic digestion of wastewater from the production of bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp: higher methane production for hardwood than softwood
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Anaerobic digestion of wastewater from the production of bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp: higher methane production for hardwood than softwood
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    2017 (English)In: Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986), ISSN 0268-2575, E-ISSN 1097-4660, Vol. 2, no 1, p. 140-151Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) mills holds a large biomethane potential in their wastewater. Their broadened market has involved increased bleaching and utilisation of different raw materials. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to obtain and maintain a stable anaerobic digestion (AD) process, with a high methane yield and total organic carbon (TOC) reduction, when digesting CTMP wastewater, from different production protocols including shifts in raw material and bleaching. A lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor was used for the tests.

    RESULTS: The variations in raw material (aspen, birch and spruce) and consequently in TOC-loading (3.6-6.6 kg TOC m-3 and day-1) did not affect the UASB process negatively. Methane production values from 360 to 500 NmL g TOC-1 were obtained, with the highest yield for wastewater from the production of birch- followed by aspenand spruce pulp. The acetic acid and fTOC reduction ranged 90 to 95% and 61 to 73%, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: The stable process performance maintained during shifts in raw material for pulp production show that AD is feasible for CTMP mills with a diversified product portfolio. Furthermore, the increased use of hardwood and bleaching will most likely increase their potential as a biomethane producer.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    John Wiley & Sons, 2017
    Keywords
    biogas, wastewater treatment, UASB, CTMP, softwood, hardwood
    National Category
    Water Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122338 (URN)10.1002/jctb.4980 (DOI)000389443600017 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Energy Agency, 32802–1
    Note

    At the time for thesis presentation publication was in status: Manuscript

    At the time for thesis presentation manuscript was named: Anaerobic digestion of wastewater from the production of bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp: The effect of changes in raw material composition

    Funding agencies: Swedish Energy Agency [32802-1]; Scandinavian Biogas Fuels AB; Poyry Sweden AB; BillerudKorsnas AB; Purac AB; SCA

    Available from: 2015-10-29 Created: 2015-10-29 Last updated: 2022-10-03Bibliographically approved
    4. The biomethane potential of chemical thermo-mechanical pulp wastewaters in relation to their chemical composition
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The biomethane potential of chemical thermo-mechanical pulp wastewaters in relation to their chemical composition
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    2015 (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study evaluates the biomethane potential of composite pulping and bleaching chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) wastewaters in relation to their composition of organic compounds, as well as to their sulphur contents. The biomethane potential was determined in batch experiments and the CTMP wastewaters from production of bleached spruce-, birch- and aspen pulp and unbleached spruce pulp were analysed for dissolved lignin, carbohydrates, wood extractives, acetic acid and total sulphur content. The biomethane potential obtained for the wastewaters ranged from 350 to 670 NmL g TOC-1 with the highest yield for wastewater from the production of bleached birch CTMP followed by bleached aspen-, bleached spruce- and unbleached spruce CTMP. The main differences in wastewater composition were related to the raw material used for the pulp production, i.e. softwood vs. hardwood. The compounds mainly promoting the biomethane production were acetic acid, xylose, wood extractives, triglycerides and steryl esters, whereas dissolved lignin, sulphur, arabinose, mannose, lignans and free fatty-/resin acids lowered the potential. However, the individual contribution of each variable was not possible to evaluate due to covariations among them.

    Keywords
    CTMP; bleaching; softwood; hardwood; biomethane potential; dissolved lignin; carbohydrates; wood extractives
    National Category
    Water Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122339 (URN)
    Available from: 2015-10-29 Created: 2015-10-29 Last updated: 2021-12-28Bibliographically approved
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  • 308.
    Pettersson, Sara
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Division of Health, Activity and Care. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Melaniuk-Bose, Mariola
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Anaesthetists' perceptions of facilitative weaning strategies from mechanical ventilator in the intensive care unit (ICU: a qualitative interview study2012In: Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, ISSN 0964-3397, Vol. 28, no 3, p. 168-175Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM

    This study aimed to examine anaesthetists' perceptions of facilitative weaning from the mechanical ventilator in the intensive care unit (ICU).

    METHODS

    Explorative qualitative interviews in a phenomenographic reference frame with a purposive sample of 14 eligible anaesthetists from four different ICUs with at least one year of clinical experience of ICU and of ventilator weaning.

    FINDINGS

    Four categories of anaesthetists' perceptions of facilitative decision-making strategies for ventilator weaning were identified. These were the instrumental, the interacting, the process-oriented and the structural strategies" for ventilator weaning. The findings refer to a supportive multidisciplinary holistic ICU quality of care. Choice of strategy for ventilator weaning was flexible and individually tailored to the patients'.

    CONCLUSIONS

    Choice of strategy was flexible and individually adjustable. Introduction of evidence-based guidelines from ventilator weaning is necessary in the ICU. The guidelines should also cover the responsibilities of various professional groups. Regular evaluations of methods and strategies used in practice need to be implemented. This may facilitate decision-making strategies for ventilator weaning in practice at the ICU. Greater attention needs to focus on family members' experiences. The strategies should be an integral part of continuous staff training.

  • 309.
    Pilemalm, Robert
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Business Administration.
    Horkeby, Kristofer
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Business Administration.
    Gavelin, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Business Administration.
    Analys och visualisering av optioner och andra finansiella instrument: Utveckling och studie av portföljhanteringssystem2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: A common strategy for minimizing market risk, when trading with financial instruments, is to build portfolios. In order to manage portfolios with different kinds of financial instruments and different currencies and to manage many portfolios at one time, systems for portfolio management are used. Student can with use of such systems learn how financial markets work. The requirements of a system for students are not the same as the ones of a system for commercial use are not the same and therefore there is a need to develop a model fitted to this context.

    Aim: The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to build a model in PowerPlus Pro, which students can use in order to confirm their knowledge of and understanding for the function of financial instruments.

    Method: To build the model a quantitative method has been used and to study how systems for portfolio management should be built and adapted to the needs of students has qualitative method been used.

    Conclusions: Our model satisfies the demand and the technical specifications that were us given and it is adapted to teaching of students, because it is user-friendly and pedagogic built. The model is not adequate for use of market actors.

     

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  • 310.
    Sandberg, Peter
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Larsson, Mikael
    Division of Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Luleå University of Technology.
    Analysing the costs, energy use and environmental performance of an integrated steel plant by applying a multi-objective approachManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Industrial decision-making is often of a multi-objective character and has become even more so in recent years as environmental issues have become more important. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationships between different criteria by applying a multi-objective approach when optimising an integrated steel plant with a connected combined heat and power plant. Based on this analysis, the endeavour is to create a better foundation for strategic decision-making, with regard to both operation practice and investment strategy. The system is modelled with a tool that uses mixed integer linear programming, where both single and multi-objective optimisations have been performed. For the multi-objective approach, the ε-constraint method is used and the results are presented by creating pareto optimal fronts to make it easier to overview the solutions. The results show that the applied methodology is useful for facilitating the work of both determining which factors are the crucial ones for the different objectives and analysing how the objectives affect each other.

  • 311.
    Larsson, Mikael
    et al.
    Division of Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Sandberg, Peter
    Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Analysing the influence of variations when optimising the energy and material system for an integrated steel plant2003In: Proceedings, 4th International Conference on Fluid and Thermal Energy Conversion : FTEC 2003, 2003Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Analyses of industrial material and energy systems are often based on average estimates of process behaviour. In this paper an analysis of the main variations in the gas network at an integrated steel plant is presented. An analysis is presented of how these variations affect the objective value, when optimisations are made for the production system in a developed process integration model for the steel plant. A method combining fourier analysis for finding dynamic variations, and factorial design to investigate the critical variation dynamic, is proved to be powerful for analysing and quantifying the variations and their impact on the system. It is not possible to change operation practices to adapt to these frequent variations, instead a strategy is suggested to find a stable operating practice that takes into account the most influential variations.

  • 312.
    Pettersson, Karl
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Heybroek, Kim
    Volvo Construction Equipment AB.
    Klintemyr, Andreas
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Krus, Petter
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Fluid and Mechatronic Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Analysis and control of a complementary energy recuperation system2012In: 8th International Fluid Power Conference Dresden: "Fluid Power Drives!", Dresden, 2012, p. 529-540Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, hybrid technologies have been in focus in both industry and academia.This paper deals with a hydraulically connected energy storage system based on a twomachinehydraulic transformer. Connecting the energy storage system hydraulically enableseasy disconnection and possibly fewer power domain transformations than with theconventional mechanically connected parallel hybrid structure. The control feasibility anddifferent control aspects are investigated and a control strategy is proposed. The controlstrategy is based on linear control techniques and it is shown that even with simple modelsof the system, sufficient control performance can be achieved.

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  • 313. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Tatino, Cristian
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Analysis and Optimization for Robust Millimeter-Wave Communications2021Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Spectrum scarcity is a longstanding problem in mobile telecommunications networks. Specifically, accommodating the ever-growing data rate and communications demand in the extensively used spectrum between 800 MHz and 6 GHz is becoming more challenging. For this reason, in the last years, communications in the millimeterwave (mm-wave) frequency range (30-300 GHz) have attracted the interest of many researchers, who consider mm-wave communications a key enabler for upcoming generations of mobile communications, i.e., 5G and 6G. However, the signal propagation in the mm-wave frequency range is subject to more challenging conditions. High path loss and penetration loss may lead to short-range communications and frequent transmission interruptions when the signal path between the transmitter and the receiver is blocked. 

    In this dissertation, we analyze and optimize techniques that enhance the robustness and reliability of mm-wave communications. In the first part, we focus on approaches that allow user equipment (UE) to establish and maintain connections with multiple access points (APs) or relays, i.e., multi-connectivity (MC) and relaying techniques, to increase link failure robustness. In such scenarios, an inefficient link scheduling, i.e., over or under-provisioning of connections, can lead to either high interference and energy consumption or unsatisfied user’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. In the first paper, we propose a novel link scheduling algorithm for network throughput maximization with constrained resources and quantify the potential gain of MC. As a complementary approach, in the second paper, we solve the problem of minimizing allocated resources while satisfying users’ QoS requirements for mm-wave MC scenarios. To deal with the channel uncertainty and abrupt blockages, we propose a learning-based solution, of which the results highlight the tradeoff between reliability and allocated resource. 

