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Portfelt, I. & Mufic, J. (2026). Principals' leadership strategies to shape inclusive education in local adult education institutions. International Journal of Inclusive Education
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Principals' leadership strategies to shape inclusive education in local adult education institutions
2026 (English)In: International Journal of Inclusive Education, ISSN 1360-3116, E-ISSN 1464-5173Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

This study examines principals’ leadership practices within Swedish Municipal Adult Education (SMAE), focusing on strategies for advancing inclusive education in a marketised system. Data consist of observation notes from dialogical network meetings with twenty-three principals and one quality manager representing twelve municipalities, organised collaboratively by the National Agency for Education and a university. The analysis applies the theory of practice architectures as both a theoretical lens and methodological tool. Findings reveal that principals operate within a complex and often contradictory educational landscape. Their strategic actions – such as creative financial manoeuvring and cross-sector collaboration – demonstrate adaptability while exposing ethical tensions under systemic constraints. The principals’ leadership strategies emerge as a situated, adaptive practice shaped by fragmented policy and governance environments. The study provides insights into how principals can lead transformative change by adopting alternative approaches and leveraging collaborative strategies to advance inclusive education across institutional and community contexts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2026
Keywords
Inclusive education; principals' leadership practice; adult education; municipal adult education; Theory of practice architecture
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-221418 (URN)10.1080/13603116.2026.2632778 (DOI)001695922800001 ()2-s2.0-105030678246 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2026-02-23 Created: 2026-02-23 Last updated: 2026-03-04
Portfelt, I. & Mufic, J. (2026). Rektor i komvux (2ed.). In: Andreas Fejes, Karolina Muhrman, Sofia Nyström (Ed.), Om vuxenutbildning och vuxnas studier: en grundbok (pp. 269-290). Studentlitteratur AB
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Rektor i komvux
2026 (Swedish)In: Om vuxenutbildning och vuxnas studier: en grundbok / [ed] Andreas Fejes, Karolina Muhrman, Sofia Nyström, Studentlitteratur AB, 2026, 2, p. 269-290Chapter in book (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Studentlitteratur AB, 2026 Edition: 2
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-221682 (URN)9789144203577 (ISBN)9789144192581 (ISBN)
Available from: 2026-03-05 Created: 2026-03-05 Last updated: 2026-03-05
Högberg, R., Fejes, A., Mufic, J. & Lundberg, M. (2026). Styrning och granskning av kommunal vuxenutbildning (2ed.). In: Andreas Fejes, Karolina Muhrman, Sofia Nyström (Ed.), Om vuxenutbildning och vuxnas studier: en grundbok (pp. 463-480). Studentlitteratur AB
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Styrning och granskning av kommunal vuxenutbildning
2026 (Swedish)In: Om vuxenutbildning och vuxnas studier: en grundbok / [ed] Andreas Fejes, Karolina Muhrman, Sofia Nyström, Studentlitteratur AB, 2026, 2, p. 463-480Chapter in book (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Studentlitteratur AB, 2026 Edition: 2
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-221716 (URN)9789144203577 (ISBN)9789144192581 (ISBN)
Available from: 2026-03-05 Created: 2026-03-05 Last updated: 2026-03-05
Mufic, J. (2025). Scrutinising “crises” and “emergencies” in UNESCO’s Global Reports on Adult Learning and Education. International Review of Education, 71(2), 281-299
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Scrutinising “crises” and “emergencies” in UNESCO’s Global Reports on Adult Learning and Education
2025 (English)In: International Review of Education, ISSN 0020-8566, E-ISSN 1573-0638, Vol. 71, no 2, p. 281-299Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Education is a human right but one that remains elusive for displaced people and refugees affected by crises and emergencies. Against the background of global commitments to education, lifelong learning policies are essential to ensure self-sufficiency and autonomy for displaced people. While the field of Education in Emergencies (EiE) has successfully drawn attention to the educational needs of displaced people, lifelong learning receives comparatively little funding and policy attention. The aim of this study is to contribute to the field of lifelong learning and EiE by critically identifying, scrutinising and rethinking how the concepts of “crisis” and “emergency” are produced in the context of adult learning and education (ALE). By analysing the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)’s series of Global Reports on Adult Learning and Education (GRALE) and drawing on the “What’s the ‘problem’ represented to be” (WPR) approach pioneered by Carol Bacchi, this study examines representations of crisis and emergencies in ALE and the ways in which they contribute to the reproduction of dominant hierarchies and power structures. The analysis highlights the need to rethink the concept of ALE in emergencies and to critically challenge dominant discourses and promote a more equitable and inclusive approach. This article highlights the tensions between how different forms of crisis and emergency are represented and calls for alternative theoretical and epistemological thinking on education in contexts of conflict and displacement.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SPRINGERNATURE, 2025
Keywords
adult education; education in emergencies; education policy; UNESCO; WPR approach
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-212477 (URN)10.1007/s11159-024-10124-3 (DOI)001448764000001 ()2-s2.0-105000557376 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Linköpings universitet
Note

