Drönare är ett växande fenomen i dagens samhälle och deras användningsområdenhar snabbt ökat de senaste åren. För att underlätta utvecklingen av drönarteknologi kansimuleringar tillämpas då de möjliggör testning i en kontrollerad och riskfri miljö. I dettaprojekt visualiseras simuleringar av drönare i ett försök att skapa värde för denna utveckling. Visualiseringen skedde med hjälp av Unreal Engine 5. Under projektets gång studerades arbetsmetoderna som nyttjades och hur en systemanatomi kan bidra till utvecklingen iett småskaligt mjukvaruprojekt. Största värdet som producerades för kunden var kommunikationsmodulen. Kommunikationen uppnåddes med hjälp av två JSON-filer som visualiseringen respektive simuleringen skrev till för att kommunicera med varandra. Värdeti denna modul ligger i att kunden sökte en modulär lösning för att kommunicera mellanen 3D-visualisering och en simulering. En erfarenhet som uppmärksammades angåendearbetsmetoderna är vikten av en fungerande gruppdynamik. Bidragande faktorer till detvar agila arbetsmetoder, goda kommunikationsvägar och en väl planerad användning avGit. Systemanatomier upplevdes ge begränsat värde till projektet.

Database load testing is a crucial aspect when performing different tests on adatabase. Load testing itself creates a great image of how a database performsunder load, in terms of resilience but also performance. In this study, we set upthree different databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and HCL Notes Database. In order for the database load testing tool to better perform actions on the database,we set up a REST API. This REST API implemented all the necessary functions to Create, Read, Update and Remove (CRUD) data. In the experiment,a notification was used as data. The load testing tool was used to create testplans that performed all the CRUD for one notification by sending out the requests, and then to perform multiple plans of requests at the same time to loadtest the database. Response time was collected from all the requests sent out.The results gathered from this showed a clear winner, this being MySQL withthe lowest overall response time and also never showed a sign of crashing. HCLNotes Database performed the slowest and almost managed to run all the testsfully, whilst MongoDB performed better than HCL Notes Database but didn’tmanage to fully run as many tests as the other two databases. Concluding this,MySQL in this test, performed the best and in a similar scenario as the one setup, is the most suitable database. 

Automatic text summarization has emerged as a promising solution to manage the vast amount of information available on the internet, enabling a wider audience to access it. Nevertheless, further development and experimentation with different approaches are still needed.

This thesis explores the potential of combining extractive and abstractive approaches into a hybrid method, generating three types of summaries: extractive, abstractive, and hybrid. The news articles used in the study are from the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter(DN). The quality of the summaries is assessed using various automatic measures, including ROUGE, BERTScore, and Coh-Metrix. Additionally, human evaluations are conducted to compare the different types of summaries in terms of perceived fluency, adequacy, and simplicity.

The results of the human evaluation show a statistically significant difference between attractive, abstractive, and hybrid summaries with regard to fluency, adequacy, and simplicity. Specifically, there is a significant difference between abstractive and hybrid summaries in terms of fluency and simplicity, but not in adequacy. The automatic measures, however, do not show significant differences between the different summaries but tend to give higher scores to the hybrid and abstractive summaries

Despite a constantly growing selection of front-end JavaScript frameworks, there is a lack of research to guide the choice of which one to use in a software project. Instead, the decision is generally based on experience and personal preferences within the team. The aim of this thesis is therefore to present a structured evaluation model to provide for more informed decisions. A preliminary study is carried out where the most important qualities of a framework are identified, both according to previous literature and to practitioners. The pre-study result is used to construct a structured model to assess framework performance for the identified qualities. Finally, a test of the model is carried out to see if it can guide the choice of framework in a specific project. The study shows that the design of the model does contribute with important insights on framework performance in prioritized quality areas and the trade-offs that this entails for other important qualities. Thus, the model provides necessary information to make well-founded decisions. Furthermore, it fills the gap in contemporary research by providing an understanding of what is important in a framework according to practitioners.

In this paper, a technical overview will be provided for a developed mobile exergame, with a particular focus on its movement tracking. By utilizing spatial movement readout from the AR algorithm, we've managed to create an easy to use exergame that allows the user to track their horizontal movement. In contrast to a more conventional approach, our solution can work indoors, and can be applied to vertical motion tracking as well. The applied method led to an exergame tailor-made for its target group, but it didn't include a thorough examination of other alternatives to our AR usage. This means that our solution should be researched further to better understand its relevance in the field, while we've shown with a practical example how it can be utilized.

I många relevanta scenarier finns det en obalans mellan god tillgång på oannoterad data och sämre tillgång på annoterad data för att träna prediktiva modeller. Semi-Övervakad Inlärning och Aktiv Inlärning är två distinkta metoder för att hantera denna fråga. Den första använder direkt oannoterad data för att förbättra inlärningen av modellparametrar, medan den andra utför ett smart val av oannoterade punkter som ska skickas till en annoterare eller ett orakel, som kan annotera dessa punkter och öka det annoterade träningssetet. I detta sammanhang är Generativa Modeller mycket lämpliga eftersom de internt representerar data-genereringsprocessen och naturligt gynnas av dataexempel oberoende av närvaron av etiketter. Denna Masteruppsats föreslår Expectation-Maximization med Density-Weighted Entropy, en ny aktiv semi-övervakad inlärningsmetod som är skräddarsydd för generativa modeller. Metoden utforskas teoretiskt och experiment genomförs för att utvärdera dess tillämpning på Gaussiska Mixturmodeller och Multinomiala Mixturmodeller. Baserat på dess partiella framgång ställs och diskuteras flera frågor för att identifiera möjliga förbättringar och avgöra vilka brister som måste hanteras innan metoden anses robust och allmänt tillämplig.

This thesis offers new input in the field of generating epithets to aid the comprehension of Swedish texts. For whatever reason, a reader might find certain words in a text difficult to understand. For example, they may never have come across the term moussaka before; however, by the simple expedient of assigning an explanatory epithet – in this case, “the dish” moussaka – they can hopefully continue reading uninterrupted. To do this, obscure phrases are identified and extracted based on word class, shallow token features and the Pareto Principle. An algorithm then extracts appropriate epithets for each word using the Wikipedia categorisation system. Although the algorithm developed for the study achieved underwhelming results when extracting obscure phrases, it did prove excellent at assigning appropriate epithets to nouns and proper nouns. With further research, this process can hopefully be utilised as a tool for improving the readability of any text.

An essential part of combating climate change is to reduce energy consumption. As the industrial sector was accountable for approximately a third of the total global carbon dioxide equivalents in 2019, it is crucial for industries to manage their energy usage. Research within the field of eco-feedback shows that visualising energy data can inspire energy reductions and promote knowledge. The thesis investigates how a dashboard for energy data visualisations for the industrial sector can be designed to be usable and to inspire behavioural change for its end users. Usability is researched in terms of initial learnability and subjective satisfaction. Perceived behavioural change is studied through changes in users' awareness and attitude towards energy management. 

