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Pilemalm, Sofie, ProfessorORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-4677-1949
Alternative names
Publications (10 of 74) Show all publications
Pilemalm, S. (2025). Civila insatspersoner: IT-stöd för utlarmning och koordinering av frivilliga: Delrapport 2. Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Civila insatspersoner: IT-stöd för utlarmning och koordinering av frivilliga: Delrapport 2
2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Civila insatspersoner 3(4)
Abstract [sv]

Den här rapporten är en delrapport som tillsammans med en sammanfattande huvudrapport och ytterligare två delrapporter sammanställer och fördjupar resultatet av flera års forskning runt civila insatspersoner (CIP) – frivilliga som samarbetar med kommunal räddningstjänst och larmas på exempelvis hjärtstopp, mindre bränder, trafikolyckor och drunkning. Rapporten ska ses som lite av en handbok i att införa CIP – från rekrytering till upprätthållande – vilka är framgångsfaktorerna och hur undviker man fallgroparna? Dessutom jämförs CIP i landsbygdsmiljö och stadsmiljö. Tillsammans täcker rapporterna aspekter av organisation, utbildning, lagstiftning och IT-stöd för utlarmning och koordinering av CIP. Den här delrapporten fokuserar på IT-stödet för verksamheten, och på kravställning, både av system för utlarmning och koordinering av CIP.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. p. 29
Series
CARER Report ; 50
National Category
Public Administration Studies War, Crisis, and Security Studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-214499 (URN)10.3384/9789181182026 (DOI)9789181182026 (ISBN)
Note

Granskning:

Externt granskad av Brandskyddsföreningen (uppdragsgivaren) och Jesper Boqvist 

Finansiering:

Brandskyddsföreningen med motfinansiering för Centrum för forskning inom respons- och räddningssystem (CARER) 

Available from: 2025-06-09 Created: 2025-06-09 Last updated: 2025-06-10
Sköld Gustafsson, V., Andersson Granberg, T., Hjerpe, M., Pilemalm, S. & Waldemarsson, M. (2025). Effektiv hantering av multipla naturhändelser – kartläggning och beslutsstödsutveckling. Linköing: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effektiv hantering av multipla naturhändelser – kartläggning och beslutsstödsutveckling
Show others...
2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Denna slutrapport från EMMUNE-projektet fokuserar på hur kunskap om interaktioner mellan naturhändelser kan användas för att förbättra beredskap och respons i det svenska räddningssystemet. Projektet pågick mellan 2019 och 2025 och finansierades av MSB och Formas. Det omfattar fyra delstudier.

Den första delstudien utvecklade ett nationellt ramverk för att identifiera och klassificera interaktioner mellan naturhändelser i Sverige. Genom analys av litteratur, myndighetsdata och expertworkshops identifierades 77 parvisa interaktioner, särskilt kopplade till värmeböljor, kraftig nederbörd, översvämningar och skogsbränder. Dessa interaktioner kategoriserades enligt ett ramverk som inkluderar kaskadeffekter, förändrad predisposition, ökad risk och samtidiga utbrott.

Den andra delstudien analyserade behovet av beslutsstöd för hantering av denna typ av händelser, genom intervjuer med aktörer som räddningstjänst, MSB och länsstyrelser. Med hjälp av aktivitetsteori identifierades 13 motsättningar i planerings- och beslutsaktiviteter, vilket tydliggjorde behovet av beslutsstödsverktyg för resursplanering och hantering av komplexa händelser.

De två avslutande delstudierna utvecklade och testade datorbaserade beslutsstödsverktyg. Det första verktyget optimerar placeringen av flygande brandbekämpningsresurser baserat på brandriskprognoser. Det andra fördelar resurser för översvämningsskydd utifrån samhällsvärde och prognosdata. Båda verktygen visade god prestanda och användbarhet i simuleringar och utvärderingar med slutanvändare.

Rapporten bidrar både vetenskapligt och praktiskt genom att kombinera klimatrelaterad riskforskning med konkret utveckling av beslutsstöd. Den visar hur evidensbaserad kunskap om naturhändelsers interaktioner kan operationaliseras i verktyg som stärker samhällets förmåga att hantera framtida klimatrelaterade kriser.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköing: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025
Series
CARER Report ; 52
National Category
Environmental Sciences Civil Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-218506 (URN)10.3384/9789181183474 (DOI)978-91-8118-347-4 (ISBN)
Note

Granskning:

En remissversion färdigställdes i juni 2025, och skickades ut för granskning till referensgruppen för projektet. Efter mottagna synpunkter från MSB reviderades rapporten. 