Funding Agencies|Linkping University

Available from: 2025-03-20 Created: 2025-03-20 Last updated: 2025-10-28Bibliographically approved
Mufic, J. (2025). What is represented as the ‘problem’ in principals’ accounts of flexible and individualised education?. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 1-13
Open this publication in new window or tab >>What is represented as the ‘problem’ in principals’ accounts of flexible and individualised education?
2025 (English)In: International Journal of Lifelong Education, ISSN 0260-1370, E-ISSN 1464-519X, p. 1-13Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

National policy in Sweden is increasingly emphasising the principal’s responsibility for the quality and development of Municipal Adult Education (MAE). While there is extensive research on principals’ perceptions of their role and work, most of it focuses on principals in primary and secondary schools even though today more students are involved in adult education than attend secondary school. The MAE principle operates under partially different conditions. Adult education is organised differently and places much higher demands on flexibility and individualisation. This study takes a critical approach and addresses the following question: What is represented as the ‘problem’ with flexible and individualised adult education when principals are interviewed by school inspectors as part of a school inspection audit? Drawing on Bacchi’s (2009) critical poststructuralist approach ‘What’s the “problem” represented to be?’, several observations of principals’ interactions with the Swedish School Inspectorate (SSI) during a thematic quality audit have been analysed. The study highlights how policy demands play out in practice and the anticipated, and sometimes unexpected, effects they have on principals, students, and staff.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2025
Keywords
flexibility, individualisation, principal
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-212828 (URN)10.1080/02601370.2025.2486806 (DOI)001461273600001 ()
Available from: 2025-04-07 Created: 2025-04-07 Last updated: 2025-05-21
Mufic, J. (2024). ‘And suddenly it’s not so flexible anymore!’: Discursive effects in comments from school leaders and staff about distance education. Studies in the Education of Adults, 56(1), 102-120
Open this publication in new window or tab >>‘And suddenly it’s not so flexible anymore!’: Discursive effects in comments from school leaders and staff about distance education
2024 (English)In: Studies in the Education of Adults, ISSN 0266-0830, E-ISSN 1478-9833, Vol. 56, no 1, p. 102-120Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Distance education has received a lot of attention in contemporary policy as something that makes it possible for more students to participate, but also involves a certain set of challenges. When it comes to distance education, Swedish municipal adult education (MAE) stands out with its long history of flexible education, often provided on distance. Applying Bacchi’s poststructural WPR approach, the aim of this study was to scrutinise how distance education is construed, and the discursive effects of this, in comments by MAE school leaders and staff during a quality audit. The analysis shows that it becomes difficult to question or think differently about distance education within the flexibility discourse in adult education. Moreover, the blame for students’ lack of goal attainment and increased dropouts seems to be put on external providers, municipalities, and the students rather than on the way that the adult education system is organised or the demands around flexibility in adult education policy. What seems to be left out is a discussion about the pedagogical and didactical implications of distance education.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2024
Keywords
Distance education, Flexibility, Swedish municipal adult education, WPR approach
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-197770 (URN)10.1080/02660830.2023.2249141 (DOI)001065887600001 ()2-s2.0-85170856857 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-09-14 Created: 2023-09-14 Last updated: 2025-04-10Bibliographically approved
Mufic, J. (2024). Kvalitet i vuxenutbildning (1ed.). Lund: Studentlitteratur AB
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kvalitet i vuxenutbildning
2024 (Swedish)Book (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Kvalitetsarbete sägs bidra till lärande, utveckling och mycket annat som är gott. Mer sällan diskuteras baksidan av sådana processer: negativa effekter på lärande och pedagogik, och att kvalitetsarbetet tynger verksamheten när tid och energi går åt till förenklade framgångsformler, mätbarhet, ansvarsutkrävande, kontroll och granskning. Den här boken är en kritisk uppgörelse med kvalitetsbegreppet och dess användande i svensk vuxenutbildning (Komvux). Den erbjuder också alternativ. Mer specifikt får läsaren tillgång till olika nycklar som ”låser upp” nya förhållningssätt och andra tillvägagångssätt för vuxenutbildningens personal i deras arbete med verksamhetens kvalitet. Det handlar om att kritiskt förstå den nuvarande situationen och kvalitetsregimen, men också om vilka frågor som bör vägleda arbetet och eventuella utvecklingsinsatser framöver. Kvalitet i vuxenutbildning vänder sig till lärare och rektorer som är verksamma inom vuxenutbildningen, men den är även intressant för olika lärarutbildningar och för det statliga rektorsprogrammet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2024. p. 152 Edition: 1
National Category
Educational Sciences Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-208611 (URN)9789144178608 (ISBN)
Available from: 2024-10-17 Created: 2024-10-17 Last updated: 2024-10-22Bibliographically approved
Mufic, J. (2023). Discursive Effects of “Quality” Talk During a Quality Audit in Swedish Municipal Adult Education. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 67(4), 637-649
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Discursive Effects of “Quality” Talk During a Quality Audit in Swedish Municipal Adult Education
2023 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, ISSN 0031-3831, E-ISSN 1470-1170, Vol. 67, no 4, p. 637-649Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In transnational policy, directives on how to improve “quality” through auditing flourish. However, more research is needed about how these quality audits affect school personnel in local contexts. This paper has scrutinised the discursive effects of how “quality” is construed in school personnel's comments during a quality audit conducted by the Swedish Schools Inspectorate. By drawing on Bacchi's (2009) WPR approach, such constructs were analysed and interrogated. The results indicate that “quality” is construed as an absence of “warning flags”, and thus as compliance with standards. In effect, statements about quality seem to become problem-oriented. Moreover, “quality” is talked about as a responsibility, and in effect the concept becomes invisible. It is also suggested that “quality” is construed as something that both enables and obstructs different kinds of discussion and discernments. It silences what it is possible to say and calls into question the organisation of the adult education system

