Cycling is a sustainable transport mode,especially in urban areas for short distances. Electric bikesand electric scooters are increasingly emerging into trafficnetwork in cities in Sweden due to advantages related toaccessibility, environment, etc. However, they bringquestions in terms of traffic risk and accidents. The roadinfrastructure must be adapted to accommodate theincreasing share of these new types of bikes in traffic. Thestudy will assess both bikes and e-bikes safety according toexposure, risk and consequences. The study will reviewrelevant literature on Traffic Calming Measures (TCMs). Itwill develop a conceptual framework to determine theimpact of different TCMs (horizontal and vertical) on trafficsafety for both traditional and e-bikes safety. Accident datafrom the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition(STRADA) will be collected and analysed in order toidentify roundabouts (as a chosen type of TCMs) with highaccidents rates for cyclists in Norrkoping city in Sweden. 

Most accidents occur in urban areas, and the most related casualties are vulnerable road users (pedestrians and cyclists). The traffic calming measures (TCMs) are widely used and considered to be successful in reducing speed and traffic volume. However, TCMs create unwanted effects include: noise, emissions, energy consumption, vehicle delays and emergency response time (ERT). Different vertical and horizontal TCMs have been already applied nationally (Sweden) and internationally with different impacts. It is a big challenge among traffic engineers, planners, and policy-makers to choose and priorities the best TCMs to be implemented. This study will assess the existing guidelines for TCMs in relation to safety and ERT with focus on data from Norrkoping city in Sweden. The expected results will save lives, time, and money on particularly Swedish Roads. The study will also review newly technologies and how they can improve safety and reduce ERT.

Traffic calming measures, such as speed bumps and elevated crossing points, are used to reduce speed, to prevent overtaking and generally contribute to a safer traffic situation. However, they might also cause increased response times for rescue vehicles (e.g. ambulances or fire trucks). An alternative to the conventional traffic calming measures is so-called smart traffic calming measures. These can determine when a vehicle approaches, whose journey should not be hindered, and adjust to allow for free passage for this vehicle.

This report gives an overview of the problem, and some examples of smart  traffic calming measures are discussed. Special focus is put on the wireless communication necessary to detect emergency vehicles. Furthermore, existing challenges and possible solutions for traffic calming measures and the communication needed to make them smart are discussed.

Trafiklugnande åtgärder, såsom vägbulor och förhöjda övergångsställen, används för att minska hastigheten, hindra farliga omkörningar och generellt bidra till en säkrare trafiksituation. Dock kan de också bidra till att insatstiderna för räddningsfordon (t.ex. ambulanser eller räddningstjänstens släckbilar) förlängs. Ett alternativ till de konventionella trafiklugnande åtgärderna, är s.k. smarta trafiklugnade åtgärder. Dessa kan avgöra när ett fordon närmar sig, vars färd inte bör hindras, och anpassa sig så att fri färd för detta fordon tillåts.

I denna rapport ges en översikt av problemet, och några exempel på smarta trafiklugnade åtgärder diskuteras, med fokus på sådana som hämtar information och styrs med hjälp av trådlös kommunikation. Vidare diskuteras existerande utmaningar och möjliga lösningar för trafiklugnande åtgärder och den kommunikation som krävs för att göra dem smarta.

A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies implemented will meet stated targets at city and national levels. Although road safety performance is a result of many key indicators, only a few of these indicators are generally considered in monitoring the performance of road safety in a city and in comparison to other cities. A number of monitoring systems are already being developed and used in road safety and they range from relatively simple models to highly complex ones depending on the number of indicators involved, details of data and complexity of methods used in calculations and analysis. In road safety, there are three main types of monitoring that are generally used, which are: Process Monitoring, Outcome Monitoring and Target Monitoring. The aim of this paper is to provide the importance and usefulness of having a fourth type of monitoring, so-called Integrated Monitoring, that links process, outcome and targets together. The paper also provides a conceptual overview, and illustrations that are used in the construction of the integrated monitoring system.

A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies implemented will meet stated targets at city and national levels. Although road safety performance is a result of many key indicators, only a few of these indicators are generally considered in monitoring the performance of road safety in a city and in comparison to other cities. A number of monitoring systems are already being developed and used in road safety and they range from relatively simple models to highly complex ones depending on the number of indicators involved, details of data and complexity of methods used in calculations and analysis. In road safety, there are three main types of monitoring that are generally used, which are: Process Monitoring, Outcome Monitoring and Target Monitoring. The aim of this paper is to provide the importance and usefulness of having a fourth type of monitoring, so-called Integrated Monitoring, that links process, outcome and targets together. The paper also provides a conceptual overview, and illustrations that are used in the construction of the integrated monitoring system. © 2011 WIT Press.