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Törnqvist, T., Lindh, A., Jensen, C. B., Iversen, A. & Tingström, P. (2023). Are the stars aligned? Healthcare students’ conditions for negotiating tasks and competencies during interprofessional clinical placement. BMC Medical Education, 23(1), Article ID 648.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Are the stars aligned? Healthcare students’ conditions for negotiating tasks and competencies during interprofessional clinical placement
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2023 (English)In: BMC Medical Education, E-ISSN 1472-6920, Vol. 23, no 1, article id 648Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BackgroundHealthcare students must learn to collaborate across professional boundaries so they can make use of each other’s knowledge and competencies in a way that benefits the patient. One aspect of interprofessional collaboration implies negotiating what needs to be done and by whom. Research, focused on the conditions under which students perform this negotiation when they are working together during interprofessional clinical placement, needs to be further developed. The study therefore aimed to explore students’ negotiation of tasks and competencies when students are working together as an interprofessional team during clinical placement.

MethodsThe study was designed as a focused ethnographic observational study. Two Nordic sites where final-year healthcare students perform clinical interprofessional education were included. Data consists of fieldnotes, together with informal conversations, group, and focus group interviews. In total, 160 h of participating observations and 3 h of interviews are included in the study. The analysis was informed by the theory on communities of practice.

ResultsStudents relate to intersecting communities of practice when they negotiate what they should do to help a patient and who should do it. When the different communities of practice align, they support students in coming to an agreement. However, these communities of practice sometimes pulled the students in different directions, and negotiations were sometimes interrupted or stranded. On those occasions, observations show how the interprofessional learning practice conflicted with either clinical practice or one of the student’s profession-specific practices. Conditions that had an impact on whether or not communities of practice aligned when students negotiated these situations proved to be ‘having time to negotiate or not’, as well as ‘feeling safe or not’.

ConclusionsFinal-year healthcare students can negotiate who in the team has the competence suited for a specific task. However, they must adapt their negotiations to different communities of practice being enacted at the same time. Educators need to be attentive to this and make an effort to ensure that students benefit from these intersecting communities of practice, both when they align and when they are in conflict. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2023
National Category
Other Medical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-197711 (URN)10.1186/s12909-023-04636-z (DOI)001064369400004 ()37684583 (PubMedID)
Funder
Linköpings universitet
Available from: 2023-09-11 Created: 2023-09-11 Last updated: 2023-10-18
Turesson, C. & Lindh, A. (2023). Learning occupational therapy practice using standardised patients in a practical examination - experiences of students and teachers. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 30(4), 425-434
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Learning occupational therapy practice using standardised patients in a practical examination - experiences of students and teachers
2023 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 425-434Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background The use of simulated learning activities in occupational therapy education has emerged in the past decade. Studies describing experiences of using standardised patients in practical examination in occupational therapy is lacking. Objective To describe teachers and students experiences of a newly implemented practical examination in occupational therapy education using standardised patients. Material and methods A qualitative study using data from student questionnaires, a focus-group with five teachers, and teachers reflective diary notes. Data were analysed with problem-driven content analysis. Results Three categories were identified: The practical examination as a learning situation included a structured learning environment and scenarios with standardised patients with the right level of complexity. The teachers role was influenced by the educational approach applied to create equal conditions for all students, students thoughts about being assessed and the teachers emphasis of being well prepared. The examination was an opportunity for developing practical skills. The students valued being prepared for clinical practice and the teachers valued the examination as a bridge between theory and practice. Conclusion and significance A carefully planned practical examination can contribute to developing professional occupational therapy competences and is a tool for educators to replicate the authentic clinical settings students encounter in fieldwork.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023
Keywords
Examination; learning process; occupational therapy; professional practice; simulation; skills
National Category
Pedagogical Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-179406 (URN)10.1080/11038128.2021.1974549 (DOI)000695040700001 ()34511030 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2021-09-21 Created: 2021-09-21 Last updated: 2023-11-16Bibliographically approved
Törnqvist, T., Lindh, A. & Tingström, P. (2023). Sharing knowledge: Final-year healthcare students working together at an interprofessional training ward. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 33, Article ID 100670.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Sharing knowledge: Final-year healthcare students working together at an interprofessional training ward
2023 (English)In: Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, ISSN 2405-4526, Vol. 33, article id 100670Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background

Healthcare students must learn how to collaborate with colleagues from different professional backgrounds and organisational units. Research has showed what students themselves think they gain from interprofessional education. Less is known about what knowledge students share when doing interprofessional education.