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2023
Keywords
Adult education, educational policy, quality, Swedish Schools Inspectorate, WPR approach
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-183197 (URN)10.1080/00313831.2022.2042844 (DOI)000761482000001 ()
Available from: 2022-02-28 Created: 2022-02-28 Last updated: 2023-11-09
Mufic, J. & Andersson, P. (2023). Studieförbundens deltagare med funktionsnedsättning. Stockholm: Folkbildningsrådet
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Studieförbundens deltagare med funktionsnedsättning
2023 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Folkbildningsrådet har fått i uppdrag av regeringen att följa upp funktionshinderspolitiken 2021–2031 utifrån det nationella målet för detta politikområde. Analysen av studieförbundens arbete med deltagare med funktionsnedsättning, som redovisas i den här rapporten, kommer att utgöra en grund i detta uppdrag.

Under 2019 rapporterade studieförbunden ungefär 200 000 deltagare med funktionsnedsättning uppdelade i cirka 100 000 deltagare i studiecirklar, cirka 75 000 deltagare i kulturprogram och cirka 30 000 deltagare i annan folkbildningsverksamhet. Under 2019 var det ungefär 90 000 kvinnor och 40 000 män med funktionsnedsättning som deltog i en studiecirkel och annan folkbildningsverksamhet. Mellan 2019 och 2020 minskade studieförbundens deltagare med funktionsnedsättning med 46 procent på grund av pandemin.