Available from: 2025-10-06 Created: 2025-10-06 Last updated: 2025-11-17
Pilemalm, S., Stenberg, R., Alkusaibati, W. & Ennab Vogel, N. (2025). Hur kan vi arbeta med civila insatspersoner som första insatsaktörer?: Huvudrapport. Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hur kan vi arbeta med civila insatspersoner som första insatsaktörer?: Huvudrapport
2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Civila insatspersoner 1(4)
Abstract [sv]

Den här rapporten sammanställer flera års forskning runt civila insatspersoner (CIP) – frivilliga som samarbetar med kommunal räddningstjänst och larmas på exempelvis hjärtstopp, mindre bränder, trafikolyckor och drunkning. Rapporten ska ses som lite av en handbok i att införa CIP – från rekrytering till upprätthållande – vilka är framgångsfaktorerna och hur undviker man fallgroparna? Dessutom jämförs CIP i landsbygdsmiljö och stadsmiljö. Rapporten täcker aspekter av organisation, utbildning, lagstiftning och IT-stöd för utlarmning och koordinering av CIP. En rad behov och förslag på lösningar ges. Dessutom visar den på effekter av CIP såsom kortade responstider och en ökad känsla av trygghet och samhörighet i lokalsamhället.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. p. 30
Series
CARER Report ; 48
National Category
Public Administration Studies War, Crisis, and Security Studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-214485 (URN)10.3384/9789181182033 (DOI)9789181182033 (ISBN)
Note

Granskning:

Har granskats av Jesper Bokvist, Brandskyddsföreningen som är uppdragsgivare.

Finansiering:

Brandskyddsföreningen och Centrum inom forskning - för respons och räddningssystem

Available from: 2025-06-09 Created: 2025-06-09 Last updated: 2025-06-19
Pilemalm, S., Stenberg, R. & Finnevidsson, E. (2025). Interdependent Digitalized Co-production of Emergency Response: Requirements and Challenges. In: Proceedings of the International Conference for Information Systems in Crisis Management: . Paper presented at International Conference for Information Systems in Crisis Management (ISCRAM).
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Interdependent Digitalized Co-production of Emergency Response: Requirements and Challenges
2025 (English)In: Proceedings of the International Conference for Information Systems in Crisis Management, 2025Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

There is an increased need for organized forms of volunteerism in emergency response but there is little research on how to implement them. We describe the form as interdependent digitalized co-production and contribute with a requirements specification of how local initiatives of collaboration between rescue services and volunteer first responders can expand through national coordination – for use in small emergencies and large-scale crises. Requirements are identified in relation to the individual, organization, society and information technology (ICT) support. Identified organizational and ICT-(inter)related challenges concern unclear mandatorship and brand, double private-state roles of the alarm operator, inability to make use of local knowledge and end-user perspectives in the ICT-development. Connecting this to theoretical contributions, we argue that there is a need to renew existing typologies of digitalized co-production, e.g., integrating perspectives from institutional isomorphisms.

Keywords
Emergency response, volunteerism, digitalization, co-production
National Category
Media and Communications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-213923 (URN)10.59297/9rce7z51 (DOI)
Conference
International Conference for Information Systems in Crisis Management (ISCRAM)
Available from: 2025-05-26 Created: 2025-05-26 Last updated: 2025-06-04
Pilemalm, S. & Alkusaibati, W. (2025). Så fungerar Civila insatspersoner - organisation, juridik, effekter och utvärdering: Delrapport 1. Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Så fungerar Civila insatspersoner - organisation, juridik, effekter och utvärdering: Delrapport 1
2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Civila insatspersoner 2(4)
Abstract [sv]

Den här rapporten sammanställer flera års forskning runt civila insatspersoner (CIP) – frivilliga som samarbetar med kommunal räddningstjänst och larmas på exempelvis hjärtstopp, mindre bränder, trafikolyckor och drunkning. Rapporten ska ses som lite av en handbok i att införa CIP – från rekrytering till upprätthållande – vilka är framgångsfaktorerna och hur undviker man fallgroparna? Dessutom jämförs CIP i landsbygdsmiljö och stadsmiljö. Rapporten täcker aspekter av organisation, utbildning, lagstiftning och IT-stöd för utlarmning och koordinering av CIP. En rad behov och förslag på lösningar ges. Ett exempel på införande av CIP införande i en räddningstjänst (Räddningstjänsten Östra Götaland) visar på hur man kan arbeta. Dessutom visar rapporten på effekter av CIP såsom kortade responstider och en ökad känsla av trygghet och samhörighet i lokalsamhället. Den visar också att CIP är villiga att bidra även till större händelser, kriser och till ett civilt försvar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. p. 32
Series
CARER Report ; 49
National Category
Public Administration Studies War, Crisis, and Security Studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-214488 (URN)10.3384/9789181182019 (DOI)9789181182019 (ISBN)
Note

Granskning:

Externt granskad av Brandskyddsföreningen (uppdragsgivaren) och Jesper Boqvist 

Finansiering:

Brandskyddsföreningen med motfinansiering för Centrum för forskning inom respons- och räddningssystem (CARER) 

Available from: 2025-06-09 Created: 2025-06-09 Last updated: 2025-06-10
Mohamed, M. Y. & Pilemalm, S. (Eds.). (2025). Towards Dual Use of Volunteers in Small and Large Emergencies: Comparing Emerging Volunteer Initiatives. Paper presented at 22nd International ISCRAM Conference, Halifax, Canada: Managing and Responding to Coastal Disasters and Climate Change. Halifax, Canada: ISCRAM
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards Dual Use of Volunteers in Small and Large Emergencies: Comparing Emerging Volunteer Initiatives
2025 (English)Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In crisis management, most studies on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) focus on spontaneous volunteers using social media for information dissemination or self-deployment to the incident site. However, there is also growing research on more organized forms where volunteers act as first responders to small, frequent emergencies. They are potential useful but unused resources in larger crises contributing to community and society resilience. To identify their potential for dual use, we must first understand their contributions to small-scale emergencies. This study describes and compares different volunteer initiatives in Sweden in terms of recruitment, willingness to collaborate with other volunteers, tasks, ICT utilization, challenges and needs. The findings indicate that volunteers possess significant capacity for responding to small-scale emergencies, which can be utilized for large-scale crises. They demonstrate a strong willingness to collaborate with other volunteers, have dual roles with diverse skillsets and can stay a long-time span at incident sites supporting victims, e.g., distributing food and medicine.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Halifax, Canada: ISCRAM, 2025. p. 12
Keywords
Volunteer initiatives, emergency and crisis management, ICT support, societal resilience
National Category
Information Systems, Social aspects
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-213925 (URN)10.59297/gk25sv64 (DOI)
Conference
22nd International ISCRAM Conference, Halifax, Canada: Managing and Responding to Coastal Disasters and Climate Change
Available from: 2025-05-26 Created: 2025-05-26 Last updated: 2025-06-04Bibliographically approved
Alkusaibati, W. & Pilemalm, S. (2024). Digitalized Co-production of Emergency Response: Dispatch and On-Site Work by Volunteer First Responders. In: Dugdale, J., Gjøsæter, T., Uchida,O. (Ed.), Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction: (ITDRR 2023 2023). Paper presented at 8th International Conference on Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction (ITDRR), Tokyo, JAPAN, DEC 04-06, 2023 (pp. 20-37). , 706
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Digitalized Co-production of Emergency Response: Dispatch and On-Site Work by Volunteer First Responders
2024 (English)In: Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction: (ITDRR 2023 2023) / [ed] Dugdale, J., Gjøsæter, T., Uchida,O., 2024, Vol. 706, p. 20-37Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Using volunteers as first responders in frequent emergencies has during the recent decade received increased attention from research and practice. In this study, we focus on the ICT dispatch of volunteer first responders, and their onsite work and collaboration, e.g., as to ICT dispatch, response rates, response times, time-on-site, and tasks performed. We use incident reports filled in by the volunteers and the theoretical lens of digitalized co-production. The results point at a positive effect of using volunteers as first responders, e.g., shortened response times and concrete contributions in most cases, indicating cost-effectiveness. The ICT for dispatch, however, is a challenging part of the co-production, lacking above all, in geofencing, but also in functionality for dynamic resource allocation. Most of the volunteers are willing to contribute to large-scale crisis management, making them a future useful resource in this context. Implications for digitalized co-production are discussed.

Series
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology ((IFIPAICT,volume 706)), ISSN 1868-4238, E-ISSN 1868-422X
Keywords
ICT, Digitalized co-production, Emergency response, volunteer
National Category
Information Systems, Social aspects Public Administration Studies
Research subject
Economic Information Systems; Disaster Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-206923 (URN)10.1007/978-3-031-64037-7_2 (DOI)001297954000002 ()2-s2.0-85199641079 (Scopus ID)9783031640377 (ISBN)9783031640360 (ISBN)
Conference
8th International Conference on Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction (ITDRR), Tokyo, JAPAN, DEC 04-06, 2023
Available from: 2024-08-26 Created: 2024-08-26 Last updated: 2025-05-28
Sköld Gustafsson, V., Andersson Granberg, T., Pilemalm, S. & Waldemarsson, M. (2024). Identifying decision support needs for emergency response to multiple natural hazards: an activity theory approach. Natural Hazards, 120, 2777-2802
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Identifying decision support needs for emergency response to multiple natural hazards: an activity theory approach
2024 (English)In: Natural Hazards, ISSN 0921-030X, E-ISSN 1573-0840, Vol. 120, p. 2777-2802Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Planning and decision making in emergency response systems face new challenges due to climate changes and the increased risk of multiple or compound natural hazards. This is especially the case in areas with inexperience of such events. The aim of this paper is to identify important activities concerning planning and decision-making during responses to natural hazards, and their potential need for decision support. The knowledge base of the study consists of interviews with 12 representatives from the Swedish emergency response system, supplemented by documents covering policies, operations, and responsibility. Thematic coding was applied to the interview data for identification of important planning and decision activities. Needs of decision support were identified by applying activity theory to the identified activities. We found needs of decision support connected to eight identified key activities concerning consequence analysis, national reinforcements, and resource management. The results illuminate a lack of technology to support response activities during both single and multiple natural hazards. The findings can inform policy makers of emergency response of where to concentrate the development of tools for collaborative preparedness and response work to cope with future challenges from natural hazards.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2024
Keywords
Emergency response, Natural hazards, Planning, Decision support
National Category
Human Geography
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-199799 (URN)10.1007/s11069-023-06305-2 (DOI)001113698400001 ()
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2019-06052Linköpings universitet
Note