Purpose

This paper aims to study students’ knowledge sharing when working together as an interprofessional team at an interprofessional training ward.

Method

The study was conducted using a focused ethnographic approach. Field observations were carried out at two different interprofessional training wards. Fieldnotes, drawings and informal interviews constitute data. Data was analysed iteratively with ‘practice architectures’ as theoretical lens.

Discussion/conclusion

We found that students share knowledge in different ways during ward rounds, at the student team room and during the reflection session. The ward rounds are more formal and structured; at the student team room, things are buzzing; and the reflection session is weary.

Keywords
Interprofessional education, Clinical practice, Practice theory
National Category
Educational Sciences Other Medical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-197712 (URN)10.1016/j.xjep.2023.100670 (DOI)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-03469
Available from: 2023-09-11 Created: 2023-09-11 Last updated: 2025-02-18Bibliographically approved
Törnqvist, T., Tingström, P., Lindh, A. & Abrandt Dahlgren, M. (2022). Students’ Interprofessional Collaboration in Clinical Practice: Ways of Organizing the Patient Encounter. Professions & Professionalism, 11(3)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Students’ Interprofessional Collaboration in Clinical Practice: Ways of Organizing the Patient Encounter
2022 (English)In: Professions & Professionalism, E-ISSN 1893-1049, Vol. 11, no 3Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

As health care increases its focus on collaborative practice, universities must provide students with opportunities to learn how to collaborate with different professions and translate this knowledge into practice, known as interprofessional education. Simultaneously, researchers struggle to understand the full complexity of interprofessional education and must therefore conduct multiple-site studies, employ observational work, and apply theory throughout the research process.This paper draws on focused ethnographic fieldwork at two different sites focusing on how students organize collaboration during interprofessional clinical placements. Findings indicate that the way students organize their collaboration is intertwined with how patients were introduced during handovers and involved mobilizing knowledge as “betwixt and between” familiar student practices and unfamiliar clinical practices. Findings also show how authentic situations, artifacts and spatial features supported students to mobilize collaboration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oslo, Norway: Oslo Metropolitan University - Storbyuniversitetet, 2022
Keywords
Interprofessional education, focused ethnography, practice-theory, clinical placement
National Category
Health Sciences Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-183645 (URN)10.7577/pp.4289 (DOI)2-s2.0-85124832896 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding: The study is funded by the Swedish Research Council, 2017-034699.

Available from: 2022-03-15 Created: 2022-03-15 Last updated: 2024-07-04Bibliographically approved
Lindh, A., Tingström, P., Hammar, M. & Dahlberg, J. (2021). Interprofessional student teams focus on staff issues while learning about quality improvement. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 35(4), 552-557
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Interprofessional student teams focus on staff issues while learning about quality improvement
2021 (English)In: Journal of Interprofessional Care, ISSN 1356-1820, E-ISSN 1469-9567, Vol. 35, no 4, p. 552-557Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