    In the third paper, we perform throughput and delay analysis of a multi-user mm-wave wireless network assisted by a relay. We show the benefits of cooperative networking and the effects of directional communications on relay-aided mm-wave communications. These, as highlighted by the results, are characterized by a tradeoff between throughput and delay and are highly affected by the beam alignment duration and transmission strategy (directional or broadcast). 

    The second part of this dissertation focuses on problems related to mm-wave communications in industrial scenarios, where robots and new industrial applications require high data rates, and stringent reliability and latency requirements. In the fourth paper, we consider a multi-AP mm-wave wireless network covering an industrial plant where multiple moving robots need to be connected. We show how the joint optimization of robots’ paths and the robot-AP associations can increase mm-wave robustness by decreasing the number of handovers and avoiding coverage holes. Finally, the fifth paper considers scenarios where robot-AP communications are assisted by an intelligent reflective surface (IRS). We show that the joint optimization of beamforming and trajectory of the robot can minimize the motion energy consumption while satisfying time and communication QoS constraints. Moreover, the proposed solution exploits a radio map to prevent collisions with obstacles and to increase mm-wave communication robustness by avoiding poorly covered areas. 

    List of papers
    1. Maximum Throughput Scheduling for Multi-connectivity in Millimeter-Wave Networks
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Maximum Throughput Scheduling for Multi-connectivity in Millimeter-Wave Networks
    2018 (English)In: 16th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt): International Workshop on Resource Allocation, Cooperation and Competition in Wireless Networks (RAWNET), IEEE, 2018Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Multi-connectivity is emerging as promising solution to provide reliable communications and seamless connectivity at the millimeter-wave frequency range. Due to the obstacles that cause frequent interruptions at such high frequency range, connectivity to multiple cells can drastically increase the network performance in terms of throughput and reliability by coordi- nation among the network elements. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for the link scheduling optimization that maximizes the network throughput for multi-connectivity in millimeter-wave cellular networks. The considered approach exploits a centralized architecture, fast link switching, proactive context preparation and data forwarding between millimeter-wave access points and the users. The proposed algorithm is able to numerically approach the global optimum and to quantify the potential gain of multi-connectivity in millimeter-wave cellular networks. 

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2018
    National Category
    Communication Systems Telecommunications
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146211 (URN)10.23919/WIOPT.2018.8362891 (DOI)000434872700066 ()9783903176003 (ISBN)9781538646212 (ISBN)
    Conference
    16th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt), Shanghai, China, May 7-11, 2018
    Funder
    ELLIIT - The Linköping‐Lund Initiative on IT and Mobile CommunicationsEU, Horizon 2020, 643002
    Note

    Funding agencies: European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [643002]; CENIIT

    Available from: 2018-04-02 Created: 2018-04-02 Last updated: 2021-01-13
    2. Learning-Based Link Scheduling in Millimeter-wave Multi-connectivity Scenarios
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Learning-Based Link Scheduling in Millimeter-wave Multi-connectivity Scenarios
    Show others...
    2020 (English)In: ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), IEEE, 2020, p. 1-6Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Multi-connectivity is emerging as a promising solution to provide reliable communications and seamless connectivity for the millimeter-wave frequency range. Due to the blockage sensitivity at such high frequencies, connectivity with multiple cells can drastically increase the network performance in terms of throughput and reliability. However, an inefficient link scheduling, i.e., over and under-provisioning of connections, can lead either to high interference and energy consumption or to unsatisfied user's quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this work, we present a learning-based solution that is able to learn and then to predict the optimal link scheduling to satisfy users' QoS requirements while avoiding communication interruptions. Moreover, we compare the proposed approach with two base line methods and the genie-aided link scheduling that assumes perfect channel knowledge. We show that the learning-based solution approaches the optimum and outperforms the base line methods.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2020
    Keywords
    learning (artificial intelligence), optimisation, quality of service, radio links, scheduling, telecommunication computing, telecommunication network reliability, network reliability, quality of service requirements, learning-based solution, optimal link scheduling, communication interruptions, genie-aided link scheduling, millimeter-wave multiconnectivity scenarios, millimeter-wave frequency range, blockage sensitivity, multiple cells, network performance, users qualty of service, QoS, Signal to noise ratio, Wireless networks, Millimeter wave technology, Optimization, Downlink
    National Category
    Communication Systems
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172548 (URN)10.1109/ICC40277.2020.9148883 (DOI)000606970301122 ()
    Conference
    ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)
    Note

    Funding agency: European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 643002.

    Available from: 2021-01-13 Created: 2021-01-13 Last updated: 2021-03-09Bibliographically approved
    3. On the Benefits of Network-Level Cooperation in Millimeter-Wave Communications
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>On the Benefits of Network-Level Cooperation in Millimeter-Wave Communications
    Show others...
    2019 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, ISSN 1536-1276, E-ISSN 1558-2248, Vol. 18, no 9, p. 4408-4424Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Relaying techniques for millimeter-wave wireless networks represent a powerful solution for improving the transmission performance. In this paper, we quantify the benefits in terms of delay and throughput for a random-access multi-user millimeter-wave wireless network, assisted by a full-duplex network cooperative relay. The relay is equipped with a queue for which we analyze the performance characteristics (e.g., arrival rate, service rate, average size, and stability condition). Moreover, we study two possible transmission schemes: fully directional and broadcast. In the former, the source nodes transmit a packet either to the relay or to the destination by using narrow beams, whereas, in the latter, the nodes transmit both the destination and the relay in the same timeslot by using a wider beam but with lower beamforming gain. In our analysis, we also consider the beam alignment phase that occurs every time, a transmitter node changes the destination node. We show the duration of how the beam is aligned, as well as position and a number of transmitting nodes, significantly affect the network performance. In addition, we discuss the impact of beam alignment errors and imperfect self-interference cancellation technique at the relay for full-duplex communications. Moreover, we illustrate the optimal transmission scheme (i.e., broadcast or fully directional) for several system parameters and show that a fully directional transmission is not always beneficial, but in some scenarios, broadcasting and relaying can improve the performance in terms of throughput and delay.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2019
    Keywords
    Millimeter-waves; network cooperative relaying; beam alignment; random access networks; directional communications
    National Category
    Telecommunications
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-161190 (URN)10.1109/TWC.2019.2924432 (DOI)000485766100016 ()
    Note

    Funding Agencies|European Unions Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [643002]

    Available from: 2019-10-25 Created: 2019-10-25 Last updated: 2021-01-13
    4. Multi-Robot Association-Path Planning in Millimeter-Wave Industrial Scenarios
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multi-Robot Association-Path Planning in Millimeter-Wave Industrial Scenarios
    2020 (English)In: IEEE Networking Letters, ISSN 2576-3156, Vol. 2, no 4, p. 190-194Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The massive exploitation of robots for Industry 4.0 needs advanced wireless solutions that replace more costly wired networks. In this regard, millimeter-waves (mm-waves) can provide high data rates, but they are characterized by a spotty coverage requiring dense radio deployments. In such scenarios, coverage holes and numerous handovers may decrease the communication throughput and reliability. In contrast to conventional multi-robot path planning (MPP), we define a type of multi-robot association-path planning (MAPP) problems aiming to jointly optimize the robots’ paths and the robots-access points (APs) associations. In MAPP, we focus on minimizing the path lengths as well as the number of handovers while sustaining the wireless connectivity of the robots. We propose an algorithm that can solve MAPP in polynomial time presenting results close to the global optimum. The proposed solution is able to guarantee the robots’ connectivity and to dramatically reduce the number of handovers in comparison to minimizing only the path lengths.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    IEEE, 2020
    Keywords
    Wireless communication, Service robots, Handover, Throughput, Path planning, Planning, Millimeter wave communication, Cable replacement, handovers, industry 4.0, millimeter-waves, multi-robot path planning
    National Category
    Robotics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172549 (URN)10.1109/LNET.2020.3037741 (DOI)
    Note

    Funding Agency: CENIIT; 10.13039/501100001729-ELLIIT; European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the Marie Sklodowska-Curie;

    Available from: 2021-01-13 Created: 2021-01-13 Last updated: 2021-01-13Bibliographically approved
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  • 314.
    Nguyen, Trang
    Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
    Analysis of ISO 11731:2017 method to assess Legionella pneumophila in water with high background: And how it differentiates from its earlier variant ISO 11731:19982022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10,5 credits / 16 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Legionella pneumophila is a human pathogen commonly found in natural and artificial aquatic environments and can cause a condition called legionellosis. Monitoring for legionellae is therefore important for protecting public health and identifying its environmental sources is a way to prevent illness. This has resulted in development of several control strategies to identify these sources. One of these strategies is to construct a valid method to detect Legionella pneumophila and monitoring these methods is a way to ensure the method remain effective at tracing infection. 

    The current version of standardized method is called ISO 11731:2017 and supersedes its former version called ISO 11731:1998. The former version uses a combination of heat and acid solution treatment to reduce interfering microorganisms in water with high background, whereas the current version separates the treatment by subdividing the sample in three parts. One part is subjected to heat treatment, one with acid solution treatment and one remains untreated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse how this difference in method strategy will affect detection of Legionella pneumophila between the current and its former version of ISO 11731. To do this, this study divided the experiment into two parts: experiment A was aimed at evaluating the validity of the method and experiment B was designed to study repeatability in terms of dispersion and performance data range. For experiment A: 14 samples were tested using both ISO 11731:2017 and 11731:1998 to see how the results differentiated. Six are natural samples and was appointed based on their previous results that showed positive for Legionella. Four samples were spiked with different serotypes of Legionella and the remaining four were spiked with both Legionella and Legionella-inhibited bacteria. For experiment B, three certified reference material with different concentration of Legionella pneumophila serotype 1 was tested in repeatability conditions with each sample producing ten replicates. 