Funding: Myndigheten fr Samhllsskydd och Beredskap; Center for Advanced Research in Emergency Response (CARER); Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency [2019-06052]; FORMAS, a Swedish research council for sustainable development

Available from: 2023-12-20 Created: 2023-12-20 Last updated: 2025-07-24Bibliographically approved
Pilemalm, S. & Alkusaibati, W. (2024). Towards a New Typology of Digitalized Co-production: Implementing Local Emergency Response Initiatives Nationwide. Digital Government: Research and Practice, 5(4), 1-24
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards a New Typology of Digitalized Co-production: Implementing Local Emergency Response Initiatives Nationwide
2024 (English)In: Digital Government: Research and Practice, E-ISSN 2639-0175, Vol. 5, no 4, p. 1-24Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In Sweden, a decade ago, digitalized co-production emergency response initiatives of a hybrid bottom-up type emerged. They targeted local efforts to recruit groups of citizens to provide first respons for other citizens in accidents. Benefits in terms of shorter response times, saved lives, reduced human suffering, and material damage have been demonstrated. Recently, national authorities recognized the need to support the initiatives to expand to all rescue services, and the potential to scale up the use of citizen first responders, also in large-scale crisis management and as part of civil preparedness. Previous research has studied the initiatives and developed three models aimed at supporting the implementation of digitalized co-production. In this study, we report from the initial phase of the nationwide effort, carry out an initial evaluation, and present revised models. The models are adapted to rural versus urban settings and complemented with a model providing national support. Information and communication technology plays a crucial role in all of them. We define the hybrid type as interdependent digitalized co-production where government citizen sourcing is not direct but includes the intermediate level of the rescue services. Implications are discussed, e.g., on how to achieve a balance between centralization and decentralization.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Association for Computing Machinery, 2024
Keywords
Digitalization, emergency response, co-production, citizen engagement
National Category
Information Systems, Social aspects
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-207704 (URN)10.1145/3696007 (DOI)2-s2.0-85213278627 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency
Available from: 2024-09-17 Created: 2024-09-17 Last updated: 2025-10-07Bibliographically approved
Alkusaibati, W. & Pilemalm, S. (2023). Digitalized Co-production and Volunteerism in Emergency Response: a Literature Review. In: Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi (Ed.), Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference: . Paper presented at 20th Annual Global Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2023), 28-31 May Omaha, USA (pp. 738-750). Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Digitalized Co-production and Volunteerism in Emergency Response: a Literature Review
2023 (English)In: Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference / [ed] Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi, Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM , 2023, p. 738-750Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

ICT-enabled or digitalized co-production of public services has become increasingly relevant to emergency response and crisis management. This study provides a literature review on this phenomenon, exploring both large-scale crises and frequent emergencies. We found that research in the domain is scarce and focuses mainly on the phenomenon in terms of digital volunteerism. In large-scale crises, they mostly refer to spontaneous forms of volunteering, and in smaller emergencies, to more organized volunteers that collaborate with a response organization over time. Similarities to digitalized co-production in the public sector generally include financial, administrative, ICT, and demographic factors. Differences include, e.g., aspects of coordination, support, and processing by formal actors. We argue that there are benefits of adding a theoretical co-production perspective to digital volunteerism in emergency response and that our literature review can guide future research on models and (the double) use of volunteers in both kinds of emergencies.   

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM, 2023
Series
ISCRAM International Conference on Information Systems, E-ISSN 2411-3387
Keywords
Digital, co-production, volunteers, emergency response, crisis response
National Category
Information Systems, Social aspects Information Systems, Social aspects
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-197659 (URN)979-8-218-21749-5 (ISBN)
Conference
20th Annual Global Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2023), 28-31 May Omaha, USA
Available from: 2023-09-06 Created: 2023-09-06 Last updated: 2025-02-17
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-4677-1949

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