There is a well-known gap between what we know and what we do within healthcare service processes. Models that facilitate quality improvement (QI) have seen used to eliminate these gaps. Knowledge and competence in QI work are necessary for every professional within the healthcare system and are ideally learned through interprofessional collaboration and introduced during undergraduate studies. To meet these competence needs, Linkoping University, Sweden, in collaboration with the main healthcare provider in the region, implemented a 2-week interprofessional QI learning module, which is mandatory for all undergraduate healthcare students. Ideas for practice-based QI projects were introduced to all the students who studied theory in the relevant domains of QI while working on these projects. A content analysis of students written reports was conducted to investigate the focus of the projects. The analysis showed that most projects (65%) concerned staff-related issues, while 35% had patient perspectives. This distribution changed over time, increasing the number of patient centered projects.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2021
Keywords
Quality improvement; interprofessional; healthcare; student; qualitative
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168571 (URN)10.1080/13561820.2020.1778650 (DOI)000547412100001 ()32615841 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2020-08-27 Created: 2020-08-27 Last updated: 2025-02-18
Bivall, A.-C., Lindh, A. & Gustavsson, M. (2021). Students’ interprofessional workplace learning in clinical placement. Professions & Professionalism, 11(3)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Students’ interprofessional workplace learning in clinical placement
2021 (English)In: Professions & Professionalism, E-ISSN 1893-1049, Vol. 11, no 3Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Students’ learning in the workplace during their clinical placements is an important part of their education to become healthcare professionals. Despite the number of studies of student interprofessional learning in clinical placements, little is still known about the significance of interprofessional learning and how it is facilitated and arranged for to occur. This article aims to investigate interprofessional learning between students collaborating in a workplace-driven arrangement integrated into a clinical placement. A focused ethnographic research approach was applied, comprising observations of ten students participating in the arrangement organised by clinical supervisors on a medical emergency ward at a Swedish university hospital, followed by group interviews. Using a boundary-crossing lens, the article analyses the workplace arrangement, in which students’ learning across professional boundaries and their negotiations around a boundary object were prerequisites to coordinate their interprofessional knowledge and manage emerging challenges while being in charge of care on the ward.

Keywords
Boundary crossing, clinical placement, interprofessional workplace learning, healthcare education
National Category
Pedagogy Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-182407 (URN)10.7577/pp.4140 (DOI)
Funder
Vinnova
Available from: 2022-08-31 Created: 2022-08-31 Last updated: 2024-07-04
Gustavsson, M., Bivall, A.-C. & Lindh Falk, A. (2021). Verksamhetsförlagd utbildning: - mellan högskola och vård- och omsorgsgivare. Linköping
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Verksamhetsförlagd utbildning: - mellan högskola och vård- och omsorgsgivare
2021 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

 Denna rapport redovisar erfarenheter och lärdomar från ett forskningsprojekt som handlar om att finna nya former för verksamhetsförlagd utbildning som ett led i att möta förändringar inom hälso- och sjukvården och omsorgsverksamheter. Utmaningar kan gälla organisering av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning mellan universitet och olika vård- och omsorgsgivare, men även förändrade förutsättningar på arbetsplatser som formar verksamhetsförlagd utbildning till innehåll och de möjligheter studenter har till professionellt och interprofessionellt lärande i praktiken. Rapportens syfte är att undersöka och bidra med kunskap om organisering av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning mellan högskola och vård- och omsorgsgivare, och vad som händer på arbetsplatser när nya arrangemang genomförs för att möjliggöra professionellt och interprofessionellt lärande som ett moment under verksamhetsförlagda utbildning. Syftet preciseras i följande forskningsfrågor:Hur organiseras verksamhetsförlagd utbildning inom och mellan högskola och vård- och omsorgsgivare?Hur sker samverkan kring organisering av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning?Hur sker studenters professionella och interprofessionella lärande i praktiken under verksamhetsförlagd utbildning?Vilka förutsättningar och utmaningar kan identifieras på organisations- och arbetsplatsnära nivå gällande att finna nya former för verksamhetsförlagd utbildning? 