    In conclusion, based on results assessed in this study ISO 11731:1998 was more suitable to analyse water with higher concentration of interfering microorganisms. By a combination of heat and acid solution treatment: it maximizes the reduction of interfering microorganisms which facilitates Legionella to cultivate on agar. ISO 11731:2017 was more efficient in recovering different serotypes of Legionella. Although, there were a significant increase in dispersion and performance data range results in ISO 11731:2017. This indicates that since there is an additional dilution step added in acid solution treatment: it increases the risk of human error and therefore a greater vulnerability to the method. 

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  • 315.
    Wågsäter, Dick
    et al.
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Dimberg, Jan
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Sweden.
    Hugander, Anders
    Länssjukhuset Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Sirsjö, Allan
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Ghaderi, Mehran
    University of Örebro, Sweden .
    Analysis of MICA gene transcripts in human rectal cancers2003In: Anticancer Research, ISSN 0250-7005, E-ISSN 1791-7530, Vol. 23, no 3B, p. 2525-2529Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The human MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) encodes a protein which is an activator ligand for the NKG2D receptor on NK cells, CD8+ alphabeta T cells and gammadelta T cells. MICA expression is up-regulated upon cellular stress and its expression is correlated to infiltration of human NKG2D-bearing T cells into the tumors. It is assumed that the interaction of MICA-NKG2D ligand-receptor could play a significant role in induction of innate and adaptive responses against epithelial tumors, specifically those from the gastrointestinal tract. In this study MICA messenger RNA levels in human rectal carcinoma (Dukes stage B-D) and its normal adjacent tissue was analyzed in samples donated by 18 patients undergoing rectal tumor resection. Quantitative RTPCR analysis from rectal tumors revealed that the overall expression of MICA at mRNA level differs extensively among individual tumors. In addition, invasive rectal tumors tend to up-regulate MICA whereas MICA mRNA levels were lower in early tumors. Differential transcription levels of MICA gene expression in rectal carcinomas at different stages is probably a strategy by tumors to escape confrontation with intraepithelial tumor-infiltrating T cells.

  • 316.
    Moidu, Khalid
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Analysis of prerequisites to introduce computer-based information systems in health care: a developing country study1989Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    To attain a state of global health requires integrated efforts of many professionals. The lingua franca for the many professionals involved in health care is data and information. For example, information on the extent of an infectious disease found in a community is required by the health care management, to mobilize appropriate resources. Information on the pattern and spread of a disease is vital for the care providers, to understand how to best control and care for the affected. That action is based on information is well recognized; in response, information systems to support health care delivery are being developed, including computer-based systems. Systems that meet the composite needs of the organization must support the peripheral care providers with appropriate information, and then extract from the database of the primary care provider the appropriate primary data for the health care administration. This data will then be more accurate, since the data providers are also the prime users of data and information.

    Before designing an information system that supports the health care providers and management, detailed analyses of the developmental state, the human element, the technological potential, and the social implications of such system, are required. This comprehensive analysis serves as a prerequisite to the study and design of the organization's information system. Especially in developing countries, the successful introduction of computers demands a well defined strategy adapted to the local conditions. The design must be preceded by a Stage of Assessment (STAGE I) and a Stage of System Analysis (STAGE II).

    In Stage I, the Part I of the study required an assessment: of acceptance, of existing skills, the capability to learn, and the capacity to absorb the technology, of the people in the environment. The appraisal (survey) of the human element of the system, an end-user group (physicians), was accomplished through self-enumerating questionnaires. The results highlighted respondents' interest and expectations from computer based information systems. Fears such as for redundancy (i.e., a superfluousness in their jobs) were expressed [1].

    In Stage I, Part II of the study, the problems concerning the technological potential of computers and the justification to use computers over manual information systems, especially in a dispersed primary health care organization, were addressed. Whether the system design should be either administration-oriented (top down) or health professional-oriented (bottom up), as well as the development of criteria other than those based on cost-benefit for systems evaluation, were the other points of issue. By the application of syntheses methodologies, such-as the Delphi technique, Glaser's state of the art, and including a literature review, the computer's potential to support health care delivery was evaluated. The computer's role was classified and its decision support at each level to the health care professionals described. The conclusions derived were that a computer could today support the decision process by ensuring method and supplying knowledge. However, the application of computers as tools for reasoning is in rather limited areas and is still a field calling for further research [II]. The properties that give information value were identified and a justification for a computer-based information system delineated. To support primary health care delivery, an integrated system design is required. An alternate methodology to evaluate such systems is described [III].

    In Stage II, the study is conducted within specific co-operating primary health care organizations, and the conclusions from Stage I studies provided the guide-lines for this stage. A descriptive study of district health sites in developing countries was undertaken. As a part of the systems analysis study, questionnaires were mailed to the three principle sets of data providers/users, (i.e., the district health administrator, hospital consultant, and the primary health care physicians). Preliminary assessments extracted from some sites on attitudes towards and acceptance of computers in health care are presented in this thesis.

    The conclusion derived is that a prelude study to develop guide-lines for computerization is essential before conducting an in-depth methodological systems analysis. Each health care site must therefore be assessed before an appropriate computer-based information system is developed for implementation in that environment.

  • 317.
    Säfsten, Kristina
    et al.
    Linköping University, The Institute of Technology. Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Winroth, M.
    Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, Jönköping University, SE-55111 Jönköping, Sweden.
    Analysis of the congruence between manufacturing strategy and production system in SMME2002In: Computers in industry (Print), ISSN 0166-3615, E-ISSN 1872-6194, Vol. 49, no 1, p. 91-106Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A production system must reflect a company's manufacturing strategy and the chosen competitive priorities. Tools to assess the congruence between the manufacturing strategy and the production system can hence support the companies' competitive position. In this paper, the usability of an analysis model suggested by Miltenburg [How to Formulate and Implement a Winning Plan, Productivity Press, Portland, OR, 1995], aiming at mapping manufacturing strategy and production system, is investigated. The usefulness of the analysis model is investigated in terms of how easy it is to use and in terms of the obtained results. The investigation is performed by means of empirical studies in two medium sized manufacturing companies. The result is that the model seems to be useful in the sense that, if knowledge about the underlying principles in the analysis model is at hand, it is possible to investigate the congruence between a manufacturing strategy and a production system. It is, however, believed that the analysis model needs some further development to be considered an easy to use tool, e.g. for a SMME production manager. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 318.
    Thoresson, Sven
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Westlund, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Analysis of Turnaround Times for Increased Capacity at the Port of Bahía Blanca2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The Port of Bahía Blanca has for many years been an important center of transportation of agricultural products in Argentina. The increasing traffic to the port has resulted in an escalating need for higher efficiency, since the current facilities have problems with fatal accidents, long turnaround times and overall congestion.

    This project is focused on inbound truck traffic for four of the terminals in the port handling grain and cereals. All the trucks are compulsorily required to go through a facility called the Triangle where trucks are checked in and queued until they are allowed to proceed to the unloading facilities at the terminal. The Triangle is the case study for this project and the objective has been to analyze the turnaround time and how it could be reduced. The second part of this project examines the Triangle as an actor of its supply chain and how it is possible to develop the Triangle with respect to its supply chain.

    A simulation model of the Triangle was constructed and several scenarios were analyzed. It was then possible to determine the principal reason for congestion and long turnaround times; the reason being poor synchronization between the arrival of the trucks and the capacity at the terminals. The arrival pattern was changed in the model and this made it possible to reduce the turnaround time significantly. By creating six appointment intervals per day it was possible to reduce turnaround times by around 50 per cent for three of four terminals. Other affecting factors such as check-in, quality control and batch sizes were also analyzed; however, these factors showed much less influence on the total turnaround time.

    The structure of the supply chain was investigated, as well as the power bases of the different actors. The current structure is somewhat complex and does not encourage the changes necessary to constitute an efficient supply chain.

    This project has resulted in recommendations at both operative and strategic levels. The operative recommendations are to use the current appointment system but in a stricter manner. Each day should be divided into at least six time -slots in which trucks are expected to arrive. A differential price strategy for arriving trucks should be used in order to encourage punctuality. Penalty fees should be implemented when the terminals do not follow the stated schedule.

    In order to implement the changes and ensure the quality of the services it is necessary to instate a channel captain for this supply chain. The Consortium, the manager of the port, should take a more active role to become the channel captain to support overall optimization of the supply chain, rather than of local segments.

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  • 319.
    Forsgren, Gunnar
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Winquist, Fredrik
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Applied Physics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Öström, Åsa
    Department of Restaurant and Culinary Arts, Örebro University, Sörälgsvägen 2, Grythyttan, Sweden.
    Analysis of volatile compounds of aqueous thyme solutions by headspace gas chromatography, gas sensor arrays ("electronic nose") and a sensory odour panel2010Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability of a commercial emission analysis system to evaluate a sensory related attribute was investigated. Since food applications are very complex, a simplified model system consisting of aqueous thyme solutions was evaluated. Sensory odour assessments were made as well as instrumental analysis applying the emission analyser, based on gas sensor arrays, (a so called electronic nose) and headspace gas chromatography. The operation of the emission analyser was found critical and could be optimised thanks to the detailed chemical information obtained by the chromatography. This information also guided a proper evaluation of the emission analyser raw data and predictions of the relative thyme concentrations of the solutions. In that way the emission analyser separated the thyme solutions even better than the assessors applying sensory odour analysis. Since the results seem encouraging the strategy developed and knowledge gained may well be used for investigating more complex systems closer to real applications.