A prototype of a dashboard for energy data visualisations is developed through three iterations of the HCD process. During the first iteration, a paper prototype is developed, and evaluated through a workshop. During the second iteration, the paper prototype is translated into a digital prototype, which is then translated into a software prototype. The software prototype is evaluated through end-user tests at the end of the second iteration. During the third iteration, the software prototype is improved, based on the input from the previous evaluation, and then evaluated through end-user tests. The usability of the software prototype is evaluated through the think-aloud method and a SUS questionnaire. Perceived behavioural change is evaluated by interviewing the test users about their change in attitude and awareness after using the dashboard. 

The thesis finds that the dashboard prototype was easy to use and interpret. The following design choices were concluded to contribute to the usability in terms of initial learnability and subjective satisfaction: visually separating information, information adjacency, adding explanatory texts, using colour as a visual encoding, using a colour scheme that provides contrast and consistency, filtering data through multi-select, providing different options for visualisation, using interactivity for further data exploration, giving the user response to actions, considering chart junk and the data-ink ratio, and using unambiguous icons. In addition, the thesis concludes that the dashboard inspired changes in both the user's awareness and attitude towards energy management. The design choices that were proven to affect the user's awareness and attitude were: letting the user choose their preferred unit to represent the data, presenting the user with tips, providing internal and external data comparisons, visualising multiple energy-related key figures, allowing for historic comparison, reminding the user of upcoming activities, presenting a list of scheduled measures and providing feedback of a prognosticated proposed measure in terms of its intended effects.

Access management is an important part of the security of an organization as it limits access to sensitive material such as code and files. Therefore, access management can be a vital part of preventing leaks of information in regard to company-sensitive information or information about employees or users. 

A technique that can be used to handle access management is the use of access control models. This thesis conducts a literature study and scenario-based evaluations of 12 access control models with the aim of creating recommendations and a roadmap for choosing access control models for different organizations. The most common factors of the chosen access control models are adaptability, flexibility, and high security. The 12 chosen access control models were chosen because they were deemed the best fit for organizations in the technology industry. Other models could be chosen depending on the industry or environment, which will yield different results but the roadmap can still be tailored. 

The scenario-based organization focuses on five main parameters within the evaluation: attribute definition, economy, control authorities, organization, and security. These are determined by taking the average of the sub-parameters of each main parameter, this is done for each access control model resulting in a total average. The scenarios conducted are of differently-sized organizations namely: small, growing, and large. For each scenario, the main parameters were weighted which resulted in new averages which in turn resulted in recommendations for each scenario. 

The results present recommendations for each scenario both in the form of a single access control model that can be used but also in the form of access control model combinations that can help reach more of the priorities parameters for each scenario. Further, the thesis can be viewed as a roadmap for organizations that can be tailored to fit individual needs and priorities by altering the parameter weights. 

Data used when studying vaccination programs and vaccine evaluations are collectedfrom multiple, and constantly changing data sources. These data sources are often isolateddata silos, that are hard for researchers and public health organizations to connect, andthus hinders when researchers and public health organizations are conducting these studies. A solution for this hindrance are well-designed ontologies. Ontologies are becomingincreasingly relevant with the massive increase of data online. Equally relevant is handling ontologies according to the FAIR principles, since it is considered the best practicesof handling scientific data.

This thesis presents a design process for modeling an ontology in order to representvaccine coverage, safety and adverse events, and vaccine effectiveness for real-time evaluation when existing ontologies are taken into consideration. The design process was inspired by the METHONTOLOGY method and the XD method. The scope was specified viathree stories each representing one aspect (vaccine coverage, safety and adverse events,and vaccine effectiveness), and relevant terms were gathered via knowledge acquisition.They were both validated by a domain expert before integration and implementation ofeach story, forming a module, were performed. In the integration and implementation,noticeable impact of the FAIR principles was seen since FAIRsFAIR’s 17 recommendationswere followed. The impact of the guidelines suggested foundational ontologies and reuseof ontologies which also follow the FAIR principles should be used to the extent possible.This thesis also presents how the modeled ontology could be evaluated by three aspects:internal evaluation, external evaluation, and FAIRness. Both the internal and external evaluation regarded the quality criterion accuracy and coverage. The internal evaluation included verification of requirements, also the coverage, and predicting the accuracy by semantic variance. The external evaluation was conducted by auditing, where four domainexperts rated pairings and records where the acceptance of the pairings were significantlyhigher compared to the records. The external evaluation was also performed in two manners. In the first manner, the pairings and records were presented text-based. In the secondmanner, the pairings and the records were instead presented by reading them aloud anddisplaying them on a visualization created with OWLGrED. The two auditing mannerswere compared which resulted in evidence suggesting the visual auditing receiving higherscores compared to the text-based auditing. Lastly, the FAIRness of the modeled ontology was evaluated when two ontology practitioners rated on a Likert scale to what degreethe modeled ontology follows FAIRsFAIR’s 17 recommendations. The modeled ontology,Vaccination Evaluation Ontology (VEO), was mainly impacted by the FAIR principles inthe integration step and the implementation step. The evaluation performed with twoontology practitioners concluded in acceptable scoring and advise to better abide by therecommendations.

This thesis investigates the network performance of DPDK, io_uring, and the standard Linux network stack in terms of latency, packet loss, throughput, and packet rate. DPDK is widely adopted in the telecommunication industry and has been for several years. io_uringis a new Linux system call interface, as of this writing, used for asynchronous I/O operations and could potentially offer better network performance than the standard Linux network stack. The analysis involves benchmarking of DPDK, io_uring and Linux network stack both with a continuous flow of data traffic and bursty traffic to see how the applications are able to handle different kinds of data traffic conditions. The Linux kernel network parameters were tuned in order to investigate what kind of performance increase can be achieved for an application using io_uring to gain a better understanding of howio_uring compares to DPDK. From the analysis, it was concluded that DPDK had the best overall performance when considering packet loss, throughput, latency, and packet rate.io_uring performed better than the Linux network stack in terms of throughput, packet loss, and packet rate but was not considerably better in terms of latency. When comparing the latency of bursty traffic for DPDK, io_uring, and the standard Linux network stack, it was shown that the kernel-based alternatives were better able at handling traffic over their maximum performance than DPDK, thus it may offer better scalability. After tuning the Linux kernel network parameters it was concluded that tuning may impact the performance network metrics of an application using io_uring. We conclude that io_uring shows some promising results compared to the standard Linux network stack, but is not yet able to compare with DPDK in network performance. The development of io_uring is ongoing and it may improve further in the future.

The protection and preservation of biodiversity, a term that encompasses all living organisms on Earth, is becoming an exceedingly important topic as we are losing species at an alarming speed. Inspired by the UN conference, COP15, on biodiversity, this project seeks to engage and educate audiences about the importance of biodiversity conservation in the context of gardening, in close cooperation with two local gardening-related organisations based in Norrköping, Sweden. 