Forskningsprojektet omfattar två delstudier genomförda under tidsperioden 2017 till och med 2019. I delstudie 1 ligger fokus på hur verksamhetsförlagd utbildning inom hälso- och sjukvårdsutbildningar organiseras och hur aktörer samverkar vid planering och utförande av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning för att tillgodose studenters behov av utbildningsplatser. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av nio intervjuer med centrala aktörer som har till uppgift att organisera verksamhetsförlagd utbildning mellan universitet (medicinsk fakultet) och vård- och omsorgsgivare (en Region och en kommun). I delstudie 2 ligger fokus på studenters professionella och interprofessionella lärande på arbetsplatser. Ett särskilt fokus ligger på arbetsplatsdrivna arrangemang som stödjer studenters interprofessionella lärande, så kallade IPL-arrangemang, som en del av den verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen. Det empiriska materialet baseras på fallstudier genomförda på arbetsplatser inom ett universitetssjukhus och två kommunala omsorgsverksamheter. Datainsamling har skett genom observationer av tre IPL-arrangemang, sju fokusgruppintervjuer med totalt 23 studenter och 13 individuella intervjuer med vårdpersonal/handledare på arbetsplatserna.Resultatet aktualiserar en rad frågor om verksamhetsförlagd utbildning och särskilt arbetsplatsdrivna IPL-arrangemang inom vård- och omsorgsverksamheter. En sådan fråga gäller hur planeringspusslet kan hanteras på ett sätt som underlättar organisering av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning mellan de tre huvudmännen. Vid sidan av den nära samverkan som finns mellan medicinska fakulteten och Regionen respektive kommunen är det viktigt att fundera över om det finns behov av samverkan kring verksamhetsförlagd utbildning mellan de tre parterna kring den logistik som krävs för att organisera verksamhetsförlagd utbildning. Att ett sådant behov finns kan avspeglas i den problematik de centrala aktörerna befinner sig i. Trots fokus på långsiktighet genom samverkan mellan utbildning och vård- och omsorgsutövare i olika forum, får det arbetet ofta stryka på foten då arbetet med att lösa ständigt närvarande akuta lägen som finns inom dygnet-runt-verksamheter i praktiken upptar större delen av arbetsutrymmet.En annan central fråga, är frågan varför läkarprogrammet skiljs från övriga vårdprogram när det gäller rutiner för beställning av utbildningsplatser. Detta kan relatera till dels det ovan nämnda dilemmat med samordning av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning, dels till en uppdelning som inte direkt gynnar interprofessionellt lärande mellan studenter från olika utbildningar.