  • 320.
    Takala, Josu
    et al.
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland.
    Liu, Yang
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland.
    Feng, Bin
    Department of Information Technology, Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa, Finland.
    Yang, Wenshan
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland.
    Analytical Evaluation of Sustainable Competitive Advantage2013In: Elsevier IFAC Publications / IFAC Proceedings series, ISSN 1474-6670, Vol. 46, no 9, p. 1240-1243Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper introduces a novel idea to model and evaluate the level of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in a company’s operations, basing on the development directions of the manufacturing strategy and the effectiveness/sufficiency of its supporting resource allocation. The SCA evaluation model explores whether the real resource allocation supports the desired operations strategy and provide a guidance to help decision makers to find out the sustainability of the company’s current operational competitiveness. The model has been undergoing weak market tests in a multinational case company and the analysis results are promising according to the feedback opinions.

  • 321.
    Shafikhani, Iman
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Åslund, Jan
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Vehicular Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Analytical Solution to Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles2021In: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, ISSN 0018-9545, E-ISSN 1939-9359, Vol. 70, no 3, p. 2124-2137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Analytical optimal solution to the energy managementof hybrid electric vehicles is of interest from theoretical and practical perspectives. Particularly, effort has been made to derive analytical solution to the energy management problem for series hybrid electric vehicles using Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP). However, admissibility of the system input was not fully explored in determining the optimal input candidates. In this paper, the analytical solution for the same problem is found by partitioning the positive power demand set into four subsets, where the solution is derived for each case separately according to the corresponding admissible input set. The analytical solution is verified through comparison with numerical solution for a series hybrid electric wheel loader, and two different drive cycles are considered for this purpose. From the proposed solution, effective equivalence factor bounds are found and used to construct an adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy. The proposed strategy and the analytical solution are implemented together for the same vehicle to demonstrate their effectiveness in dealing with real-world applications. Simulations are performed for 12 drive cycles, and the results are compared to the one sachieved by PMP-based optimal control where the optimization is done numerically. Simulation results suggest that the proposed methodology is relatively fast and has satisfactory performance in presence of drive cycle uncertainty. It is observed that the proposed method fulfills charge sustenance, and the achieved fuel consumption figures are very close to the optimal benchmarks found by the non-causal method.

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  • 322.
    Sandén, Louise
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Quality Technology and Management.
    Chowdhury, Tanima
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Quality Technology and Management. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Analytics for Management: En modell som beskriver framtagandet av ett beslutsunderlag där rätt mätetal visualiseras på rätt sätt utifrån en formulerad strategi2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In existing theory, strategic management and process measurements are commonly treated separately even though the importance of connecting them is also mentioned. However, a comprehensive model or theory that combines strategic management and process measurement fully and describes how the implementation should be done in practice has not been found in literature. Thereby, the aim of the thesis Analytics for Management (AFM) is to develop a model that describes how to develop the right Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) based on corporate strategy and visualize them correctly in order to describe process performance. This results in a decision-making tool that combines strategic management and process measurement to be used by management.

    The model was initially developed through theoretical studies that resulted in a conceptual model. Thereafter, the conceptual model was tested through case studies at three companies with different organizational structure and size. By combining the theories and the results from the field studies the AFM model was finalized.

    The AFM model consists of three phases, where the first phase involves strategy decomposition and goal formulation. This is done by a stepwise decomposition of the strategy through strategic objectives and a strategy map, formulation of critical success factors finally resulting in tactical objectives. In the second phase, KPIs are developed by generating preliminary KPIs based on the tactical goals and then mapping them. KPI mapping is used to distinguish between different types of KPIs resulting in identification of Key Performance Outcomes (KPO) that describe the process performance and Key Performance Drivers (KPD) affecting the outcome that the KPOs represent. The KPDs drive the results of the organization, and should therefore be used for monitoring and controlling the business. When the KPI mapping has been completed the KPIs that will be used for measurement are chosen.

    In the final phase, measurement preparations are done through a data collection plan. Thereafter measurements are performed and compiled in order to visualize KPIs correctly. As the KPOs and KPDs should be used for different purposes they should also be visualized differently. KPOs should be visualized through simple charts in a scorecard that the management should use as a first step for monitoring. Then, in order to find the cause of the KPOs and be able to improve them, a controlcard should be used. The KPDs are compiled in the controlcard through control charts, which show variation in processes, and enables early detection of changes and process control. The AFM model thereby, through the use of a scorecard and a controlcard, results in a decision-making tool where the right KPIs are visualized correctly.

    The results from the field studies and the different characteristics of the companies have proven a high level of generalizability of the model. Furthermore, the AFM model addresses highly important and pressing issues involving strategic management and process measurement, which all types of companies need to consider in daily operations. The AFM model aims to make it easier for organizations to act energetically and proactive through the decision-making tool. In conclusion, the AFM model enables a uniform use of metrics aligned with the strategy, in order to monitor and control process performance.

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  • 323.
    Abdul Malek, Nurul Aida
    et al.
    Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Malaysia / Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Finland.
    Shahzad, Khuram
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Finland.
    Takala, Josu
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Finland.
    Bojnec, Stefan
    Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, Slovenia.
    Papler, Drago
    Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, Slovenia.
    Liu, Yang
    Department of Production, University of Vaasa, Finland.
    Analyzing Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Strategically Managing Resource Allocations to Achieve Operational Competitiveness2015In: Management and Production Engineering Review, ISSN 2080-8208, E-ISSN 2082-1344, Vol. 6, no 4, p. 70-86Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In today’s dynamic business environment, a key challenge for all companies is to make adaptive adjustments to their manufacturing strategy. This study demonstrates the competitive priorities of manufacturing strategy in hydro-power case company to evaluate the level of sustainable competitive advantage and also to further analyze how business strategies are aligned with manufacturing strategies. This research is based on new holistic analytical evaluation of manufacturing strategy index, sense and respond, and sustainable competitive advantage models. These models help to describe, evaluate, and optimize resource allocation to meet the performance requirements in dynamic decision making. Furthermore, these models evaluate operational competitiveness for manufacturing strategies according to the multi-criteria priority. The results show that the adjustments of competitive priorities in manufacturing strategies by implementing the proposed holistic analytical models are helpful in strategically managing business operations. The discussion derives the most critical attributes in business operations while alignment of resource allocation with competitive priorities help to strategically focus those attributes. In conclusion, we argue that resource allocation and manufacturing strategies have become the most important capabilities in a business environment where companies focus to get a sustainable competitive advantage.

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  • 324.
    Fazle Rabbi, Ahmed
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Hossain, Rubayet
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Analyzing the gap between Swedish governmental export support programs and cleantech firm’s expectations2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Given the present situation of environmental problems, clean technologies or cleantech is considered a way of reaching global sustainability and at the same time also seen as an engine of economic growth and fulfilling commitments to social and environmental welfare. Under this background, Swedish cleantech sector have not achieved that much commercial success yet that they are supposed to be while maintaining a reputation of top technological innovative country. The Swedish cleantech sector is dominated by small medium-sized firms (SMEs) and often limited to resources at their disposition. Thus, the Swedish government has designed various policies and export support programs to promote this sector but somehow firms could not reach up to them. Hence, it has become necessary to study the Swedish cleantech firms in order to analyze the existing gap. The purpose of this study is to run an investigation about individual cleantech firms and analyze how they are experiencing Swedish governmental export support programs. On the other hand, this study has also tried to find out what firms really expect from these programs so that it will help to reduce the gap.

    Based on the study of four cases and one independent interview, the study has shown two different scenarios. In one hand, micro level SMEs specially which are in initial phase of their internationalization process cannot reach up to governmental export support programs due to high acquiring cost and inflexible pre-requirements. On the other hand, small level SMEs which are in mature phase of their internationalization process have faced completely reverse experience than initial phase micro firms but not satisfied with the provided service quality. The study has also revealed that firms with relatively new technology face problems to get support from governmental agencies due to uncertain market performance. The study has further showed, this is not always the high acquiring cost and inflexible conditions, participation in governmental export support programs is also depend on firm’s owns mindset and their business strategy. So, in order to reduce the gap between Swedish governmental export support programs and cleantech firms’ expectations, the studied firms have suggested to implement a proper business model that fits into each type of firms’ needs based on their position in the internationalization process, create a separate institution or agency and Science Park that only deals with cleantech firms issues, and co-operation among the different state cleantech firms and the universities.

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  • 325.
    Blomqvist, Stefan
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Amiri, Shahnaz
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Division of Building, Energy and Environment Technology, Department of Technology and Environment, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Rohdin, Patrik
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Ödlund, Louise
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Energy Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Analyzing the Performance and Control of a Hydronic Pavement System in a District Heating Network2019In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, Vol. 12, no 11, article id 2078Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A hydronic pavement system (HPS) is an alternative method to clear snow and ice, which avoids the use of salt, sand, and fossil fuel in conventional snow clearance, and minimizes the risk of accidents. The aim is to analyze the performance of different control strategies for a 35,000 m2 HPS utilizing heat from a district heating and cooling (DHC) system. The key performance indicators are (1) energy performance of the HPS, and (2) primary energy use, (3) electricity production and (4) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the DHC system. The methodology uses a simulation model of the HPS and an optimization model of the DHC system. Three operational strategies are analyzed: A reference scenario based on the current control strategy, and scenarios where the HPS is shut down at temperatures below −10 °C and −5 °C. The study shows that the DHC return temperature is suitable for use. By operational strategies, use during peak demand in the DHC system can be avoided, resulting in reduced use of fossil fuel. Moreover, the energy use of the HPS could be reduced by 10% and the local GHG emissions by 25%. The study emphasizes that the HPS may have positive effects on global GHG emissions, as it enables electricity production from renewable resources.

  • 326.
    Lindsten, Fredrik
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Jordan, Michael I.
    University of California, Berkeley.
    Schön, Thomas
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Ancestor Sampling for Particle Gibbs2012In: Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a novel method in the family of particle MCMC methods that we refer to as particle Gibbs with ancestor sampling (PG-AS). Similarly to the existing PG with backward simulation (PG-BS) procedure, we use backward sampling to (considerably) improve the mixing of the PG kernel. Instead of using separate forward and backward sweeps as in PG-BS, however, we achieve the same effect in a single forward sweep. We apply the PG-AS framework to the challenging class of non-Markovian state-space models. We develop a truncation strategy of these models that is applicable in principle to any backward-simulation-based method, but which is particularly well suited to the PG-AS framework. In particular, as we show in a simulation study, PG-AS can yield an order-of-magnitude improved accuracy relative to PG-BS due to its robustness to the truncation error. Several application examples are discussed, including Rao-Blackwellized particle smoothing and inference in degenerate state-space models.