The design project utilises motion graphics as a medium to depict the interconnections between biodiversity and gardening practices visually. By combining animation, visual effects, and audio elements, the motion graphics attempt to communicate the significance of preserving biodiversity and sustaining healthy garden environments. This thesis essay explores the research question using a Research Through Design (RtD) approach. The project was conducted through research, concept- and prototype development, finalising in an evaluation and validation phase. 

The conclusion of this thesis suggests that motion graphics allow for a visual representation of complex environmental concepts, making them further accessible to a wide audience. By bridging the gap between scientific information and public understanding, motion graphics can empower individuals to adopt sustainable gardening practices and contribute to the preservation and protection of biodiversity.

Den tekniska utvecklingen har med ett snabbt tempo infört diverse verktyg och hjälpmedel för att effektivisera och underlätta flertalet områden i våra liv. Inom utbildning finns numera olika versioner av utbildningsplattformar och verktyg för att distribuera information, samarbeta och kommunicera. Parallellt med en ökad användning av institutionella IKT-verktyg har flertal studenter en egen direkt åtkomst till en enorm informationsinhämtning via sina privata sociala medier. Det gör att sättet som inlärning går till på är möjlig för studenter att påverka och till viss del kan bestämma hur det ska se ut för dem själva. I denna studie undersöks studenters användning och upplevelse av sociala medier i utbildningssyfte och hur detta integreras med studentens utbildning och övriga IKT-verktyg. För studiens första frågeställning undersöktes studenternas praktiska användning av sociala medier med en enkätundersökning. Resultatet visade att studenterna främst använder sociala medier för kommunikation med andra studenter, inlärning och fördjupning av ämnen samt för informationshämtning kring utbildningsrelaterade evenemang och föreläsningar. Det var ett resultat som även stärktes av resultatet av studiens andra frågeställning som berörde studenternas upplevelse, tankar och känslor kring användandet av sociala medier i utbildningssammanhang. För att besvara den andra frågeställningen användes en tematisk analys genomfört på data från fokusgrupper. Analysen resulterade i fyra teman som visade studenternas upplevelse av sociala medier som ett smidigt verktyg som ger upphov till en flexibilitet och anpassningsbarhet av deras studier. Användandet av sociala medier ansågs även uppstå ur ett behov av funktioner som inte framhävs eller används via universitets IKT-verktyg. Slutligen önskade de deltagande studenterna tydligare ramverk och struktur samt stöd för hur IKT-verktygen kan och uppmuntras till att användas. Baserat på studiens resultat ges ett perspektiv och underlag för hur universitetsstudenter upplever användningen av IKT-verktyg. Studiens fynd kan vara betydelsefullt för framtida studier samt utveckling och design för hur IKT-verktyg integreras i högre utbildningar.

As the mobile communication world expands in size and complexity, the need for testing the solutions in a controlled environment before deployment is as pronounced as ever. Simultaneously, new tools and products are developed to optimize the process and reduce costs. One tool that allows for testing the system under varying network conditions during development is a network emulator, which lies in between a classic network simulator and real-world network testing, providing high flexibility and repeatability in experiments and is expected to behave closer to a real-world network than a network simulator would. One established network emulator is the Itrinegy Network Emulator (INE). This paid product comes with a physical device and a software GUI and has been on the market for almost two decades. On the other end of the network emulation spectrum, the Znail Network Emulator is found: an open-source software-based network emulator designed to run on a single-board computer (e.g., a Raspberry Pi), which has been developed in the last five years in a nonenterprise-manner.

In this thesis, these two network emulators are evaluated and compared against each other, aiming to investigate what functionality they offer and evaluate their emulation accuracy level. To do this, a testbed is set up to perform experiments by sending network traffic from a client to a server. The network emulator is placed between the hosts, acting as a bridge and applying different network conditions to the passing network traffic. The functionality comparison demonstrates that Znail offers minimal configuration options compared to the INE: only the most basic network conditions can be achieved with Znail. The results from the testbed experiments show that both emulators perform well when only one network parameter is applied at a time. However, when using more complex configurations with combinations of multiple network parameters, INE is overall superior in accuracy and stability, and Znail is deficient in several sectors. Although, the results also show that INE has some frailties in achieving correct emulation accuracy when combined with low bandwidth levels. Through the emulator functionality comparison and accuracy evaluation, this thesis argues that Znail can be a good choice of emulator in smaller establishments and for the at-home developer, while the INE is a better choice for larger organizations where stability and reliability are crucial.

The use of social robots is often seen as a solution for handling future challenges such as caring for a growing population of elderly people. However, previous research has shown that robots can be perceived as threatening and for a successful implementation of robots in society we are dependent on the public’s acceptance of the technology. This thesis investigates whether transparency about robots’ lack of human-like psychological capabilities can reduce the perceived damage of robots on humans and human identity (henceforth “perceived damage”), and whether the effect of such transparency is moderated by the human-like appearance of the robot. Ninety-two study participants, randomly assigned to either a transparent or neutral condition, were presented with pictures and descriptions of four robots that varied in human-likeness. The capabilities of the robots were differently described in the two conditions, using either non-psychological (e.g., “programmed responses”) or psychological terminology (e.g., “respond in natural manner”). Participants subsequently filled in a scale measuring perceived damage. The results showed that the transparent condition was associated with lower perceived damage than the non-transparent condition for the most human-like robot. There was no significant interaction effect between transparency and human-like appearance. The findings suggest that transparency about robots' lack of human-like psychological capabilities can have a positive effect on perceived damage when the robot has a very human-like appearance. However, further research is needed to investigate whether transparency reduces perceived damage in real-world interactions with robots. 

Denna rapport är skapad av tio studenter vid Linköpings universitet vårterminen år2023. Rapporten är en del av kursen TDDD96 — Kandidatprojekt i programvaruutveckling. Rapporten tar upp och behandlar metod och resultat av projektet som utfördes. Den tarockså upp erfarenheter som gruppmedlemmar fått genom projektets gång. Syftet med projektet var att utveckla en applikation till företaget Arboair, vilket är ett företag som står föratt skapa en friskare skog. Resultatet blev en applikation, som är en början till ett verktyg för skogsägare att analysera träd med hjälp av bilder från en drönare. Den viktigasteerfarenheten som gruppen tog med sig var att arbeta i ett mjukvaruprojekt där arbetsplaneringen stod i högt fokus.

Denna rapport behandlar utvecklingsarbetet och resultatet från utvecklingen av en web- bapplikation för undersökning av ljudanalyser. Arbetet beställdes av Nationellt Forensiskt Centrum, en avdelning inom Polismyndigheten. En projektgrupp bestående av tio stu- denter vid Linköpings universitet åtog sig uppdraget då kursen TDDD96 Kandidatprojekt i programvaruutveckling hade sin start.

Målet med projektet var att ta fram en webbapplikation som kunde underlätta un- dersökning av ljudmaterial som blivit klassificerat med hjälp av ljudhändelsedetektering. Målet med rapporten var att besvara frågorna om hur systemet kunde implementeras för att skapa värde för kunden, vilka erfarenheter som går att dokumentera från projektet och vilket stöd som kan fås genom att skapa och följa upp en systemanatomi.