Arbetarnas Bildningsförbund (ABF) och Studieförbundet Vuxenskolan (SV) är de två studieförbund som har mest omfattande verksamhet med deltagare med funktionsnedsättning och på grund av detta har de varit i fokus i studien. Studien visar på att de flesta deltagare blivit informerade om studieförbundens verksamheter av studieförbundens personal via boende, daglig verksamhet eller personlig kontakt. Ett fåtal deltagare har själva sökt information om studieförbundens verksamhet via deras hemsidor. De flesta deltagare berättar att de har blivit kontaktade direkt av personal vid studieförbunden och de som inte har blivit det önskar att det hade varit lättare att hitta information om kurser.

Studien indikerar också att ABF:s och SV:s verksamhet har stort värde för deltagare med funktionsnedsättning. Deltagarna berättar att de är nöjda med sitt deltagande och belyser vikten av att vara en del av en gemenskap och att få utveckla olika kreativa intressen. Deltagarna pratar också om fördelen med att delta i anpassade kurser eftersom de i större utsträckning upplever att de får sina behov tillgodosedda i den cirkelformen.

I studien förekommer exempel på hur studieförbunden upplever att resursfördelningssystemen påverkar verksamheten på olika sätt. Detta gäller främst kraven på att rapportera anpassningar som ligger till grund för tillgänglighetsbidraget. Samtidigt åläggs studieförbunden att organisera sin verksamhet inkluderande utifrån ett universellt perspektiv, så att det ska behövas så få individuella insatser som möjligt.

ABF och SV beskriver också externa strukturella hinder för deltagare med funktionsnedsättning i form av problem med färdtjänst, otillräckliga resurser och svårighet att få tag på bland annat teckenspråkstolkar. Här diskuteras också svårigheten med att nå ut med information och rekrytera deltagare med funktionsnedsättning som inte är medlemmar i medlemsföreningar. Personalen nämner olika lösningar i form av ökad lokal närvaro samt utökad och utvecklad webbinformation liksom vikten av att samverka med medlemsföreningar och omgivande samhälle.

Övriga studieförbund uppger att de vill utöka sin verksamhet riktad mot deltagare med funktionsnedsättning men att det saknas resurser och att förutsättningarna för att göra detta beror på hur samverkan med de lokala aktörerna ser ut. Denna samverkan kan se olika ut på olika platser i landet. Flera uppger också att de behöver mer kompetens om deltagare med funktionsnedsätting för att kunna utveckla verksamheten.

I det fortsatta arbetet ser Folkbildningsrådet bland annat anledning att använda den utökade kunskapen som underlag vid bidragsöversynsarbetet samt vid kvalitetssäkring och eventuellt utveckling av statistiken.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Folkbildningsrådet, 2023. p. 59
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191930 (URN)
Available from: 2023-02-24 Created: 2023-02-24 Last updated: 2023-06-01Bibliographically approved
Mufic, J. & Fejes, A. (2022). ‘Lack of quality’ in Swedish adult education: a policy study. Journal of education policy, 37(2), 269-284
Open this publication in new window or tab >>‘Lack of quality’ in Swedish adult education: a policy study
2022 (English)In: Journal of education policy, ISSN 0268-0939, E-ISSN 1464-5106, Vol. 37, no 2, p. 269-284Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article focuses on how ‘problems’ regarding quality in adult education are constituted as particular sorts of ‘problems’. The analysis takes its point of departure in a poststructural analytic strategy called ‘What’s the problem represented to be?’. The material analysed consists of various policy documents concerning contemporary Swedish adult education. The results indicate that the concept of quality is described as being deficient and failing to address perceived challenges in adult education, namely the ‘heterogenous student group’ and ‘varying pre-conditions for the organisation of education’. Thus, the concepts of flexibility and individualisation are introduced as a ‘solution’. But at the same time, it is suggested in policy that the implementation of them has failed. In effect, representatives of the municipal authority and principals are held responsible and the need for more strict regulations and increased accountability in order to implement flexibility and individualisation in the adult education system are stressed in policy. Finally, the analysis of the policy documents leads to questions about the consequences for both school personnel and the students enrolled in adult education as the quality of the education seems to be assessed in relation to goal attainment and throughflow of students.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2022
Keywords
Individualisation, flexibility, municipal adult education, quality in education, WPR-approach
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-169052 (URN)10.1080/02680939.2020.1817567 (DOI)000566688200001 ()
Available from: 2020-09-07 Created: 2020-09-07 Last updated: 2022-09-22Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-1835-8505

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