  • 327.
    Yu, Cheng-Han
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Engineering Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Moverare, Johan
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Engineering Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Thin-walled Hastelloy X by Selctive Laser Melting2019Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction/Purpose

    The study of thin-walled structure improves the design freedom of additive manufacturing. Understanding the relation between anisotropic mechanical properties and microstructure gives better control on manufacturing process and challenges the limit of the practical application. As one of the key Ni-based superalloy in aerospace industries, thin-walled Hastelloy X will be beneficial to the light weight application and build a more sustainable environment.

    Methods

    Thin-walled structures with different thickness form 1mm to 4mm was built by Selective Laser Melting process from EOS M290 machine, and the used powder was EOS NickelAlloy HX. The microstructure and crystallographic orientation have been studied by SEM and EBSD. Tensile tests with directions parallel and perpendicular to building direction (BD) have been carried out at elevated temperature from 400˚C to 700˚C.

    Results

    The elongated grains have been observed partly parallel and partly 45˚ tilted to the BD from back scattered SEM images, and the contouring region shows smaller grain size . Along the BD, the major preferred orientation is <101> and the minor is <001>. The tensile test result indicates higher strength but lower elongation in the direction perpendicular to BD, and also a big elongation drop between 600˚C and 700˚C. EBSD result from highly deformed area shows different texture evolution mechanism between two different tensile directions.

    Conclusions

    The local thermal gradient created by the scanning strategy guides the grain growing direction, which is <001>, and <101> turns to be the preferred orientation along BD. The elongated grains are the main reason for the anisotropic mechanical properties. When the tensile direction is parallel to BD, the orientation evolution fits the theory and indicates lattice rotation.

  • 328.
    Andersson, Lotta
    Linköping University, The Tema Institute.
    Annual variability of nitrogen concentrations and export from forested catchments: A consequence of climatic variability, sampling strategies or human interference?2000In: Boreal environment research, ISSN 1239-6095, E-ISSN 1797-2469, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 221-233Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study was based on the data from 18 years of monitoring in six forested catchments. The aim was to find links between annual estimates of export and concentrations of NO3-N and organic N and hydroclimatological factors, sampling strategy and human interference. A topography-based wetness index was used to assess whether the effects of forestry activities depended on prevailing wetness conditions. For organic N, annual runoff was the main explaining factor in three catchments. The flow condition during sampling was for organic N the main explaining factor in three and for NO3-N in one catchment. Effects of clear-cutting of 14% in one catchment were observed. For organic N, the model could be improved by considering clear-cutting in wet areas only. The southernmost catchment, but also the northernmost catchment with the lowest deposition, showed links to atmospheric deposition, demonstrating that deposition can cause a significant direct response in streamwater concentrations in nutrient-poor catchments.

  • 329.
    Zhang, Bin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Stehr, Jan Eric
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Chen, Ping‐Ping
    State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083 China.
    Wang, Xingjun
    State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083 China.
    Ishikawa, Fumitaro
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577 Japan.
    Chen, Weimin
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Buyanova, Irina A
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Anomalously Strong Second‐Harmonic Generation in GaAs Nanowires via Crystal‐Structure Engineering2021In: Advanced Functional Materials, ISSN 1616-301X, E-ISSN 1616-3028, Vol. 31, no 36, article id 2104671Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    GaAs-based semiconductors are highly attractive for diverse nonlinear photonic applications, owing to their non-centrosymmetric crystal structure and huge nonlinear optical coefficients. Nanostructured semiconductors, for example, nanowires (NWs), offer rich possibilities to tailor nonlinear optical properties and further enhance photonic device performance. In this study, it is demonstrated highly efficient second-harmonic generation in subwavelength wurtzite (WZ) GaAs NWs, reaching 2.5 × 10−5 W−1, which is about seven times higher than their zincblende counterpart. This enhancement is shown to be predominantly caused by an axial built-in electric field induced by spontaneous polarization in the WZ lattice via electric field-induced second-order nonlinear susceptibility and can be controlled optically and potentially electrically. The findings, therefore, provide an effective strategy for enhancing and manipulating the nonlinear optical response in subwavelength NWs by utilizing lattice engineering.

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  • 330.
    Karabag, Solmaz Filiz
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Project Innovations and Entrepreneurship. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Berggren, Christian
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Project Innovations and Entrepreneurship. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Antecedents of firm performance in emerging economies: Business groups, strategy, industry structure, and state support2014In: Journal of Business Research, ISSN 0148-2963, E-ISSN 1873-7978, Vol. 67, no 10, p. 2212-2223Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A rich literature has investigated the antecedents of firm performance in developed economies, resulting in a consensus view that firm resources and strategy are the key determinants. Several arguments, however, suggest that in emerging economies other factors are more important for firm performance. This study analyzes the impact of firm strategy and industry structure as well as business group membership and state support on firm performance in an advanced emerging economy, Turkey. Using a data set compiled from a selection of the 1000 largest manufacturing firms in this country, the study employs several regression models to identify the main determinants of firm performance as measured by productivity and net profit margin. In contrast to studies of developed economies, the investigation finds that firm-related factors (competitive strategies) do not significantly influence performance; instead factors related to industry structure and business group membership are the strongest determinants of firm performance; further, state support interacts with business group membership and is positively related to productivity.

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  • 331.
    Ochoa-Alvarez, Jhon A.
    et al.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Krishnan, Harini
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Pastorino, John G.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Nevel, Evan
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Kephart, David
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Lee, Joseph J.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Retzbach, Edward P.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Shen, Yongquan
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Fatahzadeh, Mahnaz
    Rutgers School Dent Med, NJ USA.
    Baredes, Soly
    Rutgers New Jersey Medical Sch, NJ USA.
    Kalyoussef, Evelyne
    Rutgers New Jersey Medical Sch, NJ USA.
    Honma, Masaru
    Asahikawa Medical University, Japan.
    Adelson, Martin E.
    Medical Diagnost Labs, NJ USA.
    Kaneko, Mika K.
    Tohoku University, Japan.
    Kato, Yukinari
    Tohoku University, Japan.
    Ann Young, Mary
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Deluca-Rapone, Lisa
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Shienbaum, Alan J.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Yin, Kingsley
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Jensen, Lasse
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
    Goldberg, Gary S.
    Rowan University, NJ 08084 USA; Rowan University, NJ USA; Rowan University, NJ USA.
    Antibody and lectin target podoplanin to inhibit oral squamous carcinoma cell migration and viability by distinct mechanisms2015In: Oncotarget, E-ISSN 1949-2553, Vol. 6, no 11, p. 9045-9060Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Podoplanin (PDPN) is a unique transmembrane receptor that promotes tumor cell motility. Indeed, PDPN may serve as a chemotherapeutic target for primary and metastatic cancer cells, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells that cause most oral cancers. Here, we studied how a monoclonal antibody (NZ-1) and lectin (MASL) that target PDPN affect human OSCC cell motility and viability. Both reagents inhibited the migration of PDPN expressing OSCC cells at nanomolar concentrations before inhibiting cell viability at micromolar concentrations. In addition, both reagents induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition to kill OSCC cells that express PDPN by caspase independent nonapoptotic necrosis. Furthermore, MASL displayed a surprisingly robust ability to target PDPN on OSCC cells within minutes of exposure, and significantly inhibited human OSCC dissemination in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, we report that human OSCC cells formed tumors that expressed PDPN in mice, and induced PDPN expression in infiltrating host murine cancer associated fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that antibodies and lectins may be utilized to combat OSCC and other cancers that express PDPN.

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  • 332.
    Kupunia, Teona
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering.
    Anti-Trafficking Policy Formulation in Georgia Policy Network Analysis2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Magister), 20 points / 30 hpStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    “Trafficking” is not a thing. It is not an event. You cannot point a finger at it or take a photograph of it. “Trafficking” is a convenient, simple and useful label attached not to a single phenomenon but to a complex series of states and events that individually may or may not be harmful or wrong.”1Increasing attention has been given to the issue of trafficking in human beings worldwide because it is a gross violation of human dignity and human rights. Hundreds of thousands of women and children are now commodities sold on an international market to be exploited in prostitution, pornography and forced labour. No country is immune because trafficking is a problem that goes beyond national borders. This thesis focuses on the example of one country, namely Georgia, and its position in the fight against trafficking in human beings. The thesis employs a qualitative research strategy and a case study research design. As a developing country, Georgia greatly depends on assistance from various stakeholders from the international community and local civil society. Thus, the thesis examines a network of cooperation for the formulation of anti-trafficking policy with the help of foreign governments, international organizations and local non-governmental organizations. The conclusions drawn from the conducted research can be summarized as follows: anti-trafficking policy is a specific policy area where issue experts having knowledge about various aspects of this phenomenon count as much as establishments possessing political, economic and organizational power. Thus, anti-trafficking policy formulation and development in Georgia can serve as an example of an issue network.