Rapportens resultat visar att värde för kunden skapas genom en väl genomarbetad kravspecifikation och frekventa statusuppdateringar till följd av en konsekvent och öppen dialog med kunden. Vidare visar rapporten på att tidig initiering av både process- och utvecklingsspecifika standarder gynnar både utvecklaren och kunden. Slutligen visar rap- porten att användandet av en systemanatomi skapar goda förutsättningar för att skapa en modulär produkt med god funktionalitet.

Syftet med examensarbetet var att hitta det mest lämpliga visualiseringsverktyget för att visualisera kodtäckningsdata åt utvecklare hos Saab Aeronautics. Arbetet inleddes med att hitta och undersöka befintliga visualiseringsverktyg, vilket resulterade i fyra potentiella mjukvarukandidater: Grafana, Knowage, Redash och TCV. För att utvärdera dessa kandidater användes utvärderingsmodellen Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Enligt AHP-modellen valdes ett antal kriterier för att utvärdera verktyget. Utvecklarnas åsikter om kriterierna, som samlades in genom en enkät, resulterade i vikter för att utvärdera verktygens egenskaper. Utvärderingen med AHP-modellen ledde till att Grafana fick högst poäng och ansågs därmed vara bäst lämpad för en testintegrering. Grafana integrerades i en testmiljö med syfte av att bedöma användbarheten hos verktyget. Själva bedömningen utfördes genom en enkät enligt System Usability Scale (SUS)-metoden. Baserat på tidigare undersökningar som använder sig av SUS-metoden resulterade utvärderingen i högsta betyg.

This report investigates how a telecommunication company might reduce its resource usage in terms of execution time by using Rust for the decompilation of ASN.1 messages. To contrast these results and to offer insights into other factors for choosing a language, the developer experience of Rust was also studied.

Interviews were conducted to get developers' input on aspects such as the learnability and ergonomics of Rust, and these were analyzed through a thematic analysis. This revealed that developers appreciated working with Rust, mainly due to its ease of use, its enforcement of good development standards, the helpfulness of the compiler, and the well-structured and understandable documentation.

Two ASN.1 decompiler implementations were made, one in C++ and one in Rust. Both decompilers invoked third-party C++ functions: in Rust, this was done by first wrapping them in C. The performance of both decompilers was measured during two benchmarking sessions, between which additional optimization was performed on both. The results were then compared statistically using the Mann-Whitney rank sum test method.

The first benchmarking session showed similar performance for both decompilers, despite the Rust implementation performing additional tasks by first wrapping the C++ functions in C. However, both decompilers contained unintentional copies of values in the C++ code, with the C++ decompiler containing the majority. In the second benchmarking session, the Mann-Whitney test showed that the Rust decompiler performed worse, with a mean difference of 85.19-91.36%. In practice, however, it is seldom efficient for most applications to try to optimize code to the point of being perfect. Therefore, the decompilers of the first benchmarking session are considered more representative of software in general as they had gone through a code check more like what is often performed in practice.

The interview and benchmarking results together show that in practice, Rust would likely be more resource-efficient, safer and more maintainable. This is because it prevents many bugs and likely leads to more well-structured applications of higher long-term quality, that perform at a level similar to C++ implementations for applications not put under exceptional scrutiny. Still, organizations integrating Rust into their code base would need to further evaluate factors such as Rust's toolchain support and scalability as well as the potential risks of it being a newer language.

When reading a text, it is common to get stuck on unfamiliar words that are difficult to understand in the local context. In these cases, we use dictionaries or similar online resources to find the general meaning of the word. However, maintaining a handwritten dictionary is highly resource demanding as the language is constantly developing, and using generative language models for producing definitions could therefore be a more efficient option. To explore this possibility, this thesis performs an online survey to examine if GPT could be useful for defining words. It also investigates how well the Swedish language model GPT-SW3 (3.5 b) define words compared to the model text-davinci-003, and how prompts should be formatted when defining words with these models. The results indicate that text-davinci-003 generates high quality definitions, and according to students t-test, the definitions received significantly higher ratings from participants than definitions taken from Svensk ordbok (SO). Furthermore, the results showed that GPT-SW3 (3.5 b) received the lowest ratings, indicating that it takes more investment to keep up with the big models developed by OpenAI. Regarding prompt formatting, the most appropriate prompt format for defining words is highly dependent on the model, and the results showed that text- davinci-003 performed well using zero-shot, while GPT-SW3 (3.5 b) required a few shot setting. Considering both the high quality of the definitions generated by text-davinci-003, and the practical advantages with generating definitions automatically, GPT could be a useful method for defining words.

As automation is on the rise in the world at large, the ability to automatically differentiate objects in datasets via machine learning is of growing interest. This report details an experimental evaluation of supervised learning on point cloud data using random forest with varying setups. Acquired via airborne LiDAR using drones, the data holds a 3D representation of a landscape area containing power line corridors. Segmentation was performed with the goal of isolating data points belonging to power line objects from the rest of the surroundings.

Pre-processing was performed on the data to extend the machine learning features used with geometry-based features that are not inherent to the LiDAR data itself. Due to how large-scale the data is, the labels were generated by the customer, Airpelago, and supervised learning was applied using this data. With their labels as benchmark, F₁ scores of over 90% could be generated for both of the classes pertaining to power line objects. The best results were obtained when the data classes were balanced and both relevant intrinsic and extended features were used for the training of the classification models.

This study presents several machine learning models tasked with gathering information about what happens in a table tennis match. This information includes the ball's position, identifying serves, and other events such as ball hits and bounces. The TTNet backbone demonstrated superior performance across all tasks, including inference time. The Classification Head achieved high accuracy (94.6%), F1 score (97.2%), and RMSE value (0.014) for ball detection, accurately predicting ball positions. The TTNet model with the Simple Event Head showed promise for event detection (97.5% accuracy, 80.4% F1 score). However, the dataset is heavily imbalanced and the models would probably benefit from a more balanced training set. Serve detection performance was subpar for all models (best F1 score: 42.1%), requiring significant dataset and model reconstruction. All top-performing models achieved fast inference speeds (<4 ms) on various devices, enabling real-time operation even on smartphones.

Med målet att landa fastvingedrönare på en liten yta utfördes ett projekt som implementerade en ballistisk landning i simulation. Projektet utfördes på initiativ av Sjöräddningssällskapet som har utvecklat en fastvingedrönare som behöver kunna landa på en båt. Projektet var en del av ett kandidatarbete inom ämnet programvaruteknik med syfte attbesvara hur landningen kunde skapa värde för kunden, vilka erfarenheter för framtidensom projektgruppen kunde dokumentera och vilket stöd projektgruppen fick från att använda en systemanatomi.