Interprofessionellt lärande och samarbete lyfts idag fram som både en nödvändighet och en möjlighet för framtidens hälso- och sjukvård i nationella såväl som internationella sammanhang. Med tanke på framtida behov och förändringar, kan man fundera på universitetets roll för att samorganisera professionerna. Interprofessionellt lärande omfattar mer än att träna samarbete utan det förutsätter att studenter – även läkarstudenter, ges möjlighet att över tid få sätta sitt eget yrkesperspektiv gentemot andra professioners perspektiv och på så sätt utveckla en yrkeskunskap om sin profession i förhållande till andra professioner.Slutligen, vill vi lyfta ytterligare en central fråga, som också är i behov av forsknings­mässig uppmärksamhet, gällande vilken status arbetsplatsdriva IPL-arrangemang har i förhållande till ’ordinarie’ verksamhetsförlagd utbildning. Vanligtvis utför studenterna professionsspecifikt arbete utifrån professionsspecifika lärande- och kompetensmål och följer sina handledares arbete med fokus på professionsutveckling till skillnad mot de IPL-arrangemang som redovisats i denna rapport som syftar till att stärka studenters interprofessionella lärande och stimulera samarbete över professionsgränser. Sådana arrangemang tycks följa en egen logik inom vilket samarbetet med andra studenter och professioner är något annat än studenter vanligtvis möter under verksamhetsförlagd utbildning. Sådana arrangemang blir också en angelägenhet för arbetsplatsers eldsjälar – ofta huvudhandledare med ambition att utforma ett nytt interprofessionellt moment utöver ordinarie verksamhetsförlagd utbildning. På central nivå välkomnas initiativ tagna på arbetsplatser för att stödja interprofessionellt lärande, men endast om utövarna är lojala mot de pedagogiska ramar och lärande mål som ställs av utbildningen. Vikten av dessa lokala IPL-arrangemang stannar vid den nytta de kan tillföra den specifika verksamheten, och på central nivå ses de som “goda exempel” vilka gärna får spridas mellan verksam­heter så att även andra kan ta del av dem, inspireras och göra liknande satsningar. Hur detta är tänkt att ske är mindre uppenbart.Det är mot denna bakgrund empiriskt viktigt att studera IPL-arrangemang som lokalt genomförs på arbetsplatser och de förutsättningar de ger studenter för både professionellt och interprofessionellt lärande under olika betingelser. Arbetsplatsen erbjuder en annan pedagogisk miljö som bygger på att tillämpa teoretiska kunskaper och träna profession­ella och interprofessionella färdigheter som utbildningen avsett att ge, men också på ett professionellt och interprofessionellt lärande som handlar om att socialiseras in i en tilltänkt profession genom att anpassa sig till regler, traditioner och professionella hierarkier som gäller inom hälso- och sjukvården och omsorgsverksamheter.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: , 2021. p. 92
Series
HELIX working papers, ISSN 1654-8213
Series
HELIX Rapport 21:004
Keywords
VFU
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-184805 (URN)
Available from: 2022-05-06 Created: 2022-05-06 Last updated: 2025-02-18
Lindh Falk, A., Dahlberg, J., Ekstedt, M., Heslyk, A., Whiss, P. & Abrandt Dahlgren, M. (2015). Creating spaces for interprofessional learning: strategic revision of a common IPL curriculum in undergraduate programs. In: Andre Vyt, Majda Pahor, Tiina Tervaskanto-Maentausta (Ed.), Interprofessional education in Europe: policy and practice (pp. 49-66). Antwerpen: Garant Publishers Limited
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Creating spaces for interprofessional learning: strategic revision of a common IPL curriculum in undergraduate programs
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2015 (English)In: Interprofessional education in Europe: policy and practice / [ed] Andre Vyt, Majda Pahor, Tiina Tervaskanto-Maentausta, Antwerpen: Garant Publishers Limited , 2015, p. 49-66Chapter in book (Refereed)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Antwerpen: Garant Publishers Limited, 2015
National Category
Sociology (excluding Social Work, Social Psychology and Social Anthropology)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-125288 (URN)9789044133349 (ISBN)
Available from: 2016-02-19 Created: 2016-02-19 Last updated: 2020-11-19Bibliographically approved
Lindh Falk, A., Hammar, M. & Nyström, S. (2015). Does gender matter?: Differences between students at an interprofessional training ward. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 29(6), 616-621
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Does gender matter?: Differences between students at an interprofessional training ward
2015 (English)In: Journal of Interprofessional Care, ISSN 1356-1820, E-ISSN 1469-9567, Vol. 29, no 6, p. 616-621Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Studies on graduates’ transitions from education into clinical work highlight inequalities concerning how women and men experience their professional learning and development. This study explores how female and male students from different programs within the health care education system, i.e. medicine, nursing, occupational therapy and physiotherapy programmes, experience an IPTW as a part of their professional identity formation.

Students from the medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy programmes collaborate in teams during two weeks at one of three IPTWs at the medical school, Linköping University. They together take the responsibility for diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of the patients, albeit with professional supervisors as support. During 2010 to 2011 454 (93%) of the 488 students who practiced at the IPTWs answered a questionnaire on their experiences of the IPTW. The students stated that the IPTW had positively influenced their professional development. The female and male medical students were significantly less positive than other female and male students, respectively, concerning the value of IPTW. The male students from all programmes were slightly, but significantly, less positive than all the female students. These findings show that students “do gender” as an integral part of the educational practice. It is important to scrutinize the IPTW as an educational practice, influencing students’ preparation for future work. Gender should be discussed during the IPTW rotation but also in general during the curriculum for all healthcare programmes.

 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2015
Keywords
IPTW, professional development, gender, questionnaire
National Category
Pedagogical Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121056 (URN)10.3109/13561820.2015.1047491 (DOI)000366450200017 ()
Available from: 2015-09-04 Created: 2015-09-04 Last updated: 2021-09-01
Lindh Falk, A. (2014). Chains of action - interprofessioinal knowing in practice.. In: : . Paper presented at All Together Better Health Conference VII. 6-8 June, 2014 in Pittsburgh, USA.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Chains of action - interprofessioinal knowing in practice.
2014 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-107364 (URN)
Conference
All Together Better Health Conference VII. 6-8 June, 2014 in Pittsburgh, USA
Available from: 2014-06-11 Created: 2014-06-11 Last updated: 2014-06-13Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-2237-2038

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