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  • 333.
    Lovejoy, David B
    et al.
    University of Sydney.
    Jansson, Patric J
    University of Sydney.
    Brunk, Ulf
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Pharmacology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Wong, Jacky
    University of Sydney.
    Ponka, Prem
    Lady Davis Institute.
    Richardson, Des R
    University of Sydney.
    Antitumor Activity of Metal-Chelating Compound Dp44mT Is Mediated by Formation of a Redox-Active Copper Complex That Accumulates in Lysosomes2011In: Cancer Research, ISSN 0008-5472, E-ISSN 1538-7445, Vol. 71, no 17, p. 5871-5880Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The metal-chelating compound Dp44mT is a di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone (DpT) which displays potent and selective antitumor activity. This compound is receiving translational attention, but its mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we report that Dp44mT targets lysosome integrity through copper binding. Studies using the lysosomotropic fluorochrome acridine orange established that the copper-Dp44mT complex (Cu[Dp44mT]) disrupted lysosomes. This targeting was confirmed with pepstatin A-BODIPY FL, which showed redistribution of cathepsin D to the cytosol with ensuing cleavage of the proapoptotic BH3 protein Bid. Redox activity of Cu[Dp44mT] caused cellular depletion of glutathione, and lysosomal damage was prevented by cotreatment with the glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine. Copper binding was essential for the potent antitumor activity of Dp44mT, as coincubation with nontoxic copper chelators markedly attenuated its cytotoxicity. Taken together, our studies show how the lysosomal apoptotic pathway can be selectively activated in cancer cells by sequestration of redox-active copper. Our findings define a novel generalized strategy to selectively target lysosome function for chemotherapeutic intervention against cancer.

  • 334.
    Kowalkowski, Christian
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Industrial Marketing and Industrial Economics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Witell, Lars
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Quality Technology and Management. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Gustafsson, Anders
    Karlstad University, Sweden.
    Any way goes: Identifying value constellations for service infusion in SMEs2013In: Industrial Marketing Management, ISSN 0019-8501, E-ISSN 1873-2062, Vol. 42, no 1, p. 18-30Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Manufacturing firms have always delivered services, by supplying spare parts, installing equipment, training employees, or performing maintenance. In competitive markets though, firms seek new ways to differentiate their business, including an increased focus on service, often referred to as service infusion. Of the studies that seek to understand this phenomenon, most focus on large multinational firms; little is known about service infusion in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study adopts an explorative approach to investigate how SMEs construct new value constellations that enable value creation through services. The findings, based on in-depth interviews with key informants from 13 SMEs, suggest that there is no predefined transition process for service infusion in SMEs, which seldom have the resources to build new organizational units or create new specialties. Instead, they differentiate themselves through new value constellations within business networks. The heterogeneity of service offerings and business networks means those value constellations take many forms.

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  • 335.
    Liu, Wei
    et al.
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    Yuan, Jun
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    Zhu, Can
    Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China.
    Wei, Qingya
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    Liang, Songting
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    Zhang, Huotian
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Zheng, Guanhaojie
    Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China.
    Hu, Yunbin
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    Meng, Lei
    Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China.
    Gao, Feng
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Li, Yongfang
    Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China.
    Zou, Yingping
    Cent South Univ, Peoples R China.
    A-pi-A structured non-fullerene acceptors for stable organic solar cells with efficiency over 17%2022In: Science in China Series B: Chemistry, ISSN 1674-7291, E-ISSN 1869-1870, Vol. 65, no 7, p. 1374-1382Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With the development of photovoltaic materials, especially the small molecule acceptors (SMAs), organic solar cells (OSCs) have made breakthroughs in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, the stability of high-performance OSCs remains a critical challenge for future technological applications. To tackle the inherent instability of SMA materials under the ambient conditions, much effort has been made to improve OSCs stability, including device modification and new materials design. Here we proposed a new electron acceptor design strategy and developed a "quasi-macromolecule" (QM) with an A-pi-A structure, where the functionalized pi-bridge is used as a linker between two SMAs (A), to improve the long-term stability without deteriorating device efficiencies. Such type of QMs enables excellent synthetic flexibility to modulate their optical/electro-chemical properties, crystallization and aggregation behaviors by changing the A and pi units. Moreover, QMs possess a unique long conjugated backbone combining high molecular weight over 3.5 kDa with high purity. Compared with the corresponding SMA BTP-4F-OD (Y6-OD), the devices based on newly synthesized A-pi-A type acceptors QM1 and QM2 could exhibit better device stability and more promising PCEs of 17.05% and 16.36%, respectively. This kind of "molecular-framework" (A-pi-A) structure provides a new design strategy for developing high-efficiency and -stability photovoltaic materials.

  • 336.
    Lugering, Andreas
    et al.
    Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
    Lebiedz, Pia
    Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
    Koch, Stefan
    Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
    Kucharzik, Torsten
    Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
    Apoptosis as a therapeutic tool in IBD?2006In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, ISSN 0077-8923, E-ISSN 1749-6632, Vol. 1072, p. 62-77Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Defective apoptosis of mucosal cell populations seems to be a relevant pathogenetic mechanism in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It has been suggested that the induction of apoptosis in various effector cells may be a relevant therapeutic mechanism in IBD. Indeed, it was shown that different drugs used for treatment of IBD have the capacity to induce apoptosis in T cells or monocytes in vitro and in vivo. However, it remains unclear whether these observations are related to clinical efficacy of these agents. TNF-alpha is one of the most relevant proinflammatory mediators in IBD and anti-TNF treatment has been shown to be of particular benefit for patients with IBD. It could subsequently be shown that various anti-TNF-alpha agents, such as infliximab and adalimumab, can induce apoptosis in activated monocytes and lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. This mechanism requires reverse signaling via transmembranous TNF, thereby eliciting a signal transduction cascade that results in programmed cell death. Although other mechanisms might also contribute to the clinical effect of anti-TNF-alpha, current data suggest that apoptosis is a relevant mechanism that is associated with clinical efficacy of anti-TNF agents. Induction of apoptosis in activated monocytes or T cells may be regarded as therapeutic tool not only for anti-TNF agents, but also for other drugs used in IBD. Future strategies should focus on identification of mechanisms that prevent apoptosis in the mucosa of patients with IBD and in targeting apoptotic pathways as a therapeutic strategy in IBD.

  • 337.
    Achu, Denis
    Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science.
    Application of Gis in Temporal and Spatial Analyses of Dengue Fever Outbreak: Case of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Since Dengue fever (DF) and its related forms, Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) have become important health concerns worldwide, it is also imperative to develop methods which will help in the analysis of the incidences. Dengue fever cases are growing in number as it also invades widely, affecting larger number of countries and crossing climatic boundaries. Considering that the disease as of now has neither an effective vaccine nor a cure, monitoring in order to prevent or control is the resorted alternative. GIS and its related technologies offer a wealth of interesting capabilities towards achieving this goal.

    The intention of this study was to develop methods to describe dengue fever outbreaks taking Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as a case study. Careful study of Census data with appropriate attributes was made to find out their potential influence on dengue fever incidence in the various regions or census districts. Dengue incidence data from year 2000 to year 2008 reported by the municipal secretariat of Rio was used to extract the necessary census districts. Base map files in MapInfo format were converted to shape files.  Using ArcGIS it was possible to merge the dengue fever incidence data with the available base map file of the City of Rio according to corresponding census districts. Choropleth maps were then created using different attributes from which patterns and trends could be used to describe the characteristic of the outbreak with respect to the socio-economic conditions. Incidence data were also plotted in Excel to see temporal variations. Cluster analysis were performed with the Moran I technique on critical periods and years of dengue outbreak. Using the square root of dengue incidence from January to April 2002 and 2008, inverse distance was selected as the conceptualised spatial relationship, Euclidean distance as the distance method. More detailed analyses were then done on the selected critical years of dengue outbreak, (years 2002 and 2008), to investigate the influence of socio-economic variables on dengue incidence per census district.

     

    Dengue incidence rate appeared to be higher during the rainy and warmer months between December and May. Outbreaks of dengue occurred in years 2002 and 2008 over the study period of year 2000 to 2008. Some factors included in the census data were influential in the dengue prevalence according to districts. Satisfactory results can be achieved by using this strategy as a quick method for assessing potential dengue attack, spread and possible enabling conditions. The method has the advantage where there is limited access to field work, less financial means for acquisition of data and other vital resources.

    A number of difficulties were encountered during the study however and leaves areas where further work can be done for improvements. More variables would be required in order to make a complete and comprehensive description of influential conditions and factors.  There is still a gap in the analytical tools required for multi-dimensional investigations as the ones encountered in this study.  It is vital to integrate ‘GPS’ and ‘Remote Sensing’ in order to obtain a variety of up-to-date data with higher resolution.

     

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  • 338.
    Monstein, Hans-Jurg
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinical Microbiology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Karlsson, Anneli
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cell Biology. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences.
    Ryberg, Anna
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology.
    Borch, Kurt
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Surgery. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Centre of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Surgery in Östergötland.
    Application of PCR amplicon sequencing using a single primer pair in PCR amplification to assess variations in Helicobacter pylori CagA EPIYA tyrosine phosphorylation motifs2010In: BMC Research Notes, E-ISSN 1756-0500, Vol. 3, no 35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The presence of various EPIYA tyrosine phosphorylation motifs in the CagA protein of Helicobacter pylori has been suggested to contribute to pathogenesis in adults. In this study, a unique PCR assay and sequencing strategy was developed to establish the number and variation of cagA EPIYA motifs.

    Findings

    MDA-DNA derived from gastric biopsy specimens from eleven subjects with gastritis was used with M13- and T7- sequence-tagged primers for amplification of the cagA EPIYA motif region. Automated capillary electrophoresis using a high resolution kit and amplicon sequencing confirmed variations in the cagA EPIYA motif region. In nine cases, sequencing revealed the presence of AB, ABC, or ABCC (Western type) cagA EPIYA motif, respectively. In two cases, double cagA EPIYA motifs were detected (ABC/ABCC or ABC/AB), indicating the presence of two H. pylori strains in the same biopsy.

    Conclusion

    Automated capillary electrophoresis and amplicon sequencing using a single, M13- and T7-sequence-tagged primer pair in PCR amplification enabled a rapid molecular typing of cagA EPIYA motifs. Moreover, the techniques described allowed for a rapid detection of mixed H. pylori strains present in the same biopsy specimen.