För att besvara frågeställningarna utarbetade projektgruppen en kravspecifikation och ensystemanatomi samt utförde projektet med kontinuerliga utvärderingar under projektetsgång. Vid utvecklingen användes en variant av Scrum. Som resultat implementerades engrundläggande version av en ballistisk landning. Dokument skapades för utvecklingenoch gemensamma erfarenheter samlades in genom utvärderingar och möten.

Projektgruppen fick många lärdomar om att arbeta i och planera större projekt vilket diskuteras i rapporten. Projektet och den utvecklade landningens hållbarhetsaspekter utvärderades.

This study investigates if the perceived trustworthiness of a web application can be improved as a result of improved navigability. To find an answer to this, a web applicationnamed BytaBostad was created. BytaBostad helps student get in touch with each otherand, by extension, exchange leasing contract. The work consisted of two iterations of theweb application and tests were performed after each iteration to be able to investigate thenavigability and the perceived trustworthiness. The web application was built up basedon theory as well as the responses from the test after the first iteration. The results from theSystem Usability Scale increased between the iterations from below the average value toslightly above the average value. The perceived trustworthiness followed the same trend,with the web application being perceived as more trustworthy. The changes made betweenthe two iterations consisted of changes in design, explanatory texts as well as how the useris sent between different pages. The changes correspond exclusively to improvements regarding navigability, which gave the conclusion that the navigability of a website is crucialfor it to be perceived as trustworthy.

Detta arbete har utforskat möjligheterna att exportera en ritning gjord i programvaran CET Designer och importera den i en iPad-applikation där man kan interagera med modellen i 3D med hjälp av enhetens multi-touchgränssnitt.

Exporten gjordes till formaten obj och mtl med hjälp av CET Designers egna programmeringsspråk, CM. Applikationen för iPad byggdes genom att vidareutveckla en existerade applikation för obj-import och visualisering.

Applikationen använder OpenGL ES för att visualisera 3Dmodellen, och ett antal fingergester användes för att manipulera scenen. Resultatet blev en prototyp som fick ett väldigt positivt resultat i ett användbarhetstest.

Det som kunde göras för att förbättra utkomsten ännu mer var att använda direkt manipulation för navigeringen för att ge en bättre användarupplevelse, samt optimera export och import för att få lägre laddningstider och kräva mindre prestanda i iPaden.  

More and more companies are working toward digitizing their workflow and this has increased the necessity of digital signatures.An important part of digital signatures is the authentication process which is heavily regulated for Swedish government agencies by DIGG, DIGG only allows the use of Security Assertion Mark-up Language(SAML) for authentication but are looking into also allowing OpenID Connect(OIDC) and together with Swedish OIDC working group produce a specification.This thesis is looking into this preliminary specification and exploring if OIDC can do everything that SAML can do in regards of digital signatures, and if the inclusion of OIDC would render SAML obsolete.This is explored by implementing OIDC in twoday's services that follow DIGG's specifications to see if there are needs that OpenID Connect cannot meet.From the restriction in the thesis there was nothing that SAML could do that OIDC could not do, On the contrary their are features in OIDC that SAML could not match.The inclussion of OIDC would not make SAML obsolete unless customers use-cases evolve to include the features that SAML could not match.

This study compares two commonly used communication architectural styles for distributed systems, REST and gRPC. With the increase of microservice usage when migrating from monolithic structures, the importance of network performance plays a significantly larger role. Companies rely on their users, and they demand higher performance for applications to enhance their experience. This study aims to determine which of these frameworks performs faster in different scenarios regarding response time. We performed four tests that reflect real-life scenarios within an established API and baseline performance tests to evaluate them. The results imply that gRPC performs better than REST the larger the size of transmitted data is. The study provides a brief understanding of how REST performs compared to newer frameworks and that exploring new options is valuable. A more in-depth evaluation is needed to understand the different factors of performance influences further.

When dealing with latency-critical applications in Kubernetes, a common strategy is to over-allocate resources to ensure the application can meet its latency guarantees during traffic surges. However, this practice often leads to resource underutilizationas the application will not fully utilize its reserved resources. The Kubernetes scheduler cannot initiate new workloads on the node because of perceived full resource utilization.

This study explored the utility of two existing methods, Container Runtime Interface (CRI-RM), which we configured to use the 'balloon policy' and the vertical Pod Autoscaler (VPA) in addressing resource underutilization problems on single node Kubernetes clusters while maintaining latency-grantees of certain pods. Utilizing tc-sim, a network traffic simulator, we deployed four latency-critical and two non-latency-critical pods, all subjected to overallocation.

Our finding reveals that VPA was ineffectivein detecting and addressing the underutilization of resources because of its slow response in adjusting requests inside the pods. Moreover, it worsened the underutilization issues of the node. Our configuration of the 'balloon policy' failed to detect theover-allocation issues and further led to performance degradation in the simulator, potentially due to the overhead introduced by CRI-RM. These results underscore the intricacy of over-allocation challenges in latency-critical applications, emphasizing the need for proposed-designed solutions that enable quick and dynamic exchange of resources between pods.

The cloud has become much more important and relevant to the IT industry in recentyears. Instead of buying and maintaining their own physical servers, companies now often opt for renting servers and services from cloud providers. These servers can be thought ofas abstract units of computing power that can be dynamically allocated or disposed of de-pending on need. Configuring such an infrastructure can be very complex and challenging.This is where Infrastructure as Code (IaC) comes into play.

Instead of having to manually create and configure each resource and their web of con-nections, IaC can be used to describe the desired state of the infrastructure in a declarativeway as code. The IaC tools will then take care of creating and configuring the resources inthe cloud to match that desired state.

There exists quite a few different IaC tools. This thesis will go through the IaC toolsAWS CDK and Pulumi and compare them to provide you with insight to help you choosewhich tool will fit you best. The focus will lie on the readability aspect of the tools.

This comparison was done by implementing a specific infrastructure using each ofthe tools and then comparing the implementations using a survey where people voted onwhich one they preferred as well as by using the metrics: Lines of Code (LOC), CyclomaticComplexity (CC) and Cognitive Complexity (COG).

The survey results showed that AWS CDK was generally preferred in terms of read-ability due to higher level abstractions and nicely provided resource defaults. However,Pulumi’s way of configuring stack specific variables using dedicated YAML files was pre-ferred as well as declaring the resources at the level, compared to inside a class as in AWSCDK. AWS CDK also had a better metrics score when looking at LOC and Cognitive Com-plexity, where Pulumi had a better CC score.

The command line interface (CLI) of the tools were also briefly evaluated to see if theyfollowed some of the recommended guidelines. Both AWS CDK and Pulumi followed mostof the guidelines. However, neither used stdout and stderr correctly and Pulumi did nothave an explicit flag for extracting the current CLI version.

As automotive development advances, connectivity features are continually added to vehicles that, in conjunction, form an Internet of Vehicles. For numerous reasons, it is vital for vehicle manufacturers to collect telemetry from their fleets. However, the volume of the generated data is too immense to feasibly be transmitted to a server due to CPU and memory limitations of embedded hardware and the monetary cost of cellular network usage. The purpose of this thesis is thus to investigate how these issues can be alleviated by the use of real-time compression of time series data before off-board transmission. A hybrid approach is proposed that results in fast and effective performance on a variety of time series exhibiting varying numerical data features, all while limiting the maximum reconstruction error to a user-specified absolute value.

We first perform a literature review to identify state of the art compression algorithms for time series compression that run online and provide max-error guarantees. We then choose a subset of lossless and lossy algorithms that are implemented and benchmarked with regards to their compression ratio, resource usage, and reconstruction error when used on time series that exhibit a variety of data features. Finally, we ask whether we are able to run a lossy and lossless algorithm in succession in order to further increase the compression ratio.

The literature review identifies a diverse range of compression algorithms. Out of these, the algorithms Poor Man's Compression - MidRange (PMC-MR) and Swing filter are selected as lossy algorithms, and Run-length Binary Encoding (RLBE) and Gorilla are selected as lossless algorithms.

The experiments yield positive results for the lossy algorithms, which excel on different data sets. These are able to achieve compression ratios between 22.0% and 99.5%, depending on the data set, while limiting the max-error to 1%. In contrast, Gorilla achieves compression ratios between 66.6% and 83.7%, outperforming RLBE in nearly all aspects. Moreover, we conclude that there is a strictly positive improvement to the compression ratio when losslessly compressing the result of lossily compressed data. When combining either PMC-MR or Swing filter with Gorilla, we achieve compression ratios between 83.1% and 99.6% across a variety of time series with a maximum error for any given data point of 1%.

This thesis presents the development and evaluation of context-aware Lexical Simplification (LS) systems for the Swedish language. In total three versions of LS models, LäsBERT, LäsBERT-baseline, and LäsGPT, were created and evaluated on a newly constructed Swedish LS evaluation dataset. The LS systems demonstrated promising potential in aiding audiences with reading difficulties by providing context-aware word replacements. While there were areas for improvement, particularly in complex word identification, the systems showed agreement with human annotators on word replacements.

The effects of fine-tuning a BERT model for substitution generation on easy-to-read texts were explored, indicating no significant difference in the number of replacements between fine-tuned and non-fine-tuned versions. Both versions performed similarly in terms of synonymous and simplifying replacements, although the fine-tuned version exhibited slightly reduced performance compared to the baseline model.

An important contribution of this thesis is the creation of an evaluation dataset for Lexical Simplification in Swedish. The dataset was automatically collected and manually annotated. Evaluators assessed the quality, coverage, and complexity of the dataset. Results showed that the dataset had high quality and a perceived good coverage. Although the complexity of the complex words was perceived to be low, the dataset provides a valuable resource for evaluating LS systems and advancing research in Swedish Lexical Simplification.

Finally, a more transparent and reader-empowering approach to Lexical Simplification isproposed. This new approach embraces the challenges with contextual synonymy and reduces the number of failure points in the conventional LS pipeline, increasing the chancesof developing a fully meaning-preserving LS system.

Links to different parts of the project can be found here:

• The Lexical Simplification dataset: https://github.com/emilgraichen/SwedishLSdataset
• The lexical simplification algorithm: https://github.com/emilgraichen/SwedishLexicalSimplifier

The ability to read and comprehend text is essential in everyday life. Some people, including individuals with dyslexia and cognitive disabilities, may experience difficulties with this. Thus, it is important to make textual information accessible to diverse target audiences. Automatic Text Simplification (ATS) techniques aim to reduce the linguistic complexity in texts to facilitate readability and comprehension. However, existing ATS systems often lack customization to specific user needs, and simplification data for languages other than English is limited. This thesis addressed ATS in a Swedish context, building upon novel methods that provide more control over the simplification generation process, enabling user customization. A dataset of Swedish paraphrases was mined from a large amount of text data. ATS models were then trained on this dataset utilizing prefix-tuning with control prefixes. Two sets of text attributes and their effects on performance were explored for controlling the generation. The first had been used in previous research, and the second was extracted in a data-driven way from existing text complexity measures. The trained ATS models for Swedish and additional models for English were evaluated and compared using SARI and BLEU metrics.

The results for the English models were consistent with results from previous research using controllable generation mechanisms, although slightly lower. The Swedish models provided significant improvements over the baseline, in the form of a fine-tuned BART model, and compared to previous Swedish ATS results. These results highlight the efficiency of using paraphrase data paired with controllable generation mechanisms for simplification. Furthermore, the different sets of attributes provided very similar results, pointing to the fact that both these sets of attributes manage to capture aspects of simplification. The process of mining paraphrases, selecting control attributes and other methodological implications are discussed, leading to suggestions for future research.

I dagsläget ställer sig många företag frågan om man ska uppgradera sina applikationer från Dotnet Framework till Dotnet 6. Saab AB är ett av dessa företag och har därför valt att undersöka möjligheten att migrera sin MSS applikation till Dotnet 6. De vill även veta hur stort jobb det skulle innebära att migrera från Dotnet Framework till Dotnet 6. För att migrera en applikation som använder det obsoleta ramverket WCF behöver det ersättas med antingen gRPC eller CoreWCF. Då MSS använder sig av WCF kommer den här rapporten rikta sig på den sistnämnda ersättningen, CoreWCF. Baserat på resultatet är det tydligt att det kommer krävas ett stort arbete för att få över MSS till Dotnet 6. Avslutningsvis ges förslag på vidare forskning inom området.

This thesis studies the characteristics of data hosted on the interplanetary name system, which is a part of the interplanetary file system. From these records, information such as file names, locations, and sizes, was investigated. Data was collected on the number of peers hosting the records, thereby determining the decentralization of the record on the network. Data on how often content on the network changes, were collected and investigated. In addition to evaluating records, a search engine was prototyped to show how to integrate the data into a system. A large part of the network was crawled and the rate of change was found to be high. Most of the peers were found to host HTML files. Most content identifiers found were hosted by more than one peer. This means that a search engine needs to be able to support text file formats and revisit peers regularly to be up-to-date with the records. 

One major issue that office workers face in their daily lives is a large amount of sedentary behavior. To help alleviate this, researchers at Linköping University are developing a collection of motion games to create natural and motivating active breaks named Liopep. This thesis presents the development and evaluation of one new game being added to Liopep called BoatSim. In BoatSim, the player makes real rowing motions in front of a web-camera to row a virtual boat between various islands, where they can grow crops, raise cows, etc. BoatSim was created in the game engine Godot, with a motion controller powered by Mediapipe Pose. The game was evaluated by repeated playtesting where data was gathered to determine how much movement was achieved by a player interacting with the various different parts of the game, and comparing these to each other.

The health sector is evolving at a rapid pace with a growing task force of health workers ready to defend us from various diseases. Emergency Medical Services(EMS) have therefore become extremely important to empower the health workers. In order to facilitate them to deliver the fast treatment to patients the fast transit of patients to the hospital and access to the right equipment is extremely crucial to save lives. UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) or drone is a promising candidate for the current problem. However, these drones are prone to be attacked by intruders with a few lines of code. This literature review will shed light on the security threat in the EMS to analyze the risk to UAVs.