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  • 339.
    Asplund, Amelia
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Logistics & Quality Management.
    Börjesson, Hanna
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Logistics & Quality Management.
    Applicering av konceptet logistikplattform på en aktör inom byggvaruhandeln: En fallstudie på Kesko Sverige och organisationens centrallager2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In a business environment which is becoming more and more globalized and with continually increasing customer requirements, companies are dealing with flexibility challenges. Customers want short lead times, a lot of customization and excellent service, everything while keeping prices low. Another dimension of complexity is added when large company groups make acquisitions of smaller companies, which means that the company group must ensure that these new acquisitions also can meet the customer's requirements to the same extent. 

    A solution to this problem can be found in the literature as the concept of a logistics platform. The concept describes a company working with a centralized resource base that serves all parts of the company at a decentralized level in order to meet the customer's requirements. Five building blocks of a logistics platform are central control, logistics concepts, physical structure, logistics processes and activities, and information systems (Abrahamsson, et al., 2003) 

    This study describes Kesko Sverige, which is a company primarily active in the construction and technical trade, with the brands K-Bygg, K-Rauta, Onninen and Mark & Infra. The problems described above are also found within Kesko, especially regarding acquisitions and the capacity of the central warehouse, which is a warehouse that serves all brands in Kesko Sverige. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Kesko can use a logistics platform to serve the various brands and what the use is for the central warehouse in Pilängen. 

    The study primarily focuses on the logistical concepts and the physical structures within Kesko. The logistics concepts have been restricted to deal with the distribution concepts warehousing, continuous replenishment, vendor managed inventory, cross-docking and direct deliveries, and the physical structure has been restricted to handle location strategy, inventory strategy and transport strategy. 

    Based on Kesko's customer, supplier and product characteristics, the requirements for the logistics platform are discovered. Based on these characteristics and requirements, an ideal picture of Kesko's logistics platform in the form of distribution concepts and the physical structure is investigated. It is then investigated how Kesko currently is applying the distribution concepts and the physical structure. These two versions, the ideal state and the current state, are then compared in a so-called gap analysis where differences are investigated to discover where there are areas for improvement for Kesko to be considered working towards the concept of a logistics platform. 

    The analysis shows that Kesko is well on its way to what is considered important in the concept, but that the future places great demand on the central warehouse and its capacity. The 6 gaps that were identified between the ideal and current state and which were considered to affect the capacity of the central warehouse were 1) The use of cross-docking, 2) The e-commerce location and transport arrangements, 3) The physical structure for value-adding services, 4) K-Bygg's assortment at the central warehouse, 5) Onninen's assortment at the central warehouse and 6) The use of external part for seasonal storage. Based on these gaps, eight proposals were formulated regarding how Kesko can minimize these gaps and hence move towards the ideal state. The proposals showed that the central warehouse, in order to work as a resource base for Kesko in the future, probably needs an increase in the number of pallets and places in the automated picking machine, as well as an increased number of loading and unloading ports and an expansion of the unloading area. By making these changes the central warehouse will be better at serving the current brands and the warehouse will also be better prepared to serve future acquisitions. 

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  • 340.
    Hedman, J.
    et al.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden.
    Dufva, C.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden.
    Norén, L.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ansell, C.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden.
    Albinsson, R.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ansell, Ricky
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Molecular genetics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Applying a customised DNA polymerase blend in forensic DNA profiling2011In: Book of Abstracts, 2011, p. 161-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Crime scene stains often contain extraneous compounds that may interfere with PCR-based DNA analysis,resulting in partial or negative/blank DNA profiles. Extensive DNA purification may remove PCR inhibitors, butinvolve a risk of DNA loss and introduction of contaminations. Customising the chemical content of the PCRreaction is a strategy that may increase PCR inhibitor tolerance without manipulating the sample. Previously wehave shown that crime scene stain analysis can be significantly improved by replacing the commonly used DNApolymerase AmpliTaq Gold with either individual alternative DNA polymerases or a blend of such enzymes [1,2].Here we present the validation of AmpFℓSTR SGM Plus with a modified PCR chemistry for routine casework,applying a 1:1 blend of the DNA polymerases ExTaq Hot Start and PicoMaxx High Fidelity. Allele callings areidentical to standard analysis, and stutters sizes and balance values are indistinguishable. The modified chemistryprovides increased resistance to PCR inhibitors, resulting in an elevated number of detected alleles for crimescene stains of both blood and secretion/saliva. Additionally, the detection limit is improved.[1] Hedman, J., Nordgaard, A., Rasmusson, B., Ansell, R. and Rådström, P. (2009) Improved forensic DNA analysis through the use of alternativeDNA polymerases and statistical modeling of DNA profiles. Biotechniques, 47, 951-958.[2] Hedman, J., Nordgaard, A., Dufva, C., Rasmusson, B., Ansell, R. and Rådström, P. (2010) Synergy between

  • 341.
    Hedman, J.
    et al.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science (SKL), Linköping.
    Dufva, C.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science (SKL), Linköping.
    Norén, L.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science (SKL), Linköping.
    Ansell, C.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science (SKL), Linköping.
    Albinsson, L.
    Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science (SKL), Linköping.
    Ansell, Ricky
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Molecular genetics . Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Applying a PCR inhibitor tolerant DNA polymerase blend in forensic DNA profiling2011In: Forensic Science International: Genetics, Supplement Series, ISSN 1875-1798, Vol. 3, no 1, p. e349-e350Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Crime scene samples often contain extraneous compounds that may interfere with PCR-based DNA analysis, resulting in imbalanced, partial or blank/negative DNA profiles. Customising the chemical content of the PCR reaction is a strategy that may increase PCR inhibitor tolerance without manipulating the sample. We have validated a modified version of AmpFlSTR SGM Plus, replacing AmpliTaq Gold DNA polymerase with a customised blend of two alternative polymerases, ExTaq Hot Start and PicoMaxx High Fidelity. Allele calls are identical to standard analysis. Stutter sizes and balance values are indistinguishable. The modified chemistry provides increased resistance to PCR inhibitors, resulting in an elevated number of detected alleles for various problematic crime scene samples.

  • 342.
    Carlfjord, Siw
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Primary Health Care Centres.
    Andersson, Agneta
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in the West of Östergötland, Unit of Research and Development in Local Health Care, County of Östergötland.
    Bendtsen, Preben
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Health Care. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in the West of Östergötland, Department of Medical Specialist.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine and Public Health Science. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics.
    Lindberg, Malou
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, General Practice. Linköping University, Faculty of Health Sciences. Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Local Health Care Services in the West of Östergötland, Unit of Research and Development in Local Health Care, County of Östergötland.
    Applying the RE-AIM framework to evaluate two implementation strategies used to introduce a tool for lifestyle intervention in Swedish primary health care2012In: Health Promotion International, ISSN 0957-4824, E-ISSN 1460-2245, Vol. 27, no 2, p. 167-176Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to evaluate two implementation strategies for the introduction of a lifestyle intervention tool in primary health care (PHC), applying the RE-AIM framework to assess outcome. A computer-based tool for lifestyle intervention was introduced in PHC. A theory-based, explicit, implementation strategy was used at three centers, and an implicit strategy with a minimum of implementation efforts at three others. After 9 months a questionnaire was sent to staff members (n= 159) and data from a test database and county council registers were collected. The RE-AIM framework was applied to evaluate outcome in terms of reach, effectiveness, adoption and implementation. The response rate for the questionnaire was 73%. Significant differences in outcome were found between the strategies regarding reach, effectiveness and adoption, in favor of the explicit implementation strategy. Regarding the dimension implementation, no differences were found according to the implementation strategy. A theory-based implementation strategy including a testing period before using a new tool in daily practice seemed to be more successful than a strategy in which the tool was introduced and immediately used for patients.                 

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  • 343.
    Xiao, Manjun
    et al.
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China; South China Univ Technol, Peoples R China; Changzhou Univ, Peoples R China.
    Liu, Longfei
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China.
    Meng, Yongdie
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China.
    Fan, Baobing
    City Univ Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
    Su, Wenyan
    Xian Univ Sci & Technol, Peoples R China.
    Jin, Conggui
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China.
    Liao, Luocheng
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China.
    Yi, Fan
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China; Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Peoples R China.
    Xu, Chao
    Xiangtan Univ, Peoples R China; Changzhou Univ, Peoples R China.
    Zhang, Rui
    Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Electronic and photonic materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    Jen, Alex K. -Y.
    City Univ Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
    Ma, Wei
    Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Peoples R China.
    Fan, Qunping
    Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Peoples R China; Changzhou Univ, Peoples R China.
    Approaching 19% efficiency and stable binary polymer solar cells enabled by a solidification strategy of solvent additive2023In: Science in China Series B: Chemistry, ISSN 1674-7291, E-ISSN 1869-1870Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Additives play a crucial role in enhancing the photovoltaic performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the typical additives used to optimize blend morphology of PSCs are still high boiling-point solvents, while their trace residues may reduce device stability. Herein, an effective strategy of "solidification of solvent additive (SSA)" has been developed to convert additive from liquid to solid, by introducing a covalent bond into low-cost solvent diphenyl sulfide (DPS) to synthesize solid dibenzothiophene (DBT) in one-step, which achieves optimized morphology thus promoting efficiency and device stability. Owing to the fine planarity and volatilization of DBT, the DBT-processed films achieve ordered molecular crystallinity and suitable phase separation compared to the additive-free or DPS-treated ones. Importantly, the DBT-processed device also possesses improved light absorption, enhanced charge transport, and thus a champion efficiency of 11.9% is achieved in the PM6:Y6-based PSCs with an excellent additive component tolerance, reproducibility, and stability. Additionally, the DBT-processed PM6:L8-BO-based PSCs are further fabricated to study the universality of SSA strategy, offering an impressive efficiency approaching 19% as one of the highest values in binary PSCs. In conclusion, this article developed a promising strategy named SSA to boost efficiency and improve stability of PSCs.

  • 344.
    Eriksson, Filip
    Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education and Sociology.
    Approaching talent in the workplace: Practitioner definitions and strategic implications2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – To study HR practitioners’including managers’subjective definitions of talent, and its possible influence and implications if any on talent management strategy in acorporation.

    Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative study using one-on-one and group interviews in combinationwith participation observation. Findings–Workplace talentdefinitions of practitioners seems to be influenced by talent outside the workplace. Individuals involved in strategic formulation has in addition criteria in line with strategic goals. Influence on the employee-organisation relationship is discussed.

    Practicalimplications – Practitioner definitions in line with an exclusive approach may be a challenge to inclusive initiatives. This conceptualisation may be dependent on culture, which has implications for a global perspective. A dynamic talent label may influence retention due to the psychological contract.

    Originality/value – This study analyses talent definitionsof managers and practitionersin-depth, provides a multi-dimensional approach to talent management, integrates a psychological perspective while providing empirical research in a Swedish context.

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    Approaching talent in the workplace : Practitioner definitions and strategic implications
  • 345.
    Bonn, Stephanie E.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden.
    Löf, Marie
    Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Karolinska Inst, Sweden.
    Ostenson, Claes-Goeran
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden.
    Lagerros, Ylva Trolle
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Sweden.
    App-technology to improve lifestyle behaviors among working adults - the Health Integrator study, a randomized controlled trial2019In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 19, article id 273Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundMobile health, mHealth is recognized as a strategy to improve lifestyle behaviors. Research targeting specific lifestyle behaviors has shown that interventions using smartphones can be effective. However, few studies have evaluated solutions with multicomponent interventions, tailoring the intervention to the specific needs of the participant using a combination of mHealth and conventional treatment. To accomplish this, we developed Health Integrator, an mHealth platform with services and offers in the areas of diet, physical activity, sleeping habits, stress, alcohol and tobacco use. In the system, the user selects an area of intervention together with a health coach and set weekly goals. This study protocol presents the design and methodology of the Health Integrator Study, a randomized controlled trial to promote improved lifestyle behaviors.MethodsA three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial (1:1:1) is conducted in the Stockholm County, Sweden. In total, 209 employees at a four different companies representing both white and blue collar workers, have been recruited.Participants are randomized to either a control group or to one of two intervention groups receiving a 3-month lifestyle behavior change program including either 1) use of Health Integrator and monthly health coaching sessions or 2) only Health Integrator.At baseline and follow-up after 3- and 6-months, all participants answer questionnaires assessing lifestyle behaviors and quality of life. At baseline and the 3-month follow-up (end of intervention period), weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure are measured, and all participants wear an Actigraph accelerometer for 7days to assess physical activity. Blood lipid profile and HbA1c are measured among all participants at baseline. If baseline measures fall outside the normal range, a second measurement is done after 3months.DiscussionThe Health Integrator Intervention Study will evaluate if a personalized intervention combining mHealth and conventional programs for lifestyle change, with or without additional health coach sessions, can improve lifestyle behaviors and quality of life. Based on the results from this trial, Health Integrator can easily be implemented within a broad public.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03579342. Retrospectively registered, first submitted May 8, 2018.

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  • 346.
    Elfverson, Cajsa
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Speech and Language Pathology.
    Eriksson, Johanna
    Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Speech and Language Pathology.
    Arbetsminnesstrategier i förhållande till ordförråd hos barn med utvecklingsstörning.2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible correlation between vocabulary and strategy use in working memory tasks. Children with intellectual disabilities are presumed to have difficulties in remembering visual represented information using a phonological strategy, meaning rehearsal in the working memory (Milgram, 1973). Children with intellectual disabilities have a deficit in the ability to rehearse words in working memory (Henry, 2002). This can be related to a study made by Gathercole and Baddeley (1989) implying that phonological working memory is important when learning new words. Our hypothesis was therefore that vocabulary size would correlate with a use of a phonological working memory strategy.

         Thirty-two children with a mental age span between 5:9 and 10:9 participated. The target group consisted of 16 children with intellectual disability. The control group consisted of 16 children matched on non-verbal mental age. In order to compare children with equal mental age, the target group and the control group were divided into three age groups. In order to analyze which strategies children practice to remember, a computer program, specially designed for this study was used. The program helped us to map out strategy use among the groups. We determined each child’s vocabulary to compare these variables. We found a correlation between vocabulary size and strategy use in the younger age groups of children with with intellectual disability. We also found that the control group had a significantly larger use of the mature phonological strategy in comparison to the group with intellectual disability. To summarize it seems that there is a correlation between strategy use and vocabulary size.

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    Arbetsminnesstrategier och ordförråd
  • 347.
    Chen, Rong
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Klein, Gunnar O
    Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Sundvall, Erik
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Karlsson, Daniel
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Åhlfeldt, Hans
    Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Archetype-based conversion of EHR content models: pilot experience with a regional EHR system2009In: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, E-ISSN 1472-6947, Vol. 9, no 33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Exchange of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data between systems from different suppliers is a major challenge. EHR communication based on archetype methodology has been developed by openEHR and CEN/ISO. The experience of using archetypes in deployed EHR systems is quite limited today. Currently deployed EHR systems with large user bases have their own proprietary way of representing clinical content using various models. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of representing EHR content models from a regional EHR system as openEHR archetypes and inversely to convert archetypes to the proprietary format. Methods: The openEHR EHR Reference Model (RM) and Archetype Model (AM) specifications were used. The template model of the Cambio COSMIC, a regional EHR product from Sweden, was analyzed and compared to the openEHR RM and AM. This study was focused on the convertibility of the EHR semantic models. A semantic mapping between the openEHR RM/AM and the COSMIC template model was produced and used as the basis for developing prototype software that performs automated bidirectional conversion between openEHR archetypes and COSMIC templates. Results: Automated bi-directional conversion between openEHR archetype format and COSMIC template format has been achieved. Several archetypes from the openEHR Clinical Knowledge Repository have been imported into COSMIC, preserving most of the structural and terminology related constraints. COSMIC templates from a large regional installation were successfully converted into the openEHR archetype format. The conversion from the COSMIC templates into archetype format preserves nearly all structural and semantic definitions of the original content models. A strategy of gradually adding archetype support to legacy EHR systems was formulated in order to allow sharing of clinical content models defined using different formats. Conclusion: The openEHR RM and AM are expressive enough to represent the existing clinical content models from the template based EHR system tested and legacy content models can automatically be converted to archetype format for sharing of knowledge. With some limitations, internationally available archetypes could be converted to the legacy EHR models. Archetype support can be added to legacy EHR systems in an incremental way allowing a migration path to interoperability based on standards.

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    Archetype-based conversion of EHR content models : pilot experience with a regional EHR system
  • 348.
    Deurell, Jonas
    Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Linköpings universitet.
    Architectural Constraints in Data Acquisition Design2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 28 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Replacing a data acquisition system (DAQ) is a substantial and long-term investment. Siemens Energy’s R&D department is considering a new DAQ system. The equipment should be relevant for at least ten years. The system performance needs to reflect today’s requirements but also consider those of the future. Together with measurement engineers at the company, a list of specifications is written, highlighting the DAQ system requirements. Also, two parallel use cases are defined.

    The general architecture of a data acquisition system is analyzed. Different implementation techniques are compared when navigating through the DAQ system design process. The comparison forms a relation between the architectural constraints and the requirements. Several tradeoffs in DAQ system design have been found and discussed. Furthermore, the review of market trends indicates the technical direction of modern DAQ systems Thus, questioning the current instrument/measurement strategy.

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  • 349.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    et al.
    Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences, Clinical and Social Psychology.
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Strömgren, Tryggve
    Ström, Lars
    Are coping strategies really useful for the tinnitus patient? An investigation conducted via the internet2004In: Audiological Medicine, ISSN 1651-386X, E-ISSN 1651-3835, Vol. 2, no 1, p. 54-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This questionnaire study investigated the role of coping strategies in tinnitus. The Tinnitus Coping Strategy Questionnaire (12) was administered via the internet to a sample of 157 persons with tinnitus who were recruited for participation in a treatment trial. Also included were the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results showed a significant positive correlation between use of coping strategies and tinnitus distress, even when controlling for anxiety sensitivity, and anxiety and depression levels in a multiple regression analysis. In line with previous studies, the role of coping strategies is not uniformly positive for tinnitus patients, and might even be associated with increased distress. Treatment implications are discussed and a possible role of acceptance strategies is put forward.

  • 350.
    Tinghög, Gustav
    Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Economics. Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Health and Society. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Are Individuals Luck Egalitarians? – An experiment on the influence of brute and option luck on social preferences2012Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background / Objectives

    According to luck egalitarianism, inequalities should be deemed fair as long as they follow from individuals’ deliberate and fully informed choices, i.e. option luck – while inequalities should be deemed unfair if they follow from choices over which the individual has no control, i.e. brute luck. This study investigates if individuals’ fairness preferences correspond with the luck egalitarian fairness position. More specifically, in a laboratory experiment we test how individuals choose to redistribute gains and losses that stem from option luck compared to brute luck.

    Methods / Design

    A two-stage experimental design was employed. In total, 125 subjects were randomly assigned to either the brute luck or option luck treatment. Treatments were identical except for how monetary compensation for participation in the experiment was settled in stage one. In the option luck treatment, subjects were given the option to chose between a safe option (50 Sek) and a risky option (a 50/50 gamble between 0 SEK and 150 SEK) for how they would be compensated for participating in the experiment. In the brute luck treatment no such choice was given, instead  all subjects were compensated based on outcome of the risky option. In the second stage, before winners and losers of the gamble were revealed, subjects were asked to distribute additional endowments (100 SEK) in an anonymous dictator game using the strategy method, i.e. making decisions contingent on the recipient losing or wining in the gamble.

    Results / Findings

    The average redistribution rate to losers was significantly higher in the brute luck treatment (48% of own endowment) compared to the option luck treatment (38%), suggesting that individuals have stronger preferences for redistribution toward individuals who suffer bad brute luck compared to individuals who suffer from equally bad outcomes due to bad option luck.

    Conclusions / Implications

    We find strong support for people having a fairness preference not just for outcomes, but also for how those outcomes are reached. Our findings are potentially important for understanding the role citizens assign individual responsibility for life outcomes, i.e. health and wealth. 

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