This thesis presents a comprehensive research study aimed at designing an information dashboard to address the specific information needs of dairy farmers in relation to animal health and reproduction data. The research focused on answering two key research questions: (1) How can we determine which factors are most relevant in terms of farms productivity and wellbeing of its animals? and (2) How can we visualize the data and farms history in a meaningful way so that the owner can make sense of it and therefore make better decisions for future planning?To answer these questions, extensive user research was conducted within the dairy farming community, involving interviews, literature review and surveys. The findings revealed that dairy farmers required quick access to critical data related to animal health and reproduction to make informed decisions. Applying a user-centered design approach, iterative prototyping and usability testing sessions were conducted to refine the dashboard design based on feedback from farmers. The goal was to create a user-friendly tool that addressed the specific needs of dairy farmers, including clear differentiation between data pertaining to individual animals versus the entire herd.The outcome of this research was the development of an information dashboard that successfully met the information needs of dairy farmers. The dashboard provided easy access to essential data, empowering farmers to make informed decisions regarding animal health and reproduction.Further testing and refinement of the dashboard design are recommended to ensure its effectiveness and usability in real-world farming scenarios. Additionally, future investigations could explore the inclusion of breeding value information in the dashboard. This research contributes to the transformation of the dairy farming landscape, offering farmers enhanced information management capabilities and improved decision-making processes.

Digital Selective Calling (DSC) is a vital maritime communications and safety system, enabling ships in distress to alert nearby vessels and coast guard stations of their emergency. While DSC is suitable for calling, its technical format is substandard from a cybersecurity perspective. Specifically, this work aims to demonstrate that Very High Frequency (VHF) DSC distress calls can be spoofed using Software Defined Radio (SDR). A VHF DSC distress call encoder and VHF DSC SDR signal constructor were developed. The forged distress call was transmitted using various techniques to two different DSC decoder programs, as well as to the maritime VHF transceiver ICOM IC-M510. It was shown that all of the targeted DSC decoders were susceptible to spoofing. This thesis concludes that VHF DSC distress calls can be spoofed using SDR, and infers that the DSC system as a whole has inherent security vulnerabilities that need to be addressed to assure the safety of future seafaring.

In recent years, healthcare has been shifting toward a people-centred vision. Within the intersection connecting service design and healthcare innovation, co-design communication tools are increasingly being used to bring the voice of patients and their families into healthcare co-creation activities. Existing documented use of such tools primarily focuses on empathy and how designers derive inspiration from participants’ materials, while little draws on the actual design process and how design attributes can effectively support patients and their families in generating and expressing their dreams.

From this perspective, this thesis first analyses existing tools that aim to elicit participants’ self-expression and evoke their future-oriented thinking, which strategies for designing a tool that supports individuals in expressing their dreams are identified with a particular focus on materiality and visuality. Taking a research through design approach, this thesis enters into the extremely challenging rare disease context to design a toolkit to help family caregivers of people with ALS identify and convey their dreams for life after diagnosis. Through observations of participants’ interaction during the prototyping process, this study further demonstrates that considering both the vulnerability and intelligence of patients (families) in the design of tangible toolkits effectively breaks participants’ habitual perceptions and brings them to an imaginative space towards the future.

In doing so, co-design tools commonly used in service design can be better adapted to the healthcare context. Additionally, the thesis provides family caregivers’ questions, insights, and ideas about ALS healthcare services, thereby informing the future ALS healthcare innovation.

An order at a café involves mainly the customer, the café worker, and the cash register. Today, cash registers use a system called a Point of Sale (POS) system that manages the registration of an order as well as the payment. Because of this it is crucial for the tradition of “fika” in Sweden. Customer satisfaction is dependent on the efficiency of the ordering process, and it is therefore important to design the interface of the POS-system in a user-friendly way so that the ordering process can be streamlined. The purpose of this study was to develop a suggestion for the design of a POS-system that could streamline the ordering process.  

The study was divided into three phases: user research, design, and evaluation. The user research phase had a qualitive approach and was performed with contextual inquiry and semi-structured interviews with the goal to identify types of orders that are perceived as inefficient. Analysis of the data with an affinity diagram identified two types of orders: Orders with allergens and Orders with indirect, and these were further analyzed with hierarchical task analysis. Based on the results from the first phase, the design phase included specifying requirements, creating wireflows and the development of an interactive Hi-Fi prototype. The proposed prototype was evaluated by user tests made up by five tasks and measuring the variables expediency and satisfaction for these user tests. Additional qualitative data was collected with post-test questions. One of the two set minimal levels of acceptance of the usability measures was exceeded. Data collected with post-test questions were divided into categories of the three developed main functions of the prototype as well as appreciated features and areas of improvement. Conclusion was that an interface of a POS-system for the café industry probably can streamline the ordering process by using a user-focused approach of research, however this research must be made by the companies developing the POS-systems.

Museums are places that serve to preserve and present arts and historical artifacts for the public. Visiting museums is not only educational but also enjoyable, particularly when shared with a group. In this thesis, we developed a museum guide application prototype that implements distributed user interface (DUI), starting with a set of initial requirements. We distributed components of the application using Marve, a DUI framework. The prototype allows user to initiate an empty virtual room at a museum station. Thereafter the user can invite others to join the room by sharing a room number via QR-code. Additionally, we conducted a semi-structured workshop to interview a domain expert, an experienced museum staff, and use the prototype as a model to gather more detailed and accurate requirements. This thesis can serve as a foundation for similar future works utilizing distributed user interface technology.

I Linköping behöver 85 % av universitetsstudenter en utklädnad minst två gånger om året, men det finns ingen enkel, hållbar väg för dem att skaffa en. Detta projekt syftar till att fylla det här behovet genom att skapa en webbapplikation som fungerar dels som en onlinebutik och dels är en plattform där studenter kan köpa och sälja begagnade utklädnader. Fokus för projektet är att utveckla en sida med tilltalande design och enkel navigerbarhet som tilltalar studenter, med insikter från tidigare forskning inom området och två användartester. Resultaten tyder på att det är möjligt att skapa en omtyckt webbapplikation genom en iterativ approach baserad på teori om navigerbarhet och design tillsammans med användartester. Utformningen av andra välkända webbplatser bör beaktas vid utformning av webbapplikationen, och en design med lågt djup och smal bredd visade sig vara lättnavigerad för användaren. Att få feedback från webbplatsen är viktigt för tydlighet och ger användaren självförtroende. Att låta användare nå samma sida på olika sätt minskar risken för vilsenhet och förbättrar den övergripande användarupplevelsen.

This thesis presents the design and development of an innovative exergame aimed atcombating the adverse effects of sedentary lifestyles, particularly prevalent among officeworkers and gamers. The game, built using the open-source Godot game engine andGoogle's MediaPipe machine learning framework, utilizes motion capture technology totranslate real-world player movements into in-game actions. Designed as a 2D miningadventure, the game encourages the player to physically move, promoting physical activityand improved blood flow. In addition to exploring the technical aspects of gamedevelopment, this thesis examines the broader context of sedentary lifestyles, the healthrisks associated, and the potential of exergames as a solution. The research question drivingthis project asks, "How to develop a 2d mining exergame where skill correlates with a highdegree of movement?" Through game development, user testing, and data evaluation, thiswork seeks to contribute to the growing field of exergames and their role in promotinghealthier lifestyles

Migraine is ranked as the third most widespread disease in the world by Global burden of Disease and study 2010. To reduce pressure on health care and also help patientsunderstand their condition, mobile health applications have become increasingly popularand accessible. These applications help by providing disease information, to documentsymptoms and analyze attack patterns. However, there is both a lack of patient centeredperspective and scientific based knowledge behind the design of these applications. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore what might affect the patients’ motivationto use a mobile application to explore their condition. This by looking into how these applications can be designed so that patients’ find them helpful and easy to use. This wasdone by doing a qualitative interview study with ten patients with severe migraine andanalyzing the transcribed data through a reflexive thematic analysis. The thematic analysis resulted in three overarching themes personal motivations of exploring migraine, healthcare related motivations of exploring migraine, and technical support for motivation of exploringmigraine. Each overarching theme contained themes and sub-themes that are backed up byquotes in the data from the interviews. Also a proposal on how to visualize the threeoverarching themes in relation to each other is presented.In conclusion, designing applications that help with acceptance of condition, adaptivecontent and functionality, and deciding on a specific target patient group, are central findings of this study. Directives from health care was found to be the largest motivationaldrive in this study and could further be explored to work better with migraine applications.

Design systems have become increasingly popular among designers and organizations, as they provide a structured approach to design and help ensure consistency across both products and services. However, there is limited previous research on the advantages and disadvantages of design systems and their impact on usability. This thesis aims to fill this gap by exploring the use of design systems and their impact on the design process and usability of systems at Sveriges Television (SVT). The research methodology used in this thesis was a qualitative approach that consisted of semi-structured interviews and a focus group interview. The research questions were: “What advantages and disadvantages do people with UX-related positions at SVT see with the use of Design Systems?”, “What would a design system contribute with in regards to usability and ease of use in SVT's internal systems?” and “What could a proposal of guidelines for a design system at SVT look like?”. The study provides valuable insights into the advantages and disadvantages of design systems and their possible impact on usability. Design systems can increase effectiveness in the design process as well as provide structure and organization to the design resources. However, they also come with time and resource costs as well as a decrease in creative freedom. Design systems can aid usability by providing consistency and making it easier for users to navigate and understand products and services. Designers should also involve end users in the design process to ensure that the systems are made for the user instead of only solving the problem.

Företag som Airbnb, Google och IBM har förändrat sättet de designar digitala produkter på genom att integrera sina egna unika designsystem. Med hjälp av repeterbara komponenter, tillsammans med en uppsättning standarder som vägledning för hur dessa komponenter ska nyttjas, har alla dessa företag kunnat effektivisera skapandet och innovationen inom sina designteam. Syftet med följande studie var att undersöka hur ett sådant system bör utformas för att kunna användas inom en webbyrås verksamhet och om förebildsanalys kan vara en lämplig metod att nyttja vid utformningen. Arbetet ämnar således att besvara två frågeställningar: 1) Hur kan ett dynamiskt designsystem utformas för att tillgodose webbyråns behov? 2) Är förebildsanalys ett passande metodval vid utformningen av ett dynamiskt designsystem? För att besvara frågeställningarna har en förstudie i form av intervjuer genomförts med utvecklare och produktägare på en webbyrå. Tillsammans med en förebildsanalys och ett teoretiskt ramverk för visuell användbarhet utgör de grunden för designarbetet. För att utvärdera den slutgiltiga designen genomfördes en avslutande workshop med informanterna som intervjuades under förstudien. Arbetet landade i en generell verktygslåda, bestående av en samling text-, bild- och videoblock som sedan nyttjades för att ta fram de slutgiltiga visuella mallförslagen. De utgör tillsammans studiens huvudsakliga kunskapsbidrag, ett uppdelat designsystem. Resultatet visade även att en förebildsanalys kan bidra med viktiga insikter, både av estetisk och strukturell karaktär, som i sin tur kan utgöra en väsentlig grund till designprocessen.  

With the exponential growth of virtualization and cloud computing over the last decade, many companies in the telecommunications sector have started their journey towards cloud migration by exchanging a lot of specialized hardware for virtualized solutions. With more and more applications running in a cloud environment, it became essential to run these applications on heterogeneous systems with shared underlying hardware and software resources. However, running these applications in a heterogeneous cloud environment often leads to  unpredictable and non-deterministic performance, as all the applications compete for the shared resources to improve their individual performance. This becomes a problem when the interference from the co-hosted applications starts affecting the performance of the critical applications running on the same server. Ericsson is therefore investigating a solution to dynamically manage the low-level hardware and software resources to get deterministic performance on applications deployed using Kubernetes. 

In this thesis, the Intent Driven Orchestration (IDO) model developed by Intel is used as the baseline model. This model was then extended by adding another tool to the setup called Container Runtime Interface-Resource Manager (CRI-RM), which is used to manipulate low-level software and hardware resources managed by a Kubernetes cluster at runtime.

The results achieved in this thesis suggest that it is possible to get deterministic performance for an application deployed using Kubernetes, by identifying and isolating the CPU cores in the cluster on which the application is running.

There have been an increase of certain health risks since more and more people sit infront of their computer for longer periods of time. Studies show that there is a need of morephysical activity for people who are living a more sedentary lifestyle. This thesis suggesta solution, the design of an exergame where people can take a 2-minute brake to preventa decline of their health. This thesis researches how to design an exergame in such a waywhere high scores will lead to more movement while playing the game. The creators of thegame collects data by playing the game for 100 play sessions each where the collected dataconsists of total movement, different jumps and high score.

With the modernization of our society it has become more common to live a sedentary lifestyle. Nowadays a large percentage of people are required to sit for prolonged periods of time during office hours. This thesis presents the development and evaluation of an two-dimensional platformer exercise game, called Cave Copt, which was developed for Liopep. Liopep is an offshoot research program at Linköping University that aims to reduce periods of sedentary work through the use of gamification concepts.

The objective of the game is to gather resources by navigating a helicopter through a large cave system. The helicopter can be controlled by using the player's physical movement as input for the game. This is done by using a machine learning algorithm called Pose, that is based on Google's MediaPipe framework, which can provide human pose tracking data.

In order to answer the research questions, the game was played 100 times by the developerwhile relevant data was saved. Results show a slight upwards trend of player movement with each session played. The results also show that certain game mechanics, including level design and scoring systems, can increase the amount of motion experienced